Basic Health Research Research Articles

Logistic Regression Model on Nutritional Status Based on Body Mass Index (BMI) in Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) in Indonesia

The aggregate analysis of Riskesdas data in Indonesia revealed that nearly all provinces face a serious double burden of malnutrition. Both undernutrition and overnutrition negatively affect the quality of human resources, especially when they occur in adolescent girls, Women of Reproductive Age (WRA), and pregnant and breastfeeding women, as this can lead to intergenerational nutritional problems. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a nutritional status measurement technique recommended by WHO. Nutritional problems occur when BMI is abnormal or not ideal, categorized as underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), pre-obesity (25-29.9 kg/m²), obesity class I (30-34.9 kg/m²), obesity class II (35-39.9 kg/m²), and obesity class III (>40 kg/m²). Data from laboratory results completed up to 2017, based on selected samples from the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), were used to assess the nutritional status of the Indonesian population. This study used 9,418 respondent data samples from 33 provinces in Indonesia. Logistic regression analysis was applied because the response variable in this study is binary, representing ideal BMI (1) and non-ideal BMI (0). The independent variables used in this study include Hemoglobin level, Ferritin level, CRP level, age group, physical activity, living location, marital status, education, and risky food consumption patterns. All independent variables are categorical. The study found that the factors influencing nutritional status based on BMI in WRA are Hemoglobin level, Ferritin level, CRP level, age, and location. The resulting logit model is logit (π)=0.27695-0.1491 (Non-anemic Hemoglobin level)-0.1721 (Normal Ferritin level)+0.741 (Non-infectious CRP level)-0.2933 (Adult age group)-0.0976 (rural location). logit (π)=0.27695-0.1491 (Non-anemic Hemoglobin level)-0.1721 (Normal Ferritin level)+0.741 (Non-infectious CRP level)-0.2933 (Adult age group)-0.0976 (rural location). The largest odds ratio The largest odds ratio was produced by the CRP level variable, indicating that CRP level is the most influential factor affecting nutritional status based on BMI in WRA, where non infectious CRP compared to infectious CRP increases the likelihood of WRA having an ideal BMI.

TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN SISWA TENTANG TINDAKAN PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN

Emergency situations require immediate action, as indicated by data from the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) showing a significant increase in injury rates in Indonesia, including West Kalimantan. Injuries are most common among individuals aged 15-24, with various types such as abrasions, cuts, sprains, and fractures. This research aimed to investigate students' knowledge of first aid measures at Mujahidin High School in Pontianak, with the hope of improving their understanding and preparedness in handling accidents in the school environment effectively. This study used a quantitative descriptive-analytic method with stratified random sampling, involving 245 students from grades X and XI. Data were collected through a questionnaire about first aid actions. The results showed that 47% of respondents had adequate first aid knowledge, 46% had good knowledge, and 7% had poor knowledge. In conclusion, the majority of students at SMA Mujahidin Pontianak have adequate knowledge of first aid.

Profile and Histopathological Description of Gastritis Patients

Gastritis, better known as ulcer disease, is a disorder of the abdomen that patients most often complain about and is a disease that is often found in clinics when seen from the symptoms experienced. The Indonesian Ministry of Health stated that currently, Indonesia is in fourth place as the country with the highest incidence of gastritis. Based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data in 2018, gastritis is one of the 10 most common diseases in hospitalized patients in Indonesia with 30,154 cases or 4.9%. The number of gastritis cases is considered quite high because the prevalence of cases is 274,396 out of the 258,704,900 total population of Indonesia. This study aims to explore the histopathological features of the gastric mucosa and the characteristics of patients with gastritis. This study used a descriptive method with retrospective data collection from the medical record archives of the MRCCC Siloam Semanggi Hospital during the period 2022. The research sample included all m edical records of patients with gastritis who underwent an endoscopic examination. Of the 252 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 59 patients (23.4%) were diagnosed with gastritis in the age range of 41 to 50 years. More women experience gastritis than men, with 137 patients (54.4%). In terms of histopathology, 171 patients (67.9%) were diagnosed with chronic non-active gastritis. From the assessment of the corpus and antrum, it was found that 121 patients (48%) had no atrophy, 249 patients (98.8%) had no intestinal metaplasia, and 248 patients (98.4%) had no Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, it is important to carry out an early examination and endoscopic examination so that medical treatment can be carried out as soon as possible. Keywords: Stomach, Helicobacter pylori, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia

Description of knowledge, Behavior of Vegetable and Fruit Consumption, and Nutritional Status in Class X Students in Public High School 1 Porong Sidoarjo

In Indonesia, according to the 2018 Basic Health Research report, the majority of the population above the age of 5, which is around 95.5%, still consumes vegetables and fruits below the recommend levels. When a person's knowledge and behavior are not optimal, then they will have difficulty maintaining the balance of food intake they consume. The purpose of the study was to determine the description of knowledge, fruit vegetable consumption behavior and nutritional status in class X students at SMA Negeri 1 Porong. This was a descriptive study. The Sampling method used was simple random sampling with a total samples size of 40 people. The results showed that the knowledge level of respondents in the poor category was 18 adolescents and in the good category was 11 adolescents. Most adolescents (34) exhibited poor vegetable consumption behavior, while the majority (21) demonstrated good fruit consumption behavior. The nutritional status of most respondents had good nutritional status as many as 25 adolescents. In Conclusion, adolescents in SMA Negeri 1 Porong have knowledge about vegetables and fruits in the poor category, poor vegetable consumption behavior, good fruit consumption behavior and good nutritional status.

The Impact of Lifestyle Changes on the Prevalence of Prediabetes and Diabetes in Urban and Rural Indonesia: Results from the 2013 and 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) Survey

(1) Background: Prediabetes represents reversible glycemic abnormalities between normal glucose regulation and diabetes. Indonesia has a high burden of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of lifestyle changes on prediabetes and diabetes in rural and urban populations. (2) Methods: This is a repeated cross-sectional study, and data were obtained from Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2013 and 2018. (3) Results: The study found that urban populations who ate >3 days/week of vegetables had a lower proportion of prediabetes and diabetes. Rural populations with 2 days/week of vegetable consumption had a higher risk of prediabetes in 2018. From 2013 to 2018, urban and rural populations consumed excessive amounts of sweet food/drink, salty food, fatty/cholesterol/fried food, and meat/chicken/fish-based food with preservatives. In 2018, urban and rural populations who consumed sweet food/drink more than once daily had a higher risk of prediabetes and diabetes. The prevalence of active physical activity declined in normoglycemic individuals, while it increased in prediabetes and diabetes in urban and rural areas. In 2013, physical activity was a protective factor for prediabetes. (4) Conclusions: Lifestyle changes impacted prediabetes and diabetes prevalence. Further research is needed to promote healthy diets and lifestyle modifications.

DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL HEALTH CARE FOR COMPLETE DENTURES TREATMENT

Based on data from the Basic Health Research 2018, indicate a correlation between age and tooth loss, yet denture utilization remains comparatively low. Dental therapists are primarily responsible for enhancing oral health by preventing, treating, and managing dental problems. While authorized to collaborate with dental specialists in providing medical dental procedures. However, in many clinical settings, dental therapists are often relegated to the role of dental assistants. This limitation can be attributed to the lack of integrated dental care models for complete denture cases within specialized prosthodontic services. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of developed dental and oral health care model on patients with complete denture care on changes in the behavior of dental therapists in implementing the model. This study employs a quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest design (non-equivalent control group). The research was conducted the entire population of 12 dental therapists at the prosthodontic clinic of the dental and oral hospital were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group received socialization on an oral health care model. Knowledge, attitude, and skills were assessed through questionnaires and observational methods both before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-test, and independent t-test. Its model is effective in behavior changes: improving knowledge (p-value 0.025; ? 7.50), attitudes (p-value 0.012; ? 7.33), skills (p-value 0.002; ? 26.67). Development of a dental and oral health care model in patients with complete denture care is effective in changing the behavior of dental therapists.

KAWANKULINER: PERSONALISED FOOD RECOMMENDATION APP USING BMR AND TDEE FOR OPTIMAL DAILY NUTRITION

People often have difficulty in determining the type of food that is suitable for the composition of their body. This is due to the many types of food available, as well as the lack of information about the nutritional content of each type of food. By fulfilling the daily calorie and macro-nutrient needs required by the body, its metabolism can be maintained, preventing various health problems such as malnutrition. Based on the results of the Basic Health Research in 2018 malnutrition is one of the most serious problems in Indonesia. Several studies related to calculating calorie estimates using the BMR approach with the utilization of technology have been conducted.However, these studies were limited to only displaying the amount of daily calorie needs that were not accompanied by what foods were needed to meet these daily needs. The purpose of this research is to build an app to help individuals understand their daily calorie needs based on their Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and total daily expenditure energy (TDEE), using smart scale to provide body composition information and spoonacular API to provide food recommendations that match their energy needs and give them recipes on how to make their food meanwhile waterfall model is used as a software development method. The test results show that the app meets the functional and usability requirements well, with a high accuracy rate of 99.86% for calories, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. In terms of user response, 13 respondents had a very positive response, and considered the app useful for making it easier to get information about their calorie and macro-nutrient needs, as well as provide food recommendations based on their daily needs.

