Basis Of Information Technologies Research Articles

FORECASTING FIRE RISK VALUES USING MACHINE LEARNING AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

The probability of occurrence of emergencies and their consequences can be minimized by predicting events that contribute to the emergence of such a situation. An optimal and useful tool for such prediction and forecasting can be modeling, which can be carried out on the basis of information technology using computer programs.The methods of modeling and forecasting emergencies related to fires are the same as for other emergencies, but there are some specifics. The forecast of emergencies related to fires is aimed at three main stages: 1. forecasting the probability of occurrence with the determination of the place of the highest probability of fire occurrence, time and factors contributing to it; 2. forecasting the development of the situation and the spread of the fire (direction, speed) when it occurs, the process itself; 3. forecasting the consequences of a fire at a specific facility.The forecast is made based on the analysis of all possible unfavorable factors, their fields of action, features of the facility, its fire hazard and other data.The use of machine learning methods and time series analysis for forecasting fire risk values is substantiated. The possibility of using statistical methods of mathematical modeling of fire occurrence as the basis of the machine learning model is noted. This approach enables the machine learning model to process and analyze a large amount of statistical information for specific time periods and issue forecasts.

Informational and analytical model for assessing the level of tourist satisfaction with accommodation facilities

Income from the tourism business directly depends on meeting the needs of consumers and their psychology. Individual and collective marketing psychology for the innovative development of the tourism industry depends on many factors. One of these factors is belonging to a social class, for example by gender, age, education, marital status, annual income, and others. The presented study is aimed at supporting decision-making regarding the assessment of the level of satisfaction of tourists from accommodation facilities according to social class, which reflects the individual and collective psychology of consumers. The purpose of the conducted research is to develop an information-analytical model for assessing the level of satisfaction of tourists concerning accommodation facilities according to social class, using the example of the Transcarpathia Region. For this purpose: informational and mathematical models of evaluation and forecasting of the level of satisfaction of tourists concerning accommodation establishments, relative to social classes, have been developed; the model was verified and adjusted on real data in Transcarpathia, Lviv, and Ivano-Frankivsk regions, which were collected from 327 respondents for the period 2020-2023; an approbation example of a fuzzy model for assessing the level of tourist satisfaction with accommodation facilities for the Transcarpathian region is given based on fragments of data from 209 respondents. The research uses the modern theory of fuzzy sets, linguistic variables, multidimensional membership functions, and system analysis, which make it possible to increase the degree of reasonableness of management decisions. Based on initial evaluations, the degree of validity of using various decisionsupport scenarios by various management subjects increases. Such scenarios can be: on the part of the tourist to improve the quality of travel planning, on the part of commercial companies to improve the quality of their services, and on the part of state authorities to understand the level of development of accommodation facilities. Further research of the problem can be seen in developing other fuzzy models and methods of assessing the level of tourism in selected regions through the psychology of consumers. The research presented and the models and methods developed in the future will serve as the basis of information technology for decision-making support for the digital transformation of the tourism industry, based on the individual and collective psychology of tourist marketing.

Appreciation of Marine Literature and the Training of Crew Quality in Maritime Universities under the View of Information-based Technology

Appreciation of Marine Literature and the Training of Crew Quality in Maritime Universities under the View of Information-based Technology

Study on the Improvement of Educational Management and Teaching in the Context of Education Informatization

Information technology has been advancing rapidly, allowing education informatization and the improvement of educational management and teaching. This paper describes the relationship between educational management and teaching through a literature review and inductive summarization. Besides, the significance of improving education management and teaching under the background of information technology and the challenges faced in applying information technology in education are also discussed in this paper. Several educational management strategies on the basis of information technology are proposed in this paper. This includes diversifying education management bodies and building hybrid teaching modes, so as to help colleges improve their education management and teaching.

