Barind Tract Of Bangladesh Research Articles

Energy consumption behavior analysis and experimental investigation of a novel technique for energy-efficient operation of submersible pumping system used in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Energy consumption behavior analysis and experimental investigation of a novel technique for energy-efficient operation of submersible pumping system used in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Sustainable futures in agricultural heritage: Geospatial exploration and predicting groundwater-level variations in Barind tract of Bangladesh

Groundwater resources are one of the essential aspects of achieving self-sufficiency in a country's agricultural production, poverty alleviation, and socioeconomic development, particularly in agricultural heritage management and practices. In the Barind Tract in Bangladesh, groundwater levels have steadily declined due to growing irrigation demand. Surface water sources become scarce during the dry season, and groundwater levels fall to levels that make minimum cultivation challenging. In these circumstances, determining the current status of groundwater is key to any action in the future. This study investigated the existing geospatial pattern and critical zone of groundwater level in Chapainawabganj District, a significant area of the Barind Tract of Bangladesh, and predicted future groundwater levels considering multiple factors. Kriging, a sophisticated geostatistical method, was performed to examine the geographical pattern and groundwater variations, and time series analysis was employed to determine data trends and make future projections. The current study used groundwater level data from 23 monitoring stations over 10 years (2009–2018). Exponential, Gaussian, and Spherical models were cross-matched here for the best predictor model in four fitness measures to determine groundwater concentrations (RMSE, ME, RMSS, ASE), and Box-Jenkins ARIMA (3,1,0) was found best-fit for predictions, and variance estimation. Likewise, cross-validation has been assessed for the accuracy of anticipated results across spatial scales. Although more research is needed to identify the underlying mechanisms, critical zones, and their pattern of modification, possible recharge zones and their locations have been identified. Future groundwater levels, critical zones, and recharge locations have been indicated for the research area and potential recommendations.

Efficacy of some biopesticides for the management of cucurbit fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett) infesting bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Barind tract of Bangladesh

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of different biopesticides against the fruit fly infestation on bottle gourd. All of the treatments were effective compared to control. Among the treatments, Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC) performed the best based on minimum percent fruit infestation on both number and weight basis (30.71% & 32.64%) & highest percent protection of fruit over control (60.86% & 58.94%). Again, the highest marketable fruit yield (60.43 ton/ha) and percent yield increase of marketable fruit (70.46%) were also observed on Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC) treated plot. Based on the same parameters, Neem oil was inferior to Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC), which was followed by the treatment of Abamectin (Ambush 1.8 EC), Allamanda leaf extract and Mahogany oil. Thereby among all the treatments tested, Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC) may be suggested for cucurbit fruit fly management on bottle gourds.

Using market mechanism to stimulate sustainable use of the non-renewable environmental resource (groundwater) in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Agriculture, the main economic driver of Barind Tract, is highly dependent on groundwater for surface water paucity in the area. Notwithstanding, farmers use water capriciously due to its low price that makes a substantial drop in the water table. In this context, the research attempts to determine a market-based water pricing mechanism to encourage an optimal use of the scarce non-renewable resource. Required data was collected by questionnaire survey, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Contingent Valuation Method, expert-opinion survey and subsequent literature works. The results reveal that depletion level has arrived at 20, 11, 7.5 feet in high, mid and low tract respectively over the last 22 years, which results in a number of economic-environmental externalities in the area. The research monetarily evaluated the cost of externalities and incorporated it with the marginal cost of extraction to increase efficiency of an existing pricing system. Regarding human reaction to price elasticity, the new price can be a reliable attempt to reduce an overconsumption pattern of water. Quantity of consumed water can be reduced to 14190.4 m3, 17759.59 m3 and 38510.6 m3 in a year in high, mid and low tract area respectively with its implementation. The research will serve as an initiative to conserve the valuable groundwater resource for future generations by managing consumer practice.

