Basic Individual Values Research Articles

Can personal values moderate players’ affective states?

AbstractBased on self-determination theory and Schwartz’s refined theory of basic individual values, the aim of the study was to examine whether adolescents’ personal values might be moderating the relationship between coaches’ perceptions of interpersonal styles, and the affect they experience in relation to their basketball practice. A sample of 233 Spanish male basketball players between 13 and 14 years of age (M = 13.97, SD = 0.18) who were participating in a national competition were assessed. The Spanish versions of the Sport Climate Questionnaire (SCQ), the Controlling Coach Behaviors Scale (CCBS), the Portrait Values Questionnaire-Revised (PVQ-R) and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) were used to measure the variables of interest. Results reveal that for players who prioritize self-enhancement values, perceiving their coach as autonomy-supportive significantly reduces their negative affect. Moreover, prioritizing self-transcendence values neutralizes the positive effect of a controlling style on negative affect. This study highlights the relevance of identifying personal values in order to enhance positive affective states. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance for coaches to work using more autonomy-supportive strategies and avoid working with the use of controlling behaviors to promote positive affect and to prevent negative affect in order to avoid possible dropout from the sport.

Happiness among Nonstandard Employees in Europe: The Role of the Worker’s Value Orientation and Sources of Social Support

This study explored self-reported happiness among nonstandard (part-time, temporary, and no-contract) employees in Europe. Rooted in Theory of basic individual values and the modified Buffer hypothesis, it focused on the role of worker’s value orientation and sources of social support/social buffers. Data stemmed from European Social Survey 2018 and Eurostat datasets, and was analyzed using multilevel modeling. As an introductory insight, “feeling good”, i.e., happiness was found associated with the respondents’ age, sex, and income – in favor of younger employees, women, and those with higher salaries. The value orientation identified as beneficial for happiness included being an “open hedonist” and not caring much about being “powerful”. Related to social buffers, happiness was positively associated with household-provided support, whereas support from welfare state policies, trade unions, and prosperous socio-economic environment had no effect.

Does threat trigger prosociality? The relation between basic individual values, threat appraisals, and prosocial helping intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04829-1.

Basic values moderate the effects of emotional display rule demands on emotional exhaustion

We examined if basic individual values qualify the relationship between emotional display rule demands (DRDs) and emotional exhaustion at work. We drew on Schwartz's Value Theory to test this idea. In partial support of our hypotheses, DRDs are unrelated to emotional exhaustion among people with higher standing on Conservation values (security, conformity, and tradition), who find compliance with DRDs less burdensome than people with other values. These findings provide insight into why some people can better persist under the pressure of DRDs than others.

Beyond a mediocre customer experience in the circular economy: The satisfaction of contributing to the ecological transition

This article aims to understand and explain the differences in circular (versus traditional) economy consumption habits. It explores the customer experience's role in influencing satisfaction and reuse decisions. Data is collected through a mixed-methods case study. Specifically, the article looks at an innovative ecological sanitation system for urban households aiming at collecting human waste for valorization. Among the participating households, 46 persons provided data: 12 were interviewed about their motives for and experience of using dry sanitation and participating in the waste collection process, 42 answered a user profile survey focusing on demographics and basic individual values, and 36 submitted diary entries (123 in total) providing detailed descriptions and evolutions of their experiences. Based on this rich dataset, the findings highlight that the customer experience is largely inferior to that of using traditional sanitation systems because it is inconsistent, inconvenient and requires significant customer efforts (e.g., voluntary participation, creativity, and bricolage skills). Nonetheless, this mediocre experience is counterbalanced by the customer's personal values and beliefs, as well as the satisfaction of achieving a more responsible and sustainable activity.