Автоматизация и цифровизация ультразвуковых технологических процессов

Having analyzed the literature sources, it is revealed that digital production includes not only full automation of production processes, but also the creation of a multi-level infrastructure for their control on the basis of information technologies. Technical solutions based on this approach will significantly intensify production processes. The possibilities of automation and digitalization of ultrasonic technological processes are viewed through the creation of a hardware and software com-plex that includes technological and measuring equipment, as well as software to select the most effective technical solu-tions. Some general principles of creating ultrasonic technologies are substantiated, their stages of development include setting the task, analysis of the processing object, selection of the processing scheme and equipment, process control and quality monitoring. Methodological approaches to the implementation of production processes with a multi-level process control infrastructure based on information technologies are proposed. Examples of developed software products are given, with the help of which search engine optimization methods are used to select equipment and rational processing modes. It shows not only the possibility of using automated technology, but also the creation of a self-learning technological system based on it. The development and creation of equipment for the implementation of the proposed technical solutions has in its basis general principles of using numerical control software. The proposed algorithm can be used for a wide range of ultra-sonic technologies: cleaning, surface plastic deformation, coating, cutting, etc. In addition, the combination of the choice of technical and information solutions makes quick switch from one type of processing to another possible. Recommendations on the implementation of the proposed technical and information solutions are given.

The Concept of the Aerospace System in the Context of Training Specialists to Ensure the Complex of Its Management Tasks and the Application of Information Technologies

Background. The defining trends of technical progress are the development of information technologies and revolutionary approaches to the practical use of space. In aviation, there are breakthroughs in the creation of a variety of technical implementations of aviation equipment and its application. Increasingly close interaction between aviation and space systems at the level of service provision, joint problem solving. The transition to large aerospace systems connected into a single entity on the basis of information technologies and having the function of supplying information technologies is not far away. The training of specialists in the creation and operation of aerospace systems is becoming an increasingly urgent task and should be several steps ahead of the latest achievements in this direction. 
 Objective: conceptual developments regarding the creation of an aerospace system and educational programs for training specialists in solving the problems of managing its aircraft and their target equipment, this system management, application and production of information technologies in the system. 
 Methods. Results. On the basis of the analysis of the development of tasks and technologies in the field of space and aviation technology and the prospects of their combination, the concept of a single aerospace system is proposed with an emphasis on the complex of issues of managing such a system, on information technologies in this system. In the context of the creation, development and operation of the aerospace system, the features and common features of three types of educational programs are highlighted, grouped by preparation for the corresponding groups of tasks: management in space systems; management in aviation systems; provision of the aerospace system with information technologies and (or) providing information technology by the system. The content of the educational material within the framework of the mentioned educational programs is generally considered.
 Conclusions. The materials of the article are aimed at improving the mentioned educational programs.

Construction and Research of the Virtual Teaching and Research Office of "Weapon Aesthetics"

In order to improve teaching quality, raise the academic bar for teaching and research, and foster the development of creative talent, colleges and universities have undergone a significant transformation in the form of the virtual teaching and research office. The virtual teaching and research office of the weapon aesthetics course group is founded on the basis of information technology, which promotes the development of weapon aesthetics and raises the standard of instruction through research projects and multimodal instruction, cross-specialty the weapons aesthetics course group building, the expansion and integration of teaching resource library, and the leadership of first-class professional teachers. The results of the study show that students are satisfied with the teaching model as a whole, and are especially satisfied with the quality of teaching resources.

Law Enforcement in the Protection of Children Victims of Online Child Grooming Cyberspace during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Information-based technology is one form of the era that is always there and provides benefits, namely facilitating the activities of all levels of society, including children. Internet or cyberspace is another name for information-based technology, the reach of the internet itself is wide, and therefore even minors can access it. Child grooming is a type of crime that is either the result of the expansion of cyber-crime grooming or an approach to deception. The mode used by the perpetrator in carrying out grooming is by starting to build a relationship with the victim, then creating the victim's trust in the perpetrator, the birth of the victim's trust in the perpetrator because of the emotional relationship that exists between the victim and the perpetrator. This study wants to analyze how the practice of sexual crimes during the covid -19 pandemic in Indonesia and how the role of the ITE Law in protecting children as victims of crime during the covid-19 pandemic. The method used by the author is juridical-normative. The results obtained are that the practice of child grooming crimes during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Indonesia tends to increase, this is due to the intensity of using gadgets on children more than before the pandemic, and this is due to the government's policy, namely distance learning.

