Basis Of Grains Research Articles

Dynamic dependence of futures basis between the Chinese and international grains markets

Basis trading has emerged as a prominent trading strategy in the global grains markets. Understanding basis trading dynamics in this context requires an investigation of the interrelationships among futures basis values across different markets. Using data of corn and wheat over the period 2012–2022, we investigate the high-dimensional linkages of basis at various frequencies between the Chinese and international grains markets. We find a strong positive dynamic correlation between the basis of grains in international markets. However, the basis of Chinese corn (and wheat) exhibits weaker positive correlations with their international counterparts. Our further exploration uncovers temporal variations in the multi-dimensional interdependence structures among these basis values, with the international corn consistently occupying a pivotal central position. Given China's preeminent status as a grain importer, the implications of our study extend to the realm of adept risk management in the context of global grain trading amid an uncertain world.

A brick layer model for surface conduction in porous ceramics

We provide herein a review and in-depth derivation and discussion of a surface brick layer model (SBLM) that scales the conductance of a surface layer – such as protonic conductance in adsorbed water – and the macroscopic conductivity for the porous material. The model is derived on basis of grains and pores of similar sizes and will be most realistic for porous compacts or loosely sintered ceramics of isotropic grains, although it still provides order-of-magnitude guidance also for textured or less porous materials. Brief comparison is made with other relevant models and literature. The model is illustrated and evaluated with data primarily from measurements of surface protonic conduction in porous nanoscopic ceramic oxides.

Interspecific competition and productivity in a dryland silage maize/alfalfa intercropping system

AbstractCereal–legume intercropping has the potential to reduce the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and increase forage yield and quality, however, how to optimize system design to fully realize interspecific complementary and enhance crop production in an annual and perennial crops intercropping was not well understood. This study was conducted to evaluate the interspecific interaction and yield performance of silage maize (Zea mays L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) intercropping in response to N management and row arrangement under the rain‐fed conditions on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Five planting arrangements, namely, sole maize, sole alfalfa, and maize and alfalfa intercropping in rows of 1:2 (I12), 2:2 (I22), and 2:4 (I24), were compared over a period of 4 years (2018–2021). Two N‐levels (150 and 90 kg N ha−1) were applied to maize in each planting arrangement. Our results show that maize was the dominant species in 2018. In the next 3 years (2019–2021), maize was outcompeted by alfalfa during the first and second cuts of alfalfa, and complete recovery growth of maize was recorded at the third cut. The interspecific competition of I24 was less severe, resulting in a higher yield than I12 and I22. Although the reduction of N application reduced the biomass and crude protein (CP) yield, it weakened the interspecific competition and substantially increased the land equivalent ratio (LER). I24 under low N yielded more than sole cropping, with the LER based on biomass and CP yield of 1.01–1.12 and 1.08–1.18, respectively. In addition, I24 had the highest net revenue of 24,251 ¥ ha−1 on average. Therefore, maize/alfalfa intercrop with a higher alfalfa proportion and a wide strip arrangement (I24) in combination with low N application could alleviate interspecific competition and improve forage production, which is suggested for our study region and similar dryland farming areas worldwide. Maize/alfalfa intercropping provides a basis for grain and livestock mixed farming and helps to improve food supply and resilience of the farming system.

Seasonal variation of the effect of extremely diluted agitated gibberellic acid (10-30) on wheat seedling development

Objective: Performing a study on a wheat growth bio assay with a homeopathic dilution of gibberellic acid at different seasons of the year.
 Methods: Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, Capo variety) were observed under the influence of extremely diluted gibberellic acid (10-30, 30x). Analogously prepared water was used for control. 15 experiments were performed, 9 in autumn season (5 researchers, 4,440 grains per group), and 6 in winter / spring (4 researchers, with 3,140 grains per group).
 Results: All 9 autumn experiments showed less stalk growth in the verum group (p > 0.01 in 4 cases, p > 0.05 in 3, trend in 2 cases). Mean stalk lengths (mm) were 46.97 + 20.50 for verum and 50.66 + 19.77 for control at grain level (N = 4,440 per group) and + 3.87 and + 3.38 respectively at dish level (217 cohorts of 20 or 25 grains per treatment group). Verum stalk length (92.72%) was 7.28% smaller than control stalk length (100%). In contrast, no reliable effect was found in experiments performed in winter / spring (less stalk growth in 1 case, no difference in 1, more growth in 3 cases). Overall verum stalk length (103.64%) was 3.64% slightly greater than control stalk length (100%). Data were found to be homogeneous within the control groups as well as within the verum groups.
 Conclusion: Results suggest that especially in the experiments performed in autumn, there was an influence of gibberellic acid 30x on wheat seedling development. The effect size is small when calculation is done on the basis of grains (d = 0.18) but high when done on the basis of dishes (d = 1.02). In contrast, no reliable effect was found in experiments performed in winter / spring. Further experiments should thus be performed in the autumn season.