The study of value orientations of Kazakh students on the basis of the theory and methodology of basic individual values of Sh. Schwartz

  This article is devoted to the study of the value orientations of Kazakh students on the basis of the theory and methodology of basic individual values proposed by the professor of Jerusalem University Sh. Schwartz. The object of the study – students of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. The purpose of the study: to study the socio-psychological characteristics of the value orientations of Kazakh students. To achieve the goal, an applied empirical study was conducted using the “Methodology for measur- ing cultural value orientations (SVS – Schwartz Value Survey) using the Google Forms platform. Based on the analysis of the results of the study, it was concluded that value orientations are a complex socio- psychological phenomenon that characterizes the direction and content of an individual’s activity, de- termines a person’s general approach to the world, to others, to himself. In Kazakh students, the formed values fully manifest themselves in the sphere of moral consciousness, moral deeds and personal moral (spiritual) properties, but, nevertheless, there is a conflict between values – ideals and values – priorities. Thus, addressing the phenomenon of value orientations as a special subject of socio-psychological research seems relevant not only in a theoretical, but also in an empirical context. Such an analysis to- day seems to be especially relevant for the further development of Kazakhstani society in the renewing social, political, economic, cultural conditions caused by the transformations that have taken place in the country in recent days. Key words: students, socio-psychological characteristics, value orientations, Kazakhstani society.

Gender differences in values among representatives of the millennial generation

This article examines gender differences in basic individual values among representatives of the millennial generation and older generations. Values are stable characteristics of a person that determine goals, judgments, actions, and behavior. The structure of values depends on various factors, such as age, gender, social status, education, etc. Generational differences influencing the formation of values are of particular interest. The main focus of the work is aimed at studying the generation of millennials, who now make up the most active part of the population. In total, the study involved 949 people, 528 women and 421 men aged 18 to 70 years. The respondents were divided into 3 groups according to the years of their birth: the generation of stagnation (315 people, 46 % women), the reform generation (310 people, 61 % women), the generation of millennials (324 people, 59 % women). The Portrait Questionnaire by S. Schwartz was used to assess personal values. The questionnaire reveals 10 basic values: Security, Conformity, Tradition, Self-Direction, Stimulation, Hedonism, Achievement, Power, Benevolence, and Universalism. The main results of the study include the identified gender differences in the group of millennials in the Self-Direction, Security, and Power. Men of the reform generation (who grew up in the 1990s) have significantly higher preference of Stimulation than women of the reform generation and representatives of the generation of stagnation. Conformity, Tradition, Hedonism, and Achievement have the same value among men and women regardless of age in our society. In general, compared to older generations, young millennials prefer the values of Self-Enhancement and Openness to Change as opposed to the values of Conservation and Self-Transcendence.

Value system of female students studying at pedagogical universities with different levels of antisocial creativity

Introduction. The relevance of this research is due to the need to identify predictors of implementation of negative creative ideas in future teachers’ activity. The research purpose is to analyze the link between the level of antisocial creativity and values of two levels: as standardized ideals and individual priorities. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Moscow City Pedagogical University and in the State-Funded Educational Institution “Omsk State Pedagogical University” (N=109) using the following methods: a questionnaire “Behavioral Features of Antisocial Creativity” (by M. Ranko as adapted by N.V. Meshkova, S.N. Enikolopova, O.V. Mitina and others) and the Basic Individual Values Scale by Sh. Schwartz. Student’s t-test was conducted to compare data in each group and two polar (contrast) groups. Research results. It was revealed that with a similar set of values, both standardized ideals and individual priorities, among female students with a high level of antisocial creativity, at the level of standardized ideals, the value of “tradition” is the most insignificant value (2.56), among female students with a low level of antisocial creativity – “power” (3.1), the most significant value in both groups is the value of “independence” (5.41 and 5.29). At the level of values as individual priorities among students with a high level of antisocial creativity, the most significant value is “hedonism” (2.92), the most insignificant one is “tradition” (0.72); among students with a low level of antisocial creativity, the most significant value is “independence” (2.7), the most insignificant one is “power” (0.58). Female students of pedagogical specialties with a high level of antisocial creativity have significantly lower values related to social focus (the value of tradition – 2.56, while in the group of students with a low level of antisocial creativity – 3.56; temp = 2.2, p≤0.05; safety – 4.36, in the group of students with a low level of antisocial creativity – 5.05, temp = 2.3, p≤0.05), and the values of personal focus are significantly higher (“power” – 1.85, in the group of female students with a low level of antisocial creativity – 0.58; temp = 2.9, p≤0.05). At the level of values, both standardized ideals and individual priorities among female students with a high level of antisocial creativity, the most insignificant values are the values of social focus – “tradition”, among female students with a low level of antisocial creativity – an individual focus on “power”. Research prospects. The identification of personal predictors of antisocial creativity in future teachers, both female and male students, as well as environmental factors contributing to the manifestation and overcoming of antisocial creativity in the pedagogical activity, is of particular importance.

