Barwise Compactness Research Articles

On Transferring Model Theoretic Theorems of $${\mathcal{L}_{{\infty},\omega}}$$ L ∞ , ω in the Category of Sets to a Fixed Grothendieck Topos

Working in a fixed Grothendieck topos Sh(C, JC) we generalize \({\mathcal{L}_{{\infty},\omega}}\) to allow our languages and formulas to make explicit reference to Sh(C, JC). We likewise generalize the notion of model. We then show how to encode these generalized structures by models of a related sentence of \({\mathcal{L}_{{\infty},\omega}}\) in the category of sets and functions. Using this encoding we prove analogs of several results concerning \({\mathcal{L}_{{\infty},\omega}}\), such as the downward Lowenheim–Skolem theorem, the completeness theorem and Barwise compactness.

The effective theory of Borel equivalence relations

The study of Borel equivalence relations under Borel reducibility has developed into an important area of descriptive set theory. The dichotomies of Silver [20] and Harrington, Kechris and Louveau [6] show that with respect to Borel reducibility, any Borel equivalence relation strictly above equality on ω is above equality on P ( ω ) , the power set of ω , and any Borel equivalence relation strictly above equality on the reals is above equality modulo finite on P ( ω ) . In this article we examine the effective content of these and related results by studying effectively Borel equivalence relations under effectively Borel reducibility. The resulting structure is complex, even for equivalence relations with finitely many equivalence classes. However use of Kleene’s O as a parameter is sufficient to restore the picture from the noneffective setting. A key lemma is that of the existence of two effectively Borel sets of reals, neither of which contains the range of the other under any effectively Borel function; the proof of this result applies Barwise compactness to a deep theorem of Harrington (see [5,16]) establishing for any recursive ordinal α the existence of Π 1 0 singletons whose α -jumps are Turing incomparable.

An algebraic treatment of the barwise compactness theory

A theorem on the extendability of certain subsets of a Boolean algebra to ultrafilters which preserve countably many infinite meets (generalizing Rasiowa-Sikorski) is used to pinpoint the mechanism of the Barwise proof in a way which bypasses the set theoretical elaborations.

A proofless proof of the Barwise compactness theorem

AbstractWe prove a theorem (1.7) about partial orders which can be viewed as a version of the Barwise compactness theorem which does not mention logic. The Barwise compactness theorem is easily equivalent to 1.7 + “Every Henkin set has a model”. We then make the observation that 1.7 gives us the definability of forcing for quantifier-free sentences in the forcing language and use this to give a direct proof of the truth and definability lemmas of forcing.

A proofless proof of the Barwise compactness theorem

AbstractWe prove a theorem (1.7) about partial orders which can be viewed as a version of the Barwise compactness theorem which does not mention logic. The Barwise compactness theorem is easily equivalent to 1.7 + “Every Henkin set has a model”. We then make the observation that 1.7 gives us the definability of forcing for quantifier-free sentences in the forcing language and use this to give a direct proof of the truth and definability lemmas of forcing.

Steel forcing and barwise compactness

Steel forcing and barwise compactness

Uncountable admissibles II: Compactness

AssumeV=L. Let κ be a cardinal and forX⊆κ, n<ω let αn(X) denote the least ordinal α such thatLα[X] is Σn admissible. In our earlier paperUncountable admissibles I: forcing, we characterized those ordinals of the form σn(X) when κ is regular. This paper treats the singular case using Barwise compactness, an effective version of Jensen's covering lemma and β-recursion theory.

