Basic Electronic Circuits Research Articles

STUDENT PERSPECTIVE IN ExCoS APPROACH IN ELECTRONIC COURSE IN UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA (UTeM)

For students studying electronic engineering, having a firm grasp of the foundations of electronic circuits is essential. This prowess includes both academic and practical components, preparing students for more challenging courses by helping them become resilient. Additionally, having a solid understanding of the fundamentals of electronic circuits equips students to apply their learning in courses that include design components, such as Integrated Design Projects (IDP) and Final Year Projects (PSM). Based on these issues, the Experiential with Cooperative and Service Learning (ExCoS) approach has been designed and implemented in Fundamental Electronic courses in semester 1 2023/2024 at Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik & Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), UTeM. The ExCoS approach integrates experiential, cooperative, and service-learning theory in this course. As a result of this approach, the achievement percentage of Learning Outcome 1 (LO1) in Fundamental Electronics increased from 83% to 93%. Moreover, this method has nurtured students who are more confident, skilled, and critical thikers attributes that contribute to their future success in the professional realm. According to students’s feedback the ExCoS approach enhances student understanding of basic electronic circuit and boost their communication confidence. Besides, participant from SMK Durian Tunggal have benefited from the service-learning program embedded in this approach. Through this program, students have improved their understanding of fundamental circuit concepts and have been successful in rekindling the students' enthusiasm in the science and technology sector, which has recently received less attention.

Can PhET simulate basic electronics circuits for undergraduate students?

PhET is one of the most powerful and impressive simulator innovations, widely used in the STEM-based learning process. Based on literature reviews, students are allowed to independently practice their skills and understanding of the material concept using this tool. PheT involves students in process competencies comprehensively and also provides a highly interactive virtual environment for STEM materials, including basic electronics, a sub-category of physics. This tool can also be easily accessed online at https://phet.colorado.edu/ or offline with a note that the user should download and install the application on a PC. An interesting question regarding this education tool is, "can PhET support basic electronics learning in Higher Education (HE)?" Numerous preliminary studies have not answered this question, which is associated with the technical aspect of the tool, because they only focused on the pedagogical aspect. Therefore, this research aims to fill this gap by exploring the capability of PhET in simulating basic electronic circuits that were commonly studied by students in HE, including Kirchoff Current Law (Kirchoof I), Kirchoff Voltage Law (Kirchoff II), Voltage Divider, Series/Parallel Resistors, Wheatstone Bridge, and Star – Delta Resistors. These circuits are simulated in two PhET products, namely, online (1.2.7) and offline (3.20) versions, with numerous setups used to compare their performances to the theoretical calculations. Finally, the answers were obtained clearly from the experimental results in the simulation environment.

Разработка широкополосного сейсмоприемника на базе геофона GS-ONE LF

A schematic diagram of a seismic receiver based on the GS-ONE LF geophone is proposed and implemented. A basic electronic circuit has been developed that allows summation of seismic signals from geophones to increase the signal-to-noise ratio.The method of hardware correction is implemented to expand the frequency range and sensitivity. The developed seismometer can be used to monitor hydraulic fracturing operations as part of a small-aperture seismic group.

Tinkercad: A Blended Teaching and Learning Tool

Tinkercad is a teaching and learning tool which could be used for electronic circuit implementation, software coding and 3D model designing. Technical skill sets improve by practicing designing and coding using Tinkercad simulation. The realistic view of the components gives real time feeling like students doing practical in laboratory. This paper will elaborate the design and development of basic electronic circuit, Arduino based circuit and a 3D model. An effective blended pedagogy which will help the students to understand the designing concept and its implementation. Tinkercad is an open-source free -ware simulation tool hence it’s possible to every student to practice lab work with it. In the situation where physical laboratory work was not possible, Tinkercad provided a helping hand for Teachers and students to perform practical virtually.

Parallel Boost Converter for Power Factor Correction

This paper aims to develop a circuit for PFC using active filtering approach by implementing two boost converters arranged in parallel. It shall be based on an optimised power sharing strategy to improve the current quality and at the same time reduce the switching losses. The work initially involves simulation of basic power electronic circuits and the analysis of the current and voltage waveforms. It starts with simple circuits with a gradual increase in complexity by inclusion of new components and their subsequent effect on the current and voltage waveforms. We focus on the objective of improving the input current waveform i.e. making it sinusoidal by tuning the circuits. All the simulation work is done in MATLAB Simulink software.

