Batik Craft Research Articles

Ethnobotanical Study on Plants Used As Natural Dye by Handwritten <i>Batik</i> Craftsmen in Cirebon Indonesia

Cirebon Regency is one of the few Indonesian batik craft center which still use natural dyes in hand-written batik making. The natural dyes are generally extracted from plants. The kind of plants used as natural dyes source for batik in Cirebon Regency are not yet known. This ethnobotanical research aimed to describe the kinds of plants and their characteristics, the frequency of citation by respondents, the parts of the organs used, the sources of obtaining plants, the colors produced, usage technique, as well as the role of using natural dyes in batik to support implementation of green economy. The research approach was exploratory descriptive through observation and interview techniques for data collection. The research was carried out at Kebon Gedang Block, Ciwaringin Village, Cirebon Regency, Indonesia in September 2023. Thirty respondents were selected by purposive sampling method and subjected to the interview. The results showed there were 14 plants species from 12 families used as natural dyes. The most frequently used species were Mangifera indica and Indigofera tinctoria. The organ most widely used was the bark which comes from the purchased, and the color generally produced was brown. The most frequently coloring method used was boiling technique. This research is the first study in this area and useful for providing data and strategic potential for developing local plants as environmentally friendly natural dyes, as well as supporting efforts to use natural dyes in the batik industry.

Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Kerajinan Batik di Desa Bentarsari Kecamatan Salem Kabupaten Brebes

Women empowerment is a form of empowerment carried out for women in order to achieve a decent life. Empowerment is carried out in the form of women's awareness to develop and is used as efforts in overcoming women's underdevelopment. The empowerment programme in Bentarsari Village (Mawar Batik) aims to improve living standards and alleviate poverty. The study is to analyze how women's empowerment through batik handicrafts is in improving the economy. It also identifies the factors influencing the empowerment programme in Bentarsari Village. The study employed descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data obtained were analysed by using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed the success of women empowerment in Bentarsari Village, Salem District in the batik craft programme. The supporting and inhibiting factors which influence the success are the support of husbands and the willingness to change from the community so that the skills possessed are hereditary and good communication between group members and group leaders.

Diversification of Eco-Friendly Batik Craft Products with Export Potential

The Laweyan Surakarta batik industry center has more than 100 developing batik IKMs. The existence of the Laweyan Surakarta batik IKM has contributed greatly to the revival of the batik industry in Surakarta after experiencing a downturn due to the pandemic. However, the presence of batik artisans in the Laweyan area of Surakarta has not been optimally accommodated, coupled with the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, leading to an 80% decline in the batik trade. The Indonesian Batik Craftsmen and Entrepreneurs Association (APPBI) is still unable to reach all artisans at the grassroots level. Therefore, batik artisans require guidance to maximize their potential in discovering new innovations related to batik handicraft products. The participatory collaborative approach between craft actors (IKM) and educational institutions is expected to increase the bargaining power of batik artisans. The developed batik craft products are still based on local cultural values and strive to improve product quality by adhering to SNI standards. The participatory collaboration model places artisans as actors and educational institutions as partners. This study aims to develop a diversification model for Laweyan Surakarta batik products through a participatory collaborative approach involving educational institutions and batik craft centers to strengthen export potential. This study employs the development research model from Borg and Gall and Mc Kenny’s development research, which is then modified into 2 steps. The two steps include (1) the preliminary study stage as a need and contents analysis. Keywords: diversification, batik, Laweyan, export potential

Peningkatkan Kinerja Industri Kerajinan Batik Melalui Penguatan Sumber Daya Manusia Hijau (Studi Literatur)

Community empowerment is one of the impacts produced by the tourism sector. On the next trip, the development of tourism also stimulated the emergence of tourism-supporting industries such as transportation, culinary, souvenirs, and crafts. In an effort to create sustainable tourism, the presence of the batik craft industry as a tourism supporter is very much needed. Talking about green environmental issues, the batik industry also has the potential to threaten environmental sustainability. Referring to this, management needs to pay attention to and prepare various things that support business sustainability. Green human resources are interpreted as an effort to maximize their potential. This step is an organizational strategy for responding to green challenges and performance. This study will look at the extent to which green human resource management practices support the management of the management business. A qualitative research design through a literature study was used with reference to existing provisions. The results of the study explain that green human resource practices are able to support improving the quality of human resources. Some efforts that can be made include searching for human resources through screening, providing training and optimizing human resources, conducting human resource assessments, and providing appropriate rewards for the performance provided.

Analisis Studi Kelayakan Pengembangan Bisnis dalam Keputusan Ekspansi

MSMEs which are growing rapidly in Indonesia play a role in economic growth and job creation, one of the sectors is the batik craft industry. In Kediri Regency, Lochatara Batik is a growing MSME and plans to expand its products and market share. Before carrying out expansion, it is necessary to carry out a business feasibility study analysis to find out whether the expansion plan is feasible or not. This research aims to analyze aspects in the Lochatara Batik business feasibility study related to the expansion plans that will be carried out. A descriptive qualitative method using observation, interviews and documentation of the owners and employees of Batik Lochatara was carried out in this research method. The results, according to legal aspects, market and marketing aspects, financial aspects, technical or operational aspects, management and organizational aspects, economic and social aspects as well as environmental impact aspects, the business and expansion planned by Batik Lochatara were declared feasible to carry out. The results of this analysis can also be used as a reference for company owners to identify and minimize obstacles and risks that arise in the business in the future.

Pengrajin Batik Besurek di Kota Bengkulu Tahun 1992-2020

This research describes besurek batik craftsmen in Bengkulu City from 1992-2020. The emergence of many people in the city of Bengkulu who work as batik craftsmen in order to improve their welfare and fulfill their daily living needs. The aim of this research is to describe the development of besurek batik craftsmen in Bengkulu City and the influence of the emergence of besurek batik crafts on the socio-economic life of craftsmen in Bengkulu City. The method applied in this research is the historical method which consists of four stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The first stage is heuristic which is the stage of collecting data. The author collects data related to research that adopts two types of sources, namely primary sources and secondary sources. Primary sources were obtained from the interview answer from besurek batik craftsmen, Bengkulu government employees and traditional leaders in Bengkulu City. Before the interview was conducted, the author had prepared an interview guide, namely main questions based on the problem. Meanwhile, secondary sources are obtained from books and articles related to the research problem. Second, source criticism of the data that has been obtained by re-testing the data obtained to verify the truth. Third, data interpretation. Fourth, historiography, namely the author rewrites the research results. Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that the Besurek batik craft business in Bengkulu City began to experience development in 1992 since the inauguration of the level I government regulation for the Bengkulu region to use Besurek Batik for students and civil servants. Besurek batik was originally introduced by Mrs. Aisiyah. The besurek batik craft industry business is a business that has been carried out for generations through non-official educational channels. The besurek batik craft business can be used as the main job for craftsmen in order to fulfill their living needs. The besurek batik craft industry business has a big influence on the socio-economic life of besurek batik craftsmen in Bengkulu City. The level of social welfare, health, education, and socio-economic life of craftsmen has increased significantly.

Innovation Roadblocks: Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Indonesian Batik Design Collaborations

The handicraft industry in Indonesia is one of the three subsectors that contribute significantly to the country’s GDP. Among other creative industry subsectors, handicrafts (particularly the Batik industry in this case) have the highest labor force multiplier. Despite MSMEs contributing 60% to the national GDP, the productivity of micro enterprises is still much lower than that of small and medium enterprises. This issue of low micro-scale productivity may be attributed to the lack of skills and human resource development, as well as ineffective management of government assistance for MSMEs. The batik craft industry, which has received recognition from UNESCO, is predominantly composed of micro-scale enterprises. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the factors that hinder the development of designs among micro-scale batik MSMEs. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that hinder collaboration in the development of micro-scale batik MSME designs. The study uses an interview method with snowball sampling techniques, focusing on East Java, the Special Region (Daerah Istimewa, DI) of Yogyakarta, and East Kalimantan Provinces in Indonesia. The results reveal several factors that hinder design innovation in micro-scale batik MSMEs in these regions. The most influential factors are strategic, structural, human resources, market-related, government-related, and community-related issues. Internal factors include limited capital, minimal design knowledge, education, and work experience, while external factors include insufficient government training facilities, a lack of understanding of consumer preferences, and competition with other batik artists due to similarities in motif designs.

The ‘how’ for sustainability: Answering market pressure through green strategy and green production

Research aims: This study aims to examine the influence of market pressure on green strategy and green production while also looking at its impact on MSMEs' sustainability. The authors also investigate the indirect influence of market pressure on green production through the mediating role of green strategy.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was carried out on batik craft, fashion, and convection MSMEs oriented to the green concept in West Java Province, with a number of samples of 185 MSMEs. The data obtained were then analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique with SmartPLS software.Research findings: The results of this study demonstrated the positive influence of market pressure on green strategy and green production, and both influenced MSMEs' sustainability. Furthermore, green strategy has been proven to have a positive influence on green production and could mediate the influence of market pressure on green production.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the literature by widening the antecedent of green strategy, green production, and MSMEs sustainability from the external side, namely market pressure, which is rarely elaborated.Practitioners/Policy Implications: Managers and owners of batik craft, fashion, and convection MSMEs must prepare themselves to answer the calls for sustainability that come from their stakeholders, such as the market and government. Green strategy and green production must be incorporated into their business to achieve sustainability.Research Limitations/Implications: This study has not yet considered the existence of moderating variables, such as firm size, government regulation, or organizational competitiveness. These additional variables can be a sign for firms to understand when the time is to implement their strategy to achieve sustainability according to the underlying conditions of the moderators.

Classical Batik Craft Industry in Imogiri Yogyakarta: Existence and Development in the Perspective of Cultural Resilience

Classical Batik Craft Industry in Imogiri Yogyakarta: Existence and Development in the Perspective of Cultural Resilience

Batik Dermayon: Expression of Femininity in North Coast of Java

To date, Javanese-Indonesian coastal women have only been part of the batik craft industry, but their strategic roles and expressions have never been disclosed or cared. Whereas the feminine side and the aesthetic symbolic adaptation of Batik-crafter women are very important issues in the creation of the Indonesian cultural repertoire. This study succeeded in explaining the visual identity signs and aesthetic structures described by the community of the crafter woman in the Paoman Village, as well as revealing the meaning of the Indramayu written batik motif as a sign in coastal culture.

Pengembangan Digital Marketing Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Bisnis Bagi Pelaku Usaha Batik Baduta Kelurahan Tanggung Kecamatan Kepanjen Kidul Kota Blitar

Baduta batik Blitar is an MSME that sells batik handicraft products. Barik itself is a work of a nation that is well known abroad. The batik craft center itself is a cultural tour that is visited by many domestic and foreign tourists. Almost every region in Indonesia has batik craft centers, especially in Java and its surroundings. UMKM Batik Baduta Blitar has been built since 2009, but UMKM Baduta has obstacles in carrying out digital marketing, which causes Batik Baduta Blitar customers to complain about the lack of information from Batik Baduta Blitar writing on Batik Baduta Blitar's social media. The application of digital marketing is carried out with the stages of literacy, training and development then application of programs that are in accordance with the conditions of the Baduta batik group. The results of this study are that with this problem the solution that can be applied is to create an online marketing strategy that includes digital marketing strategies, social media content, and copy writing. The existence of this online marketing strategy can make Batik Baduta Blitar MSMEs able to carry out marketing effectively and efficiently.

THE ANALISIS MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH (HIFDL AQL & HIFDL MAL) TENTANG TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN PERAJIN BATIK BERBASIS KEMITRAAN UMKM DI TANJUNGBUMI BANGKALAN

The batik craft sector in Bangkalan occupies the region's first leading potential. More than five subdistricts are centers that produce a lot of batik. This sector is expected to be able to support and accelerate economic growth to eradicate poverty. Tanjungbumi is one of the centers of batik, starting from the wives who divert their anxiety with batik activities because they are waiting for their husbands to go to sea. Meanwhile, the basic philosophy of the Madurese which is Islam considers batik work as an opportunity to work. Their philosophy of life considers batik as an opportunity to work. Besides developing as a work of art, batik is also a promising industry. The potential of batik is so great to be developed. This research is structured using qualitative research methods, namely observing people in their environment, interacting with them, trying to understand their language and interpretation of the world around them with the aim of gaining understanding and understanding of an event or human behavior in an organization or institution. Sources of data used in this study using primary and secondary data sources, most batik artisans are women who are more tenacious and patient in doing a job, moreover the process of making batik takes a long time, it can take weeks or even years. Of course the process requires a lot of intervention starting from fabric making, basic batik painting, motif drawing, painting, color locking and other processes. One step is carried out by one person and the cost varies depending on the difficulty. Compared to civil servants, the salary is certainly higher, but the most important thing is to get blessings. Can meet daily needs, even still able to save. Of course, for children's school fees, even though they have not been able to go to college.

