Barberry Extract Research Articles

Biodegradable photocatalytic film based on chia seed mucilage (xylose, glucose, and methyl glucuronic acid polysaccharides) containing barberry extract and SnO2 nanoparticles

In this study, chia seed mucilage (CSM) was extracted and used to prepare biodegradable film. The prepared film was modified with barberry extract (Ex) and tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs). According to the obtained results, barberry extract significantly increased the thickness of the film, while tin oxide nanoparticles affected the thickness very little. Adding nanoparticles to the film decreased both the tensile strength and flexibility of the film. Barberry extract increased the tensile strength and flexibility of the film. Barberry extract and tin oxide nanoparticles decreased the permeability to water vapor in the films. Barberry extract and tin oxide nanoparticles both increased the antioxidant property of the film. The addition of barberry extract and tin oxide nanoparticles significantly increased the antibacterial properties of the film against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Physical connections and electrostatic interactions between composite components were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the positive effect of tin oxide nanoparticles in the formation of the crystal structure of the composite film. Additives of extract and nanoparticle increased the thermal stability of the film. The mucilage film with the highest percentage of tin oxide nanoparticles up to 50 % caused the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.

Effects of nano-berberine and berberine loaded on green synthesized selenium nanoparticles on cryopreservation and in vitro fertilization of goat sperm

After cryopreservation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage sperm. Antioxidants are the primary defense against oxidative damage. Berberine is a bioactive alkaloid found in Berberis vulgaris, Curcuma longa, and Ergon grape, and is a potent antioxidant. Due to the negative effects of free radicals in oxidative stress processes, antioxidant chemicals are required to protect sperm. However, berberine has low bioavailability, making it less effective. Loading techniques on nanoparticles and nanotechnology can help overcome this limitation. Selenium nanoparticles were synthesized with barberry extract, and berberine was loaded on them. Berberine nanoparticles were then synthesized using anti-solvent precipitation with a syringe pump technique. The synthesis of nanoparticles was confirmed by EDX, UV-visible, FE-SEM, Zeta-Potential, and FTIR tests. In this experiment, we aim to investigate the impact of nano-berberine and berberine loaded on Se-NPs on goat sperm parameters after freeze-thawing. We assessed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in vitro fertility, and the subsequent embryo development of zygote with treated sperm after determining the optimal concentration of various chemicals on sperm parameters. The study found that all treatments had significant differences from the control group in terms of motility, viability, DNA and membrane integrity, ROS level, lipid peroxidation, in vitro fertility ability, and the capacity to develop inseminated oocytes (p < 0.05). The most significant outcomes were observed with berberine loaded on Se-NPs and the combination of selenium nanoparticles with berberine nanoparticles.

Chitosan/alginate scaffold enhanced with Berberis vulgaris extract for osteocyte differentiation of ovine fetal stem cells

AbstractDesigning biocompatible polymers using plant derivatives can be extremely useful in tissue engineering, nanomedicine, and many other fields of medicine. In this study, it was first looked into how chitosan/alginate scaffolds were made and characterized in the presence of berberine and barberry fruit extract. Second, the process of proliferation and differentiation of ovine fetal BM‐MSCs (bone marrow‐mesenchymal stem cells) was assessed on these scaffolds after BM‐MSCs were extracted and confirmed by developing into osteocyte and adipose cells. To investigate the differentiation, treatment groups include (1) ovine fetal BM‐MSCs were plated in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium culture medium with high glucose containing 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics (negative control), (2) ovine fetal BM‐MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium (positive control group), (3) positive control group + barberry fruit extract, (4) positive control group + berberine, (5) ovine fetal BM‐MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate scaffold (hydrogel group), (6) ovine fetal BM‐MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate/barberry fruit extract scaffold (hydrogel group containing barberry fruit extract), and (7) ovine fetal BM‐MSCs were plated in osteogenic differentiation medium on chitosan/alginate/berberine scaffold (hydrogel group containing berberine). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme concentrations, mineralization rate using a calcium kit, and mineralization measurement by alizarin staining quantification were all found after 21 days of culture. In addition, real‐time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the expression of the ALP, COL1A2, and Runx2 genes. Days 5 and 7 had the lowest water absorption by the hydrogel scaffold containing barberry extract, which was significant in comparison to other groups (p &lt; .05). Among the hydrogel scaffolds under study, the one containing barberry extract exhibited the lowest tensile strength, and this difference was statistically significant (p &lt; .05). The chitosan/alginate hydrogel has the highest tensile strength of all of them. In comparison to the control and other treatment groups, the inclusion of berberine in the chitosan/alginate hydrogel significantly increased the expression of the ALP, Runx2, and COL1A2 genes (p &lt; .05). The osteocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro settings appears to have been enhanced by the inclusion of berberine in the chitosan/alginate scaffold.

