Basis Of Secondary Sources Research Articles

Gender Issues in Disaster: Understanding the Problems Involved for Women Vulnerability, Sustainability, and Awareness in Nigeria

The study investigates the gender issues in disaster and analyses the relationships between vulnerability sustainability and awareness following a qualitative method on the basis of secondary sources. The study notes that the women living in coastal areas are facing more difficulties due to the complexity of atmosphere where their activities are not properly recognized in disaster planning and management. However, the study showed that women, particularly belong to the poor families are primarily responsible for their domestic roles due to culturally dominated labor division. The study also recommended that women should be involved in emergency planning and disaster management process through ensuring their active participation. The inclusion of greater number of women in the emergency management profession could help in the long term to address disaster risks. Since, the underlying cultural, social, and economic patterns that lead to a low socio-economic status of women and thereby generate their specific susceptibility to disasters. Though, such initiatives have not addressed like their entire adverse impact on socio-economic status in recent literature, the present study is an initiative to address the women’s involvement in preparedness and capacity building at the community level as well as household level which the vulnerable women are striving with the frequent disasters to sustain in the planet.

A conceptual study on national rural drinking water program

It is important to know Rural Drinking Water is the item of State list but For improving the coverage of adequate and safe drinking water for drinking, cooking and other basic needs at the all time and in the each and every situation (even at the time of disaster) to the rural population or household. In this area Ministry of drinking water and sanitation provides technical & financial assistance through a Centrally Sponsored Scheme named ‘National Rural Drinking Water Program (NRDWP)’. The Program was launched on 01.04.2009 and restructured in November 2017 since the program was started in 1972-73 as accelerating rural water supply program.This study was conducted to review the scholarly article and reports to draw a conceptual structure about the scheme with the objective to know the basic fundamentals behind the program, to know the success rate of the program and to know about the barrier to achieving the ultimate goal of the program. A systematic approach was made in this article to capture and draw theoretical base about National rural drinking water program (NRDWP) on the basis of secondary sources. Data were collected from the periodicals, journal articles, governmental report (like as Comptroller and Auditor Journal of India’s report) and non- governmental reports (like different privately funded research institutions report). The present study attempts to portray the conceptual structure of NRDWP in the field of drinking water and sanitation management under the umbrella of sustainable development goal.

Development of the Market of Traditional Food Products in the Lubuskie Region in the Years 2006-2020

Abstract The paper discusses the issue of the development of the market of traditional food products in the Lubuskie province. Legal and institutional aspects of the development of the market are presented and the significance of the system of the European Union is stressed. The analysis was carried out from the point of view of sustainable development of the sector and according to the product structure as well as location of selected elements of the system of distribution. The aim of the paper is to identification and structuring of traditional food products in the Lubuskie region. Types of traditional products manufactured and sold on the market are presented, the research was conducted on the basis of secondary sources by means the analysis of information provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in the years 2006-2020. Changes which have taken place in the system of distribution are shown, and in particular local market places offering direct contact between producers and consumers of regional products. The analysis demonstrates increased interest in this market among regional producers.

The speaker’s gender equality group in the Swedish parliament – a toothless tiger?

ABSTRACT A recent wave of research has engaged with gender-focused bodies within parliament studying their status, organization, and function. One type of body scarcely studied is issue-based parliamentary groups such as the Speaker’s Gender Equality Group in the Swedish Parliament. This article focuses on the form and function of this body, as well as its potentials and pitfalls. On the basis of secondary sources, two waves of interviews with men parliamentarians (MPs) and inside observations the Speaker’s gender equality group is analyzed from the 1990s until today. We conclude that despite lacking formal legislative power, this body has a key symbolic and informal role, manifested in the political will and engaged leadership to ensure that equal working conditions for women and men MPs are promoted. We also find constraints in terms of the limited and general (rather than expert) administrative support as well as the need for consistent authorization.

