Basic Personal Protective Equipment Research Articles

Effects of masks on physiological and thermal responses of college students during outdoor activities

In the post COVID-19 era, people have adjusted to coexistence with viruses and air pollution, and masks have become basic personal protective equipment. However, we know little about the physiological and thermal feedback when wearing masks and performing outdoor activities varying in intensity. We combined mask types (no mask, surgical, N95, and cloth) and activity intensities (light, moderate, and vigorous) to investigate personal physiological and thermal responses in outdoor environments. We had four principal findings: 1) perioral temperature (Talocal) was the highest under cloth masks and perioral relative humidity (RHlocal) was the highest under cloth or N95 masks during moderate and vigorous intensity activities; 2) “breathing resistance” scores were the highest at all stages when wearing masks; 3) wearing masks had a positive effect on the decrease of mean skin temperature (MST), and this effect was the greatest for surgical masks; and 4) during exercise, thermal sensation vote (TSV) was mainly influenced by Talocal and RHlocal in the dead space under masks. TSV was primarily affected by RHlocal and ΔAH under surgical and cloth masks, while TSV was primarily influenced by Tg under N95 masks. Our findings provide basic information supporting mask selections linked to activity intensity in outdoor settings.

Development of Safety Briefing Kit for School of Health Sciences

Occupational safety and health (OSH) briefings for employees and other interested parties are crucial in ensuring the proper dissemination of minimal OSH requirements and information across the organization [1]. The implementation in Malaysia is based on OSH regulations as outlined by the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia. The challenge here is the requirement for OSH briefing shall be different depending on the facility and operations themselves. Adding up, it is crucial for OSH briefing to be delivered with the right content to everyone efficiently and simply but as accurately and easily understandable as possible [2]. Several studies have indicated the multiple types of hazards available in tertiary education settings (i.e., university, college, polytechnic, etc.) which include physical, chemical, biological, electrical, and even radiological [3–5]. As tertiary education settings have multiple types of occupancy ranging from students, academic staff, support staff, contractors, and visitors, the risk of injury to the occupants is feasible. Hence, the objective of this study was to identify the elements of OSH briefing content and develop an OSH briefing kit for tertiary education settings.
 
 Understanding and evaluating elements of OSH briefing require a systematic approach for reviewing documents, both printed and electronic materials, hence document analysis methods were utilized [6]. Reports, articles, books, standards, and guidelines with a keyword of safety briefing were used to filter the identified documents and every identified information on OSH briefing is categorized into larger elements. These produced the total elements needed in conducting an effective OSH briefing. An OSH briefing kit was developed for the School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) based on the identified elements. By utilizing the face validity method [7], the OSH was then discussed and verified by seven experts consisting of the school emergency team. Using an adopted four sections, thirteen questions of five points Likert scale questionnaire were used to assist experts in reviewing the OSH briefing kit. This study has been reviewed and approved by the USM Human Research Ethics Committee (USM/JEPeM/22020125).
 Through extensive literature, there were seven safety briefing elements identified for a good safety briefing [1–3,5,8] as summarized in Figure 1. The scope of the safety briefing served as the learning outcomes must be informed to the participant earlier during each safety briefing session. A specified facility background is necessary as different facilities might have different layouts and arrangements. General safety and security requirements should be stated clearly as each facility is unique and might have different risks. Basic personal protective equipment (PPE) is required to ensure that everyone entering the facility is minimally protected in preventing or minimizing injuries. Common hazards, which are typically identified by a comprehensive risk management process, will ensure that everyone understands the hazards located across the facility while reiterating the necessity of general safety and security regulations and basic PPE needs. An essential emergency procedure provides everyone with an understanding of basic response to the emergency which includes notification, communication, evacuation process, and route including assembly area and accountability process. Finally, the briefing time should be less than 15 minutes to ensure short and precise communications and to minimally disrupt the main activity or operations.
 
