Basic Human Necessities Research Articles

Analyzing the Views of Religion in the Individualism of Moralism Between Religions

Moralism is a global phenomenon that can be found in various societies that adhere to "world religions" such as Judaism, Hinduism, Christianity and Islam. The purpose of this research is to know that the faith of religion is entirely based on their individual and personal achievement, and given by the pride given to the personal experience that guides everyone in their own way. Religion is a basic human necessity, because religion is a means of defending itself against all acts of violence that threaten human life. Religion gives meaning to individual life and also gives hope for survival after death. Religion can be a human tool to rise from the world's life of suffering, to achieve spiritual independence. Religion as a symbol of society is no longer visible since religion has been established as religious institutions, institutional religions in principle create a good institutional regime based on faith validation, using a secure president according to the authoritarian organisation that conforms to each tradition, in connection with the line of religious descent. Religion has become a legitimate tool for a group of people who have economic and political resources.

Effectiveness of Webinar Assisted Nutritional Education Program on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Nutrition in Special Situations among Undergraduate Students of Institutes Under Kalgidhar Trust - Baru Sahib, India

Nutrition is a basic human necessity as well as a requirement for a long and healthy existence. During special occasions like fairs, festivals as well as in situations of disasters or pandemics like COVID 19, the nutrition pattern get affected and fluctuates which again highlights the importance of maintaining healthy nutrition status in the midst of these situations. The aim of study was to assess the effectiveness of nutritional education program on knowledge and attitude regarding nutrition in special situation among undergraduate students. Pre-experimental (one group pre and post- test design) was carried out in this study. Using non-probability voluntarily sampling, 156 undergraduate students were selected from selected institutes of Kalgidhar Trust Baru Sahib. Self-structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale were used to collect the data from study participants through google form media. After pre-test 2 online sessions conducted on nutrition in special situations through google meet, after 7 days of intervention post-test was conducted through same media. The results showed pre-test knowledge score was increase from 14.8 with SD 5.5 to post-test mean score was 25.3 with SD 3.5. Attitude pre-test score was increase from 32.3 with SD 2.6 to post-test mean score was 44.5 with a SD 2.62. In pre-test 104 (66.7%) had inadequate knowledge, 44 (28.2%) had moderate adequate knowledge and 8 (5.1%) had adequate knowledge; for attitude 4 (2.6%) had negative attitude, 149 (95.5%) had neutral attitude and 3(1.9%) had positive attitude. In post-test 9 (5.8%) had inadequate knowledge, 26 (16.7%) had moderate adequate knowledge and only a small number 121 (77.6%) had adequate knowledge; for attitude 8 (5.1%) had neutral attitude and 148(94.9%) had positive attitude no one had negative attitude. Thus, there was a significant increase in knowledge and attitude regarding nutrition in special situation at the level of p < 0.001 it revealed effectiveness of nutritional education program. Pre-test knowledge and attitude score had weak negative correlation (r= -0.06) and post-test knowledge and attitude score had moderate positive correlation (r= 0.21). The study findings revealed significant improvement in post-test knowledge and attitude which showed the effectiveness of nutritional education program. So webinar assisted nutritional education program in special situations will help to reduce the health diseases and boost immunity among undergraduate students.

The Significance of Clothing in Figure Sculptures

Changes in clothing styles symbolize the continuation of history because clothes are a basic human necessity. The role of clothing has evolved over time from its primary purpose of providing warmth and modesty, to being a way to express one’s identity, profession, tradition and aesthetic. The development and formation of clothing styles are influenced by regional, historical and cultural factors, as well as deep-rooted ethnic characteristics. When artists explore the incorporation of clothing styles in sculpture creation, they illuminate the inherent values, forms, connotations, and aesthetic qualities of clothing from different ethnic groups and historical periods. Therefore, the study of clothing in figure sculptures is a fundamental discipline in the research and process of sculpture creation. It is also a unique and specialized training method of modern sculpture, serving as a significant aspect of the basic training for modern sculpture creation.