The thrill of a smart purchase: Does country matter?

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship of Schwartz's theory of basic individual values to smart shoppers' predisposition to purchase store brands, considering the mediating role of the smart shopper self‐concept and the moderating role of the country of origin. After an initial qualitative analysis, survey data were collected from a sample of 868 shoppers in four western countries (Spain, France, Germany and the United States). Then, a series of statistical estimations was developed through structural equation modelling. The results of these sequential models showed metric equivalence, providing a basis for generating valid comparisons among the four countries. The final findings corroborate the idea that the individual's value structure has a direct and positive effect on the smart shopper self‐concept and that this effect in turn influences the shopper's attitude towards store brands. The results also show that although the dimensions of the buyers' value structures are cross‐country invariant, the set of values that best define smart shoppers differs significantly by country. Mixed results are found when the relationship between the smart shopper self‐concept and the attitude towards store brands is analysed for each individual country. These outcomes offer international retail managers guidance on how to best stimulate smart shoppers' positive responses towards store brands.

Взаимосвязь ценностей и эмиграционных намерений студенческой молодежи г. Смоленска

Objectives. Define the relationship between values and emigration intentions of student youth. Background. In the current conditions of growing emigration sentiment and real emigration behavior of Russian youth, the problem of identifying psychological predictors of emigration intentions of students as a group characterized by expressed cognitive motivation, high educational level, social activity and mobility is particularly significant. Study design. The author draws on the provisions of A. Aisen’s theory of planned behavior and S. Schwartz’s theory of basic individual values. A face-to-face anonymous questionnaire was conducted on the basis of the four largest universities in the city of Smolensk. The choice of the region is due to its border situation and low indicators of economic development. Participants. 255 students aged 17 to 24 (47% young man and 53% young girls). Measurements. The main empirical method was poll. The questionnaire included “Portrait Value Questionnaire” (PVQ-RR) by S. Schwartz, closed questions to identify emigration intentions and open and closed questions to identify socio-demographics data of respondents. Data processing methods were used. These were frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, α-Chronbach, structural equation modeling (SEM). Results. The desire to emigrate from Russia is expressed in more than half of respondents. Statistically significant connections of emigration intentions of respondents and meta-values “Conservation” (negative interrelation), “Self-Transcendence” and “Self-Enhancement” (positive interrelations) have been found. Conclusions. The emigration sentiment of most student youth is passive and not linked to active activity. The relationships between meta-values and emigration intentions confirm the presence of two different types of emigration motivation in modern students. On the one hand, tolerance, understanding, care, justice and their implementation in the future in the country of planned stay are significant for them. Emigration, on the other hand, is an opportunity to gain wealth and power. Denying the value of the “Conservation” meta-value is more the value basis of emigration readiness than the manifestation of a particular emigration motive.

Turismo sostenible en empresas turísticas vacacionales. Motivaciones y limitaciones en la implantación de medidas sostenibles en Cataluña

The implementation of sustainable measures in vacational tourism areas has become something of a necessity to ensure their subsistence, but tourism companies seem to have certain difficulties in incor‑ porating them into their organizations. The objective of this article is to analyse what are the motivations and limitations for a tourism company when deciding to implement sustainable measures. For this, the tools proposed by two theories on individual behaviour and values have been used, the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior and the Refinement of the Theory of Basic Individual Values, to analyse three tourist brands within the general Catalonia brand platform. The article provides an understanding of the behav‑ iour, beliefs and values of companies and their managers when adopting sustainability measures and detects the motivations and limitations that influence their involvement in the objectives of the destination

Management of Competitiveness of Metropolis Public Transport in the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Core Consumers’ Values

The aim of the paper focuses on generating insights into the competitiveness of public transport in Moscow City in relation to the use of personal cars, considering individual basic consumer values and environmental factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research question in this study is: how can we assess the main indicators of public transport’s competitiveness, which can motivate personal car owners with specific basic values to change the transportation mode for personal mobility? This conceptual research model combines the content analysis of publications and large-scale online survey of Moscow City’s car owners—potential consumers of public transport services—on a representative quota sample of 1263 respondents. The methodology includes the axiological approach for the identification of the main factors of consumer behavior of personal car owners in the city with combinations of the modified Schwartz’s methodology of the basic individual values evaluations. Secondary data manifested the changes in the behavior of car owners due to the fact that they value metropolitan environmental degradation and changed their transportation preferences to public transport even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the factor and cluster analysis of the value profile of the individuals, seven clusters of car owners were identified, and two large clusters were selected as target segments for public transport services. The conclusion was made that it is necessary to differentiate social and marketing programs to promote the competitiveness of public transport in the minds of consumers.

