Basic Rights Research Articles

Old age from the perspective of LGBTQ+ and heterosexual young: A comparative study.

In today's world, the challenges and achievements of LGBTQ+'s throughout their lives are increasingly gaining attention. However, the specific needs of LGBTQ+'s in the aging process and potential challenges they might face during this period are often overlooked. This study aims to demonstrate LGBTQ+'s and heterosexual young's perspectives on old age. This descriptive, cross-sectional comparative study collected data from 230 LGBTQ+ and 201 heterosexual individuals. Data were collected using a digital survey comprising an 8-item Personal Information Form and a 17-item Questionnaire for Opinions Regarding Old Age. Compared to others, LGBTQ+'s consider old age to be a more problematic period. In this study, it was determined that LGBTQ+'s perceive old age as a bigger problem compared to those in the heterosexual group. It was determined that the possible difficulties that LGBTQ+'s expect to face in old age are mostly related to basic needs such as the need for care and lack of social support. In the heterosexual group, concerns about age-related physical changes such as loss of youth were observed more frequently. It is recommended that studies to be conducted and services to be offered in this area should be of nature that would ensure safety of LGBTQ+'s, protect their basic humanitarian rights and respond to their needs.

Examining the Regulatory Frameworks Governing Prohibition of Torture in Warfare

The aim of the paper is to examine the regulatory frameworks governing the prohibitions of torture in warfare to determine their adequacy in protecting civilian populations against torture during armed hostilities. To address the threat posed by torture in warfare against the civilian populations, the regulatory frameworks on International Humanitarian Law (IHL), International Human Rights Law (IHRL) and International Criminal Law (ICL) are examined. It may be argued that although this regulatory framework is aimed at guaranteeing safety of the civilian populations in situations of armed hostilities but are not capable of dealing with the current challenges. The paper employs a doctrinal approach by identifying and analyzing the applicable rules of IHL, IHRL, and ICL. It demonstrates how these laws impact the basic rights of civilian populations during armed conflicts. The paper found that despite the performance of the Tribunals as regulatory measures, they are confronted with several challenges prosecution and enforcement of their decisions. The paper concludes with recommendations that are relevant to address the challenges in order to ensure that the various frameworks are effectively implemented by States to safeguard the civilian populations from acts of torture during armed hostilities.

Advocacy as a key institution of civil society: individual and social dimensions of legal assistance

The article analyzes the place and functions of advocacy as a key institution of a democratic state. The importance of advocacy in the context of ensuring legal protection, access to justice and implementation of the principles of the rule of law is investigated. The role of advocacy as an important element of the legal system and civil society is considered. The transformation of the legal profession’s functions from the basic provision of legal aid to an active participant in the formation of state legal policy, improvement of the legislative framework and development of legal culture is being monitored. The dualistic nature of advocacy, which has both individual and social significance, is emphasized. The importance of advocacy as a tool of public control in the sphere of justice, its contribution to ensuring a fair trial and strengthening the rule of law is highlighted. The correlation between the development of the legal profession and the level of democratization of society, compliance with the rule of law and protection of human rights is analyzed. The status of the right to professional legal assistance as a basic human right that ensures the realization of other rights and legitimate interests is substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the importance of developing effective mechanisms for the legal protection of citizens with the participation of the legal profession. The impact of European integration on the modernization of the legal profession in Ukraine and the need to harmonize it with European standards are considered. Modern problems and prospects for the development of the legal profession in the process of building the legal state are analyzed. The defining role of advocacy in harmonizing the interests of the individual, society and the state, its significance for democratic development and the establishment of the rule of law is summarized. The need for further modernization of the institute of advocacy in accordance with modern challenges is emphasized.

Mending the Fabric: the Contentious, Collaborative Work of Repairing Broadband Maps

