Trust In Banks Research Articles

Electronic banking on customer gratification of guaranty trust bank in ado-Ekiti

The study examined the effect of electronic banking on customer gratification of GT Bank in Ado-Ekiti. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of mobile banking on customer gratification; evaluated the effect of automated teller machine on customer gratification and examined point of sales on customer gratification. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises GT Bank customers in Ado-Ekiti Metropolis. The sample size was 399. Yamane sampling model was employed in this study. Primary data used for the study were gathered through the administration of well-structured questionnaire. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from target respondents. Data gathered were analyzed using regression model. The result showed that mobile banking positively affects customer gratification as it was significant on customer gratification (t=4.096, t=3.224 and t=1.369 at P<0.05), Furthermore, showed that automated teller machine positively affects customer gratification as it was significant on customer gratification (t=6.199, t=-0.467 and t=3.502 at P<0.05) and finally, point of sales positively affect customer gratification as it was significant on customer gratification (t=1.972, t=-5.101 and t=.036 at P<0.05). Thus, concluded that electronic banking positively affects customer gratification particularly in Guarantee Trust Banks in Ado-Ekiti. From the findings, the recommendation was proffered.

Trust in context: The impact of regulation on blockchain and DeFi

AbstractTrust is a key resource in financial transactions. Traditional financial institutions, and novel blockchain‐based decentralized financial (DeFi) services rely on fundamentally different sources of trust and confidence. The former relies on heavy regulation, trusted intermediaries, clear rules (and restrictions) on market competition, and long‐standing informal expectations on what banks and other financial intermediaries are supposed to do or not to do. The latter rely on blockchain technology to provide confidence in the outcome of rules encoded in protocols and smart contracts. Their main promise is to create confidence in the way the blockchain architecture enforces rules, rather than to trust banks, regulators, and markets. In this article, we compare the trust architectures surrounding these two financial systems. We provide a deeper analysis of how proposed regulation in the blockchain space affects the code‐ and confidence‐based architectures which so far have underwrote DeFi. We argue that despite the solid safeguards and guarantees which code can offer, the confidence in DeFi is still very much dependent on more traditional trust‐enhancing mechanisms, such as code governance, and antifraud regulation to address some of the issues which currently plague this domain, and which have no immediate, purely software‐based solutions. What is more, given the risks of bugs or scams in the DeFi space, regulation and trusted intermediaries may need to play a more active role, in order for DeFi to gain the trust of the next generation of users.

Hukum Islam pada Imple¬mentasi Manajemen Risiko Penyelesaian Pembiayaan Bermasalah Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI)

Islamic banking continues to develop, particularly in product diversification, offering a wider variety of options that have positively impacted the public's willingness to conduct muamalah activities through Islamic banks. Various financing products provide customers with the convenience of selecting options that suit their needs. The object of this research, as explained by Husein Umar in Setiawan Santana, focuses on problematic financing, a condition where significant deviations occur in repayments, leading to delays or potential losses. Problematic financing represents a situation where loan repayment agreements face the risk of failure and tend to lead to potential losses. This study offers new insights by examining the role of Islamic law in managing problematic financing risk at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI). The novelty of the research lies in the further exploration of using Islamic contracts (akad) as the main foundation in regulating and resolving problematic financing. Through this approach, the research provides a fresh perspective on how Islamic banks can more effectively manage financing risks while adhering to Sharia principles. The impact of this research on Islamic banking is quite significant. The application of risk management based on Islamic law is expected to enhance public trust in Islamic banking and strengthen its stability in Indonesia. The use of akad as the legal basis in resolving problematic financing ensures transparency and fairness in line with Sharia principles. This provides protection for both customers and the bank, creating a stronger foundation for the sustainability of Islamic banking in the future.

