United Bank Research Articles

Retention strategy device for recovering lost customers of united bank of Africa in Ado-Ekiti

The study examined retention strategy: a tool of recovering lost customers of UBA in Ado Ekiti. The specific objectives are to: determine the effect of birthday message on recovering lost customers; examine the effect of interest rate on recovering lost customers; determine the effect of innovative product on recovering lost customers. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised UBA customers in Ado Ekiti. The sample size was 399 which were selected through Yamane sampling Model. Primary data used for the study were gathered through structured questionnaire. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from the target respondents. Data gathered were analyzed using regression model. The result showed that product birthday message positively affect recovering lost customers as it was significant on recovering lost customers (t=7.685, t=1.103, p<0.05); it further showed that interest rate affects recovering lost customers as it was significant on recovering lost customers (t= 5.871, t= 1.769,p<0.05); furthermore, it showed that innovative product affect recovering lost customers positively as it was significant on recovering lost customers (t=2.659,t= 6.804, p<0.05). Thus, it concluded that retention strategy positively affects recovering lost customers.

Merger and Acquisition of Indian Banks and Their Impact on its Financial Performance & Shareholder Wealth

This study investigates the financial performance and shareholder value outcomes of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the Indian banking sector. Through the analysis of three major bank mergers—State Bank of India and its associates, Bank of Baroda with Vijaya and Dena Banks, and Punjab National Bank with Oriental Bank of Commerce and United Bank—the research evaluates operational performance, profitability, and shareholder returns pre- and post-merger. Using financial ratios and t-tests, the study identifies significant changes in financial metrics and shareholder wealth. The findings suggest that while M&A can enhance operational efficiency and shareholder value, the results vary based on individual merger circumstances and integration strategies.

Analisis SWOT Pentingnya Fasilitas Dan Layanan Lembaga Keuangan Bank Konvensional Di Kecamatan Singojuruh

One sector that can realize regional economic development includes the presence of financial institutions which are often considered the heart and driving force of a country's economy. This can be seen in the lack of banking financial institutions in the Singojuruh District area until now, so that it has an impact on regional income such as handling tax payments, salaries, pensions or other financial transactions related to bank financial institutions carried out in other areas close to Singojuruh District, Banyuwangi Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The type of method used in this research is field methods (field research). In this study, the data that has been collected is analyzed using the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and (EFE) Matrix. For identification in this research, the SWOT matrix is ​​used internally and externally. The conclusion is to expand a representative banking network, take advantage of regional, land and educational advantages with the availability of mobile banking services, optimize the performance of human resources to speed up the process of banking product services and information and expand the reach of banking services or units.

Multi-faceted sustainability improvement in low voltage power distribution network employing DG and capacitor bank

Efficient distribution of active and reactive power in distribution networks is crucial for ensuring that consumer demand is met and that electrical power quality is maintained. This requires careful planning, particularly in terms of optimally placing and sizing distributed generator (DG) and capacitor bank (CB) units. These units play a key role in minimizing power losses and voltage fluctuations within the network. However, implementing DG and CB units in unbalanced distribution networks presents unique challenges due to inherent system unbalances. To address these challenges, this article proposes a method for allocating and sizing DG and CB units in unbalanced distribution networks. The approach accounts for the network's unbalance and targets multiple objectives, such as reducing power losses, improving multi-phase voltage stability, and minimizing phase-to-phase voltage unbalance. The fast and flexible radial power flow (FFRPF) technique is employed to model complex interactions and constraints within the network, leading to a multi-objective optimization problem. This optimization problem is solved using the weight aggregated particle swarm optimization (WA-PSO) method, a variant of particle swarm optimization tailored for multi-objective functions. WA-PSO simplifies the process by combining multiple objectives into a single function using weighted aggregation. The efficacy of this approach is validated on 19, 34, and 123-node unbalanced radial distribution networks (URDNs). The results show significant improvements in power delivery efficiency across all tested networks, especially when DG and CB units are operated simultaneously. Specifically, DG and CB integration led to a reduction in system losses by 89.90 %, 88.42 %, and 86.87 %, and a decrease in three-phase voltage unbalance indices by 88.75 %, 81.68 %, and 39.05 %, for the 19, 34, and 123-node systems, respectively, while maintaining voltage stability within acceptable limits. Additionally, CO2 emissions were reduced by 52 %, 62 %, and 53 % when microturbines were utilized instead of coal-based thermal power plants, further highlighting the environmental benefits of the proposed approach.