Design and implementation of electronic circuit virtual laboratory based on virtual reality technology

Virtual reality technology has been applied in virtual labs and remote experiment teaching. This paper designs an electronic circuit virtual laboratory based on virtual reality technology, and relevant experimental teaching content. The system uses Unity 3D and 3ds max tools to build a three-dimensional model of general instrumentation, electronic components, and laboratory scenes in electronic circuit experiments. The C# is used to develop general virtual instrumentation functions and electronic circuit simulation, the electronic circuit virtual reality laboratory based on VR equipment was realized. We have developed VR electronic circuit virtual laboratory on PC and web. Students can use VR electronic circuit virtual laboratory to learn basic electronic circuit knowledge and carry out electronic circuit virtual experiment immersively.

ANALYSIS OF RL-CIRCUIT SUPPLIED BY VOLTAGE WITH SINUS OR SQUARE WAVEFORM

The serial connection of resistor R and inductance L is a basic electronic circuit. It's the same is main circuit in industrial power consumers: electric motors, induction furnaces, welding devices and other electrical consumers. The ratio of the values on resistor and inductance in the serial circuit determines the amount of active energy that the power source delivers to the consumer. From the power point of view, the amount of this energy should be as high as possible, ie the circuit should work with a good power factor and a good efficiency.When the RL-circuit is supplied by sinusoidal-prostoperiodic voltage the amount of active energy is determined by the values on effective voltage and current in the circuit, and the power factor determined by the phase difference between the voltage and current. In the literature there is detail information for the work of the serial RL-circuit supplied by sinusoidal voltage.The situation is quite different when the RL-circuit is supplied by voltage with square waveform. The amount of delivered energy then depends not only on the phase difference between the voltage and the current, but also and from the harmonic distortion of the magnitudes of the voltage and current.Such RL-circuits, supply by voltage with square waveform are found in all power converters: speed regulators in directional and alternating motor, induction heating devices, voltage regulators for different RL-consumers. In the literature which deals with this matter, there is room for clarification of nature of the behavior on RL-circuit supply by voltage with square waveform.In this paper first is made a mathematical calculation of power when the serial RL-circuit is supplied by voltage with sinus waveform and when it is supplied by voltage with square waveform. Also are give the results obtained with simulations in the PowerSim software package. In finally are given the experimental results of this circuit. An analysis of the obtained results and a comparison of the performance of the RL-circuit supply by the two analyzed waveforms, sinusoidal and quadratic are made.

PENGGUNAAN FESTO FLUIDSIM SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X PELAJARAN DASAR LISTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIKA DI SMK NEGERI 2 BANDA ACEH

Festo Fluidsim is a computer-based learning media that can be used to facilitate students inunderstanding learning methods. Festo Fluidsim is an application for making basic electronic circuits,then followed by pneumatic and electro-pneumatic circuits that can be directly simulated. The mediais suitable for use as a learning medium to help improve the learning outcomes of students majoringin industrial electronics engineering who are studying the basic subjects of electricity and electronicsat SMK Negeri 2 Banda Aceh. The type of this research is a quantitative study using the experimentalmethod, forming 2 study groups, control and subsequent experiments conducted data collection withthe test method. The results obtained indicate an increase in the value of learning outcomes from anaverage pretest 46.19 to an average at 88.21 posttest. Similarly, based on the results of statistical testsconducted, obtained an average value of N-Gain 0.79 <0.7 which can be categorized as high, the resultsof the criteria of pretest significance value 0.13> 0.05 and posttest significance value 0.59> 0 , 05which is normally distributed, and subsequently gets a Sig. (2-tailed) score is 0,000 which is smallerthan 0.05, so it can be concluded that the use of Festo Fluidsim as a learning medium can effectivelyimprove student X learning outcomes of Elementary subjects Electricity and Electronics SMK Negeri2 Banda Aceh

Adapting Laplacian based filtering in digital image processing to a retina-inspired analog image processing circuit

