Basic Attributes Research Articles

Workplace interpersonal relationships and turnover intentions among care workers working in older adult care facilities in Japan: a mediation analysis comparing direct and mediated effects via psychological distress

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between workplace interpersonal relationships, psychological distress, and turnover intentions among care workers working in older adult care facilities.MethodsAn anonymous online survey among 811 care workers in Tottori Prefecture, Japan, was conducted between November and December 2023. The data were collected using the Workplace Interpersonal Problems Scale for care workers (WIPS), the K6 scale to assess psychological distress, the Turnover Intention Scale and basic attributes. Responses were obtained from 254 participants with a response rate of 31.3%. The low response rate suggests that selection bias may have affected the results of this study.ResultsThe results of the mediation analysis for the WIPS subscale which was adjusted for basic attributes show that the direct effects of insufficient communication and a sense of unfair workload were stronger than the mediating effects of psychological distress (Insufficient communication: direct effect: β = 0.319 [95% CI = 0.192, 0.459]; mediation effect: β = 0.194 [95% CI = 0.105, 0.285]), sense of unfair workload: direct effect: β = 0.314 [95% CI = 0.187, 0.443]; mediation effect: β = 0.190 [95% CI = 0.113, 0.268]). In these other four WIPS subscales, psychological distress was partially mediated (bullying: direct effect: β = 0.207 [95% CI = 0.091, 0.322]; mediation effect: β = 0.204 [95% CI = 0.135, 0.290], different attitudes to care work: direct effect: β = 0.278 [95% CI = 0.140, 0.401]; mediation effect: β = 0.204 [95% CI = 0.128, 0.293], difficulty in guidance for subordinates/new staff: direct effect: β = 0.207 [95% CI = 0.072, 0.329]; mediation effect: β = 0.219[95% CI = 0.141, 0.313], labeling: direct effect: β = 0.198 [95% CI = 0.073, 0.330]; mediation effect: β = 0.211 [95% CI = 0.143, 0.287]).ConclusionsThis study revealed that some workplace interpersonal problems have a stronger direct effect on turnover intentions, whereas others have a stronger mediating effect on turnover intentions through psychological distress. Workplace interpersonal problems are predictors of turnover intentions among care workers working in elderly care facilities, and different workplace interpersonal problems may be targeted for intervention to reduce turnover intentions.

Association between health checkups, vaccination, and social isolation among people on public assistance: The case of Izumi Public Health and Welfare Center, Sendai City

Objective The healthcare management support program for public assistance recipients has been mandated at all welfare centers since 2021 because the importance of healthcare support for them has recently been recognized in Japan. However, the factors that hinder preventive healthcare service utilization have not been empirically investigated. This survey aimed to identify the relationship between health checkups, vaccination services, and social isolation among people on public assistance.Methods The survey participants were 1,739 public assistance recipients within the jurisdiction of the Public Health and Welfare Center, Izumi Ward, as of January 1, 2022. Data on basic attributes, number of household members, household type, and employment status were obtained from the welfare system. Whether the recipient had received a health checkup or COVID-19 vaccination was determined from the medical receipt. We created four items assessing social isolation. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between the number of health checkups, vaccination, and social isolation.Results A total of 444 participants (response rate: 25.5%) were included in this analysis. Forty-four (9.9%) participants received a health checkup, and 336 (75.7%) received a vaccination. Logistic regression analysis revealed that attendance at health checkups was positively associated with face-to-face contact, non-face-to-face contact, emotional support, and instrumental support. In particular, the odds ratio of face-to-face contact was 3.59 (95% confidence interval: 1.85-6.94). Vaccination was positively associated with face-to-face contact, non-face-to-face contact, emotional support, and instrumental support. In particular, the odds ratio of instrumental support was 1.58 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-2.54).Conclusion The findings of this survey revealed that social isolation was an important factor in facilitating the uptake of health checkups and vaccinations among welfare recipients in Sendai. Furthermore, this survey suggests that different types of social support should be incorporated into welfare services depending on the nature of the process by which the recipient accesses preventive services.

