Basic Primary Education Research Articles

Theoretical foundations and methodological guidelines for the appropriation of ICT in the pedagogical practice of teachers

The main objective of this study is to propose theoretical and methodological foundations that facilitate the appropriation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by teachers in the pedagogical practice of Primary Basic Education, specifically in official educational institutions located in the urban area of the city of Monteria, Colombia. The research was methodologically based on the epistemic pragmatism model, the Action Research method, under a projective type of research, with a field design. The participation of at least 50 teachers working in other educational institutions of the sector and belonging to the official system of the Colombian Ministry of National Education was arranged. In conclusion, the importance of educational policies and teacher training to support adaptability to the digital world is highlighted

Use of classcraft for the development of reading and writing skills in primary basic education

El artículo presenta el impacto de una secuencia didáctica gamificada en el Desarrollo de la competencia lectoescritora de estudiantes de grado cuarto en una escuela colombiana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 26 estudiantes y se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo del tipo investigación acción educativa. Para la competencia lectora, en el nivel inferencial se observaron avances en algunas operaciones de construcción de relaciones de implicación, causación, inclusión y exclusión. En la competencia escritora, se observó que la combinación de escritura manual y digital es conveniente para una mayor comprensión sobre la estructura de las oraciones, párrafos y textos. Se concluye que las actividades de una secuencia didáctica a través de herramientas gamificadas deben ser llamativas y diversas. Su diseño debe partir de conocimientos y experiencias previas, considerar interrogantes desde lo real y con información sobre un objeto de conocimiento específico. Además, la evaluación debe ser motivadora y promover el aprendizaje significativo, lo cual se puede conseguir utilizando herramientas interactivas que faciliten la solución de problemas y la corrección de errores.

Promotion of the Russian Language in the education system of Tanzania: conditions, demand, «deficits» and potential «growth points»

The article analyzes the program documents regulating functioning of the education system of Tanzania, examines the socio-economic factors affecting its development, analyzes the language policy, as well as the state policy of the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania in the field of education, which is considered to be a strategic factor in the transformation of mentality and the creation of a well-educated nation, sufficiently possessing the knowledge necessary for competent and competitive solutions to the challenges facing the country. The authors identify objectives of the education system of Tanzania, aimed at promoting universal access to quality basic education, including preschool, primary and secondary education; eradication of illiteracy; dissemination of high-quality higher education, providing training of highly qualified personnel necessary for the effective development of all sectors of the economy. The problems faced by the education system of Tanzania, the ways to solve them and the prospects for development are determined. The activities of the Representative Office of the Federal Agency for the Commonwealth of Independent States, Compatriots Living Abroad, and International Humanitarian Cooperation, which is the coordinator of the promotion of the Russian language and culture in Tanzania, are described in detail. The factors influencing the demand for the Russian language, increasing motivation to study it and the demand for Russian education in general among the youth of Tanzania, as well as the formation of a positive image of Russia in the minds of Tanzanians, are identified. The conditions, «deficits» and potential «growth points» of the promotion of the Russian language in the education system of Tanzania are determined. The article presents the results of the survey conducted during the official visit of the delegation of the Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education to Tanzania, which determined the future prospects of the study, which will result in designing a modular training program for teachers of Russian as a foreign language for educational organizations of the United Republic of Tanzania in the system of Russian teacher training education, including a Russian as a foreign language course at a preparatory department, bachelor’s and master’s degree programs and advanced training for teachers of Russian as a foreign language.

Urban public services and fertility intentions of internal migrants in China.

As China continues to implement its progressive fertility promotion policy, there has been a drastic decline in the fertility rate. Given that the migrant population constitutes more than a quarter of China's total population, enhancing the willingness of this demographic to have additional children through policy-guided urban public services is pivotal for optimizing China's population development strategy. This study analyzes the influence of urban public services on the reproductive intentions of the migrant population, utilizing data from 110,667 migrant families with one child, drawn from China's Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring data in 2016 and 2018. The data analysis reveals several key findings: (1) Urban public services, overall, exhibit a notable positive effect on the willingness of the migrant population to have more children, albeit with limitations and a declining trend. (2) Among urban public services, primary basic education significantly impacts the willingness of the migrant population to expand their families. (3) Large cities have created a 'reverse screening' effect on the migrant population, leading to differential access to public services. This scenario caters effectively to the high human capital migrant individuals while reducing accessibility to livelihood public services for the low human capital migrant population. This paper critically evaluates China's progressively adjusted fertility policy from the perspective of the migrant population. It underscores the necessity of establishing a comprehensive fertility support policy system across China.