Individualisme Agama Dalam Modernitas

The purpose of this research is to know that the faith of religion is entirely based on their individual and personal achievement, and given by the pride given to the personal experience that guides everyone in their own way. Religion is a basic human necessity, because religion is a means of defending itself against all acts of violence that threaten human life. Religion gives meaning to individual life and also gives hope for survival after death. Religion can be a human tool to rise from the world's life of suffering, to achieve spiritual independence. Religion as a symbol of society is no longer visible since religion has been established as religious institutions, institutional religions in principle create a good institutional regime based on faith validation, using a secure president according to the authoritarian organisation that conforms to each tradition, in connection with the line of religious descent. Religion has become a legitimate tool for a group of people who have economic and political resources

Voltage, Current, Power Consumption Monitoring: A IOT Based System

Electricity is a basic human necessity that is extensively employed for home, industrial, and agricultural purposes. In this way, energy waste leads nations to lose revenue. Solutions based on technology, such as The Internet of Things (IOT) connects the physical and digital worlds, This IOT application ,In this scenario, manages and/or analyze energy consumption.. Furthermore, the advancement of micro and Nano-electronics has made it possible to the creation of connectivity modules like the XBEE that enables the rapid deployment of a wireless sensor network effectively, using the least amount of energy possible employed for responsibilities of monitoring and control. By developing a hardware and software solution, the given prototype takes advantage of the previously indicated features. It uses a scalable and modular platform with XBEE technology and a developed protocol for data exchange between the modules that make up the system to allow remote monitoring of electricity consumption in a home. The prototype's accuracy is shown when compared to readings acquired with a regular electric bill, according to the conclusions.

The Determinants of Food Consumption Expenditure in Central Java

Food consumption is a basic human necessity that should be fulfilled. Although the investment level tends to increase in Central Java, the open unemployment rate also tends to increase. It is worrying that this condition will affect the society prosperity reflected by food security status. This research aims to analyze the consumption expenditure development in Central Java, identify the food consumption expenditure determinants, and formulate the food consumption fulfillment strategies. This research has quantitative characteristics by using the secondary data of Statistical Central Bureau. The research result shows the consumption expenditure proportion between food and non-food is nearly similar and tends to increase each year. The determinants, which affect the food consumption expenditure positively and significantly, are the non-food consumption expenditure, the gross domestic regional product (GDRP) of constant price, and the poverty rate. The food consumption fulfillment strategies in Central Java are directed by sustainability schemes covering economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The implementations are to strengthen the food security dimensions, the society income enhancement, the value chain optimization, the adoption of technology and knowledge, and the local food resources utilization.

Calorie estimation model for Indian elderly persons using image processing and convnets techniques

Nutrition is a basic human necessity as well as a requirement for a healthy lifestyle. Especially in elderly people, nutrition is an essential modulator of health and well-being. Nutritional intake in older people is sometimes hampered by a variety of circumstances like isolation depression, weak muscles etc. which increases the risk of various diseases. An effective Food Assessment system that classifies and estimates calorie requirements from a cooked food image is highly recommended, allowing a person to discover what foods contain and how healthy it can be. In this paper a dietary assessment system is developed which classifies the given Indian cooked food image and further estimates its Calories and nutrients by obtaining food region. The proposed method was tested on certain fruits and cooked foods, yielding an average error rate of 8.31, which is highly acceptable.

Study on Potential Utilization of New Renewable Energy to Support the Electricity System in Warudoyong Area

Energy is one of the most basic human necessities for supporting activities that continue to expand in number as the population and economy rise. On the other hand, the majority of today's energy originates from fossil-based electricity, which has non-renewable qualities, meaning that its reserves will deplete if consumed indefinitely. In particular, Indonesia and the Warudoyong region of West Java Province have a diverse range of new and renewable energy (EBT) possibilities dispersed across the majority of their territory, ranging from solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy, marine energy, and geothermal. The goal of this study is to map the potential of EBT in the Warudoyong area in order to aid the government's goal of achieving the national energy mix and supporting energy diversification in the power system. The findings of the study show that there is a lot of renewable energy potential in the Warudoyong area, which can be converted into electrical energy

English Language Invasion of COVID-Terms: How the Pandemic Affects other Languages and Cultures

