Basic Tendency Research Articles

Leadership Communication Style and Teacher Work Culture towards Collaborative Management

Limitations of the leader's communication style with work performance, teacher job satisfaction, teacher commitment, and teacher motivation and teacher ability as a positive work culture have yet to show collective participation. The existence of harmony between theoretical expectations and reality urges a review to analyze leadership communication styles and teacher work culture towards collaborative management. The research method used is quantitative with a descriptive plan. The subjects were teachers and school leaders, totaling 310 respondents. Supervised data collection techniques by developing instruments based on research indicators. Technical analysis using SPSS Version 26.0 with correlation analysis. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the level of the principal's basic tendency to power, the basis of expert power, the level of the basic tendency of the principal's coercive power, the level of the basic tendency of the principal's legitimate power, the principal's supervisory communication style, the teacher's work culture, the level of teacher competence, an organizational structure with a level of collaborative management at the level. The research conclusions show a negative and significant relationship between the age of leadership in secondary schools, the education level of school principals, and the level of collaborative management. The implications of this research can provide a positive picture and impact for leaders to communicate and collaborate massively and actively with teachers.

THE ECONOMIC PAMPHLETEER: Sustainability: The defining question of the 21st century

First paragraph: My purpose in sharing my long-run perspec­tives on farms, foods, and communities is not to dwell on the past—neither what was nor what could have been. The past is important only in so far as it helps us understand the realities of the present and possibilities for the future. There is a basic tendency for everything on earth to operate in cycles—physical, chemical, biological, economic, and social. Life on Earth is made possible by the biological recycling of finite quantities of chemical elements. Even the universe is thought to be circu­lar so that if we traveled far enough in one direc­tion we would eventually return to where we started. Whatever goes around eventually comes back around. So, the past provides potentially valuable insights into the future. . . .

Right Versus Wrong: A Qualitative Appraisal With Respect to Pandemic Trajectories of Transgender Population in Kerala, India.

The transgender population generally faces rights violations and discrimination in their day-to-day lives, which was exacerbated during the recent pandemic. This necessitates close scrutiny from an ethics perspective. Following directives from a 2014 Supreme Court judgement, Kerala became the first Indian state to implement a comprehensive policy to enforce the constitutional rights of transgender people. Despite such positive actions, a basic social tendency not to respect gender diversity has led to discrimination and marginalization. This was very evident during the pandemic. In this empirical work, we have documented the lives of the transgender community during the pandemic wherein they share experiences related to livelihood, interaction with the healthcare system, and acceptance in society vis-à-vis the pandemic. Simply providing third-gender status will not help the gender-marginalized community to grow to their fullest potential and have a better lifestyle on par with others in mainstream society.

Comparable roles for serotonin in rats and humans for computations underlying flexible decision-making

Serotonin is critical for adapting behavior flexibly to meet changing environmental demands. Cognitive flexibility is important for successful attainment of goals, as well as for social interactions, and is frequently impaired in neuropsychiatric disorders, including obsessive–compulsive disorder. However, a unifying mechanistic framework accounting for the role of serotonin in behavioral flexibility has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate common effects of manipulating serotonin function across two species (rats and humans) on latent processes supporting choice behavior during probabilistic reversal learning, using computational modelling. The findings support a role of serotonin in behavioral flexibility and plasticity, indicated, respectively, by increases or decreases in choice repetition (‘stickiness’) or reinforcement learning rates following manipulations intended to increase or decrease serotonin function. More specifically, the rate at which expected value increased following reward and decreased following punishment (reward and punishment ‘learning rates’) was greatest after sub-chronic administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram (5 mg/kg for 7 days followed by 10 mg/kg twice a day for 5 days) in rats. Conversely, humans given a single dose of an SSRI (20 mg escitalopram), which can decrease post-synaptic serotonin signalling, and rats that received the neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), which destroys forebrain serotonergic neurons, exhibited decreased reward learning rates. A basic perseverative tendency (‘stickiness’), or choice repetition irrespective of the outcome produced, was likewise increased in rats after the 12-day SSRI regimen and decreased after single dose SSRI in humans and 5,7-DHT in rats. These common effects of serotonergic manipulations on rats and humans—identified via computational modelling—suggest an evolutionarily conserved role for serotonin in plasticity and behavioral flexibility and have clinical relevance transdiagnostically for neuropsychiatric disorders.