 The developed OSH briefing kit was tailored to the School of Health Sciences requirements and consisted of a presentation slide for a manual briefing by respective emergency team personnel as well as the three minutes and 40 seconds of pre-recorded OSH briefing multimedia depending on the availability of non-emergency team members. There were 13 slides in the presentation, each with pre-written text to make the briefing process simpler. School event organizers could have the option to use any of the two materials from the OSH briefing kit. The kit utilizes the elements of effective safety briefing identified earlier. Through the experts' validations process, it was agreed that the OSH briefing kit has good information quality with an average score of 4.26 indicating the accuracy of the content covered. The usefulness of the kit was also consented by experts at 4.52 average score indicating comprehensive general OSH requirement in the school. The OSH briefing kit scored 4.24 on average for usage characteristic and the overall satisfaction of the kit was at 4.29 average score.
 
 It is concluded that in developing an effective OSH briefing, a total of seven (7) elements should be considered to ensure the comprehensiveness of the briefing, hence the novelty of this study. The elements are suitable to be used in developing an OSH briefing for tertiary education settings, but the content should be tailored based on the entity itself. Future studies will include the evaluation of the developed OSH briefing kit for the end-user in understanding the acceptability and understanding of the minimum OSH requirement in tertiary education settings.

Ensuring Market Supply Transparency for Personal Protective Equipment: Preparing for Future Pandemics

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has exposed the opacity of the global personal protective equipment (PPE) supply chain. Dependence on international markets for medical PPE provision has left states vulnerable to price volatility and supply shortages. As the severity of the pandemic fluctuates amidst an ever‐present risk of regional and global public health crises, medical PPE market volatility – exacerbated by the lack of accurate, up‐to‐date, transparent information of PPE international supply conditions – will continue to undermine effective policy responses and the resilience of healthcare systems around the world. This article proposes a WTO/WHO joint initiative to ensure PPE market supply transparency for future pandemic preparedness. It departs from an analysis of the global PPE market, the impact of COVID‐19 on PPE production and supply, and the systemic lack of basic PPE supply chain information at all levels. From this, it identifies the need for PPE market supply transparency and thus proposes creating a PPE market supply transparency system at the domestic and/or international level as a viable solution to enhance transparency and cooperation in preparation for the next pandemic.

HIV/AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Healthcare workers in developing countries are at particularly increased risk of infections from blood-borne pathogens because of the high prevalence of such pathogens in their communities as well as the lack of basic personal protective equipment, such as gloves, gowns and goggles. For those exposed healthcare workers, the immediate administration of antiretroviral drugs following exposure to potentially infected blood or other bodily fluids is essential in order to minimize the risk of acquiring HIV infection. This review is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of knowledge and uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa. We accessed PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, African Journals Online (AJOL), Journal Storage (JSTOR) and EMBASE. The search for unpublished studies included Google and institutional repositories were also used. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was carried out with a random-effects method using STATA v.14software. Out of 654692 studies retrieved, 37studies from four African regions involving 6482healthcare providers were included in this meta-analysis. The overall estimated pooled uptake and knowledge of HIV/AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa using a random-effects model were 40.09% (95% CI: 30.14-50.04) and 57.67% (95% CI: 44.32-71.01) respectively, whereas the highest uptake and knowledge were 45.48% (95% CI: 24.79-66.17) and 61.37% (95% CI: 46.39-76.36) in the southern and eastern regions, respectively. The results of this meta-analysis indicated that the knowledge and uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis, one of the best approaches to tackling HIV/AIDS transmission, are significantly low. Therefore, healthcare organizations should work on strategies to increase knowledge and uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers. Prospero (ID: CRD42021244003).

THE UNEXPECTED WAVE.