No man is an island: Psychological underpinnings of prosociality in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, sustainable forms of collective resilience help societies coping cohesively with unprecedented challenges. In our empirical contribution, we framed collective resilience and cohesion in terms of prosociality. A study carried out in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak in the UK (N = 399) articulated basic individual values, ideological orientations (i.e., authoritarianism and social dominance orientation), and core political values in a comprehensive framework to predict bonding and bridging forms of prosocial intentions, and prosocial behaviors directed towards vulnerable groups. According to our findings, people whose worldview incorporates collective and collaborative principles cared more about others' welfare. Jointly, self-transcendence, equality, and accepting immigrants predicted more prosociality, whereas social dominance orientation predicted less prosociality. Over and beyond all other predictors, self-transcendence uniquely predicted prosocial intentions and behaviors alike. To conclude, we suggest interventions to promote and sustain prosociality among people motivated by a larger array of life goals and worldviews.

Zooming-in value-in-use through basic individual values

To overcome the vagueness that Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) scholars have found in conceptualisations of value-in-use due to the existence of different denominations and perspectives, this conceptual paper analyses the SDL literature, finding both value-in-use proposed as a comprehensive denomination, and resources, institutions, and time proposed as its main elements.<br/> Focusing on individuals as beneficiaries of value-in-use, the paper infuses the theory of basic individual values from social psychology in SDL, leading to three propositions that stress the ways in which basic individual values affect individuals' perceptions of resources, institutions, and time. Therefore, basic individual values act as lenses through which beneficiaries perceive flows of resources, institutions, and the time during which use occurs, thereby clarifying why value-in-use is always uniquely and phenomenologically determined by the beneficiary.<br/> This conceptual paper proposes basic individual values as micro-foundations of value co-creation, reveals ways to define the perceived value of resources, and leads practitioners to set value propositions according to basic individual values.

Personal Values Associated with Prosocial Decisions.

Social situations require people to make complex decisions, sometimes involving different outcomes for the self and others. Considering the long-lasting interest scholars are showing in the topic of social decisions, the aim of the current article is to add to this research line by looking at personal values as possible factors associated with a preference for more self-maximizing or cooperative choices. In a general adult sample (N = 63), we used the Social Value Orientation (SVO) slider measure to investigate participants’ tendency towards prosocial or proself outcomes. We also administered a personal values questionnaire, measuring 19 basic values, organized in 4 higher-order values. Building on the theory of basic individual values, we expected self-transcendence to be positively associated with more prosocial orientations. Our main result confirmed that self-transcendence was positively correlated with SVO whereas no other higher-order values were associated with SVO. Our data also revealed that inequality aversion was the primary motivation of prosocials, and this result was unrelated to gender effects or the personal values under investigation.

The network architecture of individual differences: Personality, reward-sensitivity, and values✰

Individual differences in behavioral dispositions, values and motivation systems have been investigated in relative isolation from each other. We investigated the network structure of indicators derived from Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, Five-Factor Model and Basic individual values in a large sample of young adults (N = 749). The network showed evidence of a small world structure indicating a small number of densely connected networks is sufficient to describe human personality. We identified a number of nodes (indicators) that were central within the network. An Exploratory Graph Analysis suggested ten distinct network clusters, which varied in terms of behavioral approach versus inhibition; exploration vs constraint and self/ego vs social orientation, demonstrating the complexity of individual differences from a motivational-situational perspective. A more complex dimensional exploration of personality networks allows for a more nuanced understanding of how personality systems can be motivated within specific environments and towards different internal or external targets.

Personality traits, basic individual values and GMO risk perception of twitter users

The present study investigates how the most foundational factors to individual differences – personality traits and personal values – affect the perceived safety of genetic modification and their relative importance. Publicly available communication data from 522 Twitter accounts discussing genetically modified foods and their safety was processed in two steps. First, accounts were categorized by the researchers as viewing GM foods as either safe or not safe. Second, using the IBM Watson platform, the Twitter communication data were subjected to lexical analysis to assign scores according to the Five Factor Model for personality traits and Schwartz’s basic individual values to the individual accounts. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine how perceived GM food safety is linked to personality traits and individual values. Although both traits and values significantly contribute to explaining GM attitudes, personality traits strongly moderate the effect of individual values on risk perception.