In this paper, a unique biologically inspired retina circuit architecture providing Laplacian filter based analog image processing has been suggested. A digital image filtering method is utilized for this aim. Convolution theory and masking technique have an important place among digital image processing methods. These two mathematical operations can be easily done with basic electronic circuit structures. We use current mirrors and current subtractor circuit for the purpose of performing convolution by the use of masking technique on any image. The concept of human retina is able to be mimicked by the help of using silicon circuits. A retina construction can be thought as a group of pixel structures. Because of this reason, we first design a novel pixel circuit as a subcircuit for the retina structure. Our new retina-inspired neuromorphic pixel consists of only 8 MOS transistors. Then, 10 k identical pixel circuits are united together with the help of proper subcircuit connections to achieve a retina structure of size 100 × 100 pixels which enables edge detection feature on images thanks to Laplacian filtering. We compare the analysis results of our grid retina circuit with the theoretical Laplacian filter method used in digital image processing. We obtain analysis results of four different grayscale images that agree well with the expected theoretical results for Laplacian filtering.

Analyses and Control of Chaotic Behavior in DC-DC Converters

In this study the nonlinear behavior of a buck converter was simulated and the responses of Phases 1 and 2 and the chaotic phase were investigated using changes of input voltage. After a dynamic system model had been acquired using basic electronic circuit theory, Matlab and Pspice simulations were used to study system inductance, resistance, and capacitance. The characteristic changes of input voltage, and phase plane traces from simulation and experiments showed nonlinear behavior in Phases 1 and 2, as well as a chaotic phase. PID control and Integral Absolute Error (IAE) were used as adaption coefficients to control chaotic behavior, and particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the genetic algorithm were used to find the optimal gain parameters for the PID controller. Simulation results showed that the control of chaotic phenomena could be achieved and errors were close to zero. Fuzzy control was also used effectively to prevent chaos. The experimental results also showed nonlinear behavior from Phases 1 and 2 as well as the chaotic phase. Laboratory experiments conducted using both PID and fuzzy control echoed the simulation results. The fuzzy control results were somewhat better than those obtained with PID.

Undergraduate Electronics Projects Based on the Design of an Optical Wireless Audio Transmission System

The two projects presented in this paper can be used either as two separate assignments in two different semesters or as a final assignment for undergraduate students of electrical engineering. They have two main objectives: first, to teach basic electronic circuit design concepts and, second, to motivate the students to learn more about analog circuit design. The two projects are: 1) the design of an audio power amplifier, and 2) the design of an amplitude-modulated optical link with a pulsed light-emitting diode (LED) at the emitter and a photodiode and a transimpedance amplifier at the receiver. An audio signal is used to modulate the oscillator that drives the LED, and the receiver demodulates this signal to produce an audio signal (music, for example) that can be sent to a loudspeaker. The intent of this optical communication system was to allow students to design and build various electronic circuits that have an overall objective and a clear practical application. Students are motivated by using this system to transmit, receive, and listen to their own music.

Design and implementation of a compact avionics instrument for light aviation

In this study, a low-cost compact avionics instrument has been designed and implemented for light aviation vehicles such as ultralight airplanes, hang glider-trikes, and paramotors. At the moment there are a few commercial products that provide flight data and vehicle statuses such as altitude, temperature, fuel level, and engine hours meter. However, due to low production rates, customization for different air vehicles, and complex electronics and signal processing hardware, these instruments are generally far from being affordable; their cost may even be more than that of the air vehicle. This study presents a novel approach such that recent state-of-the-art hardware and sensors are utilized to provide critical flight data to the user accurately. The commercial off-the-self hardware used in the instrument may easily be acquired from the electronics market. Devices like these may be utilized not only for aviation but also sea and land vehicles, providing the user with important data at an affordable cost. In this study, design of the device is explained in detail, which may be constructed with basic electronic circuit construction tools and be utilized as an educational tool as well. The instrument that leverages flight security may be tailored for any air vehicle by using the methods in this study.