Exploring the potential utilization of copigmented barberry anthocyanins in ice cream: Focusing on foaming aspects, and melting attributes

Anthocyanins have emerged as promising substitutes for synthetic dyes owing to their color profiles, and potential health-boosting properties. The primary aim of this investigation was to assess the impact of copigmented, and un-copigmented barberry anthocyanins, employed at different concentrations (1, 3, and 5% w/w) as colorants in ice cream. The secondary goal was to investigate the influence of barberry anthocyanins on ice cream foaming characteristics, and melting point. The samples' physicochemical, textural, and organoleptic characteristics, total phenolic, and anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity were determined. By increasing barberry extract concentrations in the samples, the pH levels (5.81) decreased, and overrun increased(30.0 ± 1.15%), respectively. Furthermore, the textural analysis showed that increasing barberry anthocyanins within the ice cream formulation correlated with an increase in sample hardness (113.72 ± 1.34 N). The control sample (vanilla ice cream) had the highest value of melting rate (1.09 ± 0.03 g/min), whereas the specimen containing 5% of copigmented barberry anthocyanins exhibited the lowest rate of melting (0.50 ± 0.01 g/min). The start time of melting of control sample was 1098 s and by increasing the concentration of copigmented barberry anthocyanins from 1 to 5%, this time increased from 1405.2 s to 1831.2 s (P < 0.05). In conclusion, barberry anthocyanins reduced the melting rate as a crucial attribute for ice cream.

Multifunctional food packaging materials: Electrospun mats based on gelatin-xanthan gum containing chitin nanofibers and black barberry anthocyanins for freshness monitoring and enhancing the shelf-life quality of Pacific white shrimps

The present study with the aims of encapsulating black barberry extract (BBE, 7%) and chitin nanofibers (CN, 1%) into the electrospun gelatin-xanthan gum (GE-XG) mats through the electrospinning process, and monitoring the freshness and enhancing the quality of Pacific white shrimps during the refrigerated storage for 12 days was conducted. There was an improvement in the thermal stability of the nanofibers containing CN and BBE compared to the straight nanofibers. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study confirmed the molecular interaction between encapsulated compounds and GE-XG nanofibers. The X-ray diffraction analysis of nanofibers showed a decrease in crystallinity with incorporating BBE and CN into the polymer. The physic-mechanical properties of the nanofibers containing CN and BBE, including tensile strength, water vapor permeability, moisture content, and water solubility, were significantly lower than the straight nanofibers (P < 0.05). The colors of GE-XG + BBE 7% and GE-XG + BBE 7% + CN 1% nanofibers were pH-sensitive as follows: pale red at pH 1, red at pH 2–5, violet at pH 6–7, green at pH 8–9, and brown at pH 10–12. The increase of all microbial population and chemical parameters in shrimps packaged with GE-XG + BBE 7% + CN 1% and GE-XG + BBE 7% nanofibers was observed, although it was significantly slower than the straight GE-XG and control groups (P < 0.05). The color of GE-XG + BBE 7% and GE-XG + BBE 7% + CN 1% nanofibers also changed from white to dark violet after 10 and 12 days, respectively.