Strategist of the libraries of the future. To the 70th anniversary of Yakov L. Shrayberg

Ensuring the sustainable development of Russia in a dynamic, controversial and diverse world requires a creative approach on the part of library strategists who are aware of their responsibility for the preservation of cultural heritage and the future development of Russian civilization. Against the background of the creative activity of one of the brightest representatives of the cohort of modern library strategists, Yakov Leonidovich Shrayberg, the dynamics of library strategies in Russia is shown, including their origin, current state and problems of the strategy of the future. Strategy is defined as a prudently designed long-term program of organized action that ensures the effective use of available resources to achieve desired goals. The article considers the formation of the personality of a library strategist in the conditions of the State Public Library for Science and Technology of Russia, which includes two strategic goals: firstly, on the basis of information technologies, to actively promote the growth of the social significance of libraries, increase their contribution to the development of education, science and culture, to the formation of social harmony and political stability; secondly, the preservation of the traditional book and traditional library in the future based on their coexistence with electronic libraries. Depending on the semantic orientation, three types of strategies are distinguished: a) global, solving the problems of all mankind; b) national, covering regionally limited state and socio-ethnic issues; c) sectoral, focused on individual sectors of national production and culture. Relationships between library strategies and other global, national and sectoral strategies are shown. It is concluded that it is necessary to strengthen the humanistic orientation of library strategies.

Динамика производительности труда стран мира и суть четвертой промышленной революции

The third and fourth industrial revolutions are developing on the basis of information technology. The main technologies within the fourth industrial revolution, which began at the turn of the 21st century, are cyberphysical systems, the Internet of things and cloud computing. Any industrial revolution implies a rapid increase in labor productivity. However, in most countries, the average annual growth rate of gross value added per person employed in industry, including energy, has been steadily declining over the past 30 years, and in a number of countries in the 2010s, they were negative. Those states that in the 2000s, accelerated the growth rate of gross value added per employed person compared to the 1990s, in the 2010s they reduced them to a level less than in the 1990s. The average annual GDP growth rate at PPP per hour worked also showed a slowdown in the 21st century. The fourth industrial revolution has as its main consequence increased digital control over citizens and enterprises. In industry and agriculture, a decrease in production volumes and a reduction in employment is predicted. The discourse of the fourth industrial revolution seems to have as its goal the formation of a positive perception of digitalization technologies and total control by humanity.

Application of Riskology Approaches for the Three-Continuum Model of Business Risk Management in the Value System of Sustainable Development

The article deals with the issues related to the application of riskology approaches for the three-continuum model of business risk management in the value system of sustainable development. Based on the research results, information and computer technology were developed to determine the effectiveness of the innovative project of a business structure regarding the management of economic processes and business risks in the system of sustainable development. The basis of information technology is a three-continuum econometric model of operations, taking into account the quality function, balance ratios for information and financial flows, which describe procedures for managing business risks by the concept of sustainable development of business structures. Limiting ratios of ecological nature and effectiveness criteria of the management system are proposed for the innovative project, which take into account: a) revenue norms; b) risks; c) volume of investments; d) capital return of fixed assets of the enterprise; e) the share of the company’s funds spent on improving the qualifications and competence of workers and management personnel.

Application of Computer 3D Modeling Technology in the Simulation Design of Modern Garden Ecological Landscape

Modern landscape design not only needs creativity but also needs auxiliary tools that can predict the design effect, so as to ensure that the deficiencies can be found through the renderings before the landscape is completed, and targeted rectification can be carried out. At present, the research of landscape planning and design assisted by virtual reality technology in China is basically in its infancy. The rapid development of information-based computer technology, powerful 3D modeling, and solid rendering and animation functions have created a good environment for landscape design, so landscape design is inseparable from the help of computer-aided design technology. However, the conventional method to model and simulate the landscape is rather time-consuming. Based on the research on the application of computer-aided design technology in landscape design, the computer-aided design technology is briefly explained, and the application of computer-aided landscape design is explored step by step.

Organizing Educational Processes On The Basis Of Information Technology

Our Republic is also moving towards an informed society due to independence. This issue is one ofthe first issues in the focus of our President and government. Today, the Internet has emerged as a fast andreliable source of information. The development of the information world has undergone dramatic changes andnew information technologies have emerged. There has been a lot of talk lately about the Internet, itscapabilities, and e-mail. The terms "computer" and "internet" are becoming everyday popular terms.