In March of 2020, I submitted a version of the following op-ed piece to my local newspaper, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch ( 1 Mueller KL. Letter: Health care workers need more protective gear. St Louis Post-Dispatch. 2020; (Published March 21Accessed November 20, 2021)https://www.stltoday.com/opinion/mailbag/letter-health-care-workers-need-more-protective-gear/article_d7cb5086-c040-5c58-a7ec-e5b479544d50.html Google Scholar ).The TsunamiI am standing on the shore, watching the massive waves build. So far, the tide has receded and the air has stilled, as if holding its breath. Waiting.I am an ER doctor at a large university hospital, and I am terrified. During my extensive period of training and years as an attending physician, I have learned to save lives, endure sleepless nights, give comfort, and master my fears. I, and my colleagues, have willingly sacrificed many aspects of our lives because we love what we do.But, it is harder to do when I know we are not ready for COVID-19. Our teams are working tirelessly to put plan after plan in place to keep our region safe during the first U.S.-based pandemic in 100 years. We scramble to find, save and reuse the most basic personal protective equipment that was disposable commodities two months ago. We prepare mentally for a moment that has already come to Italy, of having to choose who will be saved by the last ventilator, of having to care for critically ill front-line workers, colleagues, loved ones.Will you help us turn the tide, or will you stand by while we are washed away?

Risk perception of automotive fuel poisoning among gas station attendants.

Everyday, gas station attendants ate exposed to numerous toxic substances found in fuels. Benzene stands out among these toxic chemical agents; depending on its concentration, it can cause mucosal irritation or even pulmonary edema. A considerable number of gas station attendants is aware of the risks associated with benzene poisoning, but they are not aware of the risks associated with other automotive pollutants. To evaluate and understand the risk perception of automotive fuel poisoning among gas station attendants in the Sorocaba region, state of São Paulo. Sixty gas station attendants were evaluated in the Sorocaba region. Data were collected between October 2019 and September 2020 using a semi-structured, individual, closed-ended questionnaire whose questions identified the participants' perception and aimed to analyze: the general profile of the studied population; practices for handling fuels and knowledge on their toxic effects, use and instructions of personal protective equipment, symptoms possibly associated with fuel exposure, the participants' perception of poisoning risks, and their participation in occupational medicine programs. The obtained results demonstrated that most gas station attendants wore at least basic personal protective equipment, and some of them reported symptoms linked with benzene exposure. Still, a considerable number of employers does not provide adequate training to gas station attendants, which is possibly associated with inadequate use of personal protective equipment. Our data showed indications of non-compliance by gas station attendants as to the use of personal protective equipment at the workplace, and by employers as to the provision of adequate training.

Prevention behavior of community for spreading COVID-19 in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic caused huge impacts on human being worldwide. The accumulated infected cases are 156,778,078 with 3,272,054 death cases on May 7, 2021. Importantly, not many people practice the prevention behavior of COVID-19 pandemic. This study measured the prevention behavior of COVID-19 in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia by socio-demographic factors and protection motivations from the community. This study used a cross-sectional design which was carried out for two weeks from the end of July to early August. The study involved 385 respondents from 972,635 people in Municipality Pontianak, Municipality Singkawang, and Ketapang Regency, Indonesia. The result showed the majority of the respondent were female (74.3%), in adult age group (61.3%), graduated from university (51.2%), and have a job (64.9%). Multiple logistic regression showed that respondents had no occupation (Adj. OR=1.87, 95% C.I=1.04- 3.37), low perception of self-efficacy (Adj. OR=3.44, 95% C.I=1.98-5.95), and low the evaluated cost response (Adj. OR=1.94, 95% C.I=1.20-3.14) were statistically significant having correlation with poor prevention behavior of spreading COVID-19. The results can be utilized for the promotion of protocol of prevention COVID-19, for instance, provide personal protective equipment (PPE) for people with high-risk occupation including health personal, promote the importance of practice prevention behavior, and control the price of basic PPE including mask and ensure all people have an access to have the mask.

Development of a rapid plasma decontamination system for decontamination and reuse of filtering facepiece respirators.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a high demand for filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), which has brought global challenges in sustaining the supply chain for FFRs. Because respirators are basic personal protective equipment to protect frontline healthcare workers against COVID-19, the chronic, global shortage of N95/N99 masks is one of the most urgent threats to our collective ability to save lives from the coronavirus. The reuse of masks may need to be considered as a crisis capacity strategy to ensure continued availability even though most of the masks are considered one-time use. Moreover, environmentalists warn that single-use masks add to the glut of plastic pollution, threatening the health of oceans and marine life. In this study, we develop a method to decontaminate respirators to reuse filtering facepiece respirators. Samples of SARS-CoV-2 are applied to the 4 × 4 cm2 samples of FFP2 and FFP3 respirator materials. The filtration efficiency of plasma treated samples is measured using a planar particle image velocimetry technique with a neutrally charged polydisperse aerosol particle of NaCl. The measured viral decontamination and filtration efficiencies show that the developed plasma decontamination system can achieve a 4-log reduction for the coronavirus without reducing the filtration efficiency of masks after 5-min plasma exposure. The developed plasma decontamination system demonstrates the feasibility to tackle the acute shortages of FFRs in many countries and their environmental and economic burdens against discarding reusable masks.