GEOTECHNICAL STUDY AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS OF THREE QUARRIES IN THE CITY OF ABECHE IN CHAD

This article focus on the geotechnical and physicochemical studies of soils from three sites in the city of Abéché. The article presents the locations of the sampling sites, experimental devices, and some physical parameters. Prior to the geotechnical study, a physicochemical characterization of soil from different quarries was conducted, including wetting-drying tests, capillary water absorption tests, and desorption isotherms of bricks. Finally, geotechnical characterizations of three soils were performed, including analyses of grain size by sieving and sedimentometry, Atterberg limits, methylene blue tests, and the bulk density of solid particles. The results showed that the different soils were very similar, being of a low-plasticity loam and clay type. The results also showed that the organic matter content in the different soils was very low and that the average pH value of the three sites was around 7.1, which is neutral with a slightly basic tendency.

An empirical analysis on adoption of precision agricultural techniques among farmers of Punjab for efficient land administration

Agriculture plays a vital role in building the nation’s economy. To enhance the country’s financial standings, it is essential for farmers adopt innovative agricultural techniques/practices. Over the years, a rapid growth has been experienced within this domain by virtue of adapting agricultural sensors, drones, Global Positing Systems (GPS), and other integrated devices. However, adaptation of newer practices is completely overlooked by most farmers across the state of Punjab in the Indian sub-continent. It has been visualized that farmers across the state are hesitant to adapt precision agricultural practices. This is mainly due to several constraints that are encountered by the farmers across the state, i.e., non-awareness of the concept among farmers, financial limitations, and other associated factors within the domain. Hence, to clearly understand the mindset of the farmers and their perception towards the adaption of precision agriculture techniques, the authors have prepared a structured questionnaire that consisted of 30 questions. The questionnaire was prepared to capture farmers’ basic tendency towards various hurdles that farmers encounter while adopting precision agricultural practices. Responses of 342 farmers across the state of Punjab was taken under consideration to further evaluate the mindset of farmers on the following key points, i.e., Various parameters such as basic knowledge on the usability of agricultural sensors, expectation level of farmers towards adaptation of agricultural sensors, and support from the state government, issues related to cost of agricultural sensors, and issues related practical implementation of agricultural sensors. To evaluate the responses, One-way ANOVA and Independent-sample T-test were analyzed over Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) Version 22. In addition, descriptive analysis (on individual responses) has been presented within the results section and coefficient of correlation (r) has also been has also been calculated to identify the degree of relationship among dependent and independent variables. f-distribution results obtained over SPSS software depicted a positive inclination among farmers towards usage and adaptation of newer farming concepts, provided some constraints needed to be addressed with a pragmatic approach. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the reasons for the shortcomings for non-adaptability of modern day agricultural practices among farmers and to bridge a gap among farmers and state/central government on motivating and providing all sorts of possible assistance in adopting precision agricultural practices with an aim to make effective use of land and enhancing production scale.

Rewriting Women: A Critique of Misogyny, Structure and Agency in the Novels of K. R. Meera- A Review

Purpose: The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the fact that lack of state support creates violence and injustice. Women, as a minority, and as a gender, need to be recognized, and protected. The age-old notion of patriarchy still has its roots running through the lives of our society. Equality if not given, is exercised and asserted by K. R. Meera’s characters. Transgression occurs when limits are drawn and tightened. The State has its responsibilities toward its subjects irrespective of their gender. If violated, they should be enforced by appropriate judicial measures. This paper establishes that the only way to assure social justice for women, the paper establishes. Design: Based on the secondary sources, a method has been designed to reveal the very basic human tendency to ask for what is allowed to every other sect. Society might have drawn boundaries, which if transgressed would invite punishment. Rejection of emotional acceptance is considered to be against human rights. For a human, irrespective of gender, there’s no necessity to surrender his/her individual freedom and happiness. The happiness of a woman need not be sacrificed just for the sake of her family. This research largely depends on the findings from research journals from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, SSRN, Elsevier, Academia, and Shodhganga for identifying the research gap. To highlight the key aspects of the research, ABCD analysis is used. The interviews and social posts of the author also give much insight into the different aspects of the research question. The literary compositions of the author are the major source of research. Findings: The main finding of the research is that the law of the country and its administration support the privileged, all-powerful patriarchy. The finding also includes a discussion about the insecurity of women under such a system and how it becomes one of the reasons for the chaos that goes on within the country. Transgression is one of the powerful methods adopted under such situations by the women of K. R. Meera’s novels, a reflection of what we get to see around, especially through social media and this is where the research paper stands out in its finding. The research paper explores the nature of a self-subsistent, self-reliant woman in the making of powerless patriarchy. Originality: This research is unique as full-fledged research on the author’s works is yet to be done. It doesn’t further discuss the proven elements that are found in the research journals published. Most of them explore the hindrances patriarchy creates in framing the identity of women, mainly in the light of a single text of the author. But they never discuss how women use violence as a means to secure themselves from the all-powerful people protected by the system. The concept of justice and its failure to protect women of the country is never mentioned or studied in the papers already published or researched based on the author’s novels. Thus, the research is original in its area and findings. Paper Type: Review Paper

