Barisal District Of Bangladesh Research Articles

Is <i>Nymphaea rubra</i> Roxb. Ex Andrews-An Apomict?

Studies on several populations of Nymphaea rubra in the Howrah, Hooghly and 24-Parganas districts in West Bengal and Barisal district in Bangladesh reveal that this species, claimed to be a native of Bengal, never sets fruit in nature. The plant propagates though stolons and vegetative buds and, in exceptional cases, by proliferation of flowers. The report of meiotic irregularity and high incidence of polysomaty and pollen sterility is indicative of its apomictic nature. The nomenclature of the plant has been discussed.

Knowledge and implementation behavior towards mitigation initiatives of climate change: Community settings approach of Bangladesh context followed cross-sectional design.

Bangladesh experiences different types of natural disasters almost every year which adversely affect human health. It is very essential to identify knowledge and implementation behavior as mitigation initiatives towards climate change in community settings of Bangladesh. This study was designed to explore this issue. It was an analytical type of cross-sectional study which was conducted among 450 adult people residing in Barisal district of Bangladesh. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire included socio-demographic information, knowledge and implementation behavior regarding mitigation initiatives towards climate change. Bivariate and multivariate techniques were adopted to analyze the data. The outcome reflected that a large proportion of the respondents had poor knowledge (55.1%) and poor implementation behavior (52.0%) on mitigation initiatives towards climate change. Poor knowledge was significantly more prominent among the people who were male (AOR = 1.56), Muslim (AOR = 2.55), respondents with >4 family members (AOR = 1.91) and with >3 children (AOR = 1.64) showed higher odds of poor knowledge. Poor implementation behavior was found significantly more leading among the female (AOR = 2.91), service-holder (AOR = 1.92) participants having higher monthly family incomes (AOR = 2.91), who had <1 child (AOR = 2.70), belonging ≤4 number of family members (AOR = 30.09). An alarming proportion of poor knowledge and implementation behavior were found regarding mitigation initiatives towards climate change in community settings of Bangladesh. Concerning demographic major predictors, it is essential to plan and implement sustainable and comprehensive health promotional program on climate change mitigation throughout the country.

Humoral immune response against Newcastle disease virus and its pathological changes in vaccinated chickens in selected areas of Barisal district in Bangladesh

The objectives of this study were to evaluate humoral immunity against Newcastle disease (ND) virus in vaccinated chickens in terms of serum HI antibody titers in broiler and layer chickens and to determine pathological changes in vaccinated chickens. A total of 240 serum samples were collected from broiler (135) and layer (105) chickens from Barishal Sadar, Babugonj and Gournadi Upazilas of Barishal district in Bangladesh after two weeks of scheduled vaccination programme. The overall detection of Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against Newcastle disease virus was 62.2% in broiler and 83.8% in layer chickens. The percentages of specific HI antibody titer in broiler chickens were 57.5, 70 and 48 in 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks, and 4-above weeks age groups respectively where in layer chickens were 85, 80, 90, 80 and 80 in 15-24 weeks, 25-34 weeks, 35-44 weeks, 45-54 weeks and &gt; 55 weeks of age groups respectively. For both broiler and layer chicken’s protective antibody titers were found higher in adult than in young chickens. Out of 240 samples HI titers of 172 (71.67%) samples were found at protective level, 42 (17.5%) samples were at marginal level and 26 (10.83%) samples were below protective level. Among 26 samples of non-protective level, 21 were broiler and 5 were layer chicken. Out of 26 samples, 10 (38.46%) were found apparently infected with NDV where 8 (38.09%) were broiler and 2 (40%) were layer. The apparently infected birds were diagnosed on the basis of postmortem findings and histopathological lesions. Results of the present investigation may help to design appropriate vaccination schedule for ND in broiler and layer chickens and thus to protect chickens from ND in field condition.&#x0D; Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 155-167

Study and quantitative analysis of wild vegetable floral diversity available in Barisal district, Bangladesh

In Barisal district of Bangladesh, a market survey was carried out to document the local wild vegetables floral diversity consumed by rural people and also inhabitants of metropolitan city, compare the botanical and agronomical characteristics. A total of 100 wild vegetable species belonging to 46 families have been documented from Barisal district. Among 100 wild vegetables 65% species are ethnomedicinally important and 52% are available in the all the year round. Among the species 75% hurb, 19% climber, 4% shrub and 2% trees. Leaf is most frequently used plant parts consumed and fallow land is the important source of these wild vegetables. Among 46 plant families Amaranthaceae and Araceae were recorded as most prominent. Market potentiality proportionally correlated with taste, ethnomedicinal value and use frequency but inversely correlated with distribution area, community status. Wild vegetable floral species having ethnomedicinal value, better in taste are rare and distributed into certain remote areas because frequent consumption result fast reduction from hand reach sources. Findings of this study could provide baseline data to conserve these wild vegetables, further agronomical investigation to domesticate them for sustainable use.&#x0D; Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2018, 4(4): 362-371