A Description of Infection Control Structure in Primary Dental Health Care, Brazil.

Objective This study is aimed at describing a score to assess infection control structures in Oral Health Teams (OHT) in Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil. Methods Secondary data from a national external evaluation of PHC conducted in 2017 and 2018 were analyzed. The construction of the score used 14 variables, divided into the following: structural characteristics of the PHC, infection control equipment under conditions of use, and biosafety supplies in sufficient quantity. The questions were mostly dichotomous (yes/no). Descriptive analyses were carried out to characterize the OHT and factor analyses to reduce the number of observed variables to a specific number of factors. Results Among 20,301 health units with OHT, 4,510 (22.2%) units did not have washable floors, ceilings, and walls; 8,406 (41.4%) did not have a sealer; 16,780 (82.7%) did not have taps with noncontact activation, and 4,663 (23.0%) units did not have rubber gloves. Regarding personal protective equipment (PPE), 1,618 (8.0%) units did not have a sufficient quantity of basic PPE. Three factors were defined to explain the 14 evaluated variables. The South region had the best score of infection control, while the North had the worst. Conclusions Regional inequalities in the failures in infection control structures identified in PHC with OHT were related to the physical structure, equipment, and supplies used for infection control and the absence of PPE for OHT.

Occupational hazards and its relation with health-seeking and practicing behaviors among sanitary workers in Southern, Ethiopia

BackgroundIndustrial and institutional activity, usage, and utilization of items or substances all contribute to waste creation. Solid waste is also thought to contain non-harmful trash from households, particularly whilecooking, organizations, institutions, stores, other business segments, and manufacturing industries. In terms of international and environmental standard protocol, solid waste handling, sewage disposal, and correct disposal have been a major topic of discussion. Methods and MaterialsA cross-sectional quantitative study design was incorporated to assess knowledge, attitudes, practice, and associated factors on the prevention of occupational risks and health hazards among sanitary workers. 321 solidwaste handlers found to be engaged in Bule Hora, Town presently. ResultsThe response rate of samples in the present study was found to be around 91.2% of which the majority were females, those accounted to be about 80%. The median age of the study samples was nearly 30 years. It was found that nearly three fourth of the study samples stated good knowledge on the prevention of occupational health risks. Most of the study participants had a good attitude and less the 10% showed good practice on the prevention of occupational health hazards. Job dissatisfaction was found to be a statistically significant factor along with the use of PPE’s in implementing good practices and work patterns among sanitary workers even afterbeen provided with basic personal protective equipment. ConclusionThe research showed that preparations for implementing fundamental occupational health services, including mandating the use of personal protective equipment and regulating solid waste collectors, should be adopted.

Infection Control Practices Among Private Practicing Dentists in Nairobi During the Pre-coronavirus Disease 2019 Period.

