The Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS developed methods of plant selection for resistance to major pathogens and assessment methodology the resistance of winter wheat, potatoes, clover and alfalfa to pests to create complex resistant varieties. Donors of potato resistance to cancer, Alternaria, Phomosis and cyst-forming nematodes were identified. Methods for determining the resistance of cereals to high and low temperatures were developed. A collection of the Aegilops biuncialis L. wild wheat samples as sources of new resistance genes to plant diseases and pests was compiled. The soft winter wheat resistance genes to diseases by DNA markers were identified at the Institute of Plant Production named after V. Ya. Yuriev. The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat formed a set of winter wheat cultivars with group and complex resistance to diseases and pests. The Institute of Oilseed Crops of NAAS established physiological and biochemical mechanisms of resistance of sunflower, soybean, crown flax to pathogens. Collections of sunflower lines based on complex resistance to sunflower broomrape, dry rot, downy mildew and soybean lines based on complex resistance to white rot and Anthracnose were also created. In the National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of NAAS", the fodder lupine resistance to the most important pathogens was investi-gated. The Institute of Agriculture in the Carpathian Region of NAAS revealed the spring barley, oat, rape, fiber flax varieties and selection numbers resistant to basic diseases; and the Institute of Rice of NAAS – rice cultivars resistant to diseases and pest pathogens. The resistance to main phytophagous insects of the modern genotypes of hemp, fiber flax and crown flax was assessed by the Institute of Agriculture of the North-East of NAAS. The assessment method of breeding value for the initial material of the main vegetables on the basis of disease resistance was developed by the Institute of Vegetables and Melons Growing of NAAS. Scientists of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of NAAS and V. M. RemesloMyronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS revealed the cucumber and barley resistance to viral diseases. Key words: crops, pests, pathogens, resistance, resistance gene, resistance source.