Transformative adaptation in agriculture: A case of agroforestation in Bangladesh

Agriculture is one of the risky sectors that directly related with climate change impacts in Bangladesh. Various organizations have been working to improve the resilience of farming systems and rural livelihoods. A notable measure of agricultural adaptation is agroforestation, which denotes a process of mixed cultivation of trees and crops grown in the same plot of land. The country is recently experiencing a huge agroforestation that arguably helps to maintain agricultural productivity and incomes as well as protect rural biodiversity. This article tries to explore the causes, contributions and challenges of practicing agroforestation as a process of transformative adaptation in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. A mixed methods approach was used to collect data. A total of 13 farmers, 8 agricultural labourers and 2 agricultural inputs suppliers and 2 agricultural officials were interviewed. Questionnaire survey was conducted with 90 farmers from different study areas. The article has found that the farmers have accepted transformation in agricultural pattern by incorporating various fruit-dominated farming systems instead of rice-dominated monoculture. The results also suggest that unreliable rainfall and temperature variations, shortage of laborer for rice farming, economic benefits, and availability of agricultural inputs are the major causes of adaptation of agroforestation. In addition, agroforestation has brought several challenges which includes lacking in proper training of farmers for farm management, financial support for big investment and risk of joblessness to the marginal community. However, an integrated agricultural and rural development policy considering collaboration between farmers and relevant stakeholders is imperative for sustainable agroforestation.

Postnatal development and egg morphometry of different breeds of pigeon available at northern Barind tract in Bangladesh

Pigeon farming, like chicken and duck farming, is getting popularity nowadays in Bangladesh. The present study was conducted on the postnatal development and morphometry of egg of different breeds of pigeon available at northern Barind tract of Bangladesh. The study was conducted at thirty selected pigeon farms of three districts (Rajshahi, Natore and Pabna) of northern Barind tract of Bangladesh. The postnatal development (weight gain of squabs) of five groups (D0, D7, D14, D21, D28; D=day), and morphometry of eggs (egg weight, egg width (short axis), and length (long axis)) of breeds of pigeon (n=20, each breed) available at northern Barind tract in Bangladesh were collected and analyses with Duncan's Multiple Range test (DMRT). Considerable differences in the postnatal weight gain and egg morphometry were found among breeds of pigeon. The mature body weight of Giribaz, Kormona, Nun and Owl breeds of pigeon were below 300 gm; Satinette, Mookee, Suachandan, Lakkha, Jacobin, Bokhara, Shirajee, Homer and Pouter were 300-500 gm, and King and Strasser were below 800 gm. The postnatal weight of an age group was significantly different (p<0.05) from other age groups of all studied breeds. The highest egg length was 4.37±0.02 cm in Strasser, and the lowest was 3.68±0.01 cm in Giribaz pigeon. The highest egg width was 3.24±0.19 cm in Mookee, and the lowest was 2.73±0.02 cm in Giribug pigeon. The highest egg weight was 21.20±0.49 gm in Strasser, and the lowest was 14.00±0.23 gm in Owl pigeon. Moreover, a relationship between the body weight and egg length, width and weight of pigeons was observed in pigeons of all studied breeds.
 Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 594-598

IWRM Approaches in Water Resources Management Activities of BMDA, Barind Tract of Bangladesh: ABlooming Effort

Barind Tract of Bangladesh, located in its North-West region is a drought prone water stressed area facing serious setback in water management for agriculture, drinking, domestic and other uses. Barind Multipurpose Development Authority (BMDA) has been working relentlessly to overcome such hostile situation introducing, devising and adopting various techniques, methods and technologies in an integrated way since 1986. So, the aim of present study is to discuss the attemptsand find the impacts of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) activities taken by BMDA for groundwater and surface water augmentation, rainwater harvesting, drinking water supply and irrigation water management. In this view necessary data and information related to the water resources development and managementactivities were collected from BMDA, field investigation and other sources and analyzed them. The study finds that due to IWRM approaches in water resources augmentation and management activities of BMDA, rainfall dependent single cropped land has been converted multi cropped land, water losses have been reduced, rural people are getting potable drinking water and the desert like Barind Tract area has been converted into a granary one. Attention needs to be given to augment and use more surface water as well as rainwater and maintain the irrigation and drinking water infrastructures on a regular basis for sustainable crop production, drinking and other uses of water.