Effects of natural nitrite sources from arugula and barberry extract on quality characteristic of heat-treated fermented sausages

This study was designed to compare the effects of natural nitrite sources from the arugula leaves (arugula extract and pre-converted arugula extract) and the use of barberry extract (BE) in heat-treated fermented sausage formulations. Eight different sausages were manufactured as follows: pre-converted arugula extract (PA), arugula extract (A), pre-converted arugula extract + BE (PAB), arugula extract + BE (AB), nitrite +BE (POB), no nitrite+ BE (NEB), also positive and negative control groups were prepared with (POC) or without nitrite (NEC). The addition of arugula and barberry extracts reduced the residual nitrite content, in fact PAB had the lowest value with a reduction ratio of 47%. The addition of BE lowered the lipid oxidation compared to other counterparts. The use of arugula extract or pre-converted arugula extract resulted in a lower carbonylation than nitrite free samples. The use of natural extracts lowered the a* and b* values compared to control. At the end of the storage, no differences were observed on the overall acceptability of all samples. Combined use of barberry extract with arugula and pre-converted arugula extracts could be used as alternative novel curing agent in heat-treated fermented sausages.

Neuroprotective Effect of Root Extracts of Berberis Vulgaris (Barberry) on Oxidative Stress on SH-SY5Y Cells.

Oxidative stress plays a key role in chronic and acute brain disorders and neuronal damage associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) and other neurodegeneration symptoms. The neuroprotective effects of berberine and Berberis vulgaris (barberry) root extract against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the human SH-SY5Y cell line were studied.The methanolic extraction of barberry root was performed using a maceration procedure. Oxidative stress was induced in SH-SY5Y cells by H2O2, and an MTT assay was applied to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of berberine and barberry root extract. The cells were pretreated with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each compound (including berberine, barberry root extract, and H2O2), and the anti-apoptotic effects of all components were investigated using RT-PCR.The SH-SY5Y cell viability increased in both groups exposed to 75 and 150 ppm barberry extract compared with that in the H2O2-treated group. The data showed that exposing SH-SY5Y cells to 30 ppm berberine significantly increased the cell viability compared with the H2O2-treated group; treatment with 150 and 300 ppm berberine and H2O2 significantly decreased the SH-SY5Y cell viability and was associated with berberine cytotoxicity. The mRNA levels of Bax decreased significantly under treatment with berberine at 30 ppm compared with the control group. A significant increase in Bcl-2 expression was observed only after treatment with the IC50 of berberine. The expression level of Bcl-2 in cells exposed to both berberine and barberry extracts was also significantly higher than that in cells exposed to H2O2.The outcomes of this study suggest that treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with barberry extract and berberine could suppress apoptosis by regulating the actions of Bcl-2 family members.

Effects of barberry extract and alginate coating enriched with cinnamaldehyde and nisin on the microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of chicken meat

Effects of barberry extract and alginate coating enriched with cinnamaldehyde and nisin on the microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of chicken meat

Facile fabrication of efficient Pr2Ce2O7 ceramic nanostructure for enhanced photocatalytic performances under solar light

The design and synthesis of high-performance catalytic compounds for the decomposition and removal of wastewater containing hazardous contaminants are substantial for water remediation. Here, we report the efficient preparation of A 2 Ce 2 O 7 (A = Bi, Dy, and Pr) nanostructures and cerium dioxide nanoparticles utilizing barberry extract as an environmentally friendly reactant and their application as natural-based nanocatalysts to decompose and eliminate hazardous contaminants in an aqueous medium. The features of the produced oxide nanostructures were checked utilizing various techniques. The activity of the fabricated photocatalytic nanostructures was evaluated in the decomposition of Acid Red 14 contaminants under visible light. The outcomes revealed that the kind of trivalent element introduced meaningfully affects the dimension, architecture, optical properties, porosity, and catalytic performance of the ceria sample. Compared to other nanocatalysts, porous Pr 2 Ce 2 O 7 nanostructures exhibited enhanced photodegradation yield for decomposing Acid Red 14 (99.2%). The porous Pr 2 Ce 2 O 7 sample also demonstrated stable performance after ten cycles. Photo-generated holes and hydroxyls are the leading species accounting for Acid Red 14 decomposition. Furthermore, the decomposition kinetics of Acid Red 14 followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Preparation of 2-Amino-4-Phenyl-4a,5,6,7-Tetrahydronaphthalene-1,3,3(4H)-Tricarbonitriles Using Prepared CuI Nanoparticles via Green Method by Berberis integerrima (Barberry) Extract