Reading comprehension and academic performance, an analysis in primary basic education students from Yopal – Casanare

Reading comprehension is a process through which the student shows his ability to analyze, interpret and argue about a topic that he has read and allows him to respond in fields of knowledge and solve problems. This study aimed to relate the evaluation of reading comprehension with the academic performance of primary school students from Yopal Casanare. A quantitative study was carried out, with a non-experimental design, of correlational scope and moment of a cross-sectional study.

Artisanal Fishers Knowledge of Covid-19 and the Impact of Lock Down on Fishing in Igbomotoru Bayelsa State, Niger Delta

The study was conducted with the aimed of identifying the impact of COVID-19 lock down on Artisanal Fishers and fishing operations. Data was collected through face-face interview. Fishers who had 15 years of fishing experience and above were involved in the research. Results showed that Fishers were well informed of COVID-19 pandemic. There was no case of COVID-19. Fishers could read and write as they had the basic primary education. Restriction on movement had major setback on the fishing operations of fishers and intermediaries given the low fish price and reduced movement of fish traders. Landings were very good during lock down. Poor before lock down dwindled down to good after the lock down due to human activities.

Vinala Ramachandran (ed.). Gender and Social Equity in Primary Education: Hierarchies of Access. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2004. 381 pages. Paperback. Indian Rs 390.00.

Education is a basic human right. Over the past sixty years much progress has been made in raising literacy levels across a large cross-section of developing countries. For instance, Pakistan has seen an increase in literacy levels from 15 percent in 1951 to just over 50 percent in 2004. In India also there has been a significant increase in literacy levels. The 2001 Census of India showed that 65.4 percent of the population could be considered to be literate. A breakdown by sex revealed that more males (75.85 percent) were literate than females (54.16 percent). Although the figures are impressive, much remains to be done in India if literacy levels are to be raised to the levels that prevail in the developed world. Thus, appropriate plans, programmes, and projects need to be implemented to provide basic primary education to all children. However, there are two sides to the picture; one that deals with the demand for education and the other with the supply of education. On the demand side, one of the most important factors is that of income of the parents. On the supply side, it is the quality of education being imparted, particularly the level of teaching standards, and the up-keep of school buildings.

Approaches Taken to Ensure Intellectually Impaired Pupils Receive Basic Primary Education at Patandi Primary School Meru District, Arusha Tanzania

The study focused on formative evaluation on Approaches Taken to Ensure Intellectually Impaired Pupils Receive Basic Primary Education at Patandi Primary School Meru District, Arusha Tanzania. This study was guided one evaluation question. This study employed case study design under qualitative research approach where non-Probability sampling techniques were employed. The evaluation study seeks to evaluate the approaches taken to ensure that intellectually impaired pupils receive basic primary education at Patandi primary school. The respondents of this question are the District Education Officer, the ward education officer, the project coordinator and teachers who teach the intellectual impaired pupils at Patandi Primary School. The instruments of collecting data included, Interview guide for teachers, Interview guide to the project coordinator, Interview guide for the District Education Officer (DEO), Interview guide for ward educational officer and observation guide for pupils. Document analysis guide was used to obtain more information about the school. The data was collected and coded, organized, analysed under qualitative approach, then the relevant information was extracted, interpreted and discussed. The evaluator provided the instruments to two lecturers of Mwenge Catholic University who are experts of evaluation from education field to check the extent to which the instruments reflect the evaluation questions and the problem ad their recommendations were considered. The evaluator employed triangulation method for all evaluation instruments to ensure consistence of the information provided by the respondents by making comparison of the information that will be provided. Piloting of instruments carried out in one primary school which offers special education for intellectually impaired pupils in Moshi Municipality. The respondents of the theme under question one are; District education officer, ward education officer, project coordinator and the all 4 teachers who teaches pupils with intellectual impairment. The approaches including announcements and assessment of a child individually and registering a child as a pupil of Patandi Special Education primary school in stage one, stage two or Autism. The conclusion of this study showed that the youngsters with mental disabilities should be enrolled to school to acquire education on basic knowledge that could help them in their daily life. The recommendations showed that Parents/Guardians should be educated on Intellectual impairments that is not caused by superstitions but it is health/intellectual problem of a child. The government should increase number of Special Needs Educational Teachers and motivate them.