University Instructors’ Views on Courses Delivered Online

The health emergency is compelling us to adopt new habits, including education-related practices. Therefore, it may be worth considering targeted teaching strategies and their future development. Current research in e-learning and technology-supported teaching has recently developed in an attempt to identify possible future transformations at all levels of education.This paper focuses on tertiary-level education and describes a study on educators’ views on courses delivered via Moodle during the pandemic and on the most commonly used pedagogical models.Using a case study on methodology, the author analyses some possible forms of online education, from the most basic, to those implemented through a combination of digital activities and resources, and their application at the University of Urbino (Italy). Data were collected by means of a questionnaire administered to 231 university teachers during the first year of the pandemic.The findings suggest that there is a good basic tendency to use technology but also inevitable stress that is however combined with an underlying sense of satisfaction. The educators’ technological skills, their tools, and the advice offered by the institution appear satisfactory, while students seem to have found some basic difficulties in accessing online lessons. The most commonly used didactic practices are sharing files via Moodle, using web conferencing software and text chats during lessons. Finally, future developments are to be expected as lecturers express their willingness to continue using the same technological resources that they have found most effective during the COVID-19 emergency.

Gods as Difficult Guests in Greek and Indian Mythology

Though ancient Hebrew, Greek, and Indian texts tell tales of generous people rewarded for offering hospitality to strangers, particularly to gods in disguise, these strangers often subject their hosts to many torments. And the ancient mythology of hosts and guests tricked or forced to eat their own children suggests that the widespread laws enforcing hospitality to strangers were needed to counteract a basic human tendency to fear such guests, a fear that the mythology validates.

On the link of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and Neuroticism.

Self-esteem (SE) and life satisfaction (LS) are highly correlated but little is known about the sources of this association. Both characteristic adaptations are negatively correlated with Neuroticism (N). We investigated the relationship between SE, LS, and N and the degree to which shared variance was explained by N from a behavior genetic perspective. We analyzed more than 2,000 German same-sex twin pairs and their siblings. Twins were 17 and 23years old and siblings were M=21.6years old. The sample was balanced regarding gender. We applied multivariate twin-sibling Cholesky models to obtain genetic and environmental correlations and estimated the impact N had on genetic and environmental correlations of SE and LS. The genetic correlation between SE and LS was .99 and 47% of this phenotypic correlation was explained by genetics. About 28% of the common genetic variance between SE and LS was explained by shared genes with N. Our findings suggest that N is not a common factor of SE and LS. The results are not in line with theories assuming that N is a basic tendency whose genetic factors account for most of the genetic variance between the assumed characteristic adaptations SE and LS.

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY AND INCLUSION

Since liberalization, the Indian educational policy displayed a remarkable tendency, an unwavering attachment, and strict adherence towards market fundamental aspects. It goes with a universal approach through Right to Education Act (RTEA) and Sarva Sikshya Abhiyan (SSA). This has resulted in unfettered equity and admission in the primary education system, educational institutions and universities enhancing the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in their tertiary sector. The Annual Survey of Educational Research (ASER), however, reported a major concern for a basic infrastructure tendency for schools, indifferent attitude of teachers, showing high rate of student dropout. At the same time, the higher education sector also showed less commitment towards innovation and research, leading to the poor patent turnout and good quality research articles. This paper explores such tendencies and lack of interest for the educational sector. In this condition, it is necessary to emphasize the unique role played by the private sector, wherein, the initiatives taken by Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS), Odisha, without any governmental support reflecting a unique model of quality education and funding worthy of replication and reproduction on a national scale. The initiative taken by Make in India reflects on the quality of education, concerning the primary stage to reap the high level of demographic share that indicates India’s efforts and aspiration of youth, cutting across religion, class, caste and gender, to respond more successfully to diversity in the classrooms. 
 The Policy for Inclusive Education stipulates the government strategic path for the systematic and special educational needs of every child. This policy builds upon defined Constitution, as per the Agenda of National Development, the Plan of Education Strategy and International commitment to gain national and international goals to create an environment to address the diverse needs of better education.