Background: Cross-infection control is a dynamic field that requires frequent updates due to emerging diseases, advancement in technology, and scientific knowledge. Despite wide publication of guidelines, a laxity in compliance to the standard precautions for infection control by dental health-care personnel (DHCP) has been reported globally. Therefore, there is need to review previous shortcomings in order to adequately secure dental practices during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of the study was to determine knowledge and infection control practices by dentists in private practices. The study was done a few months before the first COVID-19 case was confirmed in Kenya.Materials and Methods: The study design was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in selected private dental clinics located in Nairobi. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Convenience sampling method was utilized, while data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.0.0.Results: A total of 71 private dentists participated in the study. Their mean age was 38 years with an age range of 27–55 years. Almost all (70, 98.6%) the dentists were able to define cross infection correctly. Majority (62, 87.3%) correctly differentiated between sterilization and disinfection, while 9 (12.7%) had difficulties. Most (68, 95.8%) of the respondents were aware of the standard precautions for cross-infection control. All participants used face masks and gloves. About half of them (38, 54%) practiced hand washing after removal of gloves and 31 (43.7%) before and after wearing of gloves, while 2 (2.8%) washed hands only before wearing gloves. Only 31 (42.3%) and 26 (36.6%) participants reported use of rubber dam isolation and impervious barrier, respectively. All the dentists reported disposal of sharps into especially labeled containers, while about half reported use of disposable suction traps and amalgam separators.Conclusion: The dentists had a good knowledge on various aspects of infection control measures that were studied. Use of basic personal protective equipment was widely practiced. There were irregularities in hand hygiene, use of rubber dam, surface barriers, and waste management. The work highlights that many dentists were unprepared to manage infectious risk during the COVID-19 outbreak, which justified the closure of the dental facilities. Development of strategies to promote adequate and safe practice is highly recommended.

Nurse Compliance using Basic Personal Protective Equipment in Providing Health Services Nursing Actions

Nurse Compliance using Basic Personal Protective Equipment in Providing Health Services Nursing Actions

COVID-19 and anatomy: Stimulus and initial response.

The outbreak of COVID-19, resulting from widespread transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, represents one of the foremost current challenges to societies across the globe, with few areas of life remaining untouched. Here, we detail the immediate impact that COVID-19 has had on the teaching and practice of anatomy, providing specific examples of the varied responses from several UK, Irish and German universities and medical schools. Alongside significant issues for, and suspension of, body donation programmes, the widespread closure of university campuses has led to challenges in delivering anatomy education via online methods, a particular problem for a practical, experience-based subject such as anatomy. We discuss the short-term consequences of COVID-19 for body donation programmes and anatomical education, and highlight issues and challenges that will need to be addressed in the medium to long term in order to restore anatomy education and practice throughout the world.

Reallocating ventilators during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Is it ethical?

The unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged our society to evaluate our core values and ethics. In a crisis like none other, health care facilities and physicians are now facing shortages of ventilators, beds, and even basic personal protective equipment. Many physicians are already facing a profound ethical dilemma: how to allocate these resources during shortages,1-4 with some hospitals, states, and countries even having to establish policies on which groups of patients to prioritize in providing lifesaving treatment during the COVID-19 crisis.

Preparing to Perform Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery on Patients with COVID-19.

Preparing to Perform Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery on Patients with COVID-19.

COVID-19 Flexible and transparent aerosol box

Poor access to basic personal protective equipment (PPE) is the primary reason for a high proportion of healthcare workers being infected with the 2019-nCoV virus worldwide (1). Intubating a COVID-19 patient is considered an extremely high-risk procedure for the healthcare workers in an emergency room or ICU. Current guidelines recommend a negative pressure room for the aerosol-generating procedures. However, the number of such rooms is limited in low- and middle-income countries. Clinicians rely on personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect themselves from airborne transmission especially during the aerosol-generating procedures. To help the healthcare professionals with an extra line of protection and free range of motion during resuscitation of COVID-19 patients, we have started to use a modified aerosol box in the pediatric emergency department. Our design is based on an open-source original plan presented by Dr. Hsien Yung Lai from Taiwan (2). The fluorescent dye experiment conducted by Robert Canelli and colleagues have suggested that the transparent aerosol box provides additional protection during the endotracheal intubation; however, the restricted hand movement during the procedure was its main limitation (3). We have found that a design based on a light frame and a flexible transparent plastic cover enclosing it could facilitate greater hand movement and enhance the efficacy of the procedure.

The Influence of Safety Practices on Construction Labour Productivity

The objective of this study was to identify the most influencing safety practices on construction labour productivity. One hundred and forty four peoples from contractor, client and consultant companies in the construction industry are the respondents of the questionnaire survey. Thirty one safety practices have been selected from various sources as the questionnaire item. The average index method, Kruskal Wallis test, and factor analysis technique were used to make an analysis and get a result. The result showed that the using of basic personal protective equipment (PPE) and the existence of safe guard device are the most influencing safety practices on labour productivity. The contractor result is the highest score compare with the client and consultant. From factor analysis technique, it is obtain five safety practices groups base on their similarities. This study revealed that the implementation of good and appropriate safety practices can give a positive influence to the labour productivity base on middle management staff opinions.