Human Capital Management and Organizational Performance in United Bank for Africa Plc. Uyo, Akwa Ibom State

The study was designed to examine the relationship between human capital management and organizational performance ty.ectiveness in organization'toor management of personnel.ibilities , assignment of the right jobs to wrong and unqin United Bank for Africa Plc, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. To achieve this objective, survey research design was adopted for this study. The population of the study consisted of management staff, senior staff and junior staff of the United Bank for Africa Plc. Uyo, Akwa Ibom State which is made up of 82 staff with sample size of 68 staff. The study utilized Taro Yamane Scientific technique. The instrument used for data collection was Human Capital Management and Organizational Performance Questionnaire (HCMOPQ). Tables, Mean, Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were adopted as analytical tools for this study. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study showed that there was a positive significant relationship between human capital management and organizational performance in United Bank for Africa Plc, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. The result of the findings also revealed that organizational performance is dependent on the extent of its staff training and timely appraisal of employees. This implies that increased investment in staff training and timely appraisal of employees by the bank would yield greater returns in organizational performance.

Predictive Analysis of Financial Statements and Its Role in Achieving Sustainability and Rationalizing Administrative Decisions: An Applied Study

The aim of the study is to delve into the disclosure of future financial statements and its reflection on the sustainability of the banking sector by extrapolating and reporting the pillars of banking sustainability. It adopting a mechanism at a high level in the country to promote data technology and increase support for its resources in order to provide an appropriate structure for the development of the banking and financial sector by providing appropriate information at the right time and expanding the preparation of future studies and research and linking them to many variables that are considered influences faced by the Iraqi financial market in the contemporary business environment for providing a suitable environment in the capital market by supporting the banking and financial sector by means of modern technology and obliging companies within the sectors. The study's goal was accomplished by using the content analysis method for the annual reports of banking units listed in the Iraqi financial market for the years 2020–2023. This was done after developing an indicator to gauge future financial statements' level of disclosure in compliance with the Iraqi Financial Market Law and the disclosure guidelines issued in accordance with it, as well as the fact that the index is being used in the country for the first time. The study draws several conclusions, the most important of which being that , One of the most notable recommendations reached by the study is to require the banking units listed in the Iraqi financial market to display future financial statements in order to ensure the achievement of sustainability supporting the banking sector within the annual reports. The level of disclosure of future financial statements varied in the financial reports of the banking units listed in the Iraqi financial market, where the average disclosure was high with a positive moral relationship to the market financial value.

Differences in Efficiency and Effectiveness of Micro Waqf Banks In Indonesia Before and During The Covid-19 Pandemic

he decline in economic activity induced by covid-19 affects the financial and social efficiency of microfinance institutions (MFIs). This study aims to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of Micro Waqf Banks before and during the covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this research is Micro Waqf Banks located throughout Indonesia that have complete data to be obtained using Data Envelopent Analysis (DEA). The findings of this study are that in 2018 the efficient Micro Waqf Banks were 25 units or around 78% which were effective there were 22 units or around 93% the average efficiency value was 95%, while the average effectiveness value was 81%. In 2019, there were 29 efficient Micro Waqf Bank units or around 58%, of which there were 19 effective units or around 37% with an average efficiency value of 87%, while the average effectiveness value was 78%. In 2020, efficient Micro Waqf Banks increased to 41 units or around 82%, effective ones increased from 2019 to 22 units, with an average efficiency value of 93% with an average effectiveness value of 77%.

Formulate a Waste Bank Management Model in Pekanbaru City by Recycling The Material for Environmental Hygiene

Background and objectives: With various policies and systems at each waste bank, the effectiveness of waste banks in attracting people to manage their waste has not been running well, so they have not been able to provide solutions to the waste problem in Pekanbaru City and have not been integrated. This research aims to formulate a waste bank management model in Pekanbaru City. Method: This research uses quantitative and qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. This research was conducted using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Interviews were conducted using Google form with the Director of the Main Waste Bank (BSI), Chair of the Waste Bank Unit (BSU), Business Actors, NGOs, Academics, Head of the Sumatra Ecoregion Development Control Center (P3ES), Environmental and Hygiene Service Officials, Subdistrict Heads and Village Heads. Results: The characteristics of the waste bank in Pekanbaru City regarding planning are inadequate. In terms of organization, it is well structured, but most of the members have multiple jobs. In terms of direction, it has been implemented, but not evenly. In terms of control, it is still manual and has not utilized technology. The dominant factor in waste bank management in Pekanbaru City is economic factors, with a p-value <0.001. Conclusion: The waste bank management model in Pekanbaru City is to control the higher prices given to BSU and customers, so BSI must carry out integrated processing of segregated waste that has been collected at BSI by recycling the material.