Factors associated with cancer risk perception among high school sophomores: an analysis of national survey data based on a cancer education logic model to promote cancer control

Objective Using a nationwide survey of cancer education outcomes that contribute to cancer control, this study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of cancer education associated with students' perceptions of cancer risk.Methods An online survey was administered to second-year high school students between September and December 2022. The participants were asked about two basic attributes and 33 short-term outcome measures, as shown in the cancer education logic model. Of the 238 schools randomly selected nationwide, 145 (30,208 students) participated (60.9% of the institutions responded). Of the 21,692 respondents, 20,402 indicated that they would participate in the survey. The analysis included 19,785 respondents (response rate; 65.5%). After calculating the percentage of responses for each item, we conducted a Chi-square test with sex as the dependent variable and logistic regression analysis with cancer risk awareness as the dependent variable, using sex as the adjustment variable for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at P＜0.05.Results The percentage of responses based on the calculation method for each indicator ranged from 67.6-88.4% and 77.5-93.1% among male and female students, respectively, for the seven indicators of cancer prevention. Contrastingly, the percentages for the three indicators in the field of cancer care ranged from 4.3-89.1% and 6.6-89.8% among male and female students, respectively. Cancer risk awareness among female students was higher than that among male students at 3,196 (31.9%) and 2,814 (28.8%), respectively (P＜0.001). Additionally, more female students knew about cancer, whereas more male students felt stigmatized. Furthermore, in an analysis in which sex was used as a moderating variable, 25 of the 33 items were risk perception-related factors. Of these, odds ratio was 0.92 (95% confidence interval; 0.86-0.98) for those who found it easy to judge "the basis of cancer information."Conclusion Cancer risk perception was positively associated with sex and many short-term outcome measures in cancer education. Improved health education on cancer as a typical disease and an appropriate social environment for such education are required.

A Multidimensional Exploration of the Mechanism of Color Emotion Elicitation in Oil Painting under the Perspective of Psycho-Aesthetics

This thesis focuses on the psychological aesthetics perspective, and deeply analyzes the emotion-inducing mechanism of oil painting colors. By elaborating the theory of emotional expression of color, exploring the specific mechanisms of emotional evocation of oil painting color in the basic attributes of color, symbolic connotations, landscape oil painting techniques, synergy with other elements of painting, as well as psychological interaction between the artist and the viewer, the thesis reveals how the color of oil paintings touches the emotions in the process of creation and enjoyment, and provides the theoretical basis and practical guidance for a deeper understanding of the art of oil paintings.

Synergetic Effect of Accentuated Cut Edges (ACE) and Macerating Enzymes on Aroma and Sensory Profiles of Marquette Red Wine

This research explored the effects of using Accentuated Cut Edges (ACE) and macerating enzymes on the aroma and sensory profile of Marquette red wines after nine months of aging. The aroma analysis was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The intensity of basic sensory attributes, including color, aroma, taste, and mouthfeel, were evaluated by eight trained panelists through descriptive analysis using 15 cm line scales. ACE treatment affected the aroma compounds profile, as suggested by the increased response ratio of ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, and ethyl 3-methylbutanoate. Statistically, it significantly intensified honey (by 1.6 times) and green apple (by 2.1 times) notes, as perceived by panelists, compared to the control during the sensory descriptive analysis. Regardless of the type of enzymes, combined ACE and enzymes treatment amplified the color intensity of wine by up to 71.4% as observed by panelists, though this was not captured by spectrophotometric measurements (p > 0.05) from the previous study. A lower concentration of ester-derived compounds was found in ACE with enzymes wines, which was associated with the lower intensity of fruity notes during the descriptive analysis. Notably, none of the treatments affected astringency perception, likely due to the low concentration and small molecular weight of condensed tannins, alongside changes in the composition of soluble polysaccharide in Marquette red wines.

