Basa Fish Research Articles

Preparation and characterisation of fish skin collagen–chitosan–cinnamon essential oil composite film

SummaryThe composite film with collagen as the main component has been widely used due to its characteristics of non‐toxicity, environmental protection and health. Fish skin, a by‐product of fish, is an excellent source of collagen. Thus, collagen was extracted from an under‐utilised species, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) skin, and the composite film of fish skin collagen–chitosan–cinnamon essential oil was prepared by casting. The effects of the ratio of collagen to chitosan (2:8, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 8:2) and the concentration of essential oil (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% (v/v)) on the composite film were studied. The structures of the composite films were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffractometry (XRD). The collagen content of Atlantic cod skin is approximately 50.12%, which is significantly higher than that found in basa fish and Nile tilapia (P < 0.05). The content of hydroxyproline was 4.51%. Analyses of tensile strength, elongation at break, water vapor permeability, and water solubility showed Co4Ch6 (Co:Ch = 4:6) had the optimal comprehensive performance, and Co4Ch6–0.2 (Co4Ch6 with 0.2% CEO) had high water resistance in the high‐humidity environment. As the CEO concentration rose, the composite films' infrared absorption bands were enhanced in amplitude, and the XRD peaks were gradually intensified, indicating the internal crystallinity and, thereby, the opacity of the composite films were improved. The bacteriostasis zones Co4Ch6–0.4 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 2.02 cm and 1.73 cm, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging rate of Co4Ch6 rose with the increase in CEO concentration, and the DPPH radical scavenging rate of C04Ch6–0.4 was up to 48.56%. Thus, the composite films prepared from fish skin collagen, chitosan, and cinnamon essential oils have outstanding mechanical properties, barrier ability, and antimicrobial activity and are promising for application in food packaging and storage. In addition, the composite films showed a potential antioxidation ability, which might be used as green bioactive films to preserve nutraceutical products.

Indicative bacterial cellulose films incorporated with curcumin-embedded Pickering emulsions: Preparation, antibacterial performance, and mechanism

Biodegradable, sustainable, and multifunctional intelligent food packaging has attracted extensive attention due to the concerns about the environmental pollution, the health hazard, and the food safety of plastic packaging. Herein, a multifunctional bacterial cellulose (BC)-based film (termed BC-PE-Cur) was fabricated for intelligent food packaging. The film was simply prepared by vacuum filtration and compression of a mixture of the BC and the curcumin (Cur)-embedded Pickering emulsion (PE) stabilized with the natural protein-polysaccharide hybrid nanoparticles (PPH NPs). The Pickering emulsion droplets containing Cur were uniformly distributed within the film and adhered to the film surface, resulting in a uniform dispersion of Cur in the film, and a thicker, rougher film with a laminated pore structure. The BC-PE-Cur film showed excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, UV-shielding, water vapor barrier, and mechanical properties. BC-PE-Cur film can extend the shelf life of basa fish by delaying the lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms. Moreover, during the storage of basa fish, BC-PE-Cur films underwent significant color change due to the production of alkaline substances, which could indicate the freshness of basa fish. This study provides an attractive strategy to construct multifunctional smart bio-based composite films containing non-water-soluble active ingredients for food packaging and freshness monitoring.

Application of Different Animal Fats as Solvents to Extract Carotenoids and Capsaicinoids from Sichuan Chili.

Inspired by the proved dissolving power of vegetable oils for non-polar and low-polar natural compounds, animal fats with triglycerides as the major components were investigated as food-grade solvents in this study for the simultaneous extraction of carotenoids and capsaicinoids from Sichuan chili. The dissolving power of lard, beef tallow, chicken fat and basa fish oil in the extraction of er jing tiao chili was firstly compared, where animal oils with worse extraction ratios for carotenoids (0.79 mg/g in average) performed better for the extraction of capsaicinoids (0.65 mg/g in average). Furthermore, the solvent effect of animal fats on the oleo-extracts was evaluated in terms of fatty acid composition, oil quality indexes, crystal polymorphism, melting and crystallization behaviors, where no significant differences were observed between animal fats before and after extraction. The oxidative stability of animal fats could be 1.02- up to 2.73-fold enhanced after extraction and the pungency degree could reach the same spicy level as commercial hotpot oil. In addition, the Hansen solubility parameters of solvents and solutes were predicted for further theoretical miscibility study, which helps to make a better comprehension of the dissolving mechanism behind such oleo-extraction. Overall, animal fats demonstrated their considerable solvent power for extracting carotenoids and capsaicinoids simultaneously from Sichuan chili, which showed significant potential for developing a novel Sichuan spicy hotpot oil with enhanced flavor and stability.