Improving typically developing children’s acceptance toward children with autism via teaching with picture books

A quasi-experimental group design with repeated measures at pretest and posttest was employed to examine the effect of teaching with picture books about autism on improving typically developing children’s acceptance and attitude toward children with autism in this study. The participants were children with autism and their typically developing peers in two regular elementary schools, one from Hangzhou (as experimental group) and the other from Ningbo (as control group). A six-week long teaching with picture books about autism was carried out for the thirty-six typically developing children in the experimental group. The typically developing children’s attitude toward their classmate with autism was assessed before and after the experiment for both experimental and control groups. The results indicated that teaching with picture books about autism improved the peer’s acceptance of children with autism in three domains: basic understanding, emotional attitude, and behavioral tendency, with high social validity. However, the quality of peer relationship between children with autism and their typically developing peers was not increased significantly during the study.

Social policies aimed at the phenomenon of the population aging

The phenomenon of global demographic aging has been going on for several years. The present article presents the basic tendency of this phenomenon, with express reference to the specificity of the phenomenon in Romania and inserts the following topics: the trends of global and European demographic aging, the international institutions and documents focused on domain management, the demographic forecast and European social policies, the characteristics of the aging trend in Romania, the living conditions of the elderly in Romania, the social policies and the forecast of the budgetary expenditures allocated until 2070 in Romania, and finally conclusions. The article is based on information and data published by the UN, the World Health Organization, the OECD, the Council of Europe, EUROSTAT, documents of the National Institute of Statistics from Romania and so on.

Інформаційні механізми вдосконалення виборчих процесів в Україні.

Problem setting. For providing of economic and social progress in Ukraine it is necessary to apply the confessedly system of democratic values, in particular in relation to participating of citizens and institutes of civil society in the processes of forming and realization of public policy. The basic tendency of electoral process in the world is his satiation by the informed and automated electronic facilities of voting, on-line by procedure of change of place of voting and electronic procedure of pulling out of candidates on taking part in the election. Such changes require for Ukraine improvement normative legal bases in relation to application of information technologies in electoral processes through development and implementation of effective informative mechanisms.Recent research and publications analysis. Taking into account complication of electoral process, speed of development of information technologies and frequency of replacement of electoral legislation, in Ukraine, a scientific ground of informative mechanisms of perfection of electoral processes is insufficient. By research of perfection of electoral legislation, the devoted works of such research workers as I. Polishchuk, 2005; A. Savkov, 2010; Yu. Klyuchkovsky, 2010; L. Gonyukova, 2009; V. Pogorilko, M. Stavniychuk, 2003 and other. However, scientists in the researches do not clarify the problem of information mechanisms for improvement election processes in Ukraine. Taking into account importance and actuality of the research question, the article is dedicated the complex analysis of European experience in this direction.The paper objective – to research of informative mechanisms of electoral processes, analysis of the basic Ukrainian and European normative documents that regulate modern electoral process and on this basis of development of suggestions in relation to perfection of electoral processes in UkraineThe paper main body. The development of e-democracy is extremely important for Ukraine, which in turn will affect the improvement of electoral processes through information mechanisms. The introduction of information mechanisms of electoral processes through electronic voting are preceding by the implementation of several areas of public policy. Namely: technological, sent not only to development of information technologies in the field of electoral, necessary technical product development for the electronic voting but also on the wide bringing in of citizens to using digital technologies, increase of reliability of transactions in the Internet. Such approach will allow promoting the level of trust to the innovations in an electoral process. Elucidative, that has for an object increase of computer literacy and awareness in the field of the newest technologies and possibilities of their application in state administration. Communicative, with bringing in of mass, necessity Medias both for the concordance of positions in the process of preparation of normatively-legal base and for elucidation to the citizens of essence and advantages of electronic procedures in electoral process.Conclusions of the research. The priority directions of improvement of electoral processes in Ukraine by information mechanisms: use of legal experience of the developed states of the world; realization of audit of Ukrainian information technologies that using by the authorities of administration of electoral process; development of economic ground of the use of digital technologies is in electoral procedure. It is also important to develop of the legal providing decision. Wide bringing in of civil society, mass and electors Medias to the process of making decision in the field of application of digital technologies in electoral processes will make the election process transparent and legitimate.