The Role of Tourism for Employment Generation in Nepal

This study explores the contribution of tourism for employment generation that is also a major part of individual as well as national income. This is a strong pillar of the national income that may promote and upgrade the economic level of the citizens through service sectors. On the basis of secondary sources, this study has been analyzed the trend of employment generation due to tourism industry in government and private levels. Tourism industry helps not only for government level employment like: in Ministry of Tourism (MOT), Nepal Tourism Board (NTB) and Tourism Information Center (TIC) but it supports to the private sectors such as : Star Hotels, Tourist Standard Hotels (TSH), Home Stay (private and community),Tracking Agency, Travel Agency, Rafting Agency, International Airlines, Domestic Airlines, Paragliding, Tourist Transportation, and others( Porter, Guide, cook, Ultra-light) also. Descriptive research design, quantitative research method and average sampling have been applied in this research for proper analysis because of its nature. Secondary data of a decade have been selected and analyzed during this research. Under the guidance of economic growth model, development theory associates with Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Malthus, Karl Marx, and Rostow, has been applied. This study has moreover shown that the trend of employment in tourism sector has been increasing drastically during a decade which has been supported by table no 1, 2 and 3. Analyzing secondary data which was collected during the period of 2008/09 to 2017/18, this study has concluded that inadequate infrastructure, inadequate promoting activities and regularity mechanism, political unrest, lack of skilled human resources and unhealthy competition among tourism establishments were some major barriers faced by the tourism sector for employment generation. This study suggested that the government should develop tourism infrastructure including road, electricity and communication, and tourism promoting activities in government and non-government organizations. There is also an urgent need to invest more on improving hospitality skill of employees for quality tourism in Nepal.

TRENDS IN Y GENERATION’S BEHAVIOUR ON THE FOOD MARKET

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja zachowań pokolenia Y na rynku żywności kontekście dominujących trendów konsumenckich. Realizacji celu artykułu posłużyły studia literaturowe, informacje pochodzące z czasopism branżowych oraz badania bezpośrednie przeprowadzone przez autorów artykułu. Rozpoznania trendów konsumenckich dokonano na podstawie wtórnych źródeł informacji, wykorzystując również raport Top 10 Global Consumer Trends 2019 Euromonitor International. Raport stał się także inspiracją do podjęcia badań bezpośrednich, które zostały zrealizowane techniką ankiety audytoryjnej wśród przedstawicieli pokolenia Y. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań i analiz wskazują, że pokolenie Y określane jako „mniam” to niezwykle ważny podmiot na rynku żywności – duży liczebnie, młody, innowacyjny, aktywny, szybki, wymagający, wyjątkowy oraz bardzo ważny dla podmiotów podaży na rynku żywności. To zachowania tej grupy konsumentów wyznaczają współczesne trendy na rynku i konieczność podejmowania działań zgodnych z tymi trendami w zakresie oferty, jej dostępności, a także różnorodności oraz ceny.

Dr. B R Ambedkar as a Social Worker for the Marginalised Sections

Dr. B R Ambedkar was the global personality with the high constitutional knowledge and knowledge of law. He studied all the progressive constitutions of contemporary life and designed constitution of India, which is the standard constitution of the world. His efforts towards irradiating several social ills, and discrimination on the basis Caste Class color, Gender, race, Language, Geographical location are addressed in his series of speeches and he discover solutions for them through constitutional efforts. His commitment of social change and development was constant and he was restless in giving justice and dignity to the marginalised sections of the society. Non institutional social work practice was started long back in India and it got acceleration after legalized efforts of Ambedkar towards welfare of the marginalised sections. Present paper is the effort to understand the role of Dr. B R Ambedkar as a social worker and Scientist in the empowerment of the deprived and marginalised sections of the society. Descriptive research methodology used for this purpose and paper designed and the basis of secondary sources of data.

Transformation of intimacy and its impact in developing countries

Nowadays intimacy or intimate relationship is very familiar and widely used term all over the world. The term ‘Intimacy’ generally denotes a close interpersonal relationship or feeling of being in a close personal association and belonging together from both physical and mental point of view. It also denotes very close and effective connection with one another which may exist for whole life or may not. This article has been prepared on the basis of secondary sources and it tries to explore how this intimacy or intimate relationship has been gradually transforming from pre-modern society to modern society and from modern society to post-modern society for over the eras. This article also tries to explore the impact of transformed intimacy or intimate relationship, especially in the developing countries, like Bangladesh. Intimate relationship plays very significant role in the overall life style of any human being. This relationship includes feelings of liking, romance, sexuality or sexual relationship, emotional or personal support between mates. But the role of sexuality or sexual relationship is gradually increasing in intimacy, not only in the western countries but also in the developing countries. Nowadays people are involved with many kinds of premarital and extramarital relationships and they try to avoid the risk of reproduction. This tendency creates many problems in the developing countries, as most of the people of such developing countries are poor and illiterate. They are not aware about the dangerous impact of unsafe physical or sexual relationship. So the people of developing countries like Bangladesh are very vulnerable in the aspect of erosion of values and spreading different types of sexually transmitted diseases.