Marine Fish Oil Replacement with Lard or Basa Fish (Pangasius bocourti) Offal Oil in the Diet of Tiger Puffer (Takifugu rubripes): Effects on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Flesh Quality.

Lard (LD) and Basa fish offal oil (BFO) have similar fatty acid profiles, both containing high contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of partial or complete replacement of marine fish oil (MFO, herring oil) by LD or BFO in the diets of tiger puffer. The control diet contained 49.1% crude protein and 9.28% crude lipid content including 6% added MFO. In other diets, 1/3, 2/3, and 3/3 of the added MFO was replaced by LD or BFO, respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate tanks of juvenile fish (initial body weight, 13.88 g). A 46-day feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through seawater system. Each diet was fed to triplicate 200-L rectangular polyethylene tanks, each of which was stocked with 30 fish. Fish were fed to satiation three times a day. The complete replacement of added MFO (replacing 65% of the total crude lipid) had no adverse effects on fish growth performance in terms of survival (>94%), weight gain (360-398%), feed intake (2.37-3.04%), feed conversion ratio (0.84-1.02), and somatic indices. The dietary LD or BFO supplementation also had marginal effects on fish body proximate composition, biochemical parameters, muscle texture, and water-holding ability, as well as the hepatic expression of lipid metabolism-related genes. Partial (2/3) replacement of added MFO by LD or BFO did not significantly reduce the muscle n-3 LC-PUFA content, indicating the n-3 LC-PUFA sparing effects of SFA and MUFA in LD and BFO. In general, dietary LD or BFO reduced the peroxidation level and led to significant changes in the muscle volatile flavor compound profile, which were probably attributed to the change in fatty acid composition. The results of this study evidenced that LD and BFO are good potential lipid sources for tiger puffer feeds.

Green synthesis of azo-linked porous organic polymer for enrichment of nitroimidazoles from water, shrimp and Basa fish

Reliable monitoring of nitroimidazoles (NDZs) is of great significance to public health. Herein, an azo-linked porous organic polymer (Res-POPs) was prepared by green synthesis method using natural resveratrol as monomer for the first time. Using Res-POPs as sorbent, a facile method coupling solid-phase extraction with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection was developed for effective detecting NDZs. The method achieved good linearities (0.06 ∼ 100 ng mL−1 for water, 1.8 ∼ 200 ng g−1 for shrimp, and 1.5 ∼ 200 ng g−1 for Basa fish) with determination coefficients above 0.995, low detection limits (0.02 ∼ 0.05 ng mL−1, 0.60 ∼ 1.00 ng g−1 and 0.50 ∼ 0.90 ng g−1 for water, shrimp and Basa fish), high method recovery (85 %∼114 %) and relative standard deviations below 8.2 %. The results demonstrated the superiority and the promising potential of the established method for detection of NDZs compared with the reported method.

Biomass carbon and Ti2C3MXene quantum dots as ratiometric fluorescent probes for sensitive detecting malachite green in fish sample

A visual detection method for malachite green (MG) in food was established based on ‘double-response-OFF’ ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor. Biomass carbon quantum dots (BCQDs) using broad bean shell, and Ti3C2MXene quantum (MQDs) dots modified by ethylenediamine were synthesized by solvothermal method. The MG and two kinds of quantum dots could undergo static quenching, and the fluorescence color of two kinds of quantum dots gradually changed from red to blue, eventually the fluorescence was quenched, and the pattern had a two-stage linear relationship using fluorescent spectrofluorometer in the range of 0.1–140.0 μM and the detection limit of 0.07 μM. On this basis, a BCQDs/MQDs ratiometric fluorescence paper-based sensor was constructed and applied to fish sample. Through mobile phone software-Color recognizer, RGB values of fluorescent paper-based sensor at various concentrations of MG were extracted. The results showed that MG concentration was linearly correlated with R’ value of RGB in the range of 20.0–140.0 μM with 16.5 μM detection limit. The method had been applied to the determination of canned fish and fresh basa fish samples, and the recovery rates were 97.33%–108.93% and 96.04%–117.97%, respectively. It proved that the ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor could be used for the rapid visual quantitative detecting MG in real samples.

Improvement of Microbial Quality, Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acids Profile, and Shelf Life of Basa (Pangasius bocourti) Fillets during Chilling Storage Using Pepsin, Rosemary Oil, and Citric Acid.