Farmers’ adaptation strategies to drought and their determinants in barind tract, Bangladesh

Farmers’ choice of drought adaptation measures depends on several determinants that include their socioeconomic, demographic, and agricultural characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the presence of dependency or association between the adaptation strategies implemented by farmers’ own initiative and their determinants in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. The study was mainly based on primary data collected through a household level survey using a structured questionnaire covering 400 farming households from an extended area comprising 10 Unions from 03 Districts, viz. Rajshahi, Chapai Nawabganj, and Naogaon in northwest Bangladesh. The chi-square test and Cramer’s V test has been applied to measure the association between variables and the strength of the association respectively. The study found that the nature of adaptation strategies implemented by farmers is mainly related to crop production and income generation. Their capability noticeably lacks to facilitate artificial irrigation that made them dependent on government’s initiatives. The association between the implemented adaptation measures and selected variables suggests that the farm size, irrigation accessibility, monthly household income, land ownership status, literacy level, and poverty status played significant role in the implementation of adaptation measures. Finally, limitations of currently practiced adaptation strategies and future way forwardhave been discussed for better drought risk management.
 SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 161-174 (2019)

Groundwater Depletion and its Sustainable Management in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Groundwater Depletion and its Sustainable Management in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Retrospective Study of Reproductive Diseases of Small Ruminants in Northern Barind Tract in Bangladesh

Context: The information of diseases prevalence give useful information on disease pattern and thus can be used in preventing diseases as well as formulating policies for future management to prevent diseases. Aim: This study is therefore aimed at determining the pattern of reproductive diseases encountered at the Barind tract in Bangladesh. Materials and Method: The primary data were collected by randomly selected location in each district of retrospective survey from the veterinary and vaccination camp of the study area. Records of 2667 clinical cases of small ruminants (2394 goats, 273 sheep) questionnaires report under this study, from July 2012 to June 2013 were analyzed to assess the importance of existing diseases. The computer program SPSS were analyzed the study and Chi-square and F test were used for significance test. Results: The small ruminants were significantly suffering from various diseases and disorders. The maximum 816 (30.6%) was affected by infectious diseases and lowest 18 (0.7%) was affected with poisonous diseases in small ruminants. The others diseases highest to lowest rate were 444 (16.6%), 354(13.3%), 345 (12.9%), 231 (8.7%), 162 (6.1%),102 (3.8%), 84 (3.1%),72 (2.7%) and 39 (1.5%) affected with gastrointestinal, respiratory, surgical, female reproductive disorder, deficiency syndrome, Integumentary involvement, diseases of sense organ, musculoskeletal system and disease of male sex organ respectively in small . The highest disease prevalence (89.8%) was observed in goat than in sheep (10.2%) and the total reproductive disease prevalence was 10.2%. The highest & lowest incidence rates of reproductive disorders in relation to sex were 32.5% & 1.9% in anoestrus and postitis. Similarly, the age had significant effect (P<0.05) and highest value were 20.4%, 7.9% & 4.5% observed in anoestrus of young, adult and old ages respectively. The season had significant effect and the overall disease prevalence was higher rainy season 40.4%, but the individual highest value observed in anoestrus 14.7% in winter season. Conclusion: The one tenth portion of disease prevalence got in reproductive related case, but most frequent reproductive diseases and disorder were in found in goat, female animal, young age, rainy season and particularly in anoestrus condition of small ruminants at northern Barind tract in Bangladesh.