Program Deteksi Dini Skrining Kesehatan Mental Bagi Warga Binaan Di Rumah Tahanan Kelas IIB Kebumen

Introduction: Background According to American psychotic association, Mental health is the result of a successful adjustment or lack of psychopathology. It also refers to a state in which one does not experience a breakdown in psychological aspects, emotional, eehavior, and social. According to who's regional asia Pacific in Indonesia, There are 9,162.886 cases or 3.7 %s of the population. According to basic health research 2018, the case of mental or mental illness in Indonesia has improved, especially on the Central Java, where prevalence of mental illness is approximately 4.4 %. In the prison house, An inmate will face various problems and sufferings. Theoretically, The major suffering the inmates suffered was the loss of freedom of movement. However, There's extra suffering from the loss of this freedom, which is: 1). Lost the chance to have sexual relations. 2). Loss of privacy rights. 3). Lost access to getting help and kindness. 4). Lost personal secrecy due to a negative stigma of society.5). Feeling the infantile process, it's the treatment that makes an adult feel like a child. Observe The purpose of this activity is to Detect Mental Health of Inmates in Kebumen Class IIB Prison. Method: This method of activity uses descriptive analysis methods Result and conclusion: According to the mental health screening prognosis that has been carried out to 135 inmates, the result of questionnaire depressive questionnaires 4.44 % is very bad, anxiety category 4.44 % is severe, and the stress category of 2.22 %s is very severe.Generated questionnaire 24,44 % has a GME/Psychotic /PTSD problem.

Analyzing Hypertension and Reviewing Epidemiology and How to Overcome it

Infectious diseases and malnutrition will soon replace non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, cancer and depression as causes of death and disability in developing countries. Cardiovascular disease (31.9%), including hypertension (6.8%) and stroke (15.4%), is the highest cause of death, according to the results of the 2007 Basic Health Research in Indonesia. Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure in the body’s arteries continuously increases, which can cause serious risks to health such as heart disease, stroke and other organ damage. This article will contain information about hypertension and its management. The method used is literature study by taking existing data and then collecting it in this article. It is hoped that this article will be useful and beneficial for various needs.

The Effect of the Mediterranean Diet Components on Blood Pressure, Mean Arterial Pressure, and Pulse Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

According to the 2018 Basic Health Research Data (RISKESDAS), the prevalence of hypertension in West Java was 39.6%, while in Cimahi City it was 41.83%. The composition of the Mediterranean diet contains a high proportion of MUFA and PUFA which act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective with a potential to lower blood pressure. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of Mediterranean diet components on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The study uses observational analytic methods as the design and also employs a prospective cohort sample of 36 patients with hypertension for three months, using a systematic random sampling technique. The research subjects were checked for blood pressure in the first month (T1) and the last month of the study (T2). The relative Mediterranean Diet (rMED) was used as a source of data on component intakes by administering the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) 12 times within three months. The differences in Mediterranean diet composition and blood pressure in all Mediterranean diet adherence groups were examined using the ANOVA test and Tuckey’s post-hoc test, as well as to test comparisons of proportions between rMED adherence groups. The impact of each component of the Mediterranean Diet on blood pressure was evaluated using a linear regression analysis test. The results showed that the average age of hypertensive patients who underwent the Mediterranean diet was 57.94 years and 69.44% were female. The components of fruit and nuts, vegetables, and fish have a significant effect on systolic blood pressure. Fish components have a significant effect on diastolic blood pressure. The components of vegetables and fish have a significant effect on the mean arterial pressure (MAP). Fruit and nut components have a significant effect on pulse pressure. The limitations of this study are the short research time, the absence of salt consumption restrictions on the Mediterranean diet, and the presence of smoking and physical activity as confounding activities. Keywords: blood pressure, composition, Mediterranean diet, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure

Interactive Support in The Tambak Wedi Village Area of Surabaya City to Avoid Stunting

ABSTRACT Stunting remains a serious challenge for Indonesian society. The 2018 basic health research reported that the prevalence of stunting among toddlers reached 30.8%. The impact of stunting is not only on physical growth but also on cognitive development and the risk of diseases in adulthood. Community service plays a crucial role in supporting government efforts to address stunting through nutrition education, infant and child feeding practices, sanitation, hygiene, and family economic empowerment. Based on this, the involvement of higher education institutions is necessary to improve public health through an approach of interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education designed in community service activities that focus on empowering communities through integrative assistance. This community service is carried out in 2024, located in Tambak Wedi Village, Surabaya. The activities conducted include training and assistance in the production of processed foods based on moringa leaves and fish, health education on healthy living behaviors, guidance on parenting and breastfeeding/MPASI, training for early detection of high-risk pregnancies for families, and checking hemoglobin and protein levels for pregnant women in a state of chronic energy deficiency who receive supplementary feeding based on moringa leaves and fish. At the beginning of the community service activities, the results of health and laboratory examinations were as follows: several mothers were found to have a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) below 23.5 cm, which may indicate a risk of chronic energy deficiency (CED). Pregnant women were still found with hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL, indicating anemia during pregnancy. Additionally, protein levels in pregnant women were found to be 6.2 g/dL, and there was one stunted child and seven children in a pre-stunting condition. Following up on the results of the initial health examination, interventions were carried out for pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency and toddlers at risk of stunting by providing snacks made from moringa and fish for two weeks. The Surabaya Hebat cadres also received a refresher on early detection screening for high-risk pregnant women INDEX TERMS Stunting, Moringa leaves and fish, Tambak Wedi

Community service initiative: Empowering Mothers in Wongsorejo, Banyuwangi, East Java to Prevent Stunting Through Education and Complementary Feeding Circle Demonstrations

The challenge of stunting in Indonesia remains critical, with the National Basic Health Research of 2018 indicating a high prevalence rate of 30.8%. Addressing stunting effectively requires targeted interventions and behavior change strategies. This community service project aimed to tackle stunting in Wongsorejo, Banyuwangi, East Java, through a comprehensive approach focused on nutrition and complementary feeding practices. The initiative was structured around three main activities: a seminar on stunting, counseling on complementary feeding, and a cooking demonstration. The seminar aimed to enhance understanding of stunting, including its causes, consequences, and preventive measures, with a specific focus on the role of mothers. The counseling sessions were designed to educate mothers about the implementation of complementary feeding circles to ensure their infants receive adequate nutrition. The cooking demonstration provided practical guidance on preparing nutritious complementary foods using local ingredients. This community service project targeted mothers in the Wongsorejo area, along with representatives from local health centers and community leaders. The objective was to improve knowledge and practices related to stunting prevention, nutrition, and healthy feeding habits. Methods included educational seminars, interactive counseling, and practical demonstrations. Overall, this project seeks to empower mothers with the necessary knowledge and skills to combat stunting, thereby contributing to improved child health and nutrition in the Wongsorejo community. The effectiveness of these activities was evaluated through pre- and post-intervention assessments.

Tooth brushing time table media as an effort to increase the independence of brushing teeth in preschool children

Background: Based on the Basic Health Research in 2018, in Banten province, the population who have dental problems in the form of damaged teeth, cavities or pain in the 3 - 4 year old group with a percentage of 36.4% and the 3 - 4 year old group who do tooth brushing care with the correct time is only 1.1%. Therefore, it is necessary to provide dental health education to children using methods and learning media that are tailored to child development. One of the methods used is by monitoring toothbrushing using toothbrush time table media. Objective: analyzing toothbrush time table media as an effort to increase the independence of brushing teeth in preschool children Methods: This study used a quasi experiment with pretest and post test design, conducted on 77 students as respondents obtained using the total sampling technique. The type of data used is primary data, which is data obtained directly by measuring the level of children's tooth brushing independence. The instrument used was a tooth brushing independence checklist sheet. Results: The results of the study before and after using the toothbrush time table media on 77 respondents, with the category needing guidance as many as 64 students (83.1%), became excellent toothbrushing independence as many as 60 students (77.9%), and the mean of toothbrushing independence with the results of 47.9, namely the category needing guidance changed to 87.9 with an excellent category, with independence p-value of 0.001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The tooth brushing time table media can increase the independence of tooth brushing in preschool children

