Computer Program In Basic Language Research Articles

DRIFTSIM, A Program to Estimate Drift Distances of Spray Droplets

A BASIC language computer program (DRIFTSIM) was developed to rapidly estimate the mean drift distances of discrete sizes of water droplets discharged from atomizers on field sprayers. This program interpolates values from a large database of drift distances originally calculated with a flow simulation program (FLUENT). The simulations of drift distances up to 200 m (656 ft) included temperatures (10° to 30° C; 50° to 86° F), discharge heights (0 to 2.0 m; 0 to 6.56 ft), initial downward droplet velocities (0 to 50 m/s; 0 to 164 ft/s), relative humidities (10 to 100%), wind velocities (0 to 10.0 m/s; 0 to 32.8 ft/s), droplet sizes (10 to 2000 mm), and 20% turbulence intensity. The program requires about 15.5 Mb of disk space. Variables can be either in metric or English units and input can be either individual droplet sizes or size classes with portion of volume in each class.

Graphic representation of numerically calculated predictive values: an easily comprehended method of evaluating diagnostic tests.

The authors present a brief BASIC-language computer program that calculates positive and negative predictive values from the known sensitivity and specificity of a test over a range of disease prevalences and produces easily comprehended graphs of these relationships using commonly employed graphics software. These graphs permit rapid appreciation of the effect of prior probability on predictive values. They may facilitate selection of the appropriate test for the anticipated setting and avoidance of the unexpected inaccuracies that often result when tests are chosen on the basis of sensitivity and specificity alone.

Carryover — a problem for random access analyzers

1.The EMIT-AED procedures for phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin have been adapted for use on the ABA-100.2.A basic language computer program has been developed for data reduction and quality control.3.Within-run and run-to-run coefficients of variation were, in general, less than 8% across the concentration range tested.4.Performance data on agreement of duplicates and recovery from “spiked” samples were acceptable.5.The automated procedure provides a two-thirds savings in reagents.

A Computer Program for the Prediction of Fragmentation in the Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectra of Peptides

A computer program in BASIC language is described, which allows to calculate the masses of the sequence fragments in the positive-ion Fast Atom Bombardment spectra of peptides.

A BASIC language computer program for intraocular lens power calculations

I present a BASIC language computer program that can be used on a variety of home computers to calculate intraocular lens powers and print this information on a report that can be included with hospital or office records and easily read in the operating room.

Application of the EM Method

The EM (Estimation-Maximization) algorithm is exploited to provide maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of multiple indicator/factor analysis models. This method reduces considerably the storage and computational burden of such estimation. A computer program in BASIC language that performs the computations is listed in an appendix. The specification of correlated errors is also provided for in this application of the method.

41] LIGAND: A computerized analysis of ligand binding data

Publisher Summary In this chapter, a computerized approach for the analysis of data from ligand binding experiments is described. The chapter discusses the use of a computerized analysis strategy with a series of examples of increasing complexity. The analysis makes use of a BASIC language computer program (LIGAND, available from the author uponrequest) that is adaptable to various mini- and microcomputers now available in many laboratories. The computer program facilitates a systematic, objective data analysis by providing efficient estimates of the binding parameters, evaluating the adequacy of fit of the data and allowing convenient formulation and comparison of a variety of models so that the best model among these may be chosen on a sound, statistically meaningful basis. An appropriate, intelligently used, computerized analysis can overcome many of the difficulties presented by graphical methods. First, computers can be heartlessly objective and will always arrive at the same result given the same data. Second, it is usually possible to generalize a computer program to test more complex binding mechanisms. Third, whereas there are three or four graphical coordinate systems in which to view the binding isotherm, there is a unique, “best” coordinate system that may serve as the basis for the computerized analysis—that is, the system in which the data were originally collected. The computer program described here I provides a means of obtaining maximally efficient estimates of the parameters of the specified model with their standard errors and the correlation matrix for the various parameters.

670B MICROCOMPUTER SIMULATION OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN A SICK NEWBORN

Mechanical ventilation in caring for sick newborns is an important element of pediatric resident and medical student training. Practical learning is now accomplished by actual patient care in the newborn intensive care unit. The purpose of this program is to provide an interactive, hands on learning experience for pediatric house staff and students.A BASIC language computer program was developed utilizing the alveolar-air equation and reported data on oxygen consumption, airway resistance and lung compliance to calculate oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions. Utilizing these calculations, the student is presented with a hypothetical patient and is required to enter appropriate orders to adequately ventilate the child. Various other metabolic parameters, such as hematocrit, blood pressure and bicarbonate level must also be watched for their effects on the newborn's status.The program has been extensively tested and has been found to give a relatively accurate simulation of the sick newborn on a mechanical ventilator. One group of students was given an objective written test before and after spending time with the computer. With no other instruction than that given by the program, their scores went from 60% (±7) to 72.5 (±8.7). This improvement is significant at a 95% confidence level.

Automation of diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital measurements using the ABA-100 with emit reagents

1. The EMIT-AED procedures for phenobarbital and diphenylhydantoin have been adapted for use on the ABA-100. 2. A basic language computer program has been developed for data reduction and quality control. 3. Within-run and run-to-run coefficients of variations were, in general, less than 8% across the concentration range tested. 4. Performance data on agreement of duplicates and recovery from "spiked" samples were aceptable. 5. The automated procedure provides a two-thirds savings in reagents.

A versatile teletype plotting program

A computer program in BASIC language has been developed which will plot on a Teletype terminal the results of a stochastic simulation such as Brownian Motion.

THE ECUMENICAL PROJECTION

The Ecumene, or inhabited world as known to the Greeks and Romans, occupied an arc including Western and Southern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and Central, Southern, and Eastern Asia. In order to map this area with minimal distortion, a special map projection was devised, the "Ecumenical Projection." This projection is an oblique case of the Albers Equivalent Conic, with the projection pole at 60°N, 75°E, and standard parallels at transformed latitudes of +45° and +65°. A BASIC-language computer program was written to calculate graticule coordinates for this projection for any desired area and scale, and is available from the writer. The Ecumenical Projection was found to represent all portions of the "civilized" Ecumene with a high degree of accuracy and should be of use to historical geographers interested in this area and period.