The pandemic of Pandemics COVID-19 has encroached the world civilizations and has affected the basic human necessities through all the evil imagined. The invasiveness of the virus though will not last forever and people will forget the panic and the devastations it has caused over time but it’s effects on English language and culture and Other Non-English languages and cultures will remain forever. The regular habits, expressions, common phrases ,slangs ,greetings, eating, meeting, dressing, shopping, learning each and every human necessities and recreations are more or less altered or have found other channels to meet up the need. Naturally, hundreds of new English words have been coined or old words have found new meanings to cope up with the need to express the COVID situations and circumstances. These are rightly called as COVIDterms. These terms have enriched the English vocabulary undoubtedly. But the other languages are affected as all these English words willingly or unwillingly have entered into their vocabulary permanently having given no chance to create and use their translated or transliterated counterparts in native languages. It resulted sometimes in problem of expression and chaos in cultural identity to some extent as language and culture are intertwined. The present paper deals with this language invasion, the problem it has created to the native speakers in some Asian countries like Japan, Indonesia and India, European countries like Turkey and countries like South Africa; and it’s general discussion as the assessment of this effect in the long term is yet to be done by prominent linguists and philologists in times to come.

English Language Invasion of COVID-Terms: How the Pandemic Affects other Languages and Cultures

The pandemic of Pandemics COVID-19 has encroached the world civilizations and has affected the basic human necessities through all the evil imagined. The invasiveness of the virus though will not last forever and people will forget the panic and the devastations it has caused over time but it’s effects on English language and culture and Other Non-English languages and cultures will remain forever. The regular habits, expressions, common phrases ,slangs ,greetings, eating, meeting, dressing, shopping, learning each and every human necessities and recreations are more or less altered or have found other channels to meet up the need. Naturally, hundreds of new English words have been coined or old words have found new meanings to cope up with the need to express the COVID situations and circumstances. These are rightly called as COVIDterms. These terms have enriched the English vocabulary undoubtedly. But the other languages are affected as all these English words willingly or unwillingly have entered into their vocabulary permanently having given no chance to create and use their translated or transliterated counterparts in native languages. It resulted sometimes in problem of expression and chaos in cultural identity to some extent as language and culture are intertwined. The present paper deals with this language invasion, the problem it has created to the native speakers in some Asian countries like Japan, Indonesia and India, European countries like Turkey and countries like South Africa; and it’s general discussion as the assessment of this effect in the long term is yet to be done by prominent linguists and philologists in times to come.

Investigation of Groundwater Potential Based On Vertical Electrical Sounding Methode On Gosoma District In North Halmahera

Population growth has encourage an increasing of clean water needs as a basic human necessity, both in terms of quality and quantity. River water and rain water are sources of raw materials for these elementary needs, however global climate change has indirectly affected the hydrological characteristics of the last few decades. Thus, the use of ground water is a solution in meeting these needs. The research aims to identify the potential presence of ground water that can be used as a source of fresh water in the village of Gosoma, Tobelo, North Halmahera Regency. This potential fresh water investigation was carried out using a Mc Ohm Mark-2 OYO resistivity meter, while the Schlumberger configuration was the measurement method used. The length of the track geoelectric extends as far as 1,060 m, while for transverse profiles as far as 560 with a total number of measurement points of 6 points. The results of geoelectric measurements show that there are 2 layers that have the potential as deep aquifers. First groundwater layers predicted at a depth that varies between 21.10 m - 83.00 m and secondary groundwater layer may exist deeper than 95.90 m above the surface. This result were indicated by resistivity values measured at the observed points, where the values varies from 18.10 ohms to 91.30 ohms. Those resistivity value illustrates that lithology of the soil layer were indicated as a layer of sand and sandy tuff, where both of the rock lithologies layer have a potential as a layer of ground water.

Public Housing in the Global Cities: Hong Kong and Singapore at the Crossroads

Affordable Housing, the basic human necessity has now become a critical problem in global cities with direct impacts on people's well-being. While a well-functioning housing market may augment the economic efficiency and productivity of a city, it may trigger housing affordability issues leading crucial economic and political crises side by side if not handled properly. In global cities e.g. Singapore and Hong Kong where affordable housing for all has become one of the greatest concerns of the Government, this issue can be tackled capably by the provision of public housing. In Singapore, nearly 90% of the total population lives in public housing including public rental and subsidized ownership, whereas the figure tally only about 45% in Hong Kong. Hence this study is an effort to scrutinizing the key drivers of success in affordable public housing through following a qualitative case study based research methodological approach to present successful experience and insight from different socio-economic and geo-political context. As a major intervention, this research has clinched that, housing affordability should be backed up by demand-side policies aiming to help occupants and proprietors to grow financial capacity e.g. subsidized rental and subsidized ownership can be an integral part of the public housing system to improve housing affordability.