In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to multi-component reactions due to the synthesis of desired products with therapeutic properties. Multi-component reactions are one of the most successful methods in increment of structure diversity and complex molecules through simple methods. They can provide effective, efficient, and feasible methods in pharmaceutical chemistry and modern complex compounds with structural diversity. Therefore, it has always been tried to prepare these compounds by using optimal methods and designing efficient and recyclable catalysts. Therefore, the attention to finding new environmentally friendly protocols as a vital issue for the production of metal nanoparticles as a catalyst is developing day by day. In this study, the preparation of copper iodide nanoparticles using barberry extract was investigated. Using barberry extract to prepare the catalyst is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method. Barberry extract acted as a reducing agent for the synthesis of copper iodide nanoparticles. The structure of the nanoparticle was determined using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). Then, the performance of the catalyst was evaluated in the synthesis of tetrahydronaphthalein1,3,3(4H)-carbonitrile. Green protocol, easy separation of the catalyst, and good to excellent yields are some of the benefits of the presented method.

Berberis integerrima hydro-alcoholic root extract and its constituent berberine protect against cisplatin-induced nephro- and hepato-toxicity

BackgroundThis study determined the potential hepato- and renal protective role of berberine and hydroalcohol extract of Berberis integerrima (barberry) against cisplatin-induced acute liver and kidney injury. MethodsAnimals were dedicated into six groups (n = 7 per group): control, control+Ber (berberine, 0.4 mg/kg/day during 10 days, i.p.), control+B.E (barberry extract, 160 mg/kg/day during 10 days, i.p.), Cis (cisplatin, 8 mg/kg on 7th day, i.p.), Cis+Ber (berberine, 100 mg/kg/day during 10 days; cisplatin, 8 mg/kg on 7th day), Cis+B.E (barberry extract, 160 mg/kg/day during 10 days; cisplatin, 8 mg/kg on 7th day). After placing the rats in metabolic cages for 24 h, blood, urine, liver and kidney tissue samples were collected. ResultsCompared to control, control+Ber and control+B.E groups, cisplatin administration led to kidney and liver dysfunction. These happened with diminished activities of antioxidant enzymes, increased levels of malondialdehyde, Toll-like receptor 4 gene expression and histological damages in hepatic and renal tissues. Berberine and barberry extract administration decreased all the changes. ConclusionsAn intensification in enzymatic oxidant status, decrease in lipid peroxidation with decrease in TLR4 gene expression level indicate that barberry extract may be a potential candidate in combating cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in liver and kidney tissues through its constituent berberine.

Effects of Some Extraction Parameters on Anthocyanin Content of Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) and Its Antioxidant Activity

In the study, determination of the optimal conditions for anthocyanin extraction from the dried fruit of barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) was aimed. For this purpose, the solvent extraction method was used. The present investigation was carried out to different extraction conditions such as different solvents (ethanol and 2% hydrochloric acid, 2% acetic acid and 2% citric acid), the concentration of ethanol (20-80%), the concentration of suitable acid (1-4%), extraction temperature (30-60 oC), extraction time (60-240 min) and raw material and solvent ratio (1:5-1:20). The obtained extract was subjected to total phenolic content and antioxidant activity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The optimum condition for anthocyanin extraction from barberry extract was as follows: using 80% ethanol and 2% citric acid (100:10) as a solvent, the extraction temperature was 30 oC, extraction time was 120 min and the rate of fruit/solvent ratio was 1:20. In these conditions, the total anthocyanin content, the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined as 101.03±1.89 mg 100g-1 FW, 3269.05±111.11 mg gallic acid kg-1 and 92.41±0.25%, respectively. Antioxidant activity of barberry (B. vulgaris L.) extracts has been attributed to the high polyphenol content.

In vitro evaluation of the amount of flavonoids, flavanols, and total phenolic compounds in 10 medicinal plants used in Iran; focus on diabetes and kidney diseases