Analisis Penerimaan Dana Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) Pada UMKM pada PT. Bank BRI Unit Tapa Kota Gorontalo

This research aims to find out whether there is an impact on providing people's business credit (KUR) to MSMEs at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Tapa Unit Gorontalo Branch Office. This research uses qualitative methods with the data sources used, namely primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The object of this research is an analysis of the provision of people's business credit (KUR) funds to PT. BRI bank unit tapa Gorontalo city. The results of the research show that there is an assessment of the character of prospective customers at Bank BRI Tapa unit which is intended to determine the candidate's honesty and good faith in paying off or returning the loan, so that it will not cause difficulties for the bank in the future. The relationship between credit giver and credit recipient is a mutually beneficial cooperative relationship with the credit giver's trust in the credit recipient based on the credit recipient's credit rating. The procedures for granting and assessing credit by the banking world between the BRI Tapa unit and other banks are not much different. The difference may only lie in the procedures and requirements established with individual considerations. Settlement of bad debts in KUR credit at Bank BRI Unit cannot be resolved non-litigationally because Kur itself is a program from the government to make it easier for people who want to do business.

International Expansion of Nigeria Banks: Constructing the Winning Business Model in Sierra Leone-A Case Study of Guaranty Trust Bank

The research study is aimed at examining the degree to which Business Model adopted impact corporate performance particularly in a low-income economy, identify the Business Model variables and suggest the best Business Model to operate in Sierra Leone. Exploratory research was conducted on Guaranty Trust Bank (SL) Ltd with findings compared and contrasted with that of notable competition, United Bank for Africa and Zenith Bank. The aim of the research was to facilitate understanding of the factors responsible for the successes recorded by the subsidiaries of Nigerian banks in one location and how these success factors could be replicated in other subsidiary locations. The research entailed gathering of qualitative data from the senior executives of these banks and quantitative data from the financial performances of the banks over a three-year period. The analyses of the qualitative and quantitative data were used to test the viability of the Business Models adopted by the sampled multinational banks based on identified features inherent in a viable Business Model. The study found that the competitive advantage of case study bank was due to the effectiveness of its Business Model in terms of alignment with the goals of the organization, reinforcement, virtuousness, and robustness. The study also revealed that the characteristics of an organization and inherent resources could be evaluated and assessed from the Business Model features and structured to deliver optimal results. The study demonstrated that a well-crafted Business Model is capable of providing a competitive advantage even in low-income economy and aid the replication of success in one location to another. The research findings provide practical implications to guide businesses in the designing of the most appropriate Business Model for optimal performance. The research study can help business leaders to develop a template for driving performances in their organizations, communicate performance actions and monitor performance objectives.

Banking efficiency, ownership types, and operations: A quasi-natural experiment of conventional and Islamic banks

This study examines the banking efficiency of different ownership types and operations in an emerging market in South Asia. It further explores the moderating effect of Islamic banking operations on such relationships. The effects of banking regulatory developments on banking efficiency are also examined through a quasi-natural experiment approach. Using 533 banking unit observations of banks for FY 2002/2003 to 2017/2018 period, and applying the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method for banking efficiency and Tobit regression, the findings document that the banking efficiency of the state-owned conventional banks outperforms privately-owned domestic banks, as well as conventional domestically owned banks (state-owned and privately-owned banks) outperforms the foreign-owned banks. Again, the banking efficiency outperformance of the conventional banking operation over the Islamic banking operation is found. However, the outperformance of conventional state-owned banks diminishes with the moderation of Islamic banking operations. Additionally, the quasi-natural experiment with difference-in-difference (DID) regression result reveals that the banking efficiency of Islamic banks and conventional state-owned banks has improved during the post-regulatory period and reduced the efficiency gap between them (in favor of conventional banks). However, the banking efficiency of conventional state-owned banks offering Islamic banking services has diminished in the post-regulatory period. These findings remain robust during the global financial crisis (GFC) and non-GFC periods. Overall, the results add a new dimension to the banking efficiency and regulatory development research for the policymakers and regulators in the financial services sector.

Effect of Net Interest Margin on Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

The study investigated the effect of net interest margin on financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The researcher developed four specific objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses that guided the study. The research design employed was ex post facto. This design is selected and implemented due to the researcher's lack of control over the various elements of the design. The data for this study is preexisting, therefore it is utilized for a secondary data analysis. The study's population comprised twenty-two (22) designated deposit money banks in Nigeria. This study employed the judgmental sampling technique. The sample size is made up of two (2) DMBs which includes United Bank for Africa Plc, Fidelity. The data for this study were obtained from the published financial statements of the chosen publicly traded deposit money banks in Nigeria. This study employed an estimated technique that involved the use of descriptive statistics and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis. The E-view-9 software was utilized to carry out the analysis. The study established that net interest margin is statistically significant and has a positive effect on operating income (OI). The researchers suggested that Banks should monitor and manage the duration gap between assets and liabilities, considering potential interest rate changes and the bank's risk appetite. Banks should explore opportunities to diversify income sources by offering a broader range of financial products and services, such as wealth management, insurance, and asset management.