Personal protective equipment for viral hemorrhagic fevers.

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) encompass many organisms that have caused sporadic outbreaks with high case fatality rates. This article reviews VHF with reported human-to-human transmission and describes updates about personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare personnel (HCP) and others. We summarize existing information about appropriate PPE use, training, and compliance for care of VHF patients in endemic and nonendemic countries, as well as addresses the challenges HCP experience when using PPE. PPE is essential in protecting HCP from exposure to disease-causing pathogens. Recent evidence shows that anyone involved in care, management, and transport of certain VHF patients must use elements of PPE as part of appropriate infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. Strict adherence to standard precautions has effectively interrupted human-to-human transmission of a number of VHF. However, unclear protocols, inconsistent training, climate challenges, and cultural sensitivities impede proper PPE use. Appropriate PPE use can drastically reduce the risk of HCP exposure to VHF. Infections caused by certain VHFs can be highly pathogenic and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Though it is well documented that use of PPE and good IPC practices are critical to reducing transmission, little conclusive evidence exists about the ideal PPE ensemble or components. Concerns with comfort, compliance, training, and usability may impede proper PPE use. Basic PPE elements, used appropriately as part of stringent IPC, must always form the foundation of care for HCP-treating patients with VHF. More research is required to identify the ideal PPE ensemble for caring for VHF patients in various settings.

Carfentanil: a narrative review of its pharmacology and public health concerns.

Carfentanil is a synthetic fentanyl analogue approved for veterinary use. It is a mu-opioid receptor agonist with an estimated analgesic potency approximately 10,000 times that of morphine and 20-30 times that of fentanyl, based on animal studies. Since 2016, an increasing number of reports describe detection of carfentanil in the illicit drug supply. Little is known about the pharmacology of carfentanil in humans. Its high potency and presumed high lipophilicity, large volume of distribution, and potential active metabolites have raised concerns about the management of people exposed to carfentanil as well as the safety of first responders. Exposed individuals exhibit features of an opioid toxidrome and respond to opioid antagonists such as naloxone, although empiric dose requirements are unknown and very high doses may be required. Rare reports of suspected accidental poisoning of first responders have not been analytically confirmed and are unlikely to represent true poisoning. General occupational hygiene measures, including regular decontamination with soap and water, basic personal protective equipment (nitrile gloves, N95 mask, and eye goggles), and ready access to naloxone are generally sufficient in most circumstances.

Molecular and serological prevalence of influenza A viruses in poultry and poultry farmers in the Ashanti region, Ghana

ABSTRACTFor an analysis of the prevalence of influenza A viruses (IAVs) circulating in chickens and their farmers in the Ashanti region, Ghana, we examined 2,400 trachea and cloaca swabs (chickens) and 102 oropharyngeal swabs (farmers) by qRT-PCR. Sera from 1,200 (chickens) and 102 (farmers) were analysed for IAV antibodies by ELISA and haemagglutination inhibition (HI). Avian influenza virus (AIV) was detected in 0.2% (n = 5) of chickens but not farmers. Virus detection was more pronounced in the cloacal (n = 4, 0.3%) than in tracheal swabs (n = 1, 0.1%). AIV antibodies were not detected in chickens. Two farmers (2.0%) tested positive to human seasonal IAV H1N1pdm09. Sixteen (15.7%) farmers tested seropositive to IAV of which 68.8% (n = 11) were due to H1N1pdm09-specific antibodies. AIV H5- or H7-specific antibodies were not detected in the farmers. Questionnaire evaluation indicated the rare usage of basic personal protective equipment by farmers when handling poultry. In light of previous outbreaks of zoonotic AIV in poultry in Ghana the open human-animal interface raises concern from a OneHealth perspective and calls for continued targeted surveillance.