Martin's axiom in the model theory of LA

Working in ZFC + Martin's Axiom we develop a generalization of the Barwise Compactness Theorem which holds in languages of cardinality less than . Next, using this compactness theorem, an omitting types theorem for fewer than types is proved. Finally, in ZFC, we prove that this compactness result implies Martin's Axiom (the Equivalence Theorem). Our compactness theorem applies to a new class of theories—ccΣ-theories—which generalize the countable Σ-theories of Barwise's theorem. The Omitting Types Theorem and the Equivalence Theorem serve as examples illustrating the use of ccΣ-theories.Assume = (A, ε) or = (A, ε R1,…,Rm) where is admissible. L() is the first-order language with constants for elements of A and relation symbols for relations in . LA is A ⋂ L∞ω where the L of L∞ω is any language in A. A theory T in LA is consistent if there is no derivation in A of a contradiction from T. is LA with new constants ca for each a and A. The basic terms of consist of the constants of and the terms f(ca1,…,cam) built directly from constants using functions f of . The symbol t is used for basic terms. A theory T in LA is Σ if it is defined by a formula of L(). The formula φ⌝ is a logical equivalent of ¬φ defined by: (1) φ⌝ = ¬φ if φ is atomic; (2) (¬φ)⌝ = φ (3) (⋁φ∈Φ φ)⌝ = ⋀φ∈Φ φ⌝; (4) (⋀φ∈Φ φ) ⋁φ∈Φ φ⌝; (5) (∃χφ(x))⌝ ∀χφ⌝(x); ∀χφ(x))⌝ = ∃χφ⌝(x).

Adding propositional connectives to countable infinitary logic

AbstractFor countable admissible α, one can add a new infinitary propositional connective to so that the extended language obeys the Barwise compactness theorem, and the set of valid sentences is complete α-r.e.Aside from obeying the compactness theorem and a completeness theorem, ordinary finitary predicate calculus is also truth-functionally complete.In (1), Barwise shows that for countable admissible A, provides a fragment of which obeys a compactness theorem and a completeness theorem. However, we of course lose truth-functional completeness, with respect to infinitary propositional connectives that operate on infinite sequences of propositional variables. This raises the question of studying extensions of the language obtained by adding infinitary propositional connectives, in connexion with the Barwise compactness and completeness theorems, and other metatheorems, proved for Some aspects of this project are proposed in (3). It is the purpose of this paper to answer a few of the more basic questions which arise in this connexion.We have not attempted to study the preservation of interpolation or implicit definability. This could be quite interesting if done systematically.

Carol Karp. An algebraic proof of the Barwise compactness theorem. The syntax and semantics of infinitary languages, edited by Jon Barwise, Lecture notes in mathematics, no. 72, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, and New York, 1968, pp. 80–95.

Carol Karp. An algebraic proof of the Barwise compactness theorem. The syntax and semantics of infinitary languages, edited by Jon Barwise, Lecture notes in mathematics, no. 72, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, and New York, 1968, pp. 80–95. - Volume 39 Issue 2

Σ1 compactness for next admissible sets

Let σ be any sequence B0, B1 …, Bn, … of transitive sets closed under pairs with for each n. In this paper we show that the smallest admissible set Aσ with σ ∈ Aσ is Σ1 compact. Thus we have an entirely new class of explicitly describable uncountable Σ1 compact sets.The search for uncountable Σ1 compact languages goes back to Hanf's negative results on compact cardinals [7]. Barwise first showed that all countable admissible sets were Σ1 compact [1] and then went on to give a characterization of the Σ1 compact sets in terms of strict reflection [2]. While his characterization has been of interest in understanding the Σ1 compactness phenomenon it has led to the identification of only one class of uncountable Σ1 compact sets. In particular, Barwise showed [2], using the above notation, that if ⋃nBn is power set admissible it satisfies the strict reflection principle and hence is Σ1 compact. (This result was obtained independently by Karp using algebraic methods [9].)In proving our compactness theorem we follow Makkai's approach to the Barwise Compactness Theorem [12] and use a modified version of Smullyan's abstract consistency property [14]. A direct generalization of Makkai's method to the cofinality ω case yields a proof of the Barwise-Karp result mentioned above [6]. In order to obtain our new result we depart from the usual definition of language and use instead the indexed languages of Karp [9] in which a conjunction is considered to operate on a function whose range is a set of formulas rather than on a set of formulas itself.

Σ1-compactness and ultraproducts

This paper is devoted to a description of the way in which ultraproducts can be used in proofs of various well-known Σ1-compactness theorems for infinitary languages ℒA associated with admissible sets A; the method generalises the ultra-product proof of compactness for finitary languages.The compactness theorems we consider are (§2) the Barwise Compactness Theorem for ℒA when A is countable admissible [1], and (§3) the Cofinality (ω) Compactness Theorem of Barwise and Karp [2] and [4]. Our proof of the Barwise theorem unfortunately has the defect that it relies heavily on the Completeness Theorem for ℒA. This defect has, however, been avoided in the case of the Cf(ω) Compactness Theorem, so we have a purely model-theoretic proof.