Artificial Intelligence and Operational Efficiency of Deposit Money Banks in Lagos State, Nigeria

This paper examines the effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the operational efficiency of deposit money banks in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study identified the types of AI technologies that are used by banks and examined the impact of the different types of technologies on the operational efficiency of five deposit money banks, namely: First Bank of Nigeria, United Bank of Africa, Guaranty Trust Bank, Access Bank, and Zenith Bank, all public liability companies with headquarters located in the Lagos metropolis. The study adopted a survey research design. Copies of the questionnaire were administered to 450 regular employees selected randomly from the five banks. The study revealed that deep learning (β = 0.400, t = 5.445, p<0.05); Automation (β = 0.202, t = 2.143, p<0.05) and fraud detection (β = 0.460, t = 7.095, p<0.05) had positive and significant effects on the operational efficiency of the selected deposit money banks, while chatbots had a positive but insignificant effect. The study concluded that artificial intelligence significantly contributed to the operational efficiency of the selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The authors recommend that deposit money banks should effectively make use of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, automation, and fraud detection, to improve organizational efficiency

Factors Affecting Profitability in Sharia Business Unit Banks in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 Period

Factors Affecting Profitability in Sharia Business Unit Banks in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 Period

Case report of anti JMH: A high-titer, low-avidity antibody posing difficulty in immunohematological tests

This report presents a patient with anti-John Milton Hagen (JMH) posing difficulties in the immunohematological test in the Blood Bank Unit of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center. A 1-year-8-month-old boy was referred to our center to rule out acute leukemia from a private hospital. A crossmatch request was sent to the Blood Bank before the bone marrow biopsy. Our testing revealed his blood grouping as O Rh-D positive. His Direct Antiglobulin Test was positive, and his antibody screening and antibody identification showed weak pan-reactivity. However, reactions were negative with enzyme-treated cells. Red cell elution showed interestingly no reaction in the eluate, suspected to be due to drug-induced autoantibody. Further tests of antibody titration and neutralization test suggest it could be a high-titer low avidity (HTLA) antibody, most likely Anti-JMH. Although HTLA antibodies are clinically insignificant, they can cause confusion and delay in issuance of blood products. There are also cases of clinically significant HTLA antibodies. Determining the type of HTLA antibody may guide the extent of further testing required to utilize resources best and, most importantly, to assure patient safety.

THE EFFECT OF TRUST IN BANKING INSTITUTIONS ON BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS FOR E-SERVICES

The adoption rate of electronic banking services (e-services) by consumers has increased significantly in recent years. For example, in the European Union, according to EUROSTAT data, the rate of individuals using the internet for internet banking increased by more than 25% between 2012 and 2023 (Eurostat, 2024). This may be due to several factors: the evolution of technology, the COVID-19 pandemic period, the time needed to complete a transaction, the availability of services, etc. The main objective of this paper was to assess whether trust in banking institutions can influence consumers' behavioural intentions when discussing the use of e-services. The following dimensions were considered to measure trust in the banking unit: Ability, Integrity, Benevolence (Bhattacherjee, 2002). A scale with the following dimensions was also used to measure behavioural intentions: loyalty, switch, pay more, external response (Zeithaml et al., 1996). The relationships were tested both between the "trust" and "behavioural intentions" dimensions taken as a whole and between the "trust" dimension taken separately and the "behavioural intentions" dimension taken as a whole. To achieve the objective of this study, the author collected data from 500 respondents in Romania via an online questionnaire. The surveys were conducted between April and August 2022. Partial least squares (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. The PLS-SEM results confirmed the significance of three out of four direct relationships. For one of the hypotheses, the dimension "integrity" was removed from the proposed conceptual model due to preliminary tests. These findings can help credit institutions to take various measures to increase public trust in such institutions and encourage the use of e-banking services. The areas targeted by these measures include: financial education programmes; corporate social responsibility (CSR) campaigns; transaction security; quality of banking staff; and transparency of credit institutions. For future research, it would be valuable to know what results can be obtained in other geographical areas. It is recommended to adapt and create new scales that can measure trust in companies and consumer behavioural intentions. These tools can help companies develop in their industries.