Nematodes Relevance in Soil Quality Management and their Significance as Biomarkers in Aquatic Substrates: Review.

The interaction of man with the ecosystem is a major factor causing environmental pollution and its attendant consequences such as climate change in our world today. Patents relating to nematodes' relevance in soil quality management and their significance as biomarkers in aquatic substrates were reviewed. Nematodes are useful in rapid, easy and inexpensive method for testing the toxicity of substance (e.g. aquatic substrates). This review paper sets out to examine and discuss the issue of soil pollution, functions of nematodes in soil and aquatic substrates as well as bio-indicators in soil health management in terrestrial ecology. The information used were on the basis of secondary sources from previous research. It is abundantly clear that the population dynamics of plant parasitic or free-living nematodes have useful potentials as biomonitor for soil health and other forms of environmental contamination through agricultural activities, industrial pollution and oil spillage, and the analysis of nematode community structure could be used as complementary information obtained from conventional soil testing approaches.

Responding to Social Responsibilities and Ethics - A Study of Refractory Industry in Odisha

Businesses work in a wide social environment in which they have a responsibility to a range of stakeholders including the community. The term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to the responsibility that modern business organizations have to creating a healthy and prosperous society. Ethical practices in refractory marketing help marketers distinguish between right and wrong behavior. Adherence to ethics is essential in industrial markets as mutual trust among buyers and sellers is the key to long-term success. Marketing has evolved from a production-centric approach to a societal marketing approach that lays greater emphasis on the ethical issues in marketing. With the advent of globalization, corporations continue to evolve, grow in power, and influence the process of consolidation. Corporations are in positions of power that allow them to do greater damage to others when they act unethically or socially in an irresponsible manner. The rights theory encompasses a variety of ethical philosophies holding that certain human rights are fundamental and must be respected by other humans. The economic theories of the firm cannot be segregated of ethical considerations as they have crucial impact on how the firm concentrates on economic power, formulate the rules of law. Profit maximisation has always been the driving force and an undercurrent behind the development of corporate. But profit is not made in vacuum, it always has an associated cost, some of which is always externalized (Rhee, 2008). Corporate law has an ethical foundation and the debate on values necessarily revolves round the activities of the firm. This research paper on the basis of secondary sources of data collected from reports, research papers and Internet, focuses on corporate social responsibility (CSR) of TATA Group with reference to Tata Krosaki Refractories Ltd, Bajoria Group with reference to IFGL Refractories Ltd (Odisha), OCL Refractories Ltd, Sarvesh Refractories, and Manishree Refractories (Odisha). The study intends to understand the scope of corporate social responsibility and get an insight in CSR and ethical practices in the light of the case study of the refractory industries in Odisha.

Gender Issues in Disaster: Understanding the Relationships of Vulnerability, Preparedness and Capacity

The aim of the study is to explore the gender issues in disaster and to understand the relationships between vulnerability, preparedness and capacity following a qualitative method on the basis of secondary sources. The study notes that the women living in coastal areas are facing more difficulties due to the complexity of atmosphere where their activities are not properly recognized in disaster planning and management. However, the study showed that women, particularly belong to the poor families are primarily responsible for their domestic roles due to culturally dominated labour division. The study also recommended that women should be involved in emergency planning and disaster management process through ensuring their active participation. The inclusion of greater number of women in the emergency management profession could help in the long term to address disaster risks. Since, the underlying cultural, social, and economic patterns that lead to a low socio-economic status of women and thereby generate their specific vulnerability to disasters. Though, such initiatives have not addressed like their entire adverse impact on socio-economic status in recent literature, the present study is an initiative to address the women's involvement in preparedness and capacity building at the community level as well as household level which the vulnerable women are striving with the frequent disasters to sustain in the planet.

From an Empire to a Nation State: Importing the Concept of Nation into Ottoman/Turkish Thinking

During importation processes of concepts, the target context and the agents involved in these processes are central and shape the imported ideas. Hereby, translation, both in its narrow and broader senses, plays an important role. The aim of this article is to present preliminary research results on the importation process of the concept ofnationinto the Ottoman/Turkish culture as the target culture. The article provides research results gained from the analysis of dictionaries as well as of texts written by important figures of Turkish nationalism during the last decades of the Ottoman Empire. The research covers first-hand analysis of key texts by Yusuf Akçura and Ziya Gökalp whereby the use of the concept of ‘nation’ by other key figures are discussed on the basis of secondary sources. The analysis also includes translations. This study, which is linked to a study on the concept of ‘culture,’ was based on an interdisciplinary approach relying on the perspectives and notions of translation studies and on methodology developed in conceptual history. The theoretical framework and methodology adopted in this study are exposed in the first part, whilst the second part presents and discusses the research results.