An optical flow battery enabled by trap-engineered nanophosphors

Flow batteries represent a promising technology for storing electrical energy in circulating electrolyte solutions that contain redox-active chemicals. Inspired by the redox flow battery, in this paper we describe the concept and implementation of an optical flow battery, which stores photon energy in circulating nanophosphor colloids. Similar to the redox flow battery, the optical flow battery enables the conversion between photon energy and chemical energy in a rechargeable manner, facilitating distributed energy storage by decoupling energy and power. We characterized basic cell attributes and performance metrics of this prototype optical flow battery in the context of common assessment methods for conventional redox flow batteries. We envision that this optical flow battery may provide a useful tool for solar energy storage, light delivery in live animals, and light-based therapy, diagnosis, and surgery in medicine.Graphical

An Accurate Construction Method of E-commerce User Profile Based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithm and Big Data Analysis

User’s basic attributes, behavior characteristics, value attributes, social attributes, interest attributes, psychological attributes, and other factors will lead to poor user experience, information overload, interference, and other negative effects. In order to develop more accurate marketing strategies, optimize user experience, and improve the conversion rate and user satisfaction of e-commerce platforms, an accurate construction method of e-commerce user profile based on artificial intelligence algorithm and big data analysis is proposed. Based on big data analysis technology, the basic attributes, behavior characteristics, value attributes, social attributes, interest attributes, and psychological attributes of e-commerce users are collected and integrated from multiple dimensions. The improved sequential pattern mining algorithm (PBWL) is applied to mine the frequent sequential pattern in the e-commerce user behavior, and to reveal the user’s behavior habit. The comprehensive attribute representation of e-commerce users is obtained by combining the LINE network model and the convolutional neural network. The firefly K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the e-commerce users, group the users based on the similarity of user attribute information, create different types of user clusters, and achieve the accurate construction of an e-commerce user profile. The experimental results show that this method can build an accurate e-commerce user profile and provide strong support for personalized recommendation and precision marketing of e-commerce platforms. This method can dig deeply into the behavior habits of e-commerce users and accurately reflect their interest preferences and consumption characteristics. This method can quickly and stably cluster e-commerce users, and the clustering effect of user profiles is optimal. This method can also divide the data into meaningful groups according to the user’s consumption behavior, and reveal the characteristics and values of different groups.

Survey of Citizens' Preferences for Combined Contact Tracing App Features During a Pandemic: Conjoint Analysis.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increased need for novel solutions such as digital contact tracing apps to mitigate virus spread became apparent. These apps have the potential to enhance public health initiatives through timely contact tracing and infection rate reduction. However, public and academic scrutiny has emerged around the adoption and use of these apps due to privacy concerns. This study aims to investigate public attitudes and preferences for contact tracing apps, specifically in Japan, using conjoint analysis to examine what specifications the public values most in such apps. By offering a nuanced understanding of the values that citizens prioritize, this study can help balance public health benefits and data privacy standards when designing contact tracing apps and serve as reference data for discussions on legal development and social consensus formation in the future. A cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire survey was conducted to determine how various factors related to the development and integration of infectious disease apps affect the public's intention to use such apps. Individuals were recruited anonymously by a survey company. All respondents were asked to indicate their preferences for a combination of basic attributes and infectious disease app features for conjoint analysis. The respondents were randomly divided into 2 groups: one responded to a scenario where the government was assumed to be the entity dealing with infectious disease apps (ie, the government cluster), and the other responded to a scenario where a commercial company was assumed to be this entity (ie, the business cluster). Samples of 500 respondents from each randomly selected group were used as target data. For the government cluster, the most important attribute in scenario A was distributor rights (42.557), followed by public benefits (29.458), personal health benefits (22.725), and profit sharing (5.260). For the business cluster, the most important attribute was distributor rights (45.870), followed by public benefits (32.896), personal health benefits (13.994), and profit sharing (7.240). Hence, personal health benefits tend to be more important in encouraging active app use than personal financial benefits. However, the factor that increased motivation for app use the most was the public health benefits of cutting infections by half. Further, concern about the use of personal data collected by the app for any secondary purpose was a negative incentive, which was more significant toward app use compared to the other 3 factors. The findings suggest that potential app users are positively motivated not only by personal health benefits but also by contributing to public health. Thus, a combined approach can be taken to increase app use.