Hormonal stimulation and some risk factors studied to improve bovine pregnancy rate at the Coastal areas of Barisal district of Bangladesh

Hormonal treatment of cows at the coastal region of Barisal district of Bangladesh was performed to assess the improvement of pregnancy rate. A total of 100 cows and heifers with irregular history of cyclicity were selected randomly and divided into five treatment groups. The groups were A (treated with anthelmintic), B (treated with anthelmintic, vitamin ADE and multivitamin powder), C (treated with PGF2α), D (treated with GnRH) and E (treated with GnRH and PGF2α). Each group comprised of 20 animals. The age, breed and parity of experimental cows were considered during treatment. In the study, the cows treated with both GnRH and PGF2α (group E) showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher estrus (80%) and pregnancy rate (60%) than that of group A, B, C and D. The overall estrus rates of local and crossbred cows were 64% and 70%, respectively and the pregnancy rates were 40 and 52%, respectively. The crossbred cows responded significantly (p&lt;0.05) to hormonal treatment than that of local cows. Parity-2 cows showed higher estrus sign than that of other parities. However, the pregnancy rates were higher significantly (p&lt;0.05) in parity-2 and parity ≥4 cows than that of parity-0, parity-1 and parity-3 cows. The pregnancy rate was also found higher in case of 4 to &lt;5 years old cows than that of 2 to &lt;3, 3 to &lt;4, 5 to &lt;6, and ≥6 years old. It may conclude that the hormonal regimen increases the pregnancy rate as well as decreases the undesired waiting of estrus and conception. Further study with more sample size will reveal the more effective treatment for cows at the coastal areas of Bangladesh.

Hormonal stimulation and some risk factors studied to improve bovine pregnancy rate at the Coastal areas of Barisal district of Bangladesh

Hormonal treatment of cows at the coastal region of Barisal district of Bangladesh was performed to assess the improvement of pregnancy rate. A total of 100 cows and heifers with irregular history of cyclicity were selected randomly and divided into five treatment groups. The groups were A (treated with anthelmintic), B (treated with anthelmintic, vitamin ADE and multivitamin powder), C (treated with PGF2α), D (treated with GnRH) and E (treated with GnRH and PGF2α). Each group comprised of 20 animals. The age, breed and parity of experimental cows were considered during treatment. In the study, the cows treated with both GnRH and PGF2α (group E) showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher estrus (80%) and pregnancy rate (60%) than that of group A, B, C and D. The overall estrus rates of local and crossbred cows were 64% and 70%, respectively and the pregnancy rates were 40 and 52%, respectively. The crossbred cows responded significantly (p&lt;0.05) to hormonal treatment than that of local cows. Parity-2 cows showed higher estrus sign than that of other parities. However, the pregnancy rates were higher significantly (p&lt;0.05) in parity-2 and parity ≥4 cows than that of parity-0, parity-1 and parity-3 cows. The pregnancy rate was also found higher in case of 4 to &lt;5 years old cows than that of 2 to &lt;3, 3 to &lt;4, 5 to &lt;6, and ≥6 years old. It may conclude that the hormonal regimen increases the pregnancy rate as well as decreases the undesired waiting of estrus and conception. Further study with more sample size will reveal the more effective treatment for cows at the coastal areas of Bangladesh.

Hormonal stimulation and some risk factors studied to improve bovine pregnancy rate at the Coastal areas of Barisal district of Bangladesh