Relationships Between Personal Values and Leadership Behaviors in Basketball Coaches.

Background: Based on the refined theory of basic individual values and transformational leadership theory, this study focuses on the associations between coaches’ value priorities and their transformational leadership behaviors, exploring the potential mediation versus moderation effect of two alternative variables in this relationship: perceived club pressure or an autonomy supportive environment.Methods: Participants were 266 basketball coaches (85.7% men) from 17 to 66 years old (M = 32.82, SD = 9.2) from 119 different Spanish clubs. On average, they had worked for their current sport clubs for 5.02 years, and they had a mean of 11.10 years of experience. The coaches were all Spanish speakers, and they trained players at different levels of competition.Results: The stronger the importance of the coaches’ self-transcendent values (i.e., universalism and benevolence), the more they displayed transformational behaviors (i.e., individual consideration, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and fostering acceptance of group goals) toward the basketball players and perceived a more autonomy supportive environment and lower pressure from the club. Coaches who held conservation values (i.e., humility and face) displayed inspirational motivation behaviors. When coaches held openness to change values (i.e., stimulation and self-direction thought), they tended to display inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation. Finally, coaches who held beliefs in self-enhancement values (i.e., power) displayed lower transformational behaviors (intellectual stimulation and fostering acceptance of group goals) toward their basketball players, and they perceived higher pressure from the club and a less autonomy supportive environment. Moreover, the club’s autonomy supportive environment played a mediator role between self-transcendence values and some transformational behaviors; however, moderator effects were not significant, with the exception of coaches with self-enhancement values, who tended to avoid intellectual stimulation to a larger extent when they perceived high levels of pressure at the club.Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of identifying the value base on which to develop transformational leadership programs in order to enhance positive experiences in the sport domain.

Взаимосвязь базовых человеческих ценностей и электорального поведения

The present study is aimed at investigating the relations between the basic individual values of Russians and their political behavior, which based on electoral behavior and electoral attitudes. In our study we use a method based on the theory of basic human values in order to understand by which universal human values Russians are guided and driven when choosing a particular candidate for the presidency of the Russian Federation. An empirical study based on the results of a representative survey in two Federal districts of Russia, held shortly after the elections. The empirical analysis showed basic values of respondents are related to their political preferences. The study showed that, firstly, the main opposition of values associated with the results of the election, is "conservation" — "openness to change". Secondly, voting for most candidates is associated with the values of "conservation", which indicates the absence of significant differences in the values transmitted by Russian policies. This paper considers which of the values are prompted the electorate to vote for each of the candidates (Putin, Zuganov, Prokhorov, Zhirinovsy, and Mironov). The article was prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Program at the National Research Univer- sity Higher School of Economics (HSE) and supported within the framework of a subsidy granted to the HSE by the Government of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Global Competitiveness Program.

Динамика в основните индивидуални ценности при български студенти във възникваща зрелост – 18-29 г.

Статията прави съпоставка на данни от три емпирични изследвания, реализирани през 1995, 2005 и 2015 г. с методиката на Шалом Шварц за измерване на основни индивидуални ценности (Schwartz Value Survey – SVS; Schwartz, 1992) сред студенти на 18-29-годишна възраст. Целта е да се проследи динамиката в значимостта и йерархията на ценностите в тази възрастова група, който е слабо анализиран в психологическата литература проблем. Резултатите от проучването разкриват, че в рамките на 20-годишния период се увеличава значимостта както на индивидуалните, така и на колективните ценности. Ценностните приоритети не се изменят във времето, но стават по-амбивалентни – към себенасочеността се присъединява сигурността и конформността при ценностните категории, а към откритостта към промени и себетрансцедентирането – консерватизмът при полюсите на ценностните дименсии. В резултат на интензивното нарастване на някои колективни ценности като конформността и консерватизма през 2015 г. колективните интереси имат превес над индивидуалните. Изследването повдига някои въпроси, свързани с особеностите на ценностните модели в тази възрастова група и тяхната промяна в посттоталитарен контекст.