Registered physiotherapists' knowledge of terms related to responding to evacuees during disasters and its status of use

Objectives Healthcare professionals are expected to adopt a multidisciplinary approach to protect the health status of individuals, particularly those with frailty, following unprecedented disasters. This study focused on the terms "individual evacuation plan," "residents requiring assistance in evacuation," and "welfare shelters" among physiotherapists, and the degree of knowledge and factors associated with knowledge of these terms were examined to consider ways for physiotherapists to participate more actively in disaster response.Methods A web-based survey was conducted among members of the Fukushima Physical Therapy Association from March 8-31, 2023. The survey items included basic attributes, knowledge of "individual evacuation plan," "residents requiring assistance in evacuation," and "welfare shelters," and the presence of opportunities to acquire knowledge, own evacuation experience, and experience supporting disaster survivors. The association between knowledge and length of career as a physiotherapist, presence of opportunities to acquire knowledge, own evacuation experience, and experience supporting disaster survivors were examined using the χ2 test and residual analysis. Additionally, respondents were asked regarding their understanding of the physiotherapy recipients' "individual evacuation plan" and participation in formulating those plans. Those who understood and participated in those plans were asked to provide a free-form response about the use of the "individual evacuation plan" in providing routine physiotherapy and specific activities.Results Of the 1,645 participants, 171 (10.4%) responded. The respondents' mean age was 38.4 ± 8.5 years. Seven (4.1%) ，21 (12.3%) ，and 17 (9.9%) respondents answered that they knew "individual evacuation plan," "residents requiring assistance in evacuation," and "welfare shelters," respectively. Those who knew the specifics of the recipients' "individual evacuation plans" used them to conduct evacuation drills that assumed actual conditions and shared information with other healthcare professionals. The presence of opportunities to acquire knowledge, length of career, and experience supporting disaster survivors were associated with knowledge of "individual evacuation plan," "residents requiring assistance in evacuation," and "welfare shelters," whereas the presence of own evacuation experience was not.Conclusion The percentage of current physiotherapists who knew "individual evacuation plan," "residents requiring assistance in evacuation," and "welfare shelters" ranged from 4.1-12.3%. Enhancing curricula in pre-graduate education and ensuring learning opportunities for physiotherapists may be helpful in collaboratively participating in disaster responses.

Can silica application enhance vine performance and quality?

Consumer awareness of environmental sustainability and concern for food safety and quality is driving increased demand for organic and biodynamic (BD) produce. This is coupled with a more physically and economically challenging environment pushing producers to explore more sustainable management techniques. Biodynamic viticulture has both environmental and marketing benefits as drivers and involves the application of a series of nine preparations to soil and plants. Biodynamic preparation 501 is silica-based and has minimum yearly use requirements for certified growers. There are conflicting reports of silicon-based foliar sprays eliciting favourable plant reactions about improvements in quality, yield, and resistance against pests and diseases. Here, vine growth, yield components, berry and wine composition analyses, and sensory evaluations were conducted in two seasons to compare the effects of biodynamic and commercial silica treatments against a water control on Semillon and Cabernet-Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) vines. In both seasons differences in yield and vine growth were observed. Generally, yield was greater with the application of biodynamic silica and potassium silicate. Basic berry compositional attributes pH, TA, TSS, and total anthocyanins and phenolics showed little to no differences. Sensory descriptive analysis of berries and wine indicated significant differences in attributes related to skin and seed tannins, implying that these analyses may better detect subtle yet important variations in the vineyard. The results of this study suggest a direct correlation between silicon and polyphenols, potentially influencing sensory mouthfeel characteristics through changes in skin thickness and/or structure. This study indicates that applying silica can positively impact vine performance and quality.