Hormonal treatment of cows at the coastal region of Barisal district of Bangladesh was performed to assess the improvement of pregnancy rate. A total of 100 cows and heifers with irregular history of cyclicity were selected randomly and divided into five treatment groups. The groups were A (treated with anthelmintic), B (treated with anthelmintic, vitamin ADE and multivitamin powder), C (treated with PGF2α), D (treated with GnRH) and E (treated with GnRH and PGF2α). Each group comprised of 20 animals. The age, breed and parity of experimental cows were considered during treatment. In the study, the cows treated with both GnRH and PGF2α (group E) showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher estrus (80%) and pregnancy rate (60%) than that of group A, B, C and D. The overall estrus rates of local and crossbred cows were 64% and 70%, respectively and the pregnancy rates were 40 and 52%, respectively. The crossbred cows responded significantly (p&lt;0.05) to hormonal treatment than that of local cows. Parity-2 cows showed higher estrus sign than that of other parities. However, the pregnancy rates were higher significantly (p&lt;0.05) in parity-2 and parity ≥4 cows than that of parity-0, parity-1 and parity-3 cows. The pregnancy rate was also found higher in case of 4 to &lt;5 years old cows than that of 2 to &lt;3, 3 to &lt;4, 5 to &lt;6, and ≥6 years old. It may conclude that the hormonal regimen increases the pregnancy rate as well as decreases the undesired waiting of estrus and conception. Further study with more sample size will reveal the more effective treatment for cows at the coastal areas of Bangladesh.

Field Investigation on Sub-clinical Mastitis in Cows in Different areas of Barisal district in Bangladesh

In every year, Subclinical mastitis (SCM) frequently occurs and results huge economic losses in livestock industry of Bangladesh. This study was redacted to estimate the present status of SCM in cow in selective area of Barisal district. For determining sub-clinical mastitis, a total of 152 milk samples of clinically suspected cows were subjected to White Side Test (WST) and Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). Specifically, the milk samples of each individual cows which were positive to both WST and SFMT considered as SCM indicating 35.52% prevalence. Other than the local breed cows, the cross bred cows showed significantly higher prevalence, is 47.06%. In consideration to age variation, highest prevalence was observed at 5 to 7 years of age in both types where cross breed was 54.71% and 36.67% for local breed cows. Though highest prevalence was recorded as 34.78% in 2nd parity of local breed cows but the cross breed cows showed highest prevalence 54.55% in their 3rd parity. Afterward, non-pregnant cows showed the insignificantly higher prevalence (41.06%) than pregnant cows were 26.32%. Additionally, this study reported that the cross breed cows yielding more than 10 liters of milk (prevalence was 61.54%) were more prone to SCM than the others and also &gt;5 to 10 liters milk producing local breed cows (prevalence was 31.03%) were more susceptible to SCM than others. In a short, this study revealed that high milk yielding cross breed cows are more likely to SCM after their 3rd calving.

Knowledge of farmers about animal management and prevalence of reproductive disorders in cows at Babugonj Upazila under Barisal district of Bangladesh

The purposes of the study were to evaluate the existing cattle management system, outbreak of reproductive disorders and farmer’s knowledge about cattle rearing. The data were collected from a sample of 100 farm household heads selected out of a total of 1000 farm household heads from Babugonj upazila through multi-stage random sampling technique interview with a pretested questionnaire during the period from January to April 2015. In this survey, we found that 65% farmers were using semi intensive housing system of cattle and 90% did not de-worm their cattle regularly. Only 3% farmers attended a training course related to animal rearing. None of the farmers maintained a register and calculated the feeding cost per month. About 97% farmers faced the problem of reproductive disorders. Still 77% farmers wereusing natural insemination for their cow’s breeding. A total of 200 cows’ history of reproductive disorder was collected. The prevalence of anoestrus, repeat breeding, metritis, poor heat detection, ovarian cyst, uterine prolapse, vaginal prolapse, retained placenta, abortion, still birth, dystocia, pyometra and laceration of vagina were 22.0% (44), 14.0% (28), 9.5% (19), 24.0% (48), 1.5% (3), 1.0% (2), 0.5% (1), 9.0% 18), 2.0% (4), 2.5% (5), 3.0% (6), 3.0% (6) and 8.0% (16), respectively. It may be concluded that the knowledge of farmer about cattle management is very poor which influenced the high prevalence of reproductive disorders. The farmers need training on hygienic management and reproduction of cows.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 272-275, December 2017

Impact of land fragmentation and soil fertility on Aus rice producers’ technical efficiency in Barisal district of Bangladesh

This article determines the impact of land fragmentation and soil fertility on Aus rice producers’ technical efficiency (TE) of Barisal district in Bangladesh. A total of 60 farm households from two villages were selected using stratified random sampling procedure. Detailed input and output data for the Aus were collected in May 2015. Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier model was used to address this TE. Results indicate that the mean TE was 0.61. Among the four land fragmentation indicators two were found to be statistically significant with anticipated signs. The positive effect of the number of plots on TE implies that variation effect exceeded the management effect and the average distance from plots to homestead indicating loss of time and inconvenience in farming management as well as inefficiencies in input use. The study also used two indicators of soil fertility (i.e., share of highly fertile land and share of not highly fertile land). Between these share of highly fertile land had positive impact on TE in rice productivity. Therefore, the study includes policy implications addressing the structural causes of land fragmentation and developing effective strategies to promote soil conservation.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 75-81, June 2016

Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Organisms from River Sources Around Barisal District, Bangladesh

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium and lives in coastal water and causes gastroenteritis in humans especially where the rate of seafood consumption is high. Although it is a marine organism, very less is known about its pandemic spreading in the fresh water environment across Bangladesh. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to isolate and investigate the virulence potential, as well as phenotypic and genotypic traits of V. parahaemolyticus strains occurring in the fresh water environments around coastal southern parts of Bangladesh. A total of 70 suspected colonies of V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from water, sediment and roots of water hyacinth samples collected from four different locations of Bishkhali river located in Barisal district of Bangladesh. Of the 70 colonies, fourteen isolates were confirmed as V. parahaemolyticus. PCR detection for the presence of toxR, trh and tdh genes among these seven isolates using primers specific for toxR, trh and tdh revealed that all seven were positive for toxR but negative for trh or tdh genes. The results indicate that the isolates under this study do not contain virulence properties that correlate to the ability of causing infection and diseases.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 30, Number 1-2,June-Dec 2013, pp 61-64

Poverty alleviation of destitute women and poor farmers in Barisal district of Bangladesh through beef fattening

The cattle fattening programme was represents an important component of the agribusiness sector with great economic, income, poverty alleviation and social implications. The present study was performed at Barisal district in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 220 women and farmers on their household during the period June, 2013. Among them, 54 destitute women and poor farmers were identified and making groups of them for beef fattening. 54 cattle of each destitute women and poor farmers were randomly divided into nine groups (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I), each consisting of six (6) cattle. Endex®, Aldazole® and Tetranid® were administered orally to the cattle of group A, B and C, respectively. Cattle of group D received subcutaneously Oxynil®. Cattle of group E received orally Peraclear® and Urea Molasses Straw (UMS). Cattle of group F received orally Endex® and lugols iodine intravenously. Cattle of group G were treated orally with Endex® and Metaphos® intramuscularly. Cattle of group H were treated orally with Endex® and A-Sol® intramuscularly. Cattle of group I was kept as control without giving any treatment. Body weight was examined before trials (day 0) and on 10th day, 20th day, 30th day, 40th day, 50th day, 60th day and 70th day. Out of the 220 women and farmers 56.36% were involved in agriculture, 10.45% in own business, 3.64% in shared business, 6.36% in govt. service and 23.18% in non-govt. service. 18.18% women and farmers had the knowledge of animals characteristics used for beef fattening. The knowledge of feed, animal diseases, veterinary drugs, animal vaccine, and drugs used for beef fattening was 18.64%, 47.73%, 25.45%, 25.45%, and 19.55%, respectively. About 7.73% respondents have training on cattle fattening. The body weight was increased significantly (p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.05) after Endex®, Aldazole®, Tetranid®, Oxynil®, Peraclear®+UMS, Endex®+loguls iodine, Endex®+Metaphos® and Endex®+A-Sol® treatment in group A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, respectively. Highest percentages of body weight gain in Endex® + Metaphos® (19.79%) treated cattle followed by Endex®+A-Sol® (10.06%), Peraclear® +UMS (9.97%) and Endex®+loguls iodine (8.68%) treated cattle. The results of the present study will be helpful for farmers and researchers for beef fattening in Bangladesh.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 48-54

Effect of Public Fisheries Extension Service on the Selected Socioeconomic Aspects of the Clients in Two Selected Sub-districts under Barisal District in Bangladesh

Effect of Public Fisheries Extension Service on the Selected Socioeconomic Aspects of the Clients in Two Selected Sub-districts under Barisal District in Bangladesh

A new species of Euphlyctis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Barisal, Bangladesh.