Addressing the Challenge of Housing Finance in Urban Africa

Housing remains a basic human necessity that people, governments and societies have sought to meet using different methods and approaches over the years. The cost of housing provision has always been quite significant, often representing a person's largest single expenditure throughout life. Across the continent, many initiatives have been pursued to help ensure ample housing supply, with varying degrees of success. This paper therefore explores some of the various housing finance initiatives that have been introduced across many African countries since the colonial era. The study also examines possible solutions to the constraints militating against the funding of mass home ownership in Africa, especially in view of the implications of the continent's fast-rising population and its significant youth bulge. The study further identifies the key drivers of housing finance provision, the thorough understanding of which is central to adequately addressing the continent's considerable housing deficit, which the study also seeks to reasonably estimate. Successfully addressing the challenge of housing finance in urban Africa will firmly and directly contribute towards achieving the following specific Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 1 – No Poverty; SDG 8 – Decent Work & Economic Growth; SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure; SDG 10 – Reduced Inequalities and SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities & Communities.

Understanding Homelessness in Neoliberal City: A Study from Delhi

‘Homelessness’ is the worst form of urban poverty, and in the wake of neoliberalism it has become more pervasive in cities across the world. Taking the case of Delhi, the study focuses on the making of homelessness, the connotation of being homeless, and the nature of responses from a governing institution to homelessness in the neoliberal city. The study reveals that large scale slum demolition in the last three decades has rendered thousands of people homeless. They are denied of basic human rights and human necessities. They are not even allowed to reside in the open spaces of the city. Governing actors have bypassed their duties by setting up only a ‘few’ night-shelters in the city, most of which remained unoccupied because of several adversities. The study also reveals that homelessness is the outcome of governance failure and the failure of the welfare state. But the structural problem of homelessness is completely overlooked both in policy and by ‘other’ sections of society.

RIGHT TO FOOD FOR ALL IN INDIA: MYTH OR REALITY

As we all know that food is the basic Human necessity, without which no one can survive. Making food available for all the people in the world is now days becoming a complex issue. The availability food is decreasing as a result of increase in population that will result in food insecurity or malnutrition. Indian constitution interprets the right to food as part of right to life, which is fundamental human right. Change in climate, the impact of globalization, Global Warming, Carbon dioxide emission from fuel etc. also affects the right to food of many people. This paper examines the situation prevailing in India and looks into the obligations and initiatives by the government of India to ensure Right to Food and make suggestions for addressing the issue and examines the possible way to make the scheme workable to achieve food security.

Lying in defence of privacy: anthropological and methodological observations

ABSTRACTThis article deals with three topics: lying, privacy and anthropological research. Their complex intertwinement is analysed using fieldwork notes and through engagement with relevant literature from various disciplines. Experiences of privacy, among researchers as well as among respondents, is underexposed in the literature on social research methodology. Furthermore, lying is sometimes the only effective way to protect one’s privacy. Starting from a research experience with lying respondents in Ghana, I discuss the various circumstances and reasons that lead to lying in defence of privacy, and in particular, concerns about respect in the context of research. Next, I return to the concept of privacy and explicate cultural variations in the experience of privacy. I then look at the consequences for research ethics. The paradoxical conclusion is that lying, a discredited tool of deception, is often applied in order to uphold a widely accepted basic human necessity of life – privacy. Qualitative social researchers should take these concerns about privacy and respect into account and engage in conversations that do not threaten the security of their interlocutors.

Abundance – A new window on how disruptive innovation occurs

The economic philosophy of abundance has provided a new portal to view disruptive innovation. After decades of the world's middle class shrinking and the poor becoming poorer the abundance concept has created an interest in the “Rising Billion” transforming the poor into a more viable economic force and grow a worldwide vibrant middle class throughout the developed, developing and underdeveloped world. The abundance concept provides a new set of potential problems that are spurring new opportunities. The 21st century grand challenges have been enumerated by many but include at least six key basic human necessities: healthcare; water, education; food generation, energy, and the environment. The key to “Abundance” is to better understand the disruptive innovation phenomena, and how it can be used for social change. Scholars have utilized different perspectives to explain innovation phenomenon, but literature on disruptive innovation can benefit from a coherent theoretical framework that can explain origins of disruptive innovation and the role of scarcity/abundance in that process. In this paper, we provide one such theoretical framework to better explain and understand the relationship among scarcity, abundance, and innovation concepts from a market perspective. More specifically, this paper address the need to understand how radical or disruptive innovations occur to create a more abundant world and what market conditions motivates innovators, especially in communities enduring poverty and scarcity of resources such as the “Bottom Billion” and the shrinking middle class to do so. We build a theoretical model of disruptive innovation in a resource-constrained environment by integrating arguments from the theory of social capital, disruptive innovation and entrepreneurial action, and social innovation.

Microbial fuel cells used in wastewater treatment

Environmental issues associated with water sanitation are not confined to developing countries alone but are the most basic human and environmental necessities all over the world. Wastewater sources are major causes for environmental pollution in surface and ground water bodies. Current wastewater treatment technologies are not sustainable to meet the ever growing water sanitation needs due to rapid industrialization and population growth, simply because they are energy and cost intensive leaving latitude for development of technologies that are energy conservative or energy yielding. For the present and future context, microbial fuel cells technology may present a sustainable and an environmentally friendly route to meet the water sanitation needs. Microbial fuel cell based wastewater systems employ bio-electrochemical catalytic activity of microbes to produce electricity from the oxidation of organic, and in some cases inorganic, substrates present in urban sewage, agricultural, dairy, food and industrial wastewaters. It provides an overview of current energy needs for wastewater treatment and potential energy recovery options followed by a comprehensive review of the principles of wastewater treatment, substrate utilization (organic removal), recent process developments, nutrient and metal removal capacities in microbial fuel cells. Several issues related to process performance, organic removal capacities and potential environmental impacts were discussed in detail

Seeking refuge in South Africa: The victimization of vulnerable persons

Many Africans confront and deal with very trying situations in their countries that are very different from the comforts enjoyed in developed parts of the world. Labeled as a ?traumatized continent? (Norridge, 2013: 64), many Africans motivated by the basic human necessities for food and safety flee their countries, seeking refuge in South Africa. The large influx of refugees has given rise to invalid concerns from the government and the ?champions? of their interest (Mauss, 1975: 10), the media. These concerns have spurred changes in the practice of the asylum system which are aimed at targeting refugees, rather than improving their situation, increasing the vulnerability of persons already fleeing persecution: the refugees, the victims. The aim of this paper is to analyze the problem from a victimological stand point, and draw attention to the issue that more research needs to be conducted with victims to improve our understanding of the impacts these practices have.

Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among 24 to 59 Months old Urban Slum Children of Dhaka City

Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of disease in children. Prevention of under nutrition is one of the priority efforts to reduce childhood mortality. About 20% of the population is forced to reside in urban slum due to rapid urbanization. Lack of basic human necessities in the urban slum, adversely affects the nutritional status resulting in poor growth and development of the slum children.Objectives: To assess nutritional status and associated factors among 24 to 59 months old urban slum children of Dhaka city in Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during the period of March 2009 to June 2009 among 24 to 59 months old children of Vashantek slum of Dhaka. A total of 207 children who were available along with their mother during data collection period, were included as the study participants. For data collection face to face interview of the mother was performed and to determine the nutritional status of children anthropometric measurement was carried out.Results: Among the total 207 children, 54.1% were male and 45.9% were female. The mean age± standard deviation of the children was 43.6±11.0 months. As per Z-score of National Centre for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference classification, 45.4% children were underweight, 48.3% were stunted and 28.1% were wasted. Majority of the malnourished children were within 46 months of age. There was a little difference in nutritional status between male and female children. As per immunization schedule, 85.0% of the children completed their immunization. A higher proportion of the underweight children (57.7%) were not exclusively breastfed in comparison to that of the wasted children (42.3%). Moreover, it was revealed that there was a positive association between incomplete immunization and underweight, stunting and wasting (p<0.05). The study also showed that there was an association between history of absence of exclusive breast feeding and underweight (p<0.005) and wasting (p<0.001) status of the children.Conclusion: The study revealed that none of the slum children had normal nutrition, all of them were suffering from malnutrition and majority of them had stunted growth or were underweight. As the slum children are a part of urban society and will be the future generation, it is expected that the finding of this study will sensitize the policy makers to formulate policy and undertake measures to prevent malnutrition amongst the slum children.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(1) 2015: 14-18