Characteristics and experiences of family caregivers in the mental health setting.

To describe the characteristics and experiences of family caregivers of persons with mental disorders in a highly complex institution. Mixed method, explanatory study, with an initial quantitative and then qualitative sequence. The quantitative phase was carried out using validated instruments: characterization sheet of the person with chronic illness-family caregiver dyad; the Nkongho Caregiving Ability Inventory (CAI), and the Zarit burden scale. The qualitative phase was conducted with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach; the information was collected through in-depth interviews to understand the needs of the caregivers. The caregivers were mostly women, mainly mothers and daughters, home-occupied and self-employed, with basic primary education, low socioeconomic level and low caregiving skill level; a significant number of caregivers perceived some degree of overload. The themes identified in the analysis of the interviews were: feeling fear before the disease; the experience of caregiver fatigue; losing one's job: another cost of the disease; fear of delegating care; love: a support for the caregiver; needing support to care. The caregiver experiences a complex situation associated with the high demand for care, and conditions under which mental health impairment progresses.

Parents' Perception of Barriers to the Comprehensive Management of Children With Cleft Lip and Palate in Bogota, Colombia.

To identify the perception of barriers to the comprehensive management of cleft lip and palate (CLP) by parents/caregivers of Colombian children with this condition. Fifty parents/caregivers of children with CLP under 12 years attending a center specialized in the management of craniofacial congenital conditions in Bogota, Colombia. This study consisted of 2 phases: a quantitative phase (descriptive cross-sectional) and a qualitative phase (focus group [FG]). Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to analyze the association variables. The barriers and alternative ways to overcome barriers were analyzed in the FG. Comprehensive management was mostly defined as access to multiple treatments (54%), and this concept was expanded in the FG toward understanding CLP at all levels. Monoparental families spend their income on treatments (29%) than nuclear families (0%) (P = .001). All parents with high education levels were familiar with healthcare centers specialized in CLP as opposed to 66.7% of parents with basic primary education (P < .05). Regarding the timeliness of appointments, 12.2% of parents earning between 1 and 2 minimum wages reported some kind of difficulty, whereas those earning less than one minimum wage reported difficulties in 66.7% of cases (P = .046). All participants reported barriers, which increased or decreased depending on their socioeconomic status. The FG allowed the discussion of alternatives to overcome barriers, such as structural, solidarity, and self-management actions.

Factors influencing households’ vulnerability to desertification in rural communities of Northern Katsina, Nigeria

Rural livelihood and economic development in northern Nigeria has been characterised by the devastating effects of desertification. This paper provides an avenue to examine the peculiar factors influencing vulnerability to desertification among farm households of rural communities in desertification prone areas of Katsina State. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 633 respondents in 18 rural communities from the six local government areas chosen for the study. The research instruments used were questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion. Findings revealed that 93% of the respondents were from male-headed farm households, 71% were above 45 years of age and 80% have no basic primary education. Millet was the most important crop grown and 73% were full time farmers. The main perceived causes of desertification are climate change, deforestation, acts of God and environmental mismanagement. Effects of desertification were manifested in declining crop yields, loss of farmlands as well as the extinction of flora and fauna species. The factors influencing vulnerability of farm households to desertification were the ages of household heads, farming status, size of the households, access to non-farm income, migration and improved seed varieties (p &lt; 0.05). The study, therefore, recommended the need to promote adult education, increase access to improved seed varieties and farm input, encourage livelihood diversification, intensified efforts towards effective management of environmental resources, and the involvement of vulnerable groups in the formulation and implementation of policies aimed at combating desertification.