Meat discoloration, lipid oxidation, and undesirable texture are inevitable phenomena in basa fish fillets during storage, which in turn limits their exportation as well as decreases consumer acceptability. In addition, increasing consumers' requirements for high-quality, minimally processed, and ready-to-cook fish fillets with an extended shelf-life is a great challenge, particularly with lifestyle changes. Accordingly, this study aimed to improve the quality, lipid stability, fatty acid profile, and lipid nutritional quality indices (LNQI) of basa fish fillets during chilling storage at 4 °C for 15 days using pepsin enzyme (E, 0.1%), rosemary oil (R, 0.5%), citric acid (CA, 0.5%), and their combination (0.1% E + 0.5% R; 0.1% E + 0.5% CA; and 0.1% E + 0.5% R + 0.5% CA). Our results revealed that all treated samples exhibited a significant increase in protein content, a significant decrease in fat content, and a marked reduction in pH, total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), free fatty acids, and shear force (SF) values in comparison to control ones. Moreover, significant improvements in sensory scores, color stability, fatty acid profile, LNQI, and microbial quality of all treated samples were observed. Such findings were more pronounced in samples treated with a mixture of pepsin, rosemary, and citric acid (TVBN: 2.04 vs. 6.52 mg%; TBA: 0.40 vs. 2.68 mg malonaldehyde/Kg; and SF: 8.58 vs. 19.51 Kgf). Based on the obtained results, there was an extension for the shelf life of all treated basa fish fillet samples, especially in samples treated with a mixture of pepsin, rosemary, and citric acids when compared with the control samples (˃15 days versus 10 days). Additionally, eucalyptol, camphor, isoborneol, and α-pinene are the main components of rosemary, with great antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, the mixture of pepsin, rosemary, and citric acid can be applied easily in the seafood industry and at the household level to provide ready-to-cook fish fillets of high quality with great health benefits.

Marine-Derived L-asparaginase as anti-Microbial and Food Preservative against Listeria monocytogenes isolated from Basa Fish Fillet (Pangasius bocourti)

Marine-Derived L-asparaginase as anti-Microbial and Food Preservative against Listeria monocytogenes isolated from Basa Fish Fillet (Pangasius bocourti)

A micro-carbon nanotube transistor for ultra-sensitive, label-free, and rapid detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin C in food

Staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) is an enterotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause intestinal diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a sensitive detection method for SEC to ensure food safety and prevent foodborne diseases in humans. A field-effect transistor (FET) based on high-purity carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used as a transducer, and a nucleic acid aptamer with high affinity was used for recognition to capture the target. The results indicated that the biosensor achieved an ultra-low theoretical detection limit of 1.25 fg/mL in PBS, and its good specificity was verified by detecting target analogs. Three typical food homogenates were used as the solution to be measured to verify that the biosensor had a swift response time (within 5 min after sample addition). An additional study with a more significant basa fish sample response also showed excellent sensitivity (theoretical detection limit of 8.15 fg/mL) and a stable detection ratio. In summary, this CNT-FET biosensor enabled the label-free, ultra-sensitive, and fast detection of SEC in complex samples. The FET biosensors could be further used as a universal biosensor platform for the ultrasensitive detection of multiple biological toxic pollutants, thus considerably stopping the spread of harmful substances.

Preparation of Pangasius hypophthalmus protein-stabilized pickering emulsions and 3D printing application

Pickering emulsions stabilized by protein have gotten many interests in recent years. The Basa fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) is a popular aquatic product in the world, but its protein functions were seldom developed. This study reports food 3D printing inks constructed from Pickering emulsions by Basa fish protein stabilized and the profiles of its digestion in vitro. The excellent adsorption behavior of Basa fish protein (20 mg/mL) was applied to the interface of oil (60%) and water two-phase of Pickering emulsions. Rheological properties of crosslinking networks in the investigated Pickering emulsion might be adjusted to reach the required printability and extrudability during 3D printing. A slower release profile of free fatty acids was shown in the in vitro intestinal digestion experiment of Pickering emulsions. These edible Pickering emulsions have the potential to broaden 3D printing applications in foods and offer information about modulate the digestion of emulsified lipids with protein interface.

Valorisation of Basa fish (Pangasius bocourti) waste: Oil extraction and encapsulation

SummaryFish waste is a source of various nutraceuticals and bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), peptides, vitamins and minerals. This waste can be utilised for the extraction of fish oil for the preparation of value‐added supplements for humans. In this study, oil was extracted from wastes (bones, head and viscera) of Basa (Pangasius bocourti) fish and encapsulated with alginate as a coating material using the simple extrusion process. In total fatty acid composition, the most predominant was monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (30.74–61.67%), followed by saturated fatty acid (SFA) (26.45–38.22%) and PUFA (7.03–21.01%) in different sections. Alginate concentration (2.5%) with oil loading of 30% showed higher emulsion stability with the least pore space, hence, considered optimum for encapsulation of oil. The encapsulated beads were stable up to 12 days as determined by peroxide value (18.67 ± 1.15 meq Kg−1), acid value (14.13 ± 0.35 mg KOH g−1) and free fatty acid value (8.42 ± 0.51%) when stored at room temperature.