“Impacts of neo-banks on North African migrants’ remittances and financial inclusion”

This study examined remittance trends and financial institution preferences among North African migrants in Europe and assessed neobanks' potential to foster financial inclusion and cost reductions. The main objetive was to explore how neobanks can alleviate economic pressures on North African migrants and help achieve the World Bank Group's goal of reducing remittance costs to 5 % and the UN-SDG target of 3 %. Exploratory in nature, both surveys and interviews were used for data collection. The sample consisted of 64 North African migrants from Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria (North Africa) residing in France, Spain, and Italy (EU). Key findings revealed that North African migrants had diverse remittance behaviors, with varying frequencies and amounts sent home. Trust in traditional banks remained high due to familiarity, cultural norms, and accessibility issues in rural areas. However, neobanks offered significant cost savings, with potential annual savings ranging from €30 to €134 depending on the monthly remitted amount that ranges between a €100 and a €1000 . Adoption of neobanks was higher among younger, and digitally literate migrants with better access to technology. Barriers to wider adoption of neobanks included limited digital and financial literacy, lack of necessary technology in home countries, and cultural resistance to change. High regulatory and compliance costs for traditional banks also contributed to inflated remittance fees. To address these issues, the paper recommends enhancing market competition, improving access to new payment technologies, encouraging larger remittances through incentives, learning from successful public bank models like France's La Banque Postale, and fostering financial literacy and digital inclusion. Additionally, it suggests building trust and cultural sensitivity, investing in robust cybersecurity measures, and developing offline transaction capabilities to increase accessibility for migrants in remote areas.

Business ethics and corporate governance – Nigeria’s Guaranty Trust Bank, ca. 1990–2004

Abstract Guaranty Trust Bank (GTB) PLC, a wholly Nigerian business enterprise, founded in 1990, blazed the trail in the banking sector of Nigeria in many respects. By 1995, it had become the fourth most profitable bank in Nigeria and the first indigenous bank to attain a profit-before-tax of one bn naira, and by 2002 had expanded into several West African countries. The significance of the bank is attested by several scholarly studies of its founding, growth, performance and impact. This paper examines a neglected aspect of the history of the bank: its successes and failure in complying with standards of corporate governance and business ethics in a notoriously opaque industry. Specifically, it focuses on the GTB’s relations with statutory regulatory bodies – the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the National Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) – as well as its shareholders, who kept the bank on its toes on matters of its business operations. Relying on previously unexploited sources, including minutes of the bank’s board of directors, annual reports and oral evidence provided by members of the board, management and staff, and former top employees of the bank, as well as snippets from the reports of the regulatory bodies (which are not to be cited), this paper highlights issues raised by stakeholders about how the bank managed its affairs, and how it dealt with the queries and questions raised by the external regulators and internal stakeholders in the first 15 years of its existence.

Analisis Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuagan (OJK) Sumatera Barat dalam Mengawasi Kepatuhan Bank Syariah

In order to ensure sharia bank operations comply with sharia law and related banking regulations, this research was inspired by the role of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in West Sumatra in supervising sharia banks' compliance with sharia regulations and the principles of effective supervision. The purpose of this research is to determine the extent of the role of the West Sumatra OJK in carrying out supervision in ensuring that Islamic banks comply with regulations relevant to their operations. This research uses written research with a qualitative approach. Written research is research conducted indirectly or interviews conducted virtually. Research conducted by utilizing technology and online resources conducted directly or face-to-face such as interviews, data collection, or access to information sources conducted online or via online platforms. In this research, the researcher gave questions to the staff of the OJK Bank Supervision office which were sent via OJK email which would later be answered indirectly (online). The object of this research was carried out at the West Sumatra OJK Office which is located at Jl. Khatib Sulaiman No. 68 Ulak Karang Selatan, North Padang District, Padang City, West Sumatra 25137. The following are the results of inspections carried out at the West Sumatra Financial Services Authority (OJK): 1) The West Sumatra Province Financial Services Authority (OJK) has the ability to assess and guarantee Sharia Banks in carrying out their operations. Its operations are in accordance with sharia principles. This is achieved through off-site monitoring and analysis of reports. Either through field supervision or direct OJK audit findings, or through submission of audit results by the bank. The aim is to protect the stability of the financial system, prevent risks that are detrimental to the economy, and ensure the security of customers’ trust in banking. Through OJK supervision, it will have an impact on the effectiveness of implementing sharia principles in operations, which will ultimately have an impact on improving the performance of sharia banks. 2) In order to ensure Sharia Banks comply with regulations, the West Sumatra Financial Services Authority (OJK) follows the values contained in supervision, including ideas for improving supervision now and in the future. Integrity, accountability, fair treatment, availability of information and reporting, effectiveness, adaptation, and cooperation between institutions and society are qualities that are included in the context of supervisory value.