Introduction: Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as oxidants are important concerns in medicine due to their adversative effects and risk of carcinogenicity. Antioxidants can neutralize free radicals and ROS thus possesses protective effect on the body. Plants are rich sources of natural antioxidants and phenolic compounds are among the most important antioxidants in the plants; therefore, many studies have investigated their protective effects. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the number of flavonoids, flavonols, and total phenolic compounds in 10 commonly used medicinal plants in Iran. Materials and Methods: Extraction was performed using 70% ethanol solvent. The extracts were concentrated by rotary evaporator at 40°C. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to measure the amount of phenol. The amount of flavonol was measured using 2% aluminum chloride and 5% sodium acetate. In addition, to determine the flavonoid compounds, 2% aluminum chloride and 5% potassium acetate was used. Results: The outcomes of this study disclosed that the studied plants had reasonably high quantities of flavonoid and phenolic compounds. The uppermost amount of phenolic compounds was detected in the myrtle plant (62.7 mg/g), and the lowermost amounts were detected in fig leaves and lemon balm. Moreover, the highest amount of flavonoid compounds was detected in ginger, myrobalan, and myrtle; the measured amounts of flavonoid compounds in the mentioned plants were 42.49, 32.15, and 34.38 mg/g, respectively. The highest amount of phenolic compound was detected in hydroalcoholic extract of barberry. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of ginger, barberry, fig leaves, rhubarb, myrobalan, walnut diaphragm, pomegranate peel, lemon balm, cardamom, and myrtle had great quantities of phenolic, flavonol, and flavonoid compounds. As a result, these herbal plants can be considered and used as an important source of natural antioxidants.

Development of an Optimized Drying Process for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from the Autumn Fruits of Berberis vulgaris L. and Crataegus monogyna Jacq.

Hot air drying has proven to be an efficient method to preserve specific edible plant materials with medicinal properties. This is a process involving chemical, physical, and biological changes in plant matrices. Understanding these processes will lead to an improvement in the yields of bioactive compounds. This study aims to optimize the drying process of two species’ fruits used in folk medicine, Berberis vulgaris and Crataegus monogyna. The optimized extracts’ antioxidant capacity was assessed using various assays, with the barberry extract showing very good activity (50.85, 30.98, and 302.45 mg TE/g dw for DPPH, TEAC, and FRAP assays, respectively). Both species exerted good fungal α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.34 and 0.56 mg/mL, respectively) but no activity on mammalian α-glucosidase. Additionally, this study identified and quantified the main bioactive compounds. The results presented herein are a breakthrough in industrializing this drying process. Additional studies are necessary to mechanistically understand the drying process involved in these plant materials.

Evaluation of the Ability of Barberry Liquid Extract to Prevent the Formation of Microbial Biofilm by Enterococcus Faecalis: An In Vitro Study

Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the microbes of the normal flora of the oral cavity, which is one of the common factors in the failure of root canal treatment. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the ability of barberry extract to prevent the formation of microbial biofilm by E. faecalis. Materials and Methods: Initially, E. faecalis was cultured simultaneously with barberry bark and root extract, and biofilm formation was evaluated after 48 h. In the second stage of the active culture of the bacteria (48 h), all root and bark concentrations had similar growth inhibition with the control group. The same results were observed after two weeks. Fluorescence staining with SYPRO® Ruby (Invitrogen, USA, 2010) was used to confirm the formation of biofilm. Subsequently, all samples were examined by fluorescence microscope, and the results were reported using Relative Fluorescence Unit. Results: In the simultaneous cultivation of barberry and E. faecalis, root (30%), growth medium (50%), and bark (30%) had similar growth inhibition with the control group. After adding barberry bark and root extract (48 h), all concentrations of barberry bark and root showed similar growth inhibition with the control group. After two weeks of E. faecalis culture, the results were the same as those of the first group. However, wide and thick biofilms were formed in the samples without treatment and those treated with normal saline. Conclusion: Due to the positive effects of barberry bark and root extract, it can be used to sterilize dental canals and can be considered a suitable alternative to hypochlorite.

Modern approaches to the treatment of mastopathy and correction of hyperestrogenic conditions in women of fertile age

Among the diseases that can lead to miscarriage and premature termination of a planned pregnancy, hyperestrogenic conditions play an important role. The state of impaired synthesis of estradiol metabolites significantly affects the development of mastopathy, endometrial hyperplasia, impaired implantation of fertilized eggs, metabolic disorders in women and is a risk factor for cancer of the reproductive system.To date, the urgency of the problem of hormonal diseases of the female reproductive system, including the mammary glands, is beyond doubt. In this case, dyshormonal diseases of the breast are a reflection of hormonal disorders of the entire female body and serve as a basis for the development of breast cancer. The main method of treatment for dyshormonal processes is hormone replacement therapy, but currently there is an alternative to hormonal drugs, which include non-hormonal phytotherapeutic complexes based on the biologically active substances indole-3-carbinol, barberry extract and polyphenols that normalize estrogen antiproliferative activity, have an antioxidant effect, implement antitumor action.