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОХРАНОЙ ЛЕСОВ НА БАЗЕ МОНИТОРИНГА ЛЕСНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ

The article analyzes measures to improve the effectiveness of management of forest protection from fires on the basis of information technology. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the existing system of management of forest protection from fires, identifying the main management problems and forming recommendations to improve the existing system on the basis of digital technology. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in recent years there has been a large number of forest fires, which brings irreparable damage to the Russian economy, so the question of the effectiveness of today's forest fire prevention system in our country is urgent. Innovative tools to improve the fight against forest fires are digital technologies. As part of the study of measures to improve the effectiveness of forest fire protection management clarified the conceptual apparatus, considered the concept of "digital technology", "forest fire". Based on the analysis of forest fire management, measures based on digital technology, which will improve the fire situation in the territory of forestry in the Russian Federation. Fighting forest fires is a dangerous job, which requires instant decisions based on immediately available information. The main digital tools used for fire protection are drones, laser scanning remote sensing of forests. The use of these tools will make it possible to quickly and smoothly determine the onset of forest fires, their area and determine on this basis the activities of fire departments and forestry organizations sequence of actions to eliminate forest fires. The more accurate real-time data firefighters have, such as fire location and condition, the location of hazards, and the number of forests covered by fire, the greater the probability of saving forests and the animals that live in their territory, ensuring the safety of firefighters and limiting fire damage. Consequently, digital technology, when fighting a forest fire, is the main and most important tool, and its implementation will reduce the risk of fire and damage from it.

Microlearning in Forming the Students' English Competencies with VR Involvement

Every year the problem of higher educational establishments’ modernization, introduction of the newest methods and strategies of educational process reorganization, estimation of achievements in the context of information technologies becomes more and more urgent. The situation with the COVID-2019 pandemic has demonstrated the need to involve additional information approaches to teaching within the system of blended learning in higher educational establishments. As a result, the question arises: what mechanisms can be used to make learning effective? The article reveals the concept of “microlearning” as the latest approach in education and identifies its key tools in formation of English-language competencies in university students. The study found that microlearning can be an effective complement to traditional learning, as it extends the learning process beyond the classroom on the basis of information technology, allows consolidating virtually and deepening the knowledge gained during practical classes, and provokes students to daily communication outside the establishment through social network. Moreover, we propose a strategy for implementation of microlearning on the example of the educational process at Kherson State Maritime Academy through interaction of practical classes in the line of communicative-competency approach, virtual and online learning on the principle of rotation.

Research of Toponyms of the Irkutsk Region Using the Method of Artificial Intelligence

Essential issues of toponymy presuppose studying separate words to reconstruct the denotative meaning of geographical names that were lost in the modern language and to find out how the peculiarities of the local topography, the inhabitants’ activities, etc. are reflected in them. It is possible to solve this kind of problems using intellectual methods of data analysis on the basis of information technologies. However, in scientific literature on toponymy, such methods are practically ignored. The article is devoted to the study of the origin and semantic meanings of geographical names based on finding semantic associates and calculating the semantic similarity of words using the embedding model. According to the proposed method, the origin of some toponyms of the Irkutsk region was determined, their semantic relations were revealed. The dichotomy method was used for toponyms that have two roots in their structure. This made it possible to improve the operation of the model by clarifying the morphemic composition of the original word. The method of word transformation was used to determine the etymology of the toponym «Moscow». We have received new versions of the origin of the toponym. It is shown that the application of the methods based on distributive semantics and vector representation of words, obtained on the basis of large arrays of text data, significantly expands the possibilities of research in the field of determining the origin of toponyms and clarifying their meaning.

Transformation of agriculture in the digital economy

The agricultural sector of the Russian economy is developing under the influence of digital technologies that contribute to the growth of competitiveness, which determines the relevance of this study. The Russian market of agricultural products is currently under economic sanctions that restrict trade and economic turnover and external relations. Despite the geo-political pressure, agriculture in the federal subjects of the country is successfully developing due to the purposeful course of the state on the systematic technological modernization of the industry. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has developed a project "Digital Agriculture", due to which it is possible to develop the industry on the basis of information technologies, and active work in this direction is carried out at the regional level. The dependence of agricultural producers on foreign technologies still persists. The introduction of digital solutions and equipment of domestic production will significantly increase the pace of the production intensification and the competitiveness of products, since the agricultural complex of the country has high potential. The article presents a study of the impact of innovative digital technologies on the development of agricultural production. The author applied general logical methods, systematization and scientific approaches to the analysis of the formation of the digital economy in the framework of increasing the production efficiency and improving the indicators of the agrarian economy as a whole. As a result, it was noted that the digital transformation of agriculture contributes to the modernization of production and high rates of its intensification, optimization of key business processes, and the improvement of financial and economic indicators of the industry enterprises. Digital solutions will have a positive impact on the quality of the production cycle stages, reducing the need for various types of resources and energy, and creating safe conditions for agricultural work. At the moment, there is an accumulation of successful experience in the implementation of digital solutions in the field of agricultural production, which is based on a project approach that unites various subjects of regional markets. Large agricultural holdings are implementing innovations at a faster pace, as they positively assess the planned effects. Positive dynamics in the management of business processes of industrial enterprises is provided by innovative technologies for monitoring the internal environment and conditions in which the preparation and organization of agricultural work is carried out.

Optimization and Simulation of Virtual Experiment System of Human Sports Science Based on VR

Virtual reality technology is an emerging technology developed on the basis of information technology. It is widely used in military, medical, mining, entertainment, and other fields. Therefore, many countries have been vigorously conducting research in recent years. As one of the important components of the virtual reality system, the three-dimensional human motion tracking system is of great significance to the research of practical virtual reality systems. It introduces the measurement principle of the spatial three-dimensional coordinate dynamic measurement device and discusses in detail the ultrasonic transmission, reception, amplification, filtering, comparison, shaping circuit, and single-chip interface circuit. This paper introduces the working principle and characteristics of the virtual experiment system and gives the structure diagram, hardware schematic diagram, and software flow diagram of the system. We mainly study the method of tracking human motion by measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the space point, which lays a good foundation for the research of the actual three-dimensional motion tracking system. At the same time, the three-dimensional human body modeling is discussed, and the interactive movement policy of the human arm is briefly introduced. It has a certain effect on the actual virtual reality human-computer interaction system.

Information technology for evaluating spline regression parameters when processing data on air pollution in the GIS «AIRNORM»

A feature of the tasks associated with the spread of harmful substances in the natural environment is the presence of a large number of parameters that affect the migration of im-purities. Mathematical models of varying complexity are used to describe such processes. The task of air monitoring by industrial enterprises is to collect, process the parameters of atmospheric pollution in the local area and develop, based on the results, conclusions regarding decision-making on the ecological state of both the industrial site and adjacent residential areas. An improved method of data approximation using piecewise polynomial regression is presented. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to increase the adequacy of determining the boundaries with a sharp change in the concentration of a harmful substance, improves the accuracy of the constructed models of the release of a substance into the atmospheric air and more accurately assess the scale of pollution. The developed methods allow visualization of the obtained data to increase the information content in assessing the pollution of a certain area.Along with mathematical models, when assessing the level of pollution, geographic in-formation systems (GIS) are used as a powerful tool that provides: collection, storage, pro-cessing, display of data, analysis, assessment, forecast of the state of the environment of a territorial community. The methods and algorithms described in the article form the basis of information technology and software for solving the scientific and technical problem of visual and analytical analysis of atmospheric air pollution data in the GIS «AirNorm». With the help of this GIS, the results of a computational experiment carried out on the indicators of the level of emission of NH3 for the source V-109 at the State Research and Production Enterprise (GNPP) «Zirkoniy» m. Kamenskoye were obtained and presented.

Avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software: testing a seven-component model on SME employees

PurposeThis research aims to develop and test a conceptual model for shaping small and medium enterprise (SME) employees' avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software. The model specifies the components of morality, spirituality, emotional intelligence and ethical values that influence employees' avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework was developed and tested on the basis of information technology and management literature by using data from 275 influential and active employees of SMEs. Data were collected via a survey and analysed through covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM).FindingsIn the context of SMEs, employees' avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software is motivated by significant moral antecedents. Moral equity and judgement significantly influence employees' avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software when moral emotion mediates such a relationship. In addition, individual spirituality significantly moderates the relationship between moral equity and moral emotion. Employees' emotional intelligence optimises the strength of the relationship between moral judgement and moral emotion. Employees' likelihood to engage in unethical behaviour decreases when they exhibit strong ethical values in the relationship between moral emotion and their behaviour towards using pirated software.Research limitations/implicationsThis study offers theoretical support for employees' avoidance behaviour towards using pirated software. The findings of this cross-sectional work have limited generalisability. Single-country data may not be generalised to SME employees in other countries. Thus, cross-country analysis and additional measures and antecedents must be developed and identified in the future.Practical implicationsPolicymakers and managers should consciously review the proposed seven-component model that causes SME employees to avoid the use of pirated software. Ethical standards that lessen the use of pirated software can be improved if managers and policymakers understand the components of moral equity and judgement that influence moral emotions.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the specific antecedents of the ethical standards and avoidance behaviours of SME employees towards the use of pirated software. As such, it provides a foundation for further studies on this critical area and software piracy in the context of SMEs in an emerging economy, which is limited in current literature.