Developing and testing a theoretical model of food donation behavior

The global challenges of food insecurity, coupled with the large scale of food waste generated by the restaurant industry, necessitate collaborative efforts from both individuals and businesses. Drawing upon the behavioral reasoning theory, this study develops a model investigating the influence of both “reasons for” (“altruism”, “social norms”, “egoism”, and “tax incentives”) and “reasons against” (“financial burdens”, “inconvenience”, “insufficient information”, and “liability concerns”) on the food donation behavior of restaurant managers. The model is tested on a sample of 300 restaurant managers in South Korea using structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that “altruism” and “social norms” exhibit a positive influence on both attitudes and intentions toward food donation, while “inconvenience” has a negative impact on both. Moreover, “tax incentives” and “insufficient information” emerge as significant predictors of intentions to donate food. In addition, “trust in food banks” significantly mitigates the negative impact of “reasons against” on food donation intentions, although its effect on attitudes is not significant. These findings provide novel implications to advance the existing knowledge and develop more effective strategies for promoting restaurant food donation practices.

How Credible Is the Central Bank of Russia to Russian Households?

The article examines the degree of public trust in the Central Bank of Russia after the transition to inflation targeting. For this purpose, the author analyzes available data from inFOM consumer surveys of confidence in the Bank of Russia as a whole as well as in its inflation targets from 2014 to 2024. Public confidence in the Bank of Russia remained relatively high from 2014 to 2017 as inflation targeting was adopted, but the Bank became far less credible to households from 2019 to 2022 because they did not believe the inflation target of 4% was achievable by the end of the current year or over the medium term. This is probably due to their lack of awareness that the Bank’s principal goal is price stability even though they are actually experiencing high inflation. The households surveyed think that government authorities are largely responsible for controlling inflation. Furthermore, consumers do not take notice of the information provided by the Central Bank of Russia. Using news articles from Russian media, posts from news communities on the VKontakte social network, and Google Trends search queries, the author shows that consumers who ignore information about the Bank’s policy are at a serious disadvantage when there is economic uncertainty. The discrepancy between the inflation expectations of consumers and professional forecasters diminishes as the volume of information tied to the phrase “Bank of Russia” increases in media, social network posts, and online searches.

Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Trust in Nepalese Commercial Banks

This study examines the impact of corporate social responsibility (CRS) on consumer trust in Nepalese commercial banks. Customer trust is the dependent variable. The selected independent variables are service quality, organization identification, employee commitment, organization attractiveness, and organization morality. The primary source of data is used to assess the opinions of the respondents regarding the perception of service quality, organization identification, employee commitment, organization attractiveness, and organization morality. The study is based on primary data of 20 commercial banks with 125 respondents. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is designed. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of impact of corporate social responsibility on consumer trust in Nepalese commercial banks. The result showed that service quality has a positive impact on consumer trust. It implies that better the service quality, better would be the customer trust. Similarly, organization identification has a positive impact on customer trust. It indicates that specific organization identification leads to increase customer trust. Likewise, employee commitment has a positive impact on customer trust. It indicates that the influence of committed employee drives positive impact on customer trust. Further, organization attractiveness has a positive impact on customer trust. It indicates that organization attractiveness stimulates the positive customer trust. Moreover, the result also shows that organization morality has a positive impact on customer trust. It indicates that higher the organization morality, higher would be the customer trust.

Does distrust in banks reduce bank risk-taking?

This paper investigates whether distrust in banks affects bank risk-taking. We test the hypothesis that increased distrust in banks prompts more vigilant monitoring by individuals, thus discouraging banks from engaging in risky behavior. Our analysis utilizes bank-level data from 85 countries spanning the years 2012-2022. We construct an indicator to measure distrust in banks using Google Trends for each country and year. We find no significant effect of distrust in banks on bank risk-taking. These results still hold after performing robustness checks. This conclusion does not challenge the commonly held view that authorities should promote trust in banks.