Approaches to Dementia Control in a Community in Japan

Abstract Background In order to consider future dementia countermeasures in the community, we conducted a survey to understand the characteristics of the elderly living in the community. Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in collaboration with Hanno-city, Saitama Prefecture, targeting all persons aged 65 years or older (excluding institutionalized residents) living in Hanno-city (aging rate: 32.0%). The questionnaire items included basic attributes, lifestyle, daily living conditions, and willingness to participate in activities. The survey was sent to 7,133 people, and 3,623 valid responses were received (valid response rate: 50.8%). Results Respondents were 1,135 males (51.2%) and 1,080 females (48.8%); 1,979 (54.6%) were aged 65-74 and 1,644 (45.4%) were aged 75 and over. The proportion of single-person households was 12.1%. 56.1% of the respondents had been living in the community for 30 years or more, and the overall membership rate of the residents’ association was high at 91.0%. A total of 691 (19.1%) of the respondents had seen someone suspected of having dementia. 1,178 (32.5%) answered ‘yes,’ 1,452 (40.1%) answered ‘no,’ and 881 (24.3%) answered ‘don’t know. There were 472 (8.1%) dementia supporters. Conclusions The membership rate of local residents’ associations was high at 91.0%, indicating that the community maintains relatively close relationships with its residents. Based on the National Dementia plan, further consideration will be given to long-term goals such as human resource development for each region and policies to support these goals. Main messages: In a mountainous district with an aging population similar to that of Japan as a whole, only about one-third of the respondents knew of a contact point for dementia-related issues. Based on the National Dementia Plan, the government will consider dementia policies, including long-term goals and policies to support these goals in the community. Key messages • In a mountainous district with an aging population similar to that of Japan as a whole, only about one-third of the respondents knew of a contact point for dementia-related issues. • Based on the National Dementia Plan, the government will consider dementia policies, including long-term goals and policies to support these goals in the community.

Do’s and Don’ts in Climate Impact Assessment of University Campuses: Towards Responsible, Transparent and Comprehensive Reporting

With the commitment of more and more universities to decrease greenhouse gas emissions, standardizing the modeling is now becoming urgent. To date, published climate-relevant emissions can be based on completely different and incomparable accounting methods, as shown with results between 6 and 2696 t CO2e for the use phase of the same campus. This article aims to identify, compare, and evaluate the different modeling approaches behind this. For this purpose, this article proposes basic attributes of emissions modeling and reporting. Of the three established approaches to emissions accounting, sector logic (territorial carbon accounting) produces the lowest figures. Reporting in accordance with the greenhouse gas protocol, which has become established worldwide, can also shift the responsibility outside the institutional consumer. Life-cycle assessment, instead, essentially includes provision costs triggered by the consumer. The different modeling approaches also overlap with different coverage of emission sources, for which a standard set is being proposed. Such emissions modeling should finally lead to the determination of university-specific climate performances, i.e., the CO2e emissions per capita and per m2 of gross floor area. Infrastructure and procurement expenses must be recorded in addition and converted to an annual average.

Exploration of the Expression of Color Emotion in Oil Painting Sketch Creation

This paper deeply analyzes the expression of color emotion in oil painting sketch creation. Starting with the three basic attributes of color theory (hue, lightness, and purity), this paper discusses its emotional symbolic significance and the relationship between contrast and harmony. By interpreting the works of artists such as Van Gogh’s Sunflower, Monet’s Rouen Cathedral, and Cézanne’s Mont Sainte-Victoire, this paper shows the unique charm of different colors in conveying emotions, creating atmosphere, and expressing themes. At the same time, it is expounded that in the creation of an oil painting sketch, the effective expression of color emotion can be realized by observing nature, using subjective colors, and reasonable composition and layout of colors, so as to enhance the artistic value of the works.