The effectiveness of a dental gel with barberry extract in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with fixed appliances

Relevance. The high necessity in orthodontic treatment among young patients and the use of fixed orthodontic appliances for the treatment of dental pathology are the factors that initiate inflammatory periodontal processes. Timely diagnosis and optimal preventive and treatment procedures can prevent or stop the inflammatory periodontal complications which could have developed during the orthodontic treatment. One of the effective methods for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is the use of targeted antimicrobial agents based on medicinal plants that have specific antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. Purpose – to study the effectiveness of the dental gel with barberry extract for the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis in orthodontic patients during the active phase of the treatment with fixed appliances.Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients (35 women and 25 men) aged 18 to 35 years who had presented for the orthodontic care. The patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the patients were prescribed applications of a dental gel with barberry extract; in group II, this medication was not prescribed. The clinical condition of the periodontium was assessed with periodontal indices PMA, SBI and OHI-S. The immune status was evaluated by the level of secretory IgA, interleukins (IL-1β and IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The patients were followed up during 1 month of treatment. The results were statistically processed with Statsoft Statistica 8.0 and Graph Pad Prism 5.0.Results. In group II, the production of immunoglobulin IgA, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was impaired after a month of treatment, associated with a significant deterioration in the oral hygiene status and an increase in PMA (by 3 times), SBI (by 5.3 times) indices. In group II, the oral fluid concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4 and TNF-α significantly differed from those in group I as of the 7th day of the observation period and indicated suppression of the mucosal immunity. Clinical and immune parameters of the group I patients improved and were comparable with the control by the end of the observation month.Conclusions. Patients with dental abnormalities are at risk of developing inflammatory periodontal diseases. The results of the immunological tests, performed during the treatment with the use of a dental gel with barberry extract, demonstrated the recovery of the local immunity, as evidenced by the elevation of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva and improvement of cytokine profile parameters.

Utilization of the barberry extract in the confectionery products

In this study, the use of barberry fruit (Berberis crataegina DC.) extract was investigated as a natural red colorant in chewing gum, jelly, and marshmallow samples at different percentages (1%, 5%, and 10%). The color stability (ΔE) values were determined for all sample groups and it was observed that the barberry extract had higher color stability than beet juice concentrate, which was used in the control chewing gum samples as a natural red colorant. The water activity values were within the specified limits for all sample groups except the jelly samples and 10% colorant added chewing gum. The antioxidant and anti-radical properties of all the samples were significantly improved by the addition of the barberry extract. According to the results of the texture profile, the hardness values of all chewing gum and marshmallow samples decreased with the addition of barberry extract, and this decrease became even more important as the concentration increased.

Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Berberis integerrima on the clinical signs, hs-CRP, TNFα, and ESR in active rheumatoid arthritis patients

AimTo evaluate the effects of Barberry (Berberis integerrima) on clinical signs and inflammatory factors in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MethodA total of 70 patients with active RA in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (IRCT 201409249472N7) were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. All the patients consumed 1500 mg of barberry extract and 1500 mg Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) each day respectively for three months. Clinical signs and serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured before and after the intervention. ResultsThe results showed that consumption of the extract of Berberis integerrima resulted in a significant decrease in Visual Analog Scale (VAS), morning stiffness, number of tender joints, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), Global Physician Assessment (GPA), serum levels of ESR, TNFα (p < 0.001), and hs-CRP (p < 0.01) in intervention group compared to the control group. Changes in the number of inflamed joints, the necessity for the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (p = 0.02), and glucocorticoids (p < 0.001) were significant only in the intervention group. ConclusionBarberry can improve clinical signs and inflammatory factors in RA patients and may be useful in their treatment approaches.

The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Barberry and Selected Training on some Blood Factors in Men with Type2 Diabetes (A Quasi-Experimental Study)

The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Barberry and Selected Training on some Blood Factors in Men with Type2 Diabetes (A Quasi-Experimental Study)