Evaluation of the environmental effects of intensive land consolidation: A field-based case study of the Chinese Loess Plateau

The large-scale implementation of the Grain for Green project on the Chinese Loess Plateau since 1999 has greatly increased the vegetation coverage and rapidly decreased the agricultural land by converting slope cropland to planted vegetation (forest and grasslands). However, the geological, hydrological, ecological, and agricultural effects of the Gully Land Consolidation (GLC) project launched at Yan’an City in 2011 to address these land-use problems are not clearly understood. To assess the project outcomes in this region, we examined 71 of the 193 subprojects (61 treated gullies and 10 untreated gullies); measured geological, hydrological, ecological, and agricultural indices in the field; and tested disturbed (n = 447) and undisturbed (n = 142) soil samples (e.g., particle size distribution, saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, and heavy metal contents). We found that: (1) slope stability improved for 67 % of the subprojects, (2) severe swamping was found only for 2 % of the subprojects, (3) the average increase in NDVI was 0.0231, 69 % of treated gullies NDVI was increased, and (4) crop yield was overall improved. There were no significant differences between the treated and untreated gullies in soil texture, saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, or heavy metal contents (Cr, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb), although particle size contents (range of 0.05 mm – 0.20 mm) differed significantly (p < 0.05). To promote successful gully land consolidation, the GLC project should (1) prioritize slope stability and long-term maintenance of water preservation facilities in gullies, (2) use bioengineering to accelerate the maturation of newly created land, or develop new cropping system after the GLC project; (3) on the basis of Grain for Green, integrate the GLC project, and modern agriculture to be complementary.

STUDY OF DIRECT RESPONSE AND RELATED TO THE EARLY SELECTION OF DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM DESF.) GENOTYPES GROWING UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

This study which was leaded in agricultural experimental station of technical field crops institute (TFCI), (ITGC in French) of Setif, East Algeria. The objective of this study is to evaluate the direct response and related to two F4 and F5 generations for the early selection of three hybrids viz., Ofanto/MBB, Ofanto/Waha, and Ofanto/Mrb5 of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) growing under semi-arid conditions. Analysis of variance shows the presence of genetic changes for all measured traits in parents. Direct and indirect early selection of crossbreeds of these three advanced generations shows that the same character taken as a selection criterion gives increased effectiveness for some traits in crossing without other. By comparison between the observed increases in grain yield, the highest increases in gain yield were chosen by selection on the basis of grain and economic yield, number of ears and indexes (DSI, SWI). The following up of response of lines with high grain yield indicates (G x E) interaction for most lines. Among these three hybrids, Ofanto/MBB combined most desirable characters (Production, resistance etc.) by lowering of canopy temperature (CT) and increasing of grain yield. Linear regression analysis (R2) shows a highly significant correlation between grain and economic yield (R2aamp;gt;0,900) and the number of spikes (R2aamp;gt;0,670), contrariwise no correlation between productive traits and those of resistance. The results of this study proved that the advanced line Ofanto/MBB has combined more desirable traits (Productivity and resistance, ext.) by lowering of a canopy temperature (CT) and increasing of grain yield.

Науково-практичне обґрунтування використання пробіотиків для поліпшення якості продукції птахівництва

Science and practice have proved that balanced nutrition involves the intake of the organic, mineral, and biologically active substances in the bird’s body in certain quantities and proportions due to their needs. Balanced poultry feeding is a guarantee of not only high productivity, but also the prevention of diseases that negatively affect the safety of livestock and product quality. Providing poultry with high-quality protein is especially important nowadays. Birds spend more essential amino acids per unit of body weight gain and, accordingly, more of them should be daily supplied to the body with feed. Plant proteins are the basis of grain feeds that contain all eleven essential amino acids required for protein synthesis in the body of chickens, ducks, geese, and turkeys. However, it was revealed that most of these amino acids are concentrated in grain in insufficient quantities and cannot fully satisfy the needs of highly productive poultry. As a result, it is necessary to additionally introduce high-protein supplements into the diet as a source of essential amino acids or use synthetic concentrates of lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan. High-protein supplements are coming in two types – animal and plant-based. From the plant-based ones, soy products are considered the most valuable as a concentrated source of the first limiting amino acid - lysine, and sunflower meal is rich in methionine. And even so, plant-based protein feed is not able to create a complete balance of all essential amino acids. This can be done only if the animal-sourced protein is introduced into the poultry diet in the form of fish meal, meat and bone meal, meat meal, or yeast. Besides, scientific research has proven that yeast can be considered a wonderful natural source of B vitamins. The analysis of scientific research indicates that today there is a wide search and study of various feed supplements that could be a source of complete protein and have in its composition a complete complex of amino acids for birds. There are not enough such high-quality feed additives in Ukraine, and those coming from abroad are distinguished by high cost and are often falsified. Therefore, the use of yeast in poultry diets as long as their industrial production according to the technology based on the state standard is relevant for solving a number of modern poultry farming problems and is of great scientific and practical importance.

IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICES IN WORKERS OF VARIOUS LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIONS

Introduction. The working conditions of livestock workers do not exclude the negative impact of the harmful biological factor of the work environment. Against the background of impaired immune homeostasis, the presence of saprophytic microorganisms in the working area air can contribute to the development of inflammatory pathology. The dynamic monitoring of the state of the immune system is needed due to the choice of tests in the conditions of health examinations of livestock workers. Material and methods. Working conditions, the state of health and the immune system of various livestock workers have been studied; analysis of the microbiological contamination of the work environment air has been conducted; patient groups according to the level of microbiological risk have been formed. Results. The hygienic studies conducted indicate industrial noise; aerosols in the form of a dust of plant and animal origin on the basis of grain; certain hazardous chemicals; the microclimate of production facilities, as well as the burden of labor to predominate in the livestock enterprises. In the work environment air, increased content of opportunistic microorganisms (pathogens of opportunistic infections) has been detected. Different modal abnormalities of immune status indices in response to microbial load have been revealed. The relationship between the quantitative characteristic of the total microbial load and the state of the immune system among workers in various livestock production has been established. Conclusion. The biological factor is a risk factor for the formation of different levels of both systemic and local disorders of the immune regulation. The potential risk for failure of compensatory-adaptive and adaptive mechanisms increases in proportion to the degree of total microbiological stress. Under conditions of increased microbiological risk, the dynamic control of workers’ immune system becomes important, which requires substantiation and development of adequate methodological approaches to the choice and use of diagnostic procedures and tests for mass health check-ups of livestock workers.

Investigation of Failure Mechanism of Al2O3 Specimens Subjected to Three-Point Bending Test

Experimental loading and FEM simulation-based approach at macroscale are utilized to investigate the failure mechanisms of Al2O3 ceramics. Experimental characterization of microstructure is carried out using SEM. Recently the microscale models of representative volume of porous alumina ceramics were built on the basis of grain and pore distribution patterns and subjected to uniaxial loading in order to determine effective mechanical characteristics which are utilized for macroscopic simulation in this work. Pre-fracture behavior of specimens undergoes the Drucker-Prager model with non-associated plastic flow rule. Experimental and numerical simulation fracture patterns show that material exhibits mixed mode I+II of crack propagation. Comparison of experimental data and numerical simulation data gives a good agreement.

Identification of nucleation mechanism in laser welds of aluminum alloy

The nucleation mechanism in laser welds of aluminum alloys is still unclear. Here, we identified it for the first time by adopting an overlap welding procedure. The commonly used 5083 aluminum alloy was taken as an example. The variation of grain structure and grain size in different overlap welding cases was characterized by electron-backscattered diffraction. Results revealed that the nucleation mechanism was heterogeneous nucleation, rather than grain detachment and dendrite fragmentation. Furthermore, the chemical composition and phase structure of the heterogeneous nuclei were tested by energy-dispersive spectrometer and transmission electron microscopy, which indicated that they were D022 Al3Ti phase. The present study is significant in that it can provide a theoretical basis for grain refining in laser welds of aluminum alloys.

A neural-network-based model predictive control scheme for grain dryers

Aiming to improve the precision of grain moisture content discharged out of grain dryers and the degree of automation and intelligence of grain drying process, this article proposed a model predictive control scheme based on neural network for grain dryers. In the scheme, a mathematical model on basis of grain drying theory is built for an actual grain dryer system. With this model, sufficient input and output time series of grain dryer under different conditions can be obtained expediently via simulation. As a training set, the data series is utilized to train a nonlinear autoregressive neural network which will be used as a predictive model instead of the mathematical model. Finally, based on the neural network model, MPC is designed to realize an accurate control of grain moisture content, in which, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the cost function. Furthermore, MATLAB simulations are carried out to fully validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, with which it is found that the use of the neural-network-based model predictive scheme is able to enhance the control precision of grain dryers.

北海道中央部でのオオムギ若葉栽培における、若葉生産量および種子生産からみた、適正品種の選定 : 低温要求性の異なる品種間比較(平成25年度年次講演会一般講演)

北海道中央部でのオオムギ若葉栽培における、若葉生産量および種子生産からみた、適正品種の選定 : 低温要求性の異なる品種間比較(平成25年度年次講演会一般講演)

Wheat and ultra high diluted gibberellic acid – further experiments and re-analysis of data

Following studies (a) on wheat seedlings and ultra high diluted silver nitrate, and (b) on amphibians and an ultra high diluted hormone, (c) a bio-assay on wheat and extremely diluted gibberellic acid was standardized. This assay was intended to combine the easy-to-handle aspect of (a) and biologically interesting aspects of (b). The purpose of the data analysis presented here was to investigate the influence of an extreme dilution of gibberellic acid on wheat stalk length and to determine the influence of external factors on the experimental outcome. Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, Capo variety) were observed under the influence of extremely diluted gibberellic acid (10(-30)) prepared by stepwise dilution and agitation according to a protocol derived from homeopathy ('G30x'). Analogously prepared water was used for control ('W30x'). 16 experiments including 8000+8000 grains were performed by 9 researchers. Experiments that were performed between January and April showed inconsistent results, whereas most of the experiments performed between September and December showed shorter stalks in the G30x group. This was confirmed by correlation analysis (p<0.01). Thus winter/spring experiments and autumn experiments were analysed separately. When all 10 autumn experiments were pooled, mean stalk lengths (mm) were 48.3±21.4 for the verum group and 52.1±20.4 for control (mean±SD) at grain level (N=5000 per group) and ±5.3 and ±5.1 respectively at dish level. In other words, verum stalk length (92.67%) was 7.33% smaller than control stalk length (100%). The effect size is small when calculation is done on the basis of grains (d=0.18) but, due to the smaller SD at dish level, medium when done on the basis of dishes (d=0.73). The inhibiting effect was observed by 6 of the 6 researchers who performed the autumn experiments. The model may be useful for further research as there exists a theoretical justification due to previous studies with wheat and extremely diluted silver nitrate, as well as to previous studies with amphibians and diluted hormones, and its methods are well standardized. Data confirm the hypothesis that information can be stored in the test liquid, even at a dilution of the original substance beyond Avogadro's value; and that the wheat bio-assay is sensitive to such information.

Differential response of wild and cultivated wheats to water deficits during grain development: changes in soluble carbohydrates and invertases.

Wheat, staple food crop of the world, is sensitive to drought, especially during the grain-filling period. Water soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), stem reserve mobilization and higher invertase activity in the developing grains are important biochemical traits for breeding wheat to enhance tolerance to terminal drought. These traits were studied for three accessions of Triticum dicoccoides(a tetraploid wheat progenitor species) - acc 7054 (EC 171812), acc 7079 (EC 171837) and acc 14004 (G-194-3M-6M) selected previously on the basis of grain filling characteristics. Check wheat cultivars- PBW-343 (a popular bread wheat cultivar for irrigated environments) and C-306 (widely adapted variety for rain-fed agriculture) were also included in this set. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for the content of water soluble carbohydrates, activity of acid invertase and alkaline invertase. Acc 7079 was found to be a very efficient mobilizer of water soluble carbohydrates (236.43mgg(-1) peduncle DW) when averaged over irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Acid invertase activity revealed marked genotypic differences between wild and cultivated wheats. Alkaline invertase activity was highest in Acc 7079 when pooled across both the environments. On the whole, acc 7079 qualifies as a suitable donor for enhancing tolerance of bread wheat to terminal drought. The association of physio-biochemical differences observed with grain filling attributes on one hand and molecular markers on the other could be of use in improving wheat for water stress conditions.

Genetic analysis of grain shape and weight after cutting rice husk.

Grain shape and weight are the most important components of rice yield and are controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In this study, a double-haploid population, derived from the cross of japonica CJ06 and indica TN1, was used to analyze QTLs for grain shape and weight under two conditions: normal growth with unbroken husk and removing partial husk after flowering. Correlation analysis revealed that these traits, except grain weight, had a connection between the two conditions. Twenty-nine QTLs for grain shape and weight were detected on chromosomes 1 to 3; 6; 8 to 10; and 12, with the likelihood of odds value ranging from 2.38 to 5.36, including 10 different intervals. Some intervals were specifically detected after removing partial husk. The results contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis of grain filling and growth regulation, and provide us some assistance for improving grain plumpness in rice breeding.

Caracterização bromatológica de silagens de milho de genótipos super precoce

A disponibilização anual de genótipos de milho é grande, sendo necessária uma adequada avaliação desses genótipos para serem indicados para a produção de silagem. Objetivou-se avaliar as características bromatológicas da silagem produzida a partir de diferentes genótipos de milho, bem como, avaliar se a base genética ou a dureza dos grãos podem alterar a indicação de genótipos de milho para silagem. O experimento foi realizado na área experimental da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, no delineamento blocos completos ao acaso, avaliando-se os 30 genótipos do ensaio Sul Super Precoce, organizado pela Embrapa. Avaliaram-se as características bromatológicas da silagem produzida com os diferentes genótipos, posteriormente eles foram agrupados segundo a base genética e a textura dos grãos. Verificou-se que os genótipos do ensaio Sul Super Precoce não podem ser diferenciados segundo a base genética ou a textura dos grãos para todas as características avaliadas. Porém, eles podem ser diferenciados pela matéria seca da silagem.

Nitrogen use efficiency: re-consideration of the bioengineering approach

There is considerable confusion about N use efficiency (NUE) in the plant literature. We would like to propose the simple and ubiquitous definitions described by Good et al. (2004) as a starting point for studies of NUE. Based on this terminology, there is evidence from breeding programs for variation in both uptake efficiency (UpE) and utilization efficiency (UtE). Molecular physiology studies typically address mechanisms for improving NUE, but often do not calculate NUE or even acquire appropriate data for calculating NUE. Herein, we report in detail on recent studies involving molecular approaches for improving NUE, and calculate changes in NUE where possible. The evidence suggests that there is potential for improving usage index and UpE in dicots and UpE and UtE in monocots by overexpressing enzymes for N assimilation, specifically glutamine synthetase 1, glutamate synthase, and alanine aminotransferase. If decreased fertilizer-N input and improved NUE are truly goals of the plant biology community, researchers are encouraged to (i) consider the use of both wild type and azygous controls, (ii) compare general NUE (on the basis of grain or biomass yield per unit of applied N) of overexpression mutants and controls at both limiting and non-limiting N levels, (iii) select an appropriate type of specific NUE for assessing the physiological mechanisms involved (uptake versus internal utilization), and (iv) confirm promising results under field conditions.

QTL Mapping for Grain Filling Rate and Thousand-Grain Weight in Different Ecological Environments in Wheat

The duration and rate of grain filling determine the individual grain size, thousand-grain weight (TGW), and final grain yield. Several reports have focused on the physiological basis of grain filling in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), but rare on the genetic mechanism and QTL mapping due to its complexity. To identify QTLs related to grain filling, the F7:8 generation of 142 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between Yu 8679 (large spike) and Heshangmai (small spike) were planted in four ecological environments in Beijing (2006 and 2007), Hefei (2007), and Chengdu (2007). Three agronomic traits including mean grain filling rate (GFRmean), maximum grain filing rate (GFRmax), and TGW were evaluated. A genetic map comprising 170 SSR and 2 EST markers (Tx23-24 and Tx37-38) was constructed based on the 142 RILs. According to the genetic map and phe-notypic data, quantitative trait loci were identified for these agronomic traits using the composite interval mapping (CIM) method. A total of 54 QTLs located on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2D, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6D, and 7D for the three traits were identified over four environments. Among them, 17 for GFRmean, 16 for GFRmax, and 21 for TGW, accounted for variations of GFRmean, GFRmax, and TGW by 7.17–20.83%, 6.31–15.95%, and 4.36–16.80%, respectively. Ten genomic sections involving chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 3B, 4D, 6D, and 7D with "pleiotropic effects" were detected. These QTLs with pleiotropic effects are useful for understanding the relationship between grain filling and other related grain yield traits at gene level.

Biomass Heterosis as the Basis for Grain and Stover Yield Heterosis in Arid Zone Pearl Millet Hybrids

ABSTRACTPearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] single cross hybrids, bred from high‐yielding parental lines in favorable environments, are not well adapted to northwest India's arid zone. The objectives of these experiments were (i) to measure grain and stover yield heterosis in testcrosses of six landrace‐based restorer populations and (ii) to understand how heterosis for biomass and harvest index (HI) affects heterosis for grain and stover yields in crosses of these populations. Six restorer populations and their testcrosses on 10 to 13 A1 male‐sterile lines were evaluated at two arid zone locations of northwest India. Heterosis was calculated as percentage advantage of testcross hybrids over parental restorer population. The range in individual testcross heterosis varied from −3% to +39% for grain yield and from −22% to +17% for stover yield. Variation in biomass heterosis accounted for 55% of the variation in grain yield heterosis and 84% of the variation in stover yield heterosis. Harvest index heterosis accounted for 38% of variation in grain yield heterosis and 13% of stover yield heterosis with a positive heterosis in HI resulting in negative heterosis in stover yield. The testcrosses with the highest biomass heterosis for each restorer population achieved 20% biomass heterosis level (combined with a mean 12% heterosis in HI), resulting in 32% grain yield heterosis and 18% stover yield heterosis. We concluded that heterosis for biomass was the major determinant of grain and stover yield heterosis in pearl millet.

QTL mapping for grain filling rate and yield-related traits in RILs of the Chinese winter wheat population Heshangmai × Yu8679

A set of 142 winter wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) deriving from the cross Heshangmai x Yu8679 were tried in four ecological environments during the seasons 2006 and 2007. Nine agronomic traits comprising mean grain filling rate (GFR(mean)), maximum grain filling rate (GFR(max)), grain filling duration (GFD), grain number per ear (GNE), grain weight per ear (GWE), flowering time (FT), maturation time (MT), plant height (PHT) and thousand grain weight (TGW) were evaluated in Beijing (2006 and 2007), Chengdu (2007) and Hefei (2007). A genetic map comprising 173 SSR markers and two EST markers was generated. Based on the genetic map and phenotypic data, quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for these agronomic traits. A total of 99 putative QTLs were identified for the nine traits over four environments except GFD, PHT and MT, measured in two environments (BJ07 and CD07), respectively. Of the QTL detected, 17 for GFR(mean), 16 for GFR(max), 21 for TGW and 10 for GWE involving the chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2D, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 6D and 7D were identified. Moreover, 13 genomic regions showing pleiotropic effects were detected in chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4B, 4D, 5B, 6D and 7D; these QTL revealing pleiotropic effects may be informative for a better understanding of the genetic basis of grain filling rate and other yield-related traits, and represent potential targets for multi-trait marker aided selection in wheat.