Relationship between changes in lifestyle and sleep duration due to the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in older adults: A cross-sectional study

Objectives In response to the spread of COVID-19, a state of emergency was declared on April 7, 2020. People were asked to stay at home unless necessary, and studies conducted in Japan and other countries have investigated the impact of these restrictions on the lives and health of older adults. While some studies have focused on sleep, a crucial aspect of the health of older adults, little is known about the relationship between sleep and various lifestyle changes experienced by older adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we aimed to investigate the factors associated with changes in sleep duration among older adults before and after the spread of COVID-19.Methods A random sample of 1,808 men and women aged 65-84 years who lived in Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan was selected. A self-administered anonymous survey was mailed to the participants. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with decreased sleep duration compared to the COVID-19 pre-pandemic. Factors such as basic attributes, lifestyle changes compared with that during pre-pandemic period, stress levels, and involvement with the community were considered in the analysis.Results Of the 1,808 distributed surveys, 1,305 were returned (response rate: 72.2%). After excluding participants with missing data (n＝108), 1,197 responses were included in the final analysis (valid response rate: 66.2%). Among these, 155 participants (12.9%) reported decreased sleep duration. Decreased "social activities/connectedness" (odds ratio [OR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54-4.22), reduced "average duration of exercise on exercise days" (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.38-5.24), and self-reported "stress in the past month" (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.43-4.06) were significantly associated with decreased sleep duration.Conclusion The spread of COVID-19 was associated with decreased sleep duration among older adults. This decrease was linked to reduced social activity and participation, decreased exercise, and increased stress. To mitigate these effects, maintaining social participation and activities, scheduling regular and manageable exercise routines, and implementing effective stress management strategies while adhering to infection control practices are important.

Financial education and responsible consumption in undergraduate management students

In recent years, many countries have implemented policies to promote Financial Education (FE) among citizens as a mechanism for boosting economic development and social prosperity. Since 2008, Spain has had a national FE strategy that primarily promotes basic FE among students in compulsory education. This study analyzes first-year university students’ perception of the FE acquired in earlier educational stages and its practical application in their personal lives through the acquisition of responsible consumption habits. A survey is carried out in which students are asked how certain basic financial attributes (savings, investment, budgeting, expenses, income and quality of life), translate into everyday life, and their relationship is analyzed with their perception of the importance of FE, and certain values such as honesty, responsibility and solidarity, by applying a PLS-SEM methodology. The results allow us to extract proposals for improving public policies on FE in university studies and in earlier stages.

Knee joint dysfunction in the patients immediately before arthroplasty was well reflected by locomotive syndrome, not physical frailty.

We assessed physical function by three different methods in patients with knee osteoarthritis just before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and investigated the relationship between impairment of mobility and preoperative factors. All patients scheduled to undergo TKA at our hospital were assessed for basic attributes, clinical assessment, radiography, whole-body mode DXA, knee muscle strength. And frailty, sarcopenia, and locomotive syndrome (LS) were evaluated. Among 204 patients (213 knees),172 women, mean age 75.0 years, the overall distribution in frailty was <no: 14.6%, pre-frailty: 58.5%, and frailty: 26.8%>; in sarcopenia <no: 93.3%, yes: 3.4%, and severe: 3.4%>; and in LS <Stage 0: 0%, Stage 1: 3.3%, Stage 2: 11.4%, and stage 3: 85.3%>. Eighty-seven percent of the patients with frailty and 92% with LS stage 3 did not suffer from sarcopenia. Statistically significant relationships were observed between sarcopenia and frailty, while no relationship between LS and frailty or LS and sarcopenia. Multivariate analysis of related factors with severity level for frailty and LS revealed statistically significant correlations for frailty with gait speed and LS with KSS and muscle strength. In the patients with knee OA immediately before arthroplasty, physical frailty and LS was not related with by sarcopenia. Knee joint dysfunction without sarcopenia was well reflected by LS, not by physical frailty.