International Expansion of Nigeria Banks: Constructing the Winning Business Model in Sierra Leone-A Case Study of Guaranty Trust Bank

The research study is aimed at examining the degree to which Business Model adopted impact corporate performance particularly in a low-income economy, identify the Business Model variables and suggest the best Business Model to operate in Sierra Leone. Exploratory research was conducted on Guaranty Trust Bank (SL) Ltd with findings compared and contrasted with that of notable competition, United Bank for Africa and Zenith Bank. The aim of the research was to facilitate understanding of the factors responsible for the successes recorded by the subsidiaries of Nigerian banks in one location and how these success factors could be replicated in other subsidiary locations. The research entailed gathering of qualitative data from the senior executives of these banks and quantitative data from the financial performances of the banks over a three-year period. The analyses of the qualitative and quantitative data were used to test the viability of the Business Models adopted by the sampled multinational banks based on identified features inherent in a viable Business Model. The study found that the competitive advantage of case study bank was due to the effectiveness of its Business Model in terms of alignment with the goals of the organization, reinforcement, virtuousness, and robustness. The study also revealed that the characteristics of an organization and inherent resources could be evaluated and assessed from the Business Model features and structured to deliver optimal results. The study demonstrated that a well-crafted Business Model is capable of providing a competitive advantage even in low-income economy and aid the replication of success in one location to another. The research findings provide practical implications to guide businesses in the designing of the most appropriate Business Model for optimal performance. The research study can help business leaders to develop a template for driving performances in their organizations, communicate performance actions and monitor performance objectives.

PERFORMANCE-BASED REWARD SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA

As organizations strive to maintain a competitive edge, the need for a more agile workforce has become increasingly apparent. Performance-based reward systems have emerged as a powerful tool to facilitate this transformation, by aligning employee motivation with the organization’s strategic goals. However, the overemphasis on individual performance metrics may inadvertently promote unhealthy competition and undermine collaboration. Hence this study examines the effect of performance-based reward system on organizational agility in the banking industry. Specifically, the study seeks to determine how competence-based reward system will affect organizational agility; to examine the impact of reward and incentives on organizational agility. The study has adopted a survey research design to obtain data from a population of 221 staff members of the Guarantee Trust Bank (GTB), which represent the broader banking industry in Nigeria. A sample of 142 was drawn through Taro Yamane and sampled randomly. The study used primary data and questionnaires. Multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses. The study found that organizational agility was affected by the competence-based reward system; and incentive and reward proxy by continuous improvement incentives, teamwork reward, and balancing reward objectives determines the organizational agility of the GTB and the broader banking industry in the country. In conclusion, the performance-based reward system has a significant effect on organizational agility in the banking industry in Nigeria. Thus, the study recommends that banks and other financial organizations should adopt the following aspects of a competence- based reward system such as continuous learning, cross-functional collaboration, and skill development as a strategy for achieving a high level of organizational agility in the GTB through its employees.

When unethical practices harm relationship outcomes: testing the influence of consumer-perceived unethical behaviour on trust and satisfaction in the banking sector

PurposeThe study has two objectives: (1) expand our knowledge of the relationship between unethical behaviour and both trust and satisfaction and (2) demonstrate that unethical behaviour research should be examined multi-dimensionally.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by resorting to a mixed methods approach. First, individual interviews were performed with 31 bank consumers from six main commercial banks in Bukavu city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Interview notes were submitted for content analysis to identify items and components that underpin the unethical practices construct. Second, a quantitative survey was conducted with 410 consumers from the same six banks. An aggregated-disaggregated structural equations modelling approach was used to test the impact of unethical practices on relationship outcomes through two studies. Study 1 tested a model that links unethical behaviour as a one-dimensional construct to trust and satisfaction. Study 2 tested a model that directly connects the four specific unethical behaviour components to both trust and satisfaction.FindingsResults from study 1 reveal that perceived unethical behaviour negatively influences consumer trust. Results also confirm that trust positively influences customer satisfaction. Results from study 2 confirm that unresponsive, disrespect and lying behaviours negatively influence both trust and satisfaction. Banks which are involving in those specific unethical behaviours can neither satisfy their consumers, nor maintain a sustainable and profitable relationship with them. Therefore, unethical behaviours harm the relationships outcomes in the banking sector.Research limitations/implicationsThe perceived unethical behaviour scale derives from a single data set and its reliability and validity need to be improved. Relationships between constructs are tested in a more direct way and ignore moderating variables. Perceived unethical behaviour is connected to relationship outcome variables while its impact on firms’ metrics have been ignored.Practical implicationsBanks have to understand customers’ perception of unethical behaviours and find a way to overcome them. Banks should recruit, motivate and retain employees who demonstrate an ethical inclination in the service encounter and create structures and mechanisms in order to monitor and manage unethical practices.Social implicationsBanks employees' unethical behaviour and practices not only damage the trust and reputation of banks but also can lead to frustration on the part of customers and damage their relationship with the institution. Our paper is a warning of this danger and might improve the social interactions between organisations (in general) and customers.Originality/valueUnethical behaviour is measured with a four-component scale in contrast to previous studies that have used bi-dimensional or one-dimensional scales. The study tests a disaggregated model that links four components of perceived unethical behaviour to relationship outcome variables. Perceived unethical behaviours are analysed from the customers’ perspective by resorting to mixed methods strategy.