Effect of lime on yield contributing characters of Wheat in Barind tract of Bangladesh

Bold) : There were six lime treatments viz.T1: Control, T2 : 0.5 t lime ha-1 , T3 : 1.0 t lime ha- 1, T4 : 1.5 t lime ha-1, T5 : 2.0 t lime ha-1, and T6 : 2.5 t lime ha-1. Dolochun(CaCO3) was used as the liming material. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD )with three replications. Every plot received 140.0 kg N, 25.0 kg P, 106.0 kg K, 3.06 kg S, 3.6 kg Zn and 0.6 kg B ha-1 from urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulphate (monohydrate) and boric acid, respectively. Available K, P, Ca and Mg were significantly increased due to application of lime which was mainly associated with increased wheat yields. The different characters of wheat viz. plant height, tillers plant-1, spike length, grains sipke-1 and grain yield were significantly increased by the application of lime. The application of 0.5 t lime ha-1 significantly increased most of the growth parameters of wheat compared to that without any lime application. The application of lime had significant effect on the grain yield of wheat. The highest grain yield was found in T4 (4.73 t ha-1), which was statistically identical with the grain yields obtained in T5 and T6 treatments but superior to those found in T1, T2, T3 treatments. Thus, the application of 1.50 t lime ha-1 is enough for satisfactory yield wheat.

Screeningof Endangered Medicinal Plants Species by Questionnaire Survey in Barind Tract in Bangladesh

Screeningof Endangered Medicinal Plants Species by Questionnaire Survey in Barind Tract in Bangladesh

Collection of Indigenous Knowledge and Identification of Endangered Medicinal Plants by Questionnaire Survey in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

Collection of Indigenous Knowledge and Identification of Endangered Medicinal Plants by Questionnaire Survey in Barind Tract of Bangladesh

A rainfall simulation model for agricultural development in Bangladesh

A rainfall simulation model based on a first‐order Markov chain has been developed to simulate the annual variation in rainfall amount that is observed in Bangladesh. The model has been tested in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. Few significant differences were found between the actual and simulated seasonal, annual and average monthly. The distribution of number of success is asymptotic normal distribution. When actual and simulated daily rainfall data were used to drive a crop simulation model, there was no significant difference of rice yield response. The results suggest that the rainfall simulation model perform adequately for many applications.

Response of wetland rice to potassium in farmers’ fields of the Barind tract of Bangladesh

Six trials were conducted in the dry and wet seasons on potassium (K)‐deficient Barind soils (Aeric Haplaquept) to evaluate the response of rice to potassium (K) fertilizer. The application of 30 kg K ha‐1 significantly increased rice grain yields at all the test locations. In some cases, grain yield increased consistently up to 120 kg ha‐1 of applied K. Rice yield responded quadratically to K application. The calculated maximum K doses were 114 kg ha‐1 for the dry season and 165 kg ha‐1 for the wet season. The calculated optimum doses of K application were 100 kg ha‐1 and 147 kg ha‐1 for the dry season and wet season, respectively. Application of K fertilizer increased K content only in the straw, but not in the grain. The K use efficiency of wetland rice at 30 kg K level was 16.7 kg grain kg‐1 applied K in the dry season and 10.0 to 33.3 kg grain kg‐1 applied K in the wet season. The K uptake by rice was higher in the dry season than in the wet season. The average apparent K recovery at 30 kg K ha‐1 application level was 59%, which decreased gradually with an increase in the K dose.

Addition to Oedogoniaceous algae of Bangladesh: &lt;i&gt;Bulbochaete&lt;/i&gt; Agardh

A total of nine taxa of Bulbocheate Agardh are reported from the north-west Barind tract of Bangladesh as new records for the country. These are Bulbochaete crassa Pringsh., B. debaryana Wittr. &amp; Lund. in Wittr., B. elatior Pringsh. var. elatior, B. iyengarii Sarma &amp; Mukh., B. keralense Venk. &amp; Natr., B. minuta West &amp; West, B. nana Wittr. var. chungkingensis Jao, B. pygmaea Pringsh. var. erecta Jao, and B. suberecta (Coll.) Tiff.Keywords: Oedogoniales, Bulbochaete, New records, BangladeshDOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v15i2.1738Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 15(2): 81-87, 2008 (December)Â