Post-modified metal-organic framework as ratiometric fluorescence-scattering probe for trace ciprofloxacin residue based on competitive coordination

The abuse of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in stock industries causes the residue in food stuffs and the leakage in the environment, impairing human health and ecological balance. Based on the competitive coordination of CIP with Al3+ and the inherent fluorescence of CIP, Al-based metal-organic framework NH2-MIL-53 was herein prepared as the ratiometric probe for CIP residue by integrating fluorescence with scattering signals. Considering the overlapped emission of NH2-MIL-53 with CIP, 8-hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde (HQCA) was further modified on NH2-MIL-53 via Schiff base reaction to produce non-fluorescent HQCA-MIL-53, for reducing the background signal and improving the detection sensitivity. After adding CIP to HQCA-MIL-53, the competitive coordination of CIP with Al3+ made HQCA-MIL-53 decomposed, reducing the second-order scattering signal at 660 nm, while the inherent emission of CIP made the fluorescence signal at 425 nm observed. And expectably, HQCA-MIL-53 displayed high sensitivity toward CIP and the limit of detection was determined as low as 52 nM ascribed to HQCA-reduced background signal. HQCA-MIL-53 was finally applied to analyzing the CIP residue in basa fish, tap water and human urine. Overall, this work develops a ratiometric probe for the sensitive detection of CIP residue, also paves the way to construct ratiometric CIP probes with the fluorescence-scattering strategy.

Effect of dietry Origanum vulgare extract on Immunological responses of Basa fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

Effect of dietry Origanum vulgare extract on Immunological responses of Basa fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

CdTe QDs@ZIF-8 composite-based recyclable ratiometric fluorescent sensor for rapid and sensitive detection of chlortetracycline

The residue problem in animal food products caused by the abuse of chlortetracycline (CTC) is one of the food safety issues that have attracted much attention. Herein, a composite was generated by embedding CdTe quantum dots (QDs) into ZIF-8 for ratiometric fluorescent analysis of CTC. With adding CTC, the green luminescence of CTC appeared under the sensitization effect of Zn2+ in ZIF-8, but the red luminescence of CdTe QDs was reduced by the inner filtration effect of CTC. On this basis, CTC was detected by the composite with a short response time of 1 min, and the limit of detection was calculated to be 37 nM that was 17 times lower than the maximum residue limit of CTC in animal food products (626 nM). Excellent recyclability of the composite was also observed, and CTC was consecutively measured at least six times. The composite was used to determine CTC in basa fish and pure milk with satisfactory recoveries (91.0–110.0%). Portable test strips were further manufactured and the visual determination of CTC was obtained. These results convictively demonstrate that CdTe QDs@ZIF-8 composite as a recyclable ratiometric fluorescent sensor achieves the rapid and sensitive measurement of CTC residue in animal food products.

Risk Management Under Impacts of Macro Economic Factors Ina Big Seafood Ex-Import Firm -Angiang Fisheries Ex-Import Jsc. In Vietnam

AnGiang Fisheries Ex-Import Joint Stock Company (AGF) was established in 2001. Agifish has traditionally beena leader in the fields of production and business activities, scientific research in the field of fingerling production, seafood processing technology and the development of value added products processed from Basa fish, tra fish. Agifish cares about buildinga spirit of solidarity between leaders, managers and workers striving for the development of the Company. Because we figure out there isa research gap in which many previous studies forgot to explore both internal and external macroeconomic elements and their impacts on stock price of Agifish (AGF),a big Vietnam fisheries firm, in the context Viet Nam and the US economies receive impacts from global economic crisis. With the using of quantitative analysis and statistics, regression OLS, together with qualitative methods including synthesis, comparison and explanatory methods, authors recognize that, ina six factor model, AGF stock price goes up together with effects from increase in GDP growth and lending rate declines. Last but not least, our research model can be expanded to other markets.

The status of Basa fish Pangasius bocourti in cage culture in An Giang province, Vietnam

The status of Basa fish Pangasius bocourti in cage culture in An Giang province, Vietnam

Consumption of Lamb Meat or Basa Fish Shapes the Gut Microbiota and Aggravates Pulmonary Inflammation in Asthmatic Mice.