In 2011, the United Nations declared Internet access to be a basic human right. Achieving universal Internet access has been a longstanding goal of governments around the world. In the United States (US), provision depends primarily on decisions made by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) driven essentially by commercial market concerns. To encourage deployment in underserved regions, the US federal government has recently allocated unprecedented funding, with distributions guided by the information in broadband maps, spatial representations of current Internet access and quality published by the Federal Communication Commission. Yet, these maps are known to be inaccurate, especially for populations that are marginalized, such as tribal and rural residents. We are interested in the collaborative and contentious efforts to repair the data contained in broadband maps, and particularly by the efforts of citizen groups and local government to counter claims made by ISPs. In this paper, we study these efforts via interviews of 14 individuals involved in various local and regional roles, in policy, IT, advocacy, and research. We draw upon frameworks of repair and of data activism to ask who does this work and why; what tangible and intangible tools are brought to bear; and how the structural context simultaneously empowers and burdens repair workers. In doing so, we make three contributions: (i) we critique the process and system for broadband map repair for the burdens it places on historically marginalized groups to demonstrate how they have been left out of expansion and how their experiences are otherwise silent in official records; (ii) we bring together analytical concepts from repair and data arenas to examine repair work that is substantially shaped by socio, political, and economic context; and (iii) we illustrate how viewing broadband data workers as activists reveals the inadequacy of current tools and the opportunity for better support for their long-term, contextualized, and mediated efforts.

PSIT communication, collaboration, and inclusion: needs, challenges, and current proposals

The 21st century has involved several changes at the social, economic, educational, health, etc. levels, brought about by events of different types, such as, for example, the constant conflicts in different parts of the world (including the Afghan conflict or the war in Ukraine), natural disasters caused by climate change, or health crises such as COVID-19 (Valero-Garcés and Alcalde Peñalver, 2024). These situations have often resulted in humanitarian crises that have involved large-scale population movements (Valero-Garcés and Alcalde Peñalver, 2024). This increase in population movements has been a challenge in itself as it has led to the configuration of new multicultural societies across the globe (Valero-Garcés and Lázaro Gutiérrez, 2016). This new reality implies not only coexistence but also access to basic public rights and services for the host population who does not speak the main language as well as the fulfilment of human rights (Vitalaru, forthcoming); in these different contexts, communication is essential. The very characteristics of PSIT, with its variety of contexts and situations, imply a series of challenges for different groups (users, service providers, and translators and interpreters) related to the provision and availability of services; provision and availability depend on the field in question, the availability of professionals for all the language combinations involved, the existence of training programmes, the quality of the training available, access to such training, etc. These challenges have been identified through the practice of the profession as well as through more specific research and are all related in some way to professionalisation. This article gathers some of the needs and challenges raised in different studies focused on Spain, as well as a summary of the topics covered in the articles included in this thematic issue of the journal. The contributions in this issue attempt to offer, from different perspectives (professional practice, training, and research), results, reflections, and actions considering the variety of PSIT situations and tasks. As this is a special thematic issue, the issue includes only articles and interviews.

Food purchase patterns, food policy recognition, and food environment satisfaction among adults in Jeju, Korea, according to food security: a cross-sectional study

Objectives: Recently, food insecurity has been a major public health issue along with the food crisis caused by COVID-19, climate change, and the polarization of food supply due to socioeconomic disparities. Food insecurity is known to be related to the food choices and environment of the consumer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the food security statuses of adults in Jeju and investigate their food purchase patterns, food policy recognition, and food environment satisfaction.Methods: Based on data from the 2022 Jeju Food Survey, 346 adults aged ≥19 years in Jeju were classified into food security and insecurity groups (quantitatively and qualitatively) using the questionnaire. Food purchase patterns, including purchasing frequency, items, and reasons, were surveyed for local and eco-friendly foods. The recognition and necessity of several food policies and satisfaction with diet and food environment (availability, accessibility, affordability, accommodation, and acceptability) were measured using the Likert scale.Results: Among the total participants, 47.4% were in the food insecurity group. The frequency of purchasing local and eco-friendly foods did not significantly differ by food security status. The insecurity group exhibited a higher recognition rate of basic rights to food (36.0%) than the security group (24.7%, P = 0.023). The recognition and necessity of specific food policies did not significantly differ by food security status, except for the policy of promoting food communities, for which the food security group exhibited higher recognition than the food insecurity group did (P = 0.004). The food insecurity group exhibited significantly lower scores regarding satisfaction toward diet and food environment factors (P < 0.05 for all).Conclusions: Overall, the food security group reported higher satisfaction with their diet and food environment than the food insecurity group. Further in-depth studies to investigate the determinants of food insecurity and effective promotional strategies for food policies are needed.