Star γ Covers and Their Applications to Selection Principles

Abstract By imposing the star operator on γ covers, we establish the notion of st-γ covers. The interrelationships among many recent variants of γ covers have been identified, and various counterexamples have been shown to distinguish them. An investigation has been conducted on the basic topological attributes of these covers. We have also examined the implications between various selection principles and topological games in the context of the class of st-γ coverings.

Associations between Japanese calligraphy practice and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional Study

BackgroundSleep disturbances, such as insomnia, are common among the elderly population and have been associated with negative health outcomes. Japanese calligraphy is a traditional art practice previously associated with various health benefits, such as stress reduction and improved cognitive function; however, its association with sleep quality has not been fully explored. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 21,207 subjects with basic attributes, health status, depressive symptoms, artistic practices, and sleep habits. Individuals who satisfied the chronic insomnia criteria were categorized into the following subtypes: sleep onset latency (SOL) insomnia, early morning awakening (EMA) insomnia, and wake after sleep offset (WASF) insomnia. The t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association between Japanese calligraphy practice and sleep quality. ResultsIn this study, 17,597 elderly Japanese individuals were included, among whom 13.7 % practiced Japanese calligraphy. Regarding sleep characteristics, 32.0 % had chronic insomnia, 13.1 % had SOL insomnia, 9.1 % had EMA insomnia, and 14.2 % had WASF insomnia. Japanese calligraphy practice was associated with lower rates of chronic insomnia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.76–0.95), including SOL insomnia (OR = 0.84, 95 % CI = 0.71–0.98), and EMA insomnia (OR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.66–0.97) but had no significant association with WASF insomnia. ConclusionsThis study suggests that Japanese calligraphy practice is associated with lower odds of insomnia, particularly SOL and EMA insomnia. Calligraphy may be an effective nonpharmacological intervention for insomnia and poor sleep quality among elderly Japanese individuals.

Research on the Development Characteristics of Urban Commercial Districts in the Consumer Society: A Case Study of Shanghai

With the advent of the consumer era, the spatial structure of urban areas in China has undergone significant changes, exhibiting new development characteristics. This study aims to investigate the consumer space structure, functional structure, and consumer demand from three dimensions. By examining the development history, architectural space, and community form, as well as studying the basic attributes and behavioral characteristics of consumers, it summarizes that Shanghai’s commercial communities demonstrate a mutual penetration of consumption and non-consumption. The need for a community-oriented, experiential integration of commercial formats is evident in these areas.

Charged gravastar model in Rastall theory of gravity

Gravastars are considered as exotic compact objects, may be found at the end of gravitational collapse of massive stars, to resolve the complexities of black holes. In this paper, we analyse the role of charge on the possible formation of an isotropic spherically symmetric gravastar configuration in the framework of Rastall gravity. Gravastar contains three distinct layers viz. (i) Interior region characterised by the equation of state, p=−ρ, which defines the repulsive outward pressure in the radial direction at all points on the thin shell, (ii) Thin shell contains an ultra-relativistic stiff fluid, which is denoted by the equation of state p=ρ following Zel'dovich's criteria for a cold baryonic universe, and can withstand the repulsive pressure exerted by the interior region, and (iii) Exterior region which is the vacuum space-time represented by the Reissner-Nordström solution. Following above specifications, we construct and analyse charged gravastar model in the framework of Rastall gravity, which represents several salient features. The basic physical attributes, viz. proper length, energy, entropy and equation of state parameter of the shell are investigated. In this model, it is interesting to note that for a large radius of the hypersurface (R), the equation of state parameter of the thin shell corresponds to a dark energy equation of state with W(R)→−1. However, for small value of R, W(R)→0, defines dust shell. The stability of the model is ensured through the study of gravitational surface redshift and maximisation of shell entropy within the framework of Rastall theory of gravity.