Decoding Employee Loyalty: Unravelling The Impact of Human Resource Analytics in Uganda's Commercial Banking Sector

The study examined the effect of human resource analytics on staff retention in commercial banks in Uganda, a case of Finance Trust Bank, main branch. The study objectives included; (i) to evaluate the effect of HR data mining analytics on staff retention in Finance Trust Bank; (ii)to determine the effect of HR data interpretation analytics on staff retention in Finance Trust Bank and (iii) to examine the effect of HR performance management analytics on staff retention in Finance Trust Bank. The study design was a cross sectional design and the approaches used were both qualitative and quantitative. The study population was 65 people, a census was adopted; 53 respondents responded, thus a response rate of 82%. Questionnaires were the main tools used in data collection. The findings indicated that performance management analytics is the greatest contributor to employee retention in Finance Trust Bank (β = 0.566; p value = 0.001), data mining analytics is the second contributor to employee retention (β= 0.373; p value= 0.006), and data interpretation analytics is the least contributor to employee retention (β = 0.211; p value= 0.039). The study concluded that data mining analytics, data interpretation analytics and performance management analytics are all strong, positive and significant predictors of employee retention at the bank (R2 =.647; p value = 0.000). Conclusion were drawn and recommendations given.

NURTURING CUSTOMERS LOYALTY ON ISLAMIC BANK: THE ROLE OF SATISFACTION AND TRUST AS MEDIATION

Introduction: Customer loyalty is a fundamental point in relational marketing that must be maintained and maintained by service providers. The urgency of nurturing loyalty of customers is the goal of this research, namely by developing a framework of customer loyalty in shariah banks using the antecedents to be tested. Method: A total of 250 Indonesian Islamic bank customers in Central Java were used as respondents taken using a convenience sampling technique. The collected data were tested, and the data were analysed using SEM with the AMOS statistical software. Result: The finding of the study shows from the nine hypotheses, there are six hypotheses accepted and three hypotheses rejected. High intrinsic religiosity of customers will increase customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty. Meanwhile, extrinsic religiosity is only able to make customers believe in Islamic banks, but is unable to influence satisfaction and loyalty. Other findings show that customer loyalty is based on their trust in Islamic bank services but is not directly influenced by satisfaction. Conclusion and Suggestion: Meanwhile, customer trust in Islamic banks is formed because of their satisfaction with the service. Although satisfaction is not significant on loyalty, its impact can affect trust, and trust is the key to increasing loyalty. This study's findings offer a new perspective on Islamic bank marketing strategies. By promoting proper service, product development, and operational excellence, these strategies can help build customer trust.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Capital Development In Nigeria: Case Study on Guaranty Trust Bank, Gombe State, Nigeria

Abstract This research evaluates human capital development and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Nigeria, using Guaranty Trust Bank Gombe as a case study, covering the period from 2015 to 2020. The study aims to identify the causes of low human capital development in Nigeria and propose solutions to this persistent issue. Three hypotheses guide this study: the impact of CSR, the growth of human capital in the host community, and a combination of both. The methodology includes data from both primary and secondary sources, analyzed using tables, percentages, questionnaires, oral interviews, and basic statistical methods. Findings indicate that the host community has benefited from Guaranty Trust Bank's human capital development initiatives, with many respondents expressing satisfaction and acknowledging the presence of skills acquisition programs. The study recommends that Guaranty Trust Bank adopt a long-term, sustainable approach to its CSR programs, partnering with relevant stakeholders such as government bodies, non-governmental organizations, and community-based groups to maximize resources and skills. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, human capital development, Guaranty Trust Bank, Gombe State, Nigeria Abstrak Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengembangan sumber daya manusia dan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR) di Nigeria, dengan menggunakan studi kasus Guaranty Trