Basis Of Genesis Research Articles

Nourishment in Paradise and After Resurrection: Double Creation According to Gregory of Nyssa

Abstract Gregory of Nyssa (cca 335–cca 395), one of the three Cappadocian Fathers, introduces the creation of human beings on the basis of Genesis 1:26–27 and interprets these two biblical verses as a ‘double creation’—the first of which is ‘in the image of God’ (Genesis 1:26) and secondly as male or female (Genesis 1:27). His concept of ‘double creation’ is obviously inspired by Philo of Alexandria, a first-century Jewish philosopher, but Gregory points out the condition of human beings before and after committing the sin, in contrast to Philo’s conception. While Philo distinguishes between the first and the second creation of the entirety of nature, Gregory only relates the double creation to humans. Thus plants as nourishment for humans, according to Genesis, must be matched with the second creation of humans. In the resurrection, when the ‘first creation’ of human nature will be reached, human beings with their restored bodies will only feed on immaterial, spiritual food—the Word of God.

Difficult texts: Genesis 2.18 and 2.24

It has long been argued on the basis of Genesis 2.18 that marriage is incumbent on all adults. With ministers and lay persons in the church urging that ‘it is not good for man to be alone’, the unmarried are frequently looked upon with ridicule, suspicion and outright disdain. However, an exegetical analysis of Genesis 2.18 does not support the view that marriage is a universal imperative.

La puissance du don. Le don comme centre de la relation de l’homme avec Dieu, dans les discours édifiants de Kierkegaard, à la lumière de l’herméneutique du don de Jean Paul II

Abstract This paper is an attempt to read Kierkegaard’s upbuilding discourses centred around the theme “Every Good and Perfect Gift is From Above” in the perspective of hermeneutics of the gift presented by John Paul II in his book Man and Woman He Created Them. The authors analyze two completely different biblical themes-the Pope examines the issue of corporeality of the first people on the basis of Genesis, whereas Kierkegaard studies the creative power of God’s word in human existence, focusing on a passage from the Epistle of James. They show that the relationship between human beings and God, despite its individual character, may come into being only through the involvement of another person. The center of this meeting of two people in God is the already mentioned gift, understood here, in the highest sense, as a gift of love in which both parties are giving and receiving at the same time. The convergence of conclusions of both authors shows the anthropological coherence of the message of the Holy Scripture and gives rise to reflections on the essence of humanity.

Genesis 2–3 and Alcibiades’s speech in Plato’s <i>Symposium</i>: A cultural critical reading

The purpose of this article is to discuss some basic problems and methodological steps concerning the encounter between Hebrews and Greeks in the Classical period and its impact on the Hellenistic era. The relationship between the Old Testament and Ancient Greek literature will be examined on the basis of Genesis 2–3 and Alcibiades’s speech in Plato’s Symposium (212c–223d). The following considerations and models of interpretation can arise from the analysis of Alcibiades’s speech compared to M- and LXX-Genesis 2–3: (1) Ancient Greek writers were familiar with Old Testament oral or written traditions through improvised translations. They prepared the way for the LXX and, in their compositions, were in dispute with them although they do not make specific references to the Hebrews and their literature; (2) Hebrew authors knew the works of Ancient Greek authors and used Greek philosophical terminology which they creatively adapted to Semitic models; (3) Both models are possible. One should not rush to any decisions but examine each case individually, in the original language.

DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN TITANITE FROM TUNGSTEN AND MOLYBDENUM DEPOSITS IN YUKON AND BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

The chemical compositions of titanite in igneous rocks, hydrothermal veins, skarns, and hornfels from eight tungsten and molybdenum deposits in Yukon and British Columbia, Canada, were examined by electron probe and LA-ICP-MS. Four kinds of titanite were grouped in our study on the basis of genesis: magmatic titanite from the igneous rocks, hydrothermal titanite from the igneous rocks and hydrothermal veins, metasomatic titanite from the skarn samples, and metamorphic titanite from the hornfels samples. Magmatic titanite is hundreds of μm long, euhedral or subhedral, and in planar contact with magmatic K-feldspar, plagioclase, and quartz. Compared to hydrothermal titanite, early magmatic titanite (cores) is enriched in Ti, HSFE, and REE, but depleted in Al and F. Magmatic titanite can be enriched in W or Mo, reflecting high concentrations of these elements in the source melt and suggesting that titanite has potential for identifying fertile W or Mo intrusions. The titanite from W skarn samples are enriched in W, Sn, and Nb, which also has a potential application as an indicator for W exploration.

Robert Fludd and the End of the Renaissance (review)

BOOK REVIEWS 12 3 Truth), written, probably, between t677 and t69o, ~ and also in a letter to Varignon dated February 2, 17o2. a Leibniz believed Euclid's Elements to be a model of knowledge, but still open to criticism and perfectible. While Sanches excelled in criticism, Leibniz labored throughout his whole life upon the improvement of the Elements. Contrasting this mathematical model with Cartesian universal doubt, Leibniz invariably held that the latter was a rhetorical device.4 Sanches at least pointed out real faults of Leibniz's model of knowledge.5 This is only one reason we have for explaining Leibniz's strange respect for Sanches. Another could be that, as Borges said, great writers create their own precursors. EZEQUIEL DE OLASO National Council for Scientific Research, Argentina William H. Huffman. Robert Fludd and the End of the Renaissance. London: Routledge, t988. Pp. xii + 252. $49.5 o. Robert Fiudd ought not to be seen as an oddity of the Scientific Revolution, but, argues William Huffman, as the foremost spokesman of an altogether valid world view in the early seventeenth century. Fludd's monumental, yet incomplete, Utriusque cosmi... historica (16 t 7-1621), his Medicina Catholica (1629- t 631), and his later MosaicaU Philosophy (1638) represent the culmination of Renaissance Christian Platonism. Yet, however valuable his writings, Fludd's written works reveal only part of his involvement in the intellectual and social life of the mid-seventeenth century. What has been missing in studies focused on Fludd, Huffman contends, is the personal context of friends, associates , and patrons. Looking here reveals that Fludd was anything but the occult eccentric that subsequent centuries made him out to be. Rather, he was accepted as an important, well-established intellectual figure and medical practitioner during his own time. In establishing the social and intellectual legitimacy of Fludd's ideas, Huffman shows that Fludd was associated with at least three distinct circles. The first, formed around John Thornborough, Bishop of Worcester, was a center of alchemical activity. A second circle included several prominent English scholars and antiquaries, and a third was made up of medical colleagues. Beyond these, Fludd also enjoyed royal patronage, writing for James I an unpublished manuscript, the "Declaratio Brevis," which defended his apology of the Rosicrucian brotherhood, and gaining a royal patent for making steel in 162o. It was, Huffman suggests, Fludd's legitimate success in both medicine and chemistry that earned him respect from colleagues and patronage 55- ' Cf. Opusculesetfragments in~ditsde Leibniz, ed. L. Couturat (Paris: Alcan, 19o3), 191. 3 Cf. LeibnizensmathematischeSchriften, ed. C. I. Gerhardt (Berlin/Halle, 1849-63), 4:92-93 9 4 Cf. G. W. Leibniz. DiephilosophischenSchriften, ed. C. I. Gerhardt (Berlin, 1875-9o), 4: 3545 Cf. my study "Francisco Sanches e Leibniz," Analyse4 (Lisbon, 1986): 37-74- 124 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY 29:~ JANUARY 1991 from the crown, and it is against this background, not against the hostile assaults of mechanical philosophers, that his written works should be considered. Huffman's survey of the literature of the Platonic Renaissance is sound and well informed. In terms of that literature, Fludd's work amounts to a "grand systematic synthesis" of Neoplatonic, Pythagorean, Gnostic, Stoic, and hermetic thinking. But to these occult views of nature Fludd also added his own ideas, discussing the process of creation as beginning with the appearance of "Hyle" ("an infinite mass or darke fog"), which is formed into a primeval Chaos by divine light, and deciding on the basis of Genesis that earth, air, fire, and water are actually secondary elements having their origins in a primary element, water. Fludd also added to the Neoplatonic tradition by creating images through which occult knowledge, especially the harmonies of the universe and the relation between spirit and matter, could be grasped. Huffman's description of Fludd's thinking, especially in the Mosaicall Philosophy, is instructive. However, it would have been even more helpful if Fludd's ideas had been compared to others that formed the larger arena of hermetic-Paracelsian philosophy. The concept of "Hyle," for instance, a central concept in Fludd's History of the Macrocosm (the first volume of his Utriusque cosmi.., historica) stems from Hermes and is criticized...

K+-free induced early afterdepolarization in cardiac ventricular fibers of guinea pig after cold treatment.

The genesis and elimination of early afterdepolarizations (EADs) have been investigated in guinea pig cardiac ventricular fibers after a short period of cooling (5 h, 2-4 degrees C). After rewarming them to 37 degrees C, EADs could be induced by K+-free superfusion at an appropriate driving stimulation (0.2 Hz) in all preparations. A high level plateau, which linearly increases its duration with time, appears ahead of EADs. The critical point of the plateau occurred steadily, at the level of -47 +/- 4 mV. Two types of triggered activity, all of which are the rhythmic activities in low level of membrane potential (-50 to -60 mV), appear on the plateau. There is no significant change after overdriving. Agonists of the Na-K pump (K+ and T1+) could stop the rhythmic activity immediately and turn the low level of membrane potential to high one. The results showed that high level plateau is the basis of genesis of EADs, and the activation of Na-K pump plays an important part in stopping triggered rhythms arising from EADs.

The Latin textual basis of Genesis A

Received scholarly opinion regards Genesis A as an Old English versification of the Latin text of Genesis in Jerome's Vulgate revision of the bible. This view has prevailed in modern editions of the poem, which normally print a critical text of the Vulgate Genesis in their apparatus. The textual basis of Genesis A is perhaps ‘vulgate’ in character in so far as the poem renders Genesis readings that were commonly known in Anglo-Saxon England, but the identification of this base text with that of the Hieronymian Vulgate remains an untested hypothesis. Ten years ago A. N. Doane printed a list of readings in the Old English text which show affinity with the ancient versions of Genesis that emerged before the completion of Jerome's translation, readings associted with the Vetus Latina or Old Latin bible. Doane did not, however, challenge the long-standing belief that Genesis A follows a single, lost exemplar that contained in all essentials the text established by Jerome. The present study attempts to survey, without any preconceptions, all the details in the poem that might derive from Latin sources; its intention is to make a first step towards the recovery of the Latin textual basis of Genesis A.

Tectonic Map of Arctic Polar Regions of Earth: ABSTRACT

The Tectonic Map of the Polar Regions of the Earth, scale 1:10,000,000, was compiled using the historic-genetic principle of distinguishing geostructural regions on the basis of genesis and age of their consolidation. The map is accompanied with sketches of geotectonic zonation, neotectonics, and geophysical characteristics reflecting deep features of the Arctic and Antarctic regions. The history of the earth's polar regions has changed since early Proterozoic time and the two regions differ with respect to their deep-seated structure. The Arctic and Antarctic, although they are regions where the Pacific and Atlantic geostructural segments join, did not have similar geosynclinal and tectono-magmatic development trends. In the Arctic, the stable Precambrian platform underwent fragmentation which gave rise to smaller platforms and central stable regions fringed by fold systems of Baikalides, Caledonides, Hercynides, and Mesozoides. Dissymmetry of the Arctic structure is outlined by a different degree of stability of its western and eastern segments. The earth's crust in the Arctic has a complex structure with major thickness changes. In the Arctic basin 3 types of areas can be distinguished: normal ocean, trans-ocean ridge area (Lomonosov and Mendeleyev Ridges, and the Sever Rise), and the Canada basin. The Antarctic, in contrast to the northern polar region, represents a heterogenetic pre-Riphean platform of a Gondwana type, similar to the platforms of Africa, South America, Australia, and India. In West Antarctica the platform is fringed with Antarctandes belonging to the mobile Pacific belt. The magmatic complexes in the Archean and Proterozoic of the two polar regions are of almost the same type. The Antarctic is characterized by a widely developed charnokite formation. In the southern polar region, magmatism is predominantly inherited in character; the Andean intrusive complex (which is confined to the Antarctandes zone) is an exception. The Antarctic continent possesses continental and suboceanic crust within the west-east Antarctica zone of juncture. The Southern Ocean has oceanic crust complicated somewhat by submarine ridges. It is postulated that during the geologic past the thickness and crustal structure changed sharply in the Arctic but remained more stable in the Antarctic. The youngest tectonic event to affect the Antarctic was the reactivization of geostructural features that produced powerful block movements. Thus, the latest movements in the Arctic have been vertical, but downward. Those in the Antarctic were vertical, but upward. In addition to these movements of opposite sense, a concentric distribution of the main features of geostructures about the geographical poles can be seen in both polar regions. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2479------------