Primary school enrolment rate, completion rate and gender balancing in Nigeria; the financial inclusion perspective

PurposeThe bedrock of growth in education is at the primary/basic education level, hence there is need to ensure that the populace not only enrolls but complete their education as well as maintain gender balancing. Financial inclusion is essential in achieving financial development which if properly tailored should result in economic growth and development. Education is an important development parameter, therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess if financial inclusiveness enhances primary school enrolment, completion and gender balancing.Design/methodology/approachIn order to ascertain if financial inclusion (financial penetration, access and usage) enhances primary school education (primary school enrolment and completion) and gender balancing (primary school female-to-male ratio), the study employed the vector error correction modeling (VECM) to capture both short- and long-run dynamics of cointegration equations and also, ascertain how the long-run deviations are deemed corrected in the short run.FindingsThe findings of financial inclusion showed a significant positive effect on primary school enrollment but regarding primary school completion rate and female-to-male ratio, the responses to financial inclusion measures showed a completely negative effect. From the foregoing, it is not just sufficient to enroll school children but that they complete their basic primary education, and equally ensure that the males are not favored over the females so as to achieve gender balance literacy in the country.Originality/valueThe study focuses on how financial inclusion engenders admission, graduation and gender balancing in primary school education as the bedrock to formal education in Nigeria.

Comparison between attention and experiences of chronic complex patients: A multicentric study.

The aim of this research is to explore and analyse the functional status and experiences of complex patients located at levels 3-4 of the risk pyramid of the chronic care model in primary care, within the hospital system of two regions in Spain. The design was a mixed design (COREQ). The participants were enrolled in programs for chronic complex patients and their caregivers. Sociodemographic variables were gathered, together with the following measures: the Barthel test, the Mini mental test, the Zarit questionnaire, the IEXPAC scale and the Braden scale. A semi-structured interview was conducted individually with patients in order to explore their experiences and narrative on the process of their illness and the support they had received. The sample comprised 206 chronic pluripathological patients, of whom 103 were from Cantabria and a further 103 were from Mallorca. The patient profile in both regions was very similar. There was an equal distribution across both gender and the patients were over 78years old. They all had a basic (primary) education, an average income and required moderate physical dependence, receiving assistance primarily from their children. The qualitative analysis highlighted patients' awareness of the illness and their concern for the future, noting that, overall, patients were satisfied with the care provided by their caregivers and the health system. We can conclude that is the first multicentric study of these characteristics conducted in Spain, despite it being the country with the second largest ageing population in the world. It is important to test new organisational models with differentiating areas of advanced clinical practice in primary care, whereby both patients and their caregivers can be co-responsible within the care process.

PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN: A CHALLENGE FOR ETHICAL AND VALUES EDUCATION

Esta investigación parte de la necesidad colombiana de desarrollar el pensamiento crítico, principalmente en niños de educación básica primaria, como respuesta a la creciente problemática de conflictos escolares dentro y fuera de las aulas. Esto puede ser atendido desde la implementación de Filosofía para Niños (FpN), porque a partir del análisis de situaciones cotidianas, algunas de ellas convertidas en anécdotas, el docente promueve habilidades de pensamiento que las argumentan y las pasan por el matiz de la crítica. Este proceso se puede articular con las innovaciones que pretende tanto la legislación colombiana, como la educación contemporánea, generando conciencia en el estudiante de soluciones por la vía concertada, llegando a acuerdos y conciliaciones que aborden el conflicto.

Is Specialized Training a Basic Necessity for Special Students Teaching?

Every individual irrespective of their profession, requires requisite training to enable them to do a particular job with reasonable accuracy, achieving desired results. Mid-school is the stage between primary basic education and the tertiary level and in Kenya it is referred to as secondary education that is evaluated with a national examination (KCSE) at the end of the four years. Teachers&amp;rsquo; role in a students&amp;rsquo; performance cannot be underestimated where students with or without disabilities are subjected to the same national examinations. Performance in the national special schools in Kenya does not compare favorably with that of ordinary national schools irrespective of same caliber of teachers in both. This necessitated an empirical inquiry into whether there is need for extra training for teachers in special schools. The study sought to establish the influence of teacher training on the performance of special schools in Kenya. The performance of a school is measured based on the overall mean attained in KSCE examinations. The study focused on the national schools that are in the category of special schools in Kenya. The study is anchored on Behaviorist theory which states that learning is a function of change in overt behavior. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out where data was collected using a self-administered semi structured questionnaire. Study findings indicate that 76.6% of variation in performance is predicted by training implying that relevant training of teachers in special schools is critical in achieving the expected learning outcomes with quality grades in KCSE that are pivotal in determining learners&amp;rsquo; career paths. The study recommends creating an enabling environment and support to teachers willing to pursue training in special education. Further research should be done to determine how the subsector can be adequately funded both for initial and on-the-job special teacher training for special needs schools.