Sustainability on the horizon? An investigation into sustainable banking practices in an emerging economy

PurposeThis study aims to investigate sustainability practices in the banking industry, focusing on a developing economy. It uses the triple-bottom-line framework to answer the following research question: how do banks in Nigeria conceptualise sustainability, and what role does it play in their banking practices?Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a social constructivist approach in its exploration of banking sustainability practices in an emerging economy, and the research design is a purpose-based (exploratory) approach. The qualitative data was collected from 33 bank personnel from various bank units and departments through semi-structured interviews to achieve the research objective.FindingsThe study reveals a lack of sustainability policies and programmes, as banks focus mainly on profitability. It uncovers unfair treatments of bank workers through casualisation, low wages and work overload. It indicates that most banks in developing countries ignore environmental considerations, as they still carry out paper-based transactions and use diesel-powered generators, which cause various negative environmental impacts. It also confirms that governments and banks in the country are not doing enough to propagate sustainable practices and banks have also not taken advantage of the sustainability concept to promote their brands; instead, they consider it as requiring additional operational costs.Practical implicationsThe findings demonstrate the need for banks to see sustainability from a marketing point of view and adopt sustainable practices to create additional value that will improve their brand image and enhance their competitiveness.Originality/valueThe importance of sustainability in the banking industry in emerging economies is considered a viable means of contributing to the overall development goals of the United Nations as the world tries to preserve the environment. It also highlights the consequences of inaction or unsustainable banking practices.

Assessment of preoperative anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in patients waiting for corneal transplantation

Introduction and aim. In patients waiting for organ transplantation, increased waiting time can increase anxiety by creating negative automatic thoughts. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corneal transplant recipients’ negative automatic thoughts and anxiety before organ transplantation. Material and methods. The population of this correlational descriptive study consisted of 108 patients waiting for cornea transplantation in the Eye Bank unit of a hospital in the south east region of Türkiye. The data were obtained from the patients presented to the ophthalmology clinic for transplantation between September and December 2022. A patient information form, the Negative Automatic Thoughts Scale, and the Trait Anxiety Scale were used to collect the data. Percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, logistic regression and correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. Results. It was determined that the mean score of the negative automatic thoughts of the transplant patients participating in the study was 100.69±47.83, and the trait anxiety mean score was 53.06±6.07. There was a positive relationship between neg ative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety at a moderate level, which was statistically significant (p<0.05, r=0.53). Conclusion. It was determined in the study that the patients’ negative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety were high, and their anxiety increased as the negative automatic thoughts increased.

Pengaruh Pembiayaan Terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA) Pada Bank Umum Syariah Di Indonesia (2017-2022)

This study aims to show the effects of mudharaba financing, musharaka financing, and ijara financing as well as partially and stimulants the profitability of Return On Asset (ROA) at Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia. This study is quantitative research using secondary data in the form of panel data. The population used in the study is 13 Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Sample collection used a purposive sampling so that 5 bank units according to the criteria with a total of 120 sample data are obtained. As for data analysis techniques using model selection methods, classical assumption tests, panel data regression, and hypothesis tests. The results of the research show that partial mudharaba financing has no effect and is not significant on ROA on BUS. Musyaraka financing has a positive and significant effect on ROA in BUS. Ijarh financing has a negative and significant effect on ROA on BUS. Meanwhile, the stimulant financing of mudharaba, musyaraka, and ijara has a significant effect on ROA on BUS.

The Role of Customer Satisfaction and Awareness as A Measure of Customer Loyalty- A Study on Select Banks

Purpose: The study wants to examine customer loyalty through customer satisfaction and awareness using developed constructs for select Nifty Banks. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework for the study is to analyze customer loyalty through customer satisfaction and awareness using constructs of General Services (GS), Product Cognizance (PC), Technology Services (TS), and Social Responsibility (SR). Design/methodology/approach: The cluster sampling method was used to collect data from bank customers (n=360) using the self-administered questionnaire. The research used Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesis using SmartPLS 4. Findings: The result showed, that there is low customer satisfaction with Technology Services (TS) and that hypothesis was rejected. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study has provided recommendations for banks were discussed to pay more attention to customer fulfilment and awareness which convert satisfaction to customer delight. Originality/value: Due to market sustainability and dynamics, the Indian banking industry has undergone many major changes such as digital banking units (DBU), digital currencies, and social green initiatives. Bank has incorporated many advancements to overcome its rivals. So, the study wants to know the customers are aware of these changes among their banks and whether they are satisfied with products and services. Contribution/Originality: The study wants to rank the select banks of India based on the constructs built, which measure customer loyalty through customer satisfaction and awareness.