Silver and Culinary MSMEs Assistance in the Purbayan Tourism Village through Synergized Promotional Design

Purbayan Tourism Village is one of 17 tourist villages that received a decree from the Yogyakarta City Government, located in Kotagede. This area has a unique cultural potential that exhibits both historical and cultural wealth in the form of traditions that exist even today. These traditions include traditional culinary arts, silversmithing and batik craft. However, the potential of this cultural heritage is not visible when compared to the development of the Purbayan Tourism Village. Promotional efforts from business groups and tourism are lacking synergy. Based on these problems, this community service activity aims to assist Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to design synergistic tourism promotions. MSMEs that became community service partners are Kopi Lumbung Mataram culinary shop and Studio 76 silver art school. The implementation of this activity uses a user-centered approach to design thinking. In this method, partners as users are actively involved in Focus Group Discussions and workshops on content design and tourism promotion strategies in synergy. The activities described in this paper are understanding, observing, defining point of view, and ideation phase of design thinking. The activity resulted in the promotion concept of Studio 76 silver art school in the form of a draft booth design for silver making exhibitions and photography designs for culinary products of Warung Kopi Lumbung Mataram. Promotion synergy between the two MSMEs is carried out by combining the two tourism service products into an interactive exhibition. The collaboration of these MSME’s aims to promote and increase the number of visitors to the area.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Sumber Ajar Batik Tangerang (Studi Kasus: SMAN 3 Kabupaten Tangerang)

The culture of the people of Tangerang Regency, starting from hat crafts to Tangerang batik crafts, is one part of local wisdom. To preserve it so that it doesn't become extinct or disappear, it is necessary to carry out an activity in the preservation and introduction of various Tangerang batik motifs to the public, especially students who are in Tangerang Regency. Thus, the problem of maintaining local wisdom values in the typical Tangerang batik motifs is an important matter for Tangerang Regency. Therefore, in introducing various Tangerang batik motifs, it is necessary to introduce them to schools. So, that schools in Tangerang Regency care about preserving their local wisdom. The research method used is a qualitative method, while the data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation. The research results are (1) there is a need for an introduction to local history based on the local wisdom values of Tangerang batik, because it will add local insight to students at SMAN 3 Kabupaten Tangerang; (2) the implementation of history learning on Tangerang batik craft material motivates students, because it is taught by history teachers who have prepared the learning process, both from lesson plans, materials, methods, and media specifically; and (3) the obstacles found in learning, namely the availability of material that is not widely available in the school library and the time allocation that is not sufficient to discuss broader material in learning local history.

Gender stereotype perception, perceived social support and self-efficacy in increasing women's entrepreneurial intentions

PurposeWomen play an essential role in entrepreneurship because they have been able to make social and economic contributions in many countries. However, women continue encountering numerous difficulties when engaging in entrepreneurial activities, particularly from a societal perspective. Therefore, it is necessary to study the underlying factors influencing women's entrepreneurial intentions that lead to their success in entrepreneurship. This study examines gender stereotype perceptions, perceived social support and self-efficacy in women's entrepreneurial intentions in Batik micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in West Java, Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a quantitative method by randomly distributing questionnaires to women entrepreneurs in the MSME sector in the batik craft industry in the Trusmi area, West Java, Indonesia. The research questionnaire was completed by 150 female entrepreneurs, and a structural equation model-partial least squares (PLS) was employed to examine the hypotheses proposed in this study.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed that gender stereotype perception and perceived social support have a positive and significant effect on self-efficacy. Gender stereotype perceptions affect women's entrepreneurial intentions, both directly and mediated by self-efficacy. Meanwhile, perceived social support has a significant effect on women's entrepreneurial intention only when it is mediated by self-efficacy.Originality/valueThis study presents empirical evidence on how gender stereotype perception, perceived social support and self-efficacy affect women's entrepreneurial intentions and establishes a novel conceptual framework for women's entrepreneurship in emerging economies. This study provides academic and practical implications by identifying the entrepreneurial intentions of women who have carried out entrepreneurial activities. This study also provides direction for policymakers to encourage women's entrepreneurial intentions.

Inculcating entrepreneurial values in creating business sustainability through business independence in batik craftsmen

This research aimed to determine the effect of inculcating entrepreneurial values on business independence and sustainability among 216 batik craftsmen. It also aimed to examine the effect of business independence on business sustainability. Additionally, it intended to determine the impact of entrepreneurial values on business sustainability through business independence. The education of entrepreneurial values that are integrated into business independence is theoretically possible to be one of the strengthening factors for business continuity. Sixty-eight samples were selected from the population of batik craft entrepreneurs. The sampling technique uses proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with Path Analysis. Entrepreneurial values positively and significantly affect business independence and sustainability. Business independence positively and significantly affects business sustainability. Similarly, entrepreneurial values positively and significantly affect business sustainability through business independence. This research shows that the inculcation of entrepreneurial values has a positive and significant effect both directly and through the mediating variables of business independence. It is proven that the inculcation of entrepreneurial values through business independence has a more significant influence than a direct relationship with business continuity. This research offers insight into the importance of inculcating entrepreneurial values on business sustainability directly and through business independence.