The skin deformation during cycling on terrains for practical application of compression sportswear

In this study, it is postulated that information based on skin layer deformation is necessary for the design of next-to-skin functional cycling suit. Especially for shoulder–chest region, shoulder–back region, waist–abdomen region and waist–hip region, which are critical factors in contact comfort sensations. The skin length deformation during three different road conditions (including uphill, downhill and normal road) and four cycling motions in various longitudinal, horizontal and curved directions were measured. The amount of skin deformation was slightly different for each of the five subjects, but the basic tendency of boundary between extension and contraction of skin surface was very much within the same region. The research results will help to improve cycling clothing in terms of function and comfort under the premise of the adaptation of human movement.

Identifying with the “bad” guy: A novel account for apparent moral-judgment deficiencies in antagonistic personality

People higher in antagonistic personality are believed to have impaired moral judgment that can be traced to psychopathological conditions or enjoyment of cruelty. We suggest that this phenomenon can be partially understood as a normative process of leniency toward more similar others. An online study had participants (N = 250, Mage = 38.47; 56.8% female; 78.8% Caucasian) complete measures of antagonistic personality and then read about agents who engaged in intentional or unintentional harm toward others. Participants reported their moral outrage, feelings of relatedness to the agent, and affect. Effects mentioned below had less than 5% chance of occurring as the result of sampling error. As anticipated, antagonistic personality related to reduced moral outrage and more positive affect in the intentional condition but enhanced moral outrage in the unintentional condition. Moreover, antagonistic personality related to enhanced relatedness to agents in the intentional harm but not unintentional harm situations, which partially explained its relations to less outrage and enhanced positive affect in response to intentional-harm situations. The findings suggest that an apparent instance of moral-judgment deficiencies in antagonistic personality could reflect the basic human tendency to identify with and be lenient toward similar others.

Смешанное обучение в эпоху цифровой трансформации

Basic tendency of today – digital transformation – renders substantial influence on education. Introduction of mass open online courses (MOOCs) in an educational process became the natural response of institutions of higher education to modern trends. The article suggests a short analysis of introduction of MOOCs driven in Russia and in the world. In Saint Petersburg polytechnic university active development of mass open on-line of courses is conducted that can be used in the educational process of any institution of higher education, and is actively used in the university itself. In Institute of industrial management, economy and trade of Saint Petersburg polytechnic university online-courses have been introduced into the educational process while realizing the disciplines from 2017. Today the experience achieved allowed to inculcate online-courses in all curricula of POLYTECH. The article also provides the results of change of progress, forms of communications and problems aroused due to MOOCs introduction. The ways to solve the given problems are suggested. The next step in development of education is passing to the construction of adaptive educational trajectories allowing not only operatively to react to the calls of labor-market, but also to prepare the “specialists of the future”.

Metals Leaching in Permeable Asphalt Pavement with Municipal Solid Waste Ash Aggregate

The leaching behaviors of four heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu and Cr) from unbounded municipal solid waste incineration-bottom ash aggregate (MSWI-BAA) and permeable asphalt (PA) mixture containing MSWI-BAA were investigated in the laboratory. The horizontal vibration extraction procedure (HVEP) test and a simulated leaching experiment were conducted on MSWI-BAA with three particle sizes, but only the simulated leaching experiment was carried out on a type of PA specimen (PAC-13) with and without these MSWI-BAAs. Leaching data were analyzed to investigate the leaching characteristics, identify the factors affecting leaching and assess the impact on the surrounding environment. Results indicated that the leaching process was comprehensively influenced by contact time, leaching metal species and MSWI-BAA particle size, regardless of MSWI-BAA alone or used in PAC-13 mixture. The leaching concentrations of Cr, Zn and Pb from MSWI-BAA in HVEP testing was strongly related to MSWI-BAA particle size. The use of MSWI-BAA in PAC-13 mixture did not change the basic tendency of heavy metal leaching, but it led to an increase of Cr and Zn in leachate overall. The leachate from the MSWI-BAA and PAC-13 mixture with MSWI-BAA was shown to be safe for irrigation and would have very little negative impact on surrounding surface and underground water quality.