Use of an environment for creating multimedia educational activities in primary school. A technological mediation for the development of mental computation

The purpose is to establish whether activities developed in an author's language, as didactic mediation, affect the cognitive development that allows students to perform mental calculations. It is a quantitative study of a descriptive correlational type, with a target population of 63 students in basic primary education with an average age between 8 and 11 years. It concludes that there is a positive relationship between the use of activities and the development of mental computation in students.

Beyond Claim‐Rights: Social Structure, Collectivization, and Human Rights

Beyond Claim‐Rights: Social Structure, Collectivization, and Human Rights

Estrategias para la enseñanza de la educación física en búsqueda de la calidad educativa

Este artículo propone estrategias de enseñanza de la Educación Física en instituciones de Básica Primaria del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia en aras de propiciar calidad educativa. En consecuencia, la investigación se fundamenta en el paradigma cuantitativo y es de tipo proyectiva; sigue un diseño no experimental, transeccional y univariable. Determina una población conformada por docentes de Educación Básica Primaria que imparten Educación física en las instituciones educativas oficiales del departamento del Atlántico; con una muestra de 30 docentes. En cuanto a las técnicas implementadas se utiliza una encuesta que cobija estas dimensiones: idoneidad docente; didáctica; aspectos curriculares; estrategias educativas de enseñanza y aprendizaje y condiciones fundamentales para la enseñanza. Al respecto, los resultados muestran que las principales debilidades se encuentran en las dimensiones de idoneidad docente, aspectos curriculares y estrategias educativas. En síntesis, los docentes reconocen que su formación específica en el área de Educación Física es una debilidad.

Beliefs about mathematics and academic performance: A descriptive - correlational analysis

The purpose of this report has been to analyze students’ beliefs about mathematics and its relationship with their academic performance. The methodology used is quantitative, coupled to two study analyzes, the descriptive and the correlational, based on a non-experimental type design, correlational-causal transverse, since it seeks to explain the relationship between the variables. The technique used for data collection was a structured questionnaire, of questions of the Likert Scale type, which was applied to 121 students of 3 grade of primary basic education, belonging to a public educational institution of “San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, selected by non-probabilistic sampling. This instrument was submitted to the respective analyzes that determined its validity and reliability. For academic performance the instrument of characterization of skills and procedures used by third grade students in the area of mathematics was used, designed by the all to Learn program of the “Ministerio de Educación Nacional, Colombia”. The results show that beliefs about mathematics, from the perspective of students, are a factor in the academic performance of that area.

Procesos de visualización en la resolución de problemas de matemáticas en el nivel de básica primaria apoyados en ambientes de aprendizaje mediados por TIC.

Las matemáticas contribuyen al desarrollo integral de los estudiantes para su integración a la sociedad; en el departamento del Quindío en los últimos años, se evidencia en los resultados de las Pruebas Saber de grado 3° y 5° que los estudiantes presentan diversas dificultades en matemáticas, una de las causas es la dificultad que les genera enfrentarse a la resolución de problemas. Esto se debe a que muchos docentes en ocasiones dan poca trascendencia a ciertos procesos como sucede con los procesos de visualización, como lo señala Zimmermann y Cunningham (2013, citado por Martinovic, Freiman y Karadag p. 213) la visualización en los procesos de aprendizaje de la matemática contribuye al desarrollo de una comprensión más profunda y significativa tanto de las ideas matemáticas y las relaciones entre los conceptos matemáticos, o desconocen el potencial que poseen los ambientes de aprendizaje y la integración de las TIC, que hacen trascender el aula física, enriqueciéndola con nuevas alternativas pedagógicas y dando a los estudiantes experiencias significativas y mejores oportunidades de aprendizaje. Por lo anterior se desarrolló la investigación bajo una metodología cualitativa de tipo interpretativa (Sampiere, Fernandez y Batista 2010), cuyo objetivo fue analizar incidencias de los procesos de visualización apoyados con ambientes TIC, en la resolución de problemas de matemáticas, por estudiantes de la educación básica primaria, encontrándose mediante la implementación de los software educativos que la visualización juega un papel muy importante en cuanto a los estilos de resolución de problemas de los estudiantes, de acuerdo a la categorización de las tareas propuestas.