Subsidiary power in multinational corporations: the subtle role of micro‐political bargaining power

PurposeAs subsidiary power has received relatively little attention in existing research, this paper aims to enhance the understanding of genuine sources of subsidiary power and how they work in headquarters‐subsidiary relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a review of the relevant literature and four illustrative case studies, which are written on the basis of secondary sources. Each case was selected because it adequately represents a particular type of power. This allows for cross‐case comparisons of the strengths and sustainability of different types of power, and facilitates the exploration of the application of subsidiary power in headquarters‐subsidiary relationships.FindingsFour genuine types of subsidiary power are identified. One of these – micro‐political bargaining power – plays a subtle but crucial role, as it is important in the enactment of the three other types of power, i.e. systemic, resource‐dependency, and institutional.Practical implicationsAs headquarters have unlimited access to formal power, subsidiaries find it necessary to constantly apply micro‐political bargaining power. The empirical material suggests that the effectiveness of micro‐political bargaining power for subsidiary actors is based on two factors: information retrieval from headquarters and the leveraging of such information in issue‐selling or conflict‐handling processes.Originality/valueThe paper contributes by theoretically delineating genuine types of subsidiary power and by illustrating the strength, sustainability and interaction of these types of power in headquarters‐subsidiary relationships.

El capitán Martín de Palomar, regidor, encomendero y benefactor: su testamento (Mérida, Yucatán, 1611)

A falta de documentos originales, la fundación del colegio jesuita de Mérida, Yucatán, en 1618, suele tratarse a partir de fuentes secundarias, como las crónicas. El hallazgo del testamento del fundador, el capitán Martín de Palomar (1538-1611), permite esclarecer las circunstancias del proceso fundacional y aporta insospechadas luces sobre la personalidad y actividades del mecenas, quien además realizó notables legados píos, en favor de Yucatán y de Medina del Campo, su ciudad natal. El estudio introductorio informa acerca de Palomar y su familia, de algunas de sus actividades como regidor de Mérida, encomendero y mercader, y da cuenta de los consejeros que lo animaron a donar parte de su notable fortuna para erigir el colegio, y los primeros pasos hacia su creación. A modo de apéndice se publican dos piezas legales complementarias: el contrato de donación y de la cédula real que aprobó la medida.

Calculation of a point source radiation in a flat or non-flat stratified background: an alternative to Sommerfeld integrals

In this paper, we present an alternative method to Sommerfeld integrals for the calculation of a point source radiation in a multilayered background, based on the method of auxiliary sources, also called fictitious sources method. The method lies upon the decomposition of reflected and transmitted fields on a basis of secondary sources, which amplitudes are determined by applying boundary conditions at each multilayer interface, solving an over-determined system of equations. We present a generalization of the classical FSM to open stratified domains, with arbitrary number of layers and arbitrary position of the point source in the multilayer. Two and three dimensional formalisms are proposed, and compared to exact Sommerfeld formulation. Computation time reduction factors as high as 100 are obtained for 2D problems. Moreover, this method enables the study of non-flat interfaces, which is not possible with Sommerfeld approach. This method can be used for example in order to determine radiation efficiency of emitting devices, or it can be integrated in discrete source type electromagnetic methods for calculation of scattering by a complex target.

Redes e teias na gestão compartilhada dos consórcios operacionais de empresas de ônibus de Porto Alegre

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os consorcios de operação formados por empresas prestadoras de serviço público de transporte de passageiros por ônibus no municipio de Porto Alegre, na década de 1990. O estudo se propõe a investigar se os benefícios assegurados pelo modelo de organizações em rede podem ser estendidos a esses consorcios gaúchos. Buscou-se, também, caracterizar a estrutura de organização e entender o seu processo de formação. A pesquisa se desenvolveu com base em fontes secundárias e a partir de entrevistas com informantes-chave do sistema de transporte local, empresários consorciados, gestores públicos e representantes dos trabalhadores do setor. O estudo mostra que a experiência dos consórcios gaúchos apresenta resultados interessantes, sobretudo, nos seus aspectos institucionais e de negociação. Entretanto, o modelo se traduz, apenas, numa representação imatura ou incompleta do modelo de organizações em rede, não estando pronto para usufruir todas as suas vantagens, inclusive, no que tange à sua continuidade.