Analysis of Performance Appraisal Implementation on Organization Performance in Saccos: Case of Kisii County, Kenya

Performance management is one of the important key activities performed by organizations to monitor the performance of their employees. Organizations must regularly evaluate the performance of their employees in order to understand their current and future abilities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of performance management on employee and organizational performance. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design and involved a sample size of 120 human resource officers and managers from selected private organizations in Tanzania. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the results presented using tables. The findings of the study reveal that private organizations practice performance management and have effective performance management system to evaluate/appraise the performance of their employees. Moreover, the findings reveal that there is a significant relationship between performance management and employee performance as well as between performance management and organizational performance. The study recommends the need of the private organizations to maintain and continue practising and implementing effective performance management systems, also to continue evaluating the performance of their employees frequently because it helps to determine training needs and at the same time acts as a motivational strategy hence leads to a better performance of employees and organization. Performance appraisal is the basic tendency to make an evaluation of an individual's work performance in order to arrive at objective personal decisions. It systematically reviews a person's work and achievements over a recent period, leading to plans for the future in personnel psychology. Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies (SACCOs) are voluntary associations to which members contribute regularly their pooled savings and from which they obtain loans for provident and other purposes. Generally, SACCOs are established with the objective of promoting savings and credit with training opportunities on the wise use of their funds. An extensive use of performance appraisal in SACCOs helps in the improvement of individual job performance, promote employee training and development, focus on SACCO goals, encourage teamwork, promote co-operation, improve ability of SACCOs to hire' qualified employees and enable employees determine what it takes to be successful in SACCO movement. The general objective of the study was to investigate the extent of implementation of performance appraisal in SACCOs in Kisii Central district. A descriptive survey design was adopted to conduct the study. It was relevant because it is used to assess attitudes and opinions about events, individuals or procedures. The study focused on employees of active SACCOs in Kisii Central District, Kenya. The data was collected using questionnaires, arranged and grouped according to particular research questions, tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by Software Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study showed that a large proportion of SACCOs (76.0) lacked performance appraisal. Those SACCOS that had performance appraisal (24), carried it out once a year and it was largely conducted by the general manager. To a less extent, the performance appraisal helped the SACCOs to rate the workers strengths and weaknesses. Although it was revealed that performance appraisal helped SACCOs in overcoming challenges at work; unfortunately, many SACCOs did not use it in implementing decisions that concerned workers welfare and job mobility. Keywords: Performance Appraisal Implementation, Organization Performance in Saccos, Kisii County in Kenya. DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-29-08 Publication date :October 31 st 2019

Experimental determination of phase equilibria in the CaO‐BaO‐SiO2‐12 mol pct. Al2O3‐13 mol pct. MgO system at 1573 K and 1623 K

AbstractPhase equilibria of the CaO‐BaO‐SiO2‐12mol pct. Al2O3‐13mol pct. MgO system with a wide substitution range of CaO with BaO have been experimentally determined at 1623 K (1350°C) and 1573 K (1300°C) using high‐temperature equilibration followed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) analysis. The (Ca,Ba)3MgSi2O8, BaAl2O4, BaAl2Si2O8 and Ca2(Al0.46Mg0.54)(Al0.46Si1.54)O7 phases have been designated within the phase diagram. The liquidus temperature initially decreased and then increased for the samples substituting CaO with BaO at a constant (C + B)/S ratio between 1.50 and 1.86. For samples with a constant BaO/CaO ratio, the liquidus temperature showed similar trends with a lower (C + B)/S ratio from 1.22 to 0.67. The volume fraction of crystal phases of the samples as‐quenched from 1573 K (1300°C) correlated well with the variation of liquidus and the primary phases. In addition, the change in the Gibbs free energy of the reactions and the bond parameter (Xp × Z/Rk) of the cations were analyzed, where the maximum change in the Gibbs free energy was found for the formation of Ca3MgSi2O8; furthermore, the stronger basic tendency of Ba2+ than Ca2+ facilitates Ba2+ substitution for Ca2+ and bonding with acidic tendency cations to form Ba‐containing phases.