A new species of the genus Euphlyctis is described from the Barisal district of Bangladesh and compared with its morphologically similar and geographically proximate congeners. The new species is highly divergent in comparison to other congeneric species on basis of sequence divergence in mitochondrial DNA gene sequences (ranging from 5.5% to 17.8% divergence). Euphlyctis kalasgramensis sp. nov. can be readily diagnosed by having the following combination of characters: snout-vent length (SVL) 30.44 – 37.88 mm, absence of mid-dorsal line, nostril–snout length 3% of SVL, nostril much closer to snout tip than eye, nostril–snout length 48% of distance from front of eyes to nostril, relative length of fingers (shortest to longest: 1 = 2 < 4 < 3), tibia length 59% of SVL, foot length 55% of SVL.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in buffaloes in Barisal district of Bangladesh

A total 270 samples were collected from July 2012 to December 2012 from three upazilas (Barisal sadar, Bakergonj and Mehendigonj) of Barisal district to know the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes. Samples were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin and shifted to Parasitology laboratory of the department of Pathology and Parasitology under the Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine (ANSVM) faculty of Patuakahli Science and Technology University. Samples were examined by direct smear method and simple sedimentation method of fecal sample examination technique. Among 270 samples 107 (39.6%) samples were found positive for gastrointestinal helminthes. Five types of helminthes were identified namely Fasciola gigantica (26.17%), Amphistomes (60.75%), Neoascaris vitulorum (1%), Schistosoma bovis (1%), Trichostrongylus axei (2%). The prevalence of mixed infection with Fasciola gigantica and Amphistomes was 9.34%. No cestode was found in this study. Comparative study among three different upazila shows highest prevalence in Barisal sadar (44%) and lowest in Mehendigonj (25%). Geographical location of different char island of Sadar upazila and season of sample collection may be the cause of highest prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in Sadar upazila of the district. Study period covered rainy season and part of winter season only. Highest parasitic ova were found in rainy season (44.32%) than winter season (29.41%). The age specific prevalence were 12.15%, 14.02%, 40.19%, 33.65% in 0-6 months, 7 months-2 years, 3 years- 6 years &amp; 7 years - above respectively. History of administering anthelmintic (Levamisole hydrochloride) to the calf may be the cause of lowest prevalence of parasitic infection at early age in the study area. In this study, highest number (60.75%) of Amphistomes was found among positive cases. Some important Amphistomes of buffalo are Paramphistomum, Cotylophoron, Gigantocotyle, Gastrothylax etc. are difficult to differentiate through fecal sample examination. So, to understand the detail epidemiology, at least a year study using gross morphological examination with molecular characterization of helminthes is needed.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i2.19137Bangl.J.Vet.Med. (2013).11(2): 131-135

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and its association with bacteria and risk factors in lactating cows of Barisal district in Bangladesh

The subclinical mastitis is more serious and is responsible for much greater loss to the dairy industry in Bangladesh. This study was per-formed to determine the prevalence of bovine subclinical mastitis and to isolate and identify the bacterial agents and risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis in randomly selected 200 lactating cows (147 local zebu and 53 crossbreds) of Barisal district in Bangladesh. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed on each quarter sample of lactating cows at field condition for determination of subclinical mastitis. Out of 200 lactating cows, 57 were found to be positive for subclinical mastitis by CMT. Out of 57 CMT positive cows, only 15 cows showed strong positive reactions and these samples were used for bacteriological culture to isolate and identify bacterial agents. The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 28.50%. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was significantly high in crossbreds (45.28%) compared to local zebu (22.45%) (p &lt; 0.05). Based on CMT results of quarters, prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 40.57% (n=212) in crossbreds and 20.92% (n=588) in local zebu cows. The prevalence was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in cows with a daily milk yield of 3-5L and 5-7L. The highest prevalence found in mid lactation was 32.50% and the highest prevalence in the age group of 7 to 9 years was 37.50%. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was comparatively higher (32.69%) in lactating cows where housed with earthen floor compared to concrete floor (23.17%). Among the pathogens isolated from the strongly positive subclinical mastitis samples, the most frequent bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. (73.33%). For early detection of subclinical mastitis, CMT can be performed regularly as a control measure and emphasis should be given on farm management practices, particularly on milking procedure and udder sanitation. Keywords : Bacteria, CMT, Prevalence, Risk factors, Subclinical mastitis. Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE

New records of phytoplankton for Bangladesh. 2. Cryptophyceae and Synurophyceae

This study presents two species of Rhodomonas, four species of Chroomonas, six species of Cryptomonas and Cryptochrysis minor, Cyanomonas coeruleus, Chrysodidymus synuroideus and Mallomonas akrokomos. These species have been reported from some ponds of Mathbaria in Pirojpur and Bakerganj of Barisal district in Bangladesh. Â Key words: Phytoplankton, New records, Cryptomonads, Synuroids, Ponds doi:10.3329/bjb.v36i1.1549 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(1): 53-59, 2007 (June)