ObjectiveIn China, lamb and fish are well-known triggers for an asthma attack. Our investigation aims at assessing whether the long-term intake of lamb meat or Basa fish would aggravate pulmonary inflammation as well as exploring changes in the intestinal microbiota and immune cells in asthmatic mice.Materials and MethodsThe murine asthmatic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) plus aluminum on day 0 and 14 and nebulization of OVA from day 21 to 27. Lamb meat or fish was administered to asthmatic mice by oral gavage from day 0 to 27.ResultsOur results showed that long-term consumption of lamb meat or Basa fish in asthmatic mice increased the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), enhanced levels of IL-5, IL-13 in BALF and total IgE in serum, aggravated pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion. Long-term oral lamb enhanced the proportion of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) from small intestine while it inhibited that of Treg from lung in asthmatic mice. Oral fish showed no remarkable effect on that of ILC2 from lung and small intestine but inhibited that of intestinal Treg in asthmatic mice. What’s more, the chao-1 and observed species richness as well as PD whole tree diversity increased in asthmatic mice while these increments were inhibited after lamb treatment. PCA analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the bacterial community composition after lamb or fish treatment in asthmatic mice. Both lamb and fish treatment enhanced the abundance of colonic Alistipes in asthmatic mice.ConclusionCollectively, long-term intake of lamb or fish shapes colonic bacterial communities and aggravates pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic mice, which provides reasonable food guidance for asthmatic patients.

Cross-linking effects of carbodiimide, oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide and glutaraldehyde on acellular dermal matrix of basa fish (Pangasius bocourti)

Basa acellular dermal matrix (BADM) has advantages in the preparation of oral prosthetic membranes. In order to prepare high-quality BADM, a suitable cross-linking agent is necessary. In this study, acellular dermal matrix was prepared from basa fish skin and then cross-linked with carbodiimide (EDC), oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide (OCOS) and glutaraldehyde (GA), respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), histological staining, DNA electrophoresis and the limulus amoebocyte lysate chromogenic assay were used to detect the structure and properties of BADM. The compatibility of BADM was detected by implantation in vivo and cell experiments. The results showed that the majority of the cellular and DNA in BADM were removed. The endotoxin was not be detected. Furthermore, the structure of BADM was not destroyed. The mechanical and anti-degraded properties of BADM were promoted obviously after cross-linking. The thermal shrinkage temperatures of wet and dry EDC-BADM (BADM cross-linked by carbodiimide) were increased by 39.22 °C and 18.27 °C, respectively, compared with that of the uncross-linked BADM. In addition, the EDC-BADM had good biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. In conclusion, carbodiimide can improve the properties of BADM, which has potential application in the field of biomaterials.

Green Technique for the Extraction of Acid Soluble Collagen from Basa Fish (Pangasianodon hypothalmus)

Basa fish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus) is the top fifth most consumed fish in Thailand. The production of Basa fish generates a large number of by-products. Nowadays, most of these residues are recovered as animal feedstocks or fertilizer. However, it is interesting to explore another choice of waste management practice such as the recovery of valuable material. This study aimed to extract collagen from the skin and bone of Basa fish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus) by using a green solvent. Two extraction methods were carried out. First, the conventional extraction was conducted by using acetic acid and compared with the physical extraction which employed water acidified with carbon dioxide. Conventional extraction was conducted using 0.75 M acetic acid at 4oC and solid-liquid ratio 1:40 (w/v). The physical extraction using water acidified by carbon dioxide was conducted at 37oC, 10 bars and solid-liquid ratio 1:40 (w/v). The extraction time of each technique was varied from 3 to 24 hours. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III of the extracted collagen obtained from these two techniques. When using fish skin and bone as raw material, the physical extraction technique increased the yield of dry weight collagen by 8 times and 7 times, respectively. Additionally, the physical extraction could shorten the processing time (from pretreatment until freeze-drying) by 56 hours.

Separation and Enrichment of Omega 3, 6, and 9 Fatty Acids from the By-Products of Vietnamese Basa Fish Processing using Deep Eutectic Solvent

Omega 3, 6, and 9 fatty acids were separated and enriched successfully from the by-products of Vietnamese Basa fish processing by the deep eutectic solvent. The total amounts of omega fatty acids were about 57% in the raw material, and they were amounted to 91% after the first separation by DES. The optimal mass ratio is 20 g methyl ester with 200 g methanol and 15–20 g DES. Moreover, the ionic liquid-DES was successfully synthesized with the molar ratio of choline chloride/urea of 1 : 1 and 2 : 1. The characteristics of DES were determined and demonstrated by FTIR, TGA, DSC, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR analysis methods.