THE EFFECT OF COMPENSATION AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE DEWI SAMBI BATIK CRAFT CENTER

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of compensation and work discipline on employee performance at Dewi Sambi Batik Craft Center. This type of research is quantitative research, data were collected from 80 respondents who were all employees at Dewi Sambi Batik Craft Center, the sampling method was saturated sampling, where all members of the population became the research sample. Data was collected by observation and questionnaire methods. The data collected was analyzed using multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 26. The results showed that compensation partially affected the performance of the Dewi Sambi Batik Krajinan Center employees, work discipline partially affected the employee performance of the Dewi Sambi Batik Krajinan Center. Compensation and work discipline simultaneously affect the performance of the Dewi Sambi Batik Krajinan Center employees

Women entrepreneurs in the craft industry: a case study of the batik industry during the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeBatik is a craft in the creative industry, which is the identity of the Indonesian nation. One of the main batik tourism areas in Indonesia is Trusmi, and women entrepreneurs have a strategic role in developing the batik craft industry in the region. The batik industry faced various challenges during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact and identify strategic options during the COVID-19 period on batik businesses owned by women entrepreneurs in the Trusmi area.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative case study method by interviewing ten batik women entrepreneurs in the Trusmi area.FindingsThis study elaborates findings about the impact of COVID-19, the technology role, collaboration, the government role and strategic options.Originality/valueThis study provides academic and practical implications, which are discussed further about the role of the craft industry in dealing with economic and social turmoil.

AN ECO-FRIENDLY DYE FOR BATIK CLOTHES: A NATURAL DYE SOLUTION MADE OF MANGO SEEDS EXTRACT (Mangifera indica L.)

Waste pollution resulting from the production process of synthetic batik dyes is against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the aspects of waste management systems and clean water. One effort to cut down the amount of pollution is the use of natural dyes for coloring batik clothes. This undertaking is not only healthy but also expected to bring in some added value economically, community empowerment, and intergenerational inheritance. This experimental research was carried out collaboratively between the Textile and Batik Craft Studio at the Indonesian University of Education, the Umymay Batik Studio, and the Yogyakarta Batik and Craft Center. A batik cloth was dyed 5 times with a mango seed extract solution as the dependent variable, then fixed with lime solution (Ca(OH)2) and Ferrous Sulfate solution (FeSO4.7H2O) as the independent variables. The dyed fabrics were tested for their colorfastness against washing and sun exposure. The results of the study: 1) The process of dyeing the batik cloth was performed through several stages, that is, by cutting the cloth with a canting stamp, dyeing the cloth, and fixing it with Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O, the batik cloth fixed with Ca(OH)2 tended to be brown in color while the other one fixed with FeSO4.7H2O resulted in black; 2) The results of the Color Fastness Test against Washing at 40℃ on the batik cloth that has been dyed with mango seed extract fixed with Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O were considered a good category with respective values of 4 on a scale of 5. Likewise, the results of the Color Resistance to Light: Day Light Ray Resistant Test Value with the fixation of Ca(OH)2 and FeSO4.7H2O was in the moderate category with a value of 3 each on a scale of 5. There should be a governmental policy to promote a green industry. As for batik artisans, they can utilize an eco-friendly alternative dye for batik clothes.

Teak Trees as Source of Inspiration for Developing Batik Motifs

Many batik motifs have been developed in various regions, inspired by various local resources such as plants, animals, regional icons, cultural arts, etc. The objective of this study is to look for ideas in the form of teak leaves and flowers that can be developed into batik and textile motif designs. The descriptive qualitative, literature review, participatory follow-up study, focus group discussion method, and the development of craftsman creativity were all used to achieve these goals. The study took place at the Jalidin batik craft shop in Sragen. Teak plant objects, motif designers, batik craftsmen, and libraries were among the data sources. The findings of the study were the motifs in the form of teak leaves and flowers, which could be used as master designs for both batik and textiles. Then the shape of the teak leaves and flowers are arranged in various compositions to produce several designs, and the batik motif designs are applied to jarit-patterned batik, long-sleeved shirt-patterned batik, and textile/printed batik. The resulting motifs were then produced into batik according to the economic class projections of the consumers, namely the consumer’s economic class projections, using prima and primissima cloths, combination and writing techniques, synthetic and natural dyes, and synthetic and natural dyes. In addition, the motifs were produced into printed textiles/batik. Batik cloths and textiles that have been produced are then made into shirts.