Design and Development of a Project-Based Embedded System Laboratory Using PIC 18F25K20

In this paper we present experiments and projects which gives hands-on experience to the students who start working with microcontrollers initially. As PIC microcontrollers have become popular and are one of the best microcontrollers to start working with in an introductory embedded system laboratory, we have chosen PIC 18F25K20 microcontroller available on the market in a palm size module by name: AMICUS. The exercises described in this paper can be introduced as a one-third semester laboratory course. The AMICUS module is inexpensive and can be used to perform basic and project-based exercises. It is well suited for an under graduate engineering or science course, with electronics, computer science as major. If it is a introductory laboratory course on microcontrollers, it gives an opportunity for the student to use his previous knowledge on basic electronic circuits, digital system design, computer architecture and software development. This paper is not only useful for academics but also useful for amateur electronics hobbyist.

Harvesting of energy from Human Walking with a piezoelectric transducer to supply a medical instrument

Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, the advanced technology of designing electronic circuits in very small size and with very low power consumption has led to development of wearable and implantable medical devices. However, the electronic circuits need power supply that is usually provided by relatively large and heavy batteries. The discharged batteries have to replaced or recharged for long time operation of electronic circuits. A new promising approach to overcome these limitations is harvesting the required power from the human body itself. Materials and Methods : In this paper, a harvesting system which implements a high performance piezoelectric transducer in the shoe was developed and evaluated for supplying the power required by a basic electronic circuit as a model of a wearable medical device. Results: The developed system was able to harvest 0.8mw of steady power with the use of only one piezoelectric transducer. The power was used to supply a basic micro-controller based electronic system steadily without the need for any batteries. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that low power monitoring or rehabilitation instruments may be supplied without batteries by harvesting the available energy in the walking process. Keywords: Energy harvesting, Human walking, Piezoelectric Transducer, Wearable Medical Devices

Analogs of Basic Electronic Circuit Elements in a Free-Space Atom Chip

Using a thermal sample of laser-cooled rubidium atoms, we have constructed a neutral-atom circuit analogous to an electronic capacitor discharged through a resistor. The atoms are confined using what we call a free-space atom chip, an optical dipole trap created using a generalized phase-contrast imaging technique. We have also calculated theoretical values for the capacitance and resistance, which agree with our experiments, as well as theoretical value for an atomic analog of electrical inductance. We show that atomic capacitance is analogous to the quantum capacitance, the atomic resistance is analogous to the ballistic, or Sharvin resistance, and the atomic inductance is analogous to kinetic inductance.

Design of Micro Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester and Storage System Based on Human Motion

According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction,the electromagnetic vibration energy harvester can convert the mechanical vibration of human running or walking to electrical energy, the harvester output is through detection/rectification, two-stage of energy storage, stabilize voltage which is able to reach stable voltage of 4.2V,current of 355mA.The whole system doesn’t need external power supply, the electromagnetic vibration energy harvester has produced two part of the electric energy, a part used to storage, and another part provided power supply for circuit chips. Characteristic of the selected chip is low power and high stability. Analyzing the energy harvester’s structure and principles, a basic electronic circuit for storing the electrical energy is also introducing. The amount of output electrical energy about energy harvester is controlled by magnetic field strength, amplitude and frequency of human movement.

P-11 専門域外の学生のための電子回路基礎・測定技術教育の取組み((11)ものつくり教育,ポスター発表)

P-11 専門域外の学生のための電子回路基礎・測定技術教育の取組み((11)ものつくり教育,ポスター発表)

Editorial–Synthetic Biology

Editorial–Synthetic Biology

Development of Remote Measurement System for Studying Electronic Circuits on Web Browser

We have designed and implemented the “Virtual Laboratory” systems on the computer systems. Some of the implemented systems are Web-based learning environments where a server/client model is adopted. The subject of electronic circuits is the most essential one in the departments of electrical and electronic engineering. However, it is a difficult subject for students to understand the basic therory, technical term and electronic circuit design. In this paper, we will describe the remote measurement system for the learning support of electronic circuits using RTLinux.

Design and Implementation of Study Support System for Electronic Circuits with Observable V-I Characteristics

We have designed and implemented the “Virtual Laboratory” on the computer systems. Some of the implemented systems are Web-based learning environments where server/client model and Java technologies are adopted. The subject of electronic circuits is the most essential one in the department of electrical and electronic engineering. However, it is a difficult subject for students to understand the basic therory, technical term and electronic circuits design. In this paper, we will describe the study support system for the electronic circuits with observable V-I characteristics using Java.