How the Struggle for Public Health in the Jim Crow South Reflected and Reinforced Systemic Racial Health Inequality

Abstract The twenty-first century COVID-19 epidemic revealed a U.S. public health system that countenanced health inequities and a U.S. public that resisted disease containment policies. This crisis, however, was only the most recent chapter in a longer struggle in the United States to institutionalize public health. We focus on two early twentieth-century public health campaigns in the American South, the unhealthiest U.S. region at the time. Black southerners—denied basic health, political, economic, and social rights under a rising Jim Crow regime—self-organized health services networks, including through the Tuskegee Woman’s Club, the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, and the Moveable School (1890s–1915). Around the same time, a philanthropic project, the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission (RSC, 1909–1914), seeded state-level public health agencies in eleven southern states, thereby installing public health in a top-down manner. We use archival data sources to explore key similarities and differences in the public health concerns and coalition-building approaches of each campaign and southern resistance to their efforts. We find Black-led campaigns often blurred the color line to form coalitions that provided services to the underserved while tackling environmental health risks at the community level. In contrast, RSC affiliates in southern states, as directed by RSC administrators, provided health services as short-term public dispensaries. Services reached Black and White communities willing to participate but in a manner that did not overtly challenge Jim Crow-era practices. Southern resistance to public health expansion persisted under each approach. The legacies of these struggles remain; the political-economic and ideological forces that limited public health expansion while marginalizing Black community health efforts reverberate in public health inequities today.

SOCIAL SERVICE AND THE INTERLOCUTION BETWEEN HEALTH AND SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE ELDERLY IN ANGOLA

This article aims to analyze the interconnection between health and social protection in which Social Services operate, and its impact on the processes of access to basic rights for the elderly in Angola. This debate is the result of bibliographical and documentary research, guided by Marx's social theory. The results demonstrate that health and social protection policies and related services are expressions of the current state of contemporary bourgeois society, whose effects in Angola began in the second half of the 20th century, in the process of implementing dependent capitalism. In this context, marked by contradictions and challenges, Social Services is considered a profession that contributes to the fight for quality access to the rights of the elderly.

The Preferential Protection of Incomplete Labor Relations and Its Future Legislative Approach

Incomplete labor relations are not a definite legal relationship, but a spectrum of relationships between labor relations and civil relations. The concept of incomplete labor relations was proposed in official documents by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments, but it still leaves many issues such as the path, principles, content, and measures of preferential protection to be further studied and explored. The article argues that the preferential protection of incomplete labor relations should choose the "Civil Law +" approach, focusing on protecting the rights related to the basic survival of workers and their basic social rights. At the same time, the content of the preferential protection is not one-size-fits-all, and should reflect differentiation according to specific situations. In the long run, the trend of incomplete labor relations is bound to grow, and it is inevitable that the dichotomy of labor relations will be broken. At the same time, the bundling of social security and labor relations also needs to be dismantled, and the social security system should be transformed into a public service that everyone can enjoy.

Ensuring the right to health care for detained adolescents: cross-sectoral strategies and policy innovations

Abstract This presentation will draw attention to the health concerns of adolescents deprived of liberty, stressing that incarceration of minors should be a last resort. Notwithstanding, when governments allow for incarceration of minors, they must guarantee this does not translate into deprivation of basic human rights and that international treaties are respected, including access to high quality healthcare. This talk outlines the development of a policy brief based on data from the UN global study, which identifies essential health interventions for minors in various forms of detention-migration, youth detention, and adult detention where children reside with their parents. Using case studies from Greece, India, and the United States, shortcomings in existing health systems in detention contexts are stressed. A more recent policy brief focusing exclusively on children detained in the context of migration will be used to provide good practice case studies, where appropriate actions such as changes in legislation were put in place, namely in Canada, South Africa, Ukraine and Ireland. A key focus of the presentation will be the importance of cross-ministerial collaboration, as healthcare in the criminal justice system frequently falls under the jurisdiction of ministries other than health, complicating health policy implementation. The speaker will discuss integrated approaches that involve various sectors to ensure the health rights of detained youth are addressed. The presentation aims to illuminate the systemic changes needed to protect the health of detained adolescents, urging policymakers, healthcare providers, and advocates to adopt holistic and inter-sectoral strategies. The talk will also refer to policy actions and recommendations for Member States to support them in addressing challenges so they may achieve the principles of equivalent care and continuity of care that reflects the recommendations of the United Nations Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty.

Lost Lives: Extrajudicial Killings and the Breakdown of Justice in the Philippines

To live in this world is a great opportunity, but to take away the right to life is against humanity. Human rights refer to the rights that are enjoyed by all individuals, regardless of their nationality, race, or origin (United Nations). The right to express, the right to life, and a life free from discrimination are some of the features of human rights. These rights are protected by the constitution of each country to ensure that individuals live peacefully. However, there are instances where these rights are being violated and victims cannot defend themselves. One of the alarming examples is the execution of extrajudicial killings where people’s basic rights are being denied. There’s no exception in the implementation of the campaign; even the children became targets of the unjust system. Extrajudicial killings became prevalent in the Philippines under the administration of President Rodrigo Roa Duterte. The campaign involves unlawful actions where individuals are executed without undergoing the due legal process. The government actions caught the attention of the international community amidst the anti-drug operations and massive killing while targeting individuals without concrete evidence. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore the effects of extrajudicial killings on human rights and societal dynamics by reviewing existing literature, case studies, and reports, with a particular emphasis on the war on drugs campaign of President Duterte.

Democracy and Human Rights as Pillars of National Resilience: A Theoretical and Empirical Review

National resilience is a strategic concept that reflects the ability of a country to maintain its survival in the face of various threats, both domestic and foreign. Among the various pillars that underpin national resilience, democracy and human rights (HAM) play an important role. This study aims to determine and analyze the relationship between democracy, human rights, and national resilience from the point of view of theory and empirical evidence. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach as a data collection technique. After the data is collected, the analysis process is carried out by sorting out relevant information, then presenting the data systematically to draw conclusions. The results show that democracy has a major role in providing legitimacy to the government, by creating a system where people can participate in decision-making. On the other hand, human rights become the main foundation of democracy, ensuring the protection of people's basic rights, which in turn creates conditions conducive to social growth and development. Some of the theories underlying the relationship between democracy, human rights and national security include social contract theory, liberal democracy theory and social justice theory. Empirically, several studies have shown a positive relationship between the implementation of democracy and human rights and national resilience. This research concludes that democracy and human rights contribute to national resilience by strengthening government legitimacy and creating an enabling environment for social and political stability. National resilience is a strategic concept that reflects the ability of a country to maintain its survival in the face of various threats, both domestic and foreign. Among the various pillars that underpin national resilience, democracy and human rights (HAM) play an important role. This study aims to determine and analyze the relationship between democracy, human rights, and national resilience from the point of view of theory and empirical evidence. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach as a data collection technique. After the data is collected, the analysis process is carried out by sorting out relevant information, then presenting the data systematically to draw conclusions. The results show that democracy has a major role in providing legitimacy to the government, by creating a system where people can participate in decision-making. On the other hand, human rights become the main foundation of democracy, ensuring the protection of people's basic rights, which in turn creates conditions conducive to social growth and development. Some of the theories underlying the relationship between democracy, human rights and national security include social contract theory, liberal democracy theory and social justice theory. Empirically, several studies have shown a positive relationship between the implementation of democracy and human rights and national resilience. This research concludes that democracy and human rights contribute to national resilience by strengthening government legitimacy and creating an enabling environment for social and political stability.

O TRABALHO DO GESTOR PÚBLICO NO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA

In the development of this research, it is possible to present the performance of the public manager in the Bolsa Família program. With a vast field of activity, the public manager collaborates based on his/her professionalism in the construction of a fair and egalitarian society, promoting values ​​that enable a quality of life, such as accessibility to social projects, educational programs and inclusion. The Bolsa Família program seeks to have an important social meaning, where the families assisted and accompanied by the public manager, where the performance of the same can enable accessibility, clarity and commitment to the users. The program contributes not only with income transfer in order to overcome poverty and extreme poverty, but reinforces basic social rights, allowing these families to go further, being able to have a better future through education and health. The presented research brings together a framework of reflections on the theme, analyzing theorists on the respective subject from a constructive and informative approach. The methodology of the referred work is the result of readings and reflections based on different theorists on the respective theme.

Знакомиться нельзя копировать, или История одной таможенной проверки

Although administrative procedures of customs control are regulated to a great extent, a review of the judicial practice provides evidence of violations of rights of verified persons during a customs inspection. The article uses the example of a specific legal case to review problems of protection of procedural rights of a non-public subject in customs relations. The author studies challenging problems of protection of rights and legal interests of persons audited by customs authorities based on materials of Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation No. 22-П of April 28, 2023. The paper reaches a conclusion about discretion of customs and judicial authorities not in favor of non-public subjects, which eventually is able to limit basic constitutional rights of citizens and organizations, in particular, the right to review documents and materials that directly relate to rights and freedoms of an individual in the interaction with public government authorities (Clause 2, Article 24 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). The author assesses the position of customs and judicial authorities from the standpoint of mutual trust between government authorities and audited persons, fulfillment of legal expectations of an audited person, predictability of decisions and actions of government authorities, their responsibility for such decisions and actions.

A Detailed Case Study of Human Rights Violation in Chennai Region with Reference of Union Carbide Corporation Vs Union of India

Human rights include the expression of the need for people to be treated in a fair, decent and humane manner regardless of their ethnic, religious or racial profile. Violation of human rights involves denying human beings their basic moral rights. These violations have been part of human history, and only in the last century has a general consensus emerged that they are absolutely wrong. Perpetrators of human rights abuses range from governments, corporations and organized crime rings to communities and individuals. There are many underlying causes that lead people to violate human rights. There is a temptation to view human rights violations in a one-dimensional construct involving a very simplistic spectrum of evil versus good. The first part of this article examines the view that "human rights violators are not necessarily just evil, but may also be themselves forced into ways of behaving by external circumstances". Violations of human rights are a result of the innate evil nature of the perpetrators, who argue that there are other environmental and biological factors that drive people to commit such crimes. The second part of the paper examines the extent to which fear of the "other" drives the desire to commit war crimes against a perceived rival group. The study is based on a systematic content analysis of official documents, press releases, newspapers, articles and interviews. I quantitatively collected all available information and also identified the most frequently recurring terminology and key words, which were graphically represented whenever possible. It also consists of articles and sections as well as various steps taken as a whole or generally or individually with developments and human rights issues from time to time that help in the violation and protection of people around the world. You will find here a discussion of the issue of Kashmir, humanitarian crises during and after the conflict in Gaza between Israeli forces and Hamas in 2008-2009, the UN's view of human rights violations, the crises caused by the 2006 Lebanon war, the humanitarian disaster in the Darfur province of Sudan (2003- 2010); and finally the political, social and economic crisis in Zimbabwe (2001–2010). The case studies analyzed in this research report reveal a number of similar trends as well as some notable differences. As such, they restrict civil liberties to prevent the emergence and mobilization of dissent in society. Moreover, human rights are at the heart of the European integration process (which was built on the ashes of civil war and genocide) and its long-term aspirations. The fundamental recognition of human rights is therefore always reflected in the EU's foreign policy and external relations.

Associations between people experiencing homelessness (PEH) and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Homelessness represents a widespread social issue globally, yet the risk of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) associated with people experiencing homelessness (PEH) has not received sufficient attention. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the risk of NDDs among PEH and its variation across countries and regions through meta-analysis and systematic review. Searching from databases such as PubMed and Web of Science, relevant research articles on PEH and NDDs were identified. After multiple screening, eight articles were selected for meta-analysis. Statistical methods and models were used to evaluate the association between PEH and NDDs, stratified by disease type and country. We found that PEH had a 51% higher risk of NDDs (OR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.89)) compared with those with stable housing. Specifically, PEH had a significantly higher risk of developing multiple sclerosis (OR = 4.64 (95% CI: 1.96, 10.98)). Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) (OR = 1.93 (95% CI: 1.34, 2.77)), dementia (OR = 1.69 (95% CI: 1.26, 2.27)), and cognitive impairment (OR = 1.07 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.16)) were all at higher risk. Furthermore, country and regional differences were observed, with countries such as Iran (OR = 4.64 (95% CI: 1.96, 10.98)), the Netherlands (OR = 2.14 (95% CI: 1.23, 3.73)), the United States (OR = 1.66 (95% CI: 1.25, 2.22)), and Canada (OR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.10)) showing a higher risk of NDDs among the PEH. The study emphasizes the significant NDD risks among PEH, providing novel perspectives on this issue and shedding light on national disparities influenced by variations in healthcare systems and social environments. This will be beneficial for academia and government to prioritize the health of PEH with NDDs, aiming to mitigate disease incidence and economic burdens while preserving social stability and upholding basic human rights.

Legal Protection of Social Security and Forms of Providing Accountability, Coaching, and Welfare for Indonesian National Athletes

The aim of this research is to analyze the legal protection provided by athletes for those who are not included in the social security program in the event of an injury and old-age pension security. National athletes have basic rights such as the right to education, health and protection from exploitation. They also have the right to receive appropriate rewards for their efforts and achievements in sports. Legal protection is necessary to ensure that these rights are respected and protected. The government has an important role in the legal protection of national athletes, including in terms of funding, coaching, accountability, training, sports facilities and sports promotion. The government also has an obligation to protect athletes from exploitation and discrimination. In order to achieve brilliant sporting achievements, strong legal protection for national athletes is very important. This provides encouragement for athletes to fully commit to their sport without having to worry about any legal issues that may arise. Thus, legal protection for national athletes is an essential aspect in advancing sports and encouraging future generations of athletes to achieve higher achievements.

Public Perception on the Motivations and Implications of the Use and Exploitation of Teenagers as Street Hawkers in Nigeria

Abstract Street hawking is a widespread practice in Nigeria, but the alarming trend of exploiting teenagers is becoming increasingly concerning. This puts teenagers at significant risk, while their exploiters show little or no regard for their well-being and development. To shed light on this issue, we conducted a comprehensive qualitative study using in-depth interviews (IDI s) as our primary data collection method. Guided by Marxian theory and social disorganization theory, we conducted our research in five urban settlements in Lagos State: Agege, Ikorodu, Mile 12, Obalende, and Yaba. A total of ten respondents, both men and women, were selected equally using convenience non-probability sampling. Content analysis was used to analyse the gathered data. Results reveal that the failure and incompetence of the Nigerian government, widespread poverty and unemployment, the need for survival, and the resourcefulness of teenagers constitute the major motivations for the use and exploitation of teenagers as street hawkers in Nigeria. Unfortunately, these motivations come at a great cost. Teenagers engaged in street hawking often face increased exposure to risks and dangers, such as opportunities for delinquent and criminal behaviour, high dropout rates, school non-attendance, poor academic performance, infringements on children’s basic rights, and poor development of children and the country. To address this issue, the study recommends that the Nigerian government, society, families, parents, and/or guardians of exploited teenagers need to be more accountable for the well-being and development of children. This includes providing them with the necessary support, attention, and protection they require.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Cybercrime Investigation: Challenges and Future Directions

Computer and social networking whereby criminals use the Internet to propagate criminal activities are some of the major challenges faced by existing policing strategies. Modern-day crimes include hacking into computer systems and stealing money from consumers, ransomware, identity theft cases, and hacking, all of which use the dark web and encryption. In this regard, artificial intelligence (AI) is the most efficient solution for improving the manner of cybercrime investigation. This paper also analyses how AI technologies such as machine learning natural language processing, and deep learning can be incorporated in cybercrime investigations and how they can assist in dealing with difficulties concerning data volume, complexity, and encryption. The advantages of utilizing AI are numerous from pattern recognition to repetitive tasks cutting down the investigation time. However, the paper recognizes that applying AI in business brings legal, technical, and ethical concerns including; privacy, bias, and legal constrictions. This research analyses existing legal frameworks of India, the EU, and the United States while looking at how it would be possible to incorporate AI into cybercrime investigations without violating the rights of a citizen. Further, it reveals infringement and possible bias, as well as unlawful use for violations, and recounts drawbacks related to the lack of resources and expertise that police departments confront. In the final section of the paper, directions for future research focusing on the use of AI in the fight against cybercrime are given in addition to that, the practice of cooperation with different countries, legal regulation of such activities, protection of ethical issues, and training of personnel are described. They are useful in making sure that the levels of artificial intelligence benefits are achieved fully without compromising security and the basic rights of an individual

Understanding Constitutional Principles for the Advancement of Digital Rights in Palestine

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies raise new legal issues, risks and implications regarding the rights and legal protection of individuals in cyberspace. Constitutions generally protect basic rights and freedoms. Departing from the importance of constitutional protection concerning basic rights and freedoms, this article aims at assessing the constitutional and legal status of digital rights in Palestine, while considering the political and legal challenges. It studies the concept of digital rights and their protection in the Palestinian Basic Law, as constitutional norms. The article finally analyses the available constitutional remedies to address implications of the new and emerging needs to protect human rights in the cyberspace. The article argues that the existing constitutional principles should be understood broadly from a human-rights-centred approach to address risks and implications of technologies on human rights.