Health Promotion Using Dental Story Sticker Media on Prevention Knowledge Caries in Primary School

Background: The results of basic health research in 2018 show that the biggest dental problem in Indonesia is broken/caved/sick teeth (45.3%). The proportion of problems with damaged, cavities or diseased teeth in Garut Regency is 57.61%. Health promotion is an effort to provide knowledge as a basis for behavior change to improve the health status of individuals, families, groups, and communities through learning activities. Dental Story Stickers are a way of conveying information about dental and oral health by using stickers that can be removed and reattached, as well as using storytelling as an outreach method where the instructor tells information about dental and oral health. Objective: To determine the effect of health promotion using dental story sticker media on knowledge of caries prevention in class IV students at State Elementary School 2 Mulyasari, Garut Regency. Method: The type of research is pre-experimental with a one-group pre and post-test design with total sampling technique, and measuring instruments namely questionnaires and statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test. Results: 18 students (60%) obtained good criteria, 12 students (40%) had sufficient criteria and no good curve criteria (0%). Conclusion: Health promotion using dental story sticker media influences knowledge of preventing dental caries in class IV students at State Elementary School 2 Mulyasari, Garut Regency.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOOTH BRUSHING BEHAVIOR AND DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN AT 27 SUNGAI SAPIH PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL KURANJI, PADANG CITY

Caries is often experienced in mid-childhood 10-12 years which is referred to as a vulnerable period, because it is at that time that milk teeth begin to fall out and the first permanent teeth begin to grow. The 2018 West Sumatra Basic Health Research Results ( Rikesdas ) stated that 41.74% of children aged 10-14 years experience dental caries, while the prevalence of dental caries in Padang City is around 6,154 children, which is 36.71% . The behavior of maintaining community dental health in maintaining oral health is brushing teeth, while brushing teeth is the most important primary prevention action recommended . Research objectives to find out relationship between tooth brushing behavior and dental caries in children at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City . The type of research used is quantitative research, namely analytic with an observation approach . The population in this study were all students in grades 4 and 5 at State Elementary School 27 Sungai Sapih Kuranji Padang City, totaling 114 people with total sampling technique. This research was conducted at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City. When the research was conducted in November 2022 -February 2023 . Analysis data using Spearman test, data processing using computerized program SPSS IBM version 25.0 . The results of the study showed that the most tooth brushing behavior was moderate, namely 94 people (82.5%), the most dental caries was very low, namely 56 people (49.1%) and there were relationship between tooth brushing behavior and dental caries in children at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City. ( p = 0.001 ) . It is recommended for dental health workers to educate schools about the importance of dental and oral care and how to brush their teeth properly and correctly so that they can increase students' knowledge and behavior in brushing their teeth for the better.

Risk Factors for Central Obesity in Women 45-54 Years of Age in Indonesia (Riskesdas 2018 Analysis)

The prevalence of central obesity in Indonesia, especially in women aged 45-54 years, has increased according to the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas, Riset Kesehatan Dasar). Central obesity is associated with a higher risk of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the incidence of central obesity in women aged 45-54 years in Indonesia using the 2018 Riskesdas data with a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 60,557 individuals, with 64.54% having central obesity. Marital status (PR=1.12; 95%CI 1.09-1.15), low physical activity (PR=1.18; 95%CI 1.14-1.21), and consumption of high-risk foods (PR=1.03; 95%CI 1.01-1.05) were found to be associated with an increased risk of central obesity. In contrast, primary education (PR=0.86; 95%CI 0.83-0.89), employment status (PR=0.91; 95%CI 0.90-0.93), and smoking status (PR=0.89; 95%CI 0.84-0.95) acted as protective factors against central obesity. The results of this study suggest the need for increased nutrition education and physical activity in women aged 45-54 years as well as health support programs for married women.

Effect of Peppermint Extract (Mentha Piperita) on Halitosis Problems in Active Smokers

Background: The results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 stated that the largest proportion of dental problems in Indonesia was damaged / perforated / diseased teeth 45.3%. While the majority of oral health problems experienced by the Indonesian population are swollen gums and abscesses at 14% 2. Dental caries is one of the many factors that can cause halitosis or bad breath3. Based on the above statement, an innovation is needed to overcome the problem of halitosis, one of which is with peppermint extract (mentha piperita). Research Objective: Proving that peppermint extract mouthwash (mentha piperitha) with a concentration of 10% has an effect on changing the level of halitosis in active smokers. Methods: This type of research uses a pre- experimental method with a pretest-posttest research design with control group design consisting of 2 (two) groups, namely the intervention group and the control group. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. Results: Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, it shows that the average holistosis before and after the intervention group obtained a p-value of 0.001 <0.005, which means that gargling using peppermint extract mouthwash can affect the decrease in halistosis in smokers, while in the control group a p-value of 0.005>0.005 is obtained, which means that gargling using chlorhexidine is not very influential to reduce halistosis in smokers. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving peppermint extract (mentha piperita) with different concentrations on reducing the level of halitosis in active smokers.

The Influence of Family and Peer Support on Healthy Lifestyles on Adolescents in Medan City

<p><em>Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 recorded that 2.5 percent of stroke sufferers had suffered from stroke since the age of 18-24 years and 13.22 percent suffered from hypertension. In addition, non-communicable diseases found in school-age children and adolescents were cancer at 0.47 percent, asthma at 2.2 percent, diabetes mellitus at 1.6 percent, heart disease at 0.7 percent and obesity at 10 percent. Unhealthy lifestyles are the cause of non-communicable diseases in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City in 2024. This type of research is a quantitative research that is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional method. This research was conducted from February to July 2024. The study population was high school adolescents in Medan City who were selected as sample clusters in this study, namely 7679 people. The research sample was 334 respondents using the Isaac and Michael formula with the proportional random sampling method for each school. The data collection method used a questionnaire through a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test, the results of which are described in the frequency distribution table. The results showed that the lifestyle of adolescents in Medan City was in the unhealthy lifestyle category with a percentage of 61.7 percent. There is a relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City. all variables obtained values (p <0.05). So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between family and peer support and a healthy lifestyle in adolescents in Medan City.</em></p><div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keyword: Adolescents, Family Support, Healthy Lifestyle, Peer</em></strong></p>

Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi Esensial di Puskesmas Ciledug

Hypertension is one of non communicable disease which has a high prevalence in Indonesia. Based on Basic Health Research in 2018 the are N 658.201 Indonesian citizens with hypertension. Hypertension have some of the risk factor include gender, age, and sedentary lifestyle. Physical activity can be a risk factor of hypertension if people do it rarely. This study use a quantitative approach. The research method is using a retrospective cross-sectional study. The study will be using the GPAQ questionnaire and blood pressure measurement. This study determine the relationship between physical activity and blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Data analysis of this research is using Spearman test. The result of data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Ciledug Health Centre p = 0,00, the result of this study have a fairly strong correlation with a negative correlation (r= -0,59). The conclusion of this study is there is a significant relationship between physical activity and blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension at the Ciledug Health Center.

Study of Differences in Blood Sugar Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients Who Consume Rice Cooked with the Rice Cooker Method and The Steaming Method

The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey Report issued by the Ministry of Health revealed that there was an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the population aged over 15 years based on the results of blood sugar level measurements. In the 2018 Basic Health Research, it was recorded that the prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia reached 10.9%. Now, the prevalence has reached 11.7% in 2023. The Aceh Health Office recorded that sufferers of Diabetes Mellitus until early 2023 reached 154,889 cases. The purpose of this study is to find out the difference in blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus who consume rice after cooking with the rice cooker method and with the steaming method. This quantitative analytical research uses a cross-sectional study design. The population of the study was all people with diabetes mellitus at the Calang Health Center, Aceh Jaya Regency, totaling 50 people. Data collection was carried out from January 15 to March 15, 2024 using nonprobability sampling techniques. This study also took direct data by looking at the sugar content of the respondents by eating rice cooked by the rice cooker method and 1 month later by measuring the sugar content of the respondents consuming rice by cooking the rice by steaming. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical tests. The results of the study showed that factors related to blood sugar levels in DM patients were gender, age, education, occupation, income, physical activity, nutritional status, smoking behavior, and family history of diabetes. The factors most related to increased blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus patients were steaming with OR=7.47, use of a rice cooker of 11.2 and family history of diabetes mellitus of 7.50. It is expected that respondents will control their blood sugar levels, so that DM sufferers and their families will cook rice using the steaming method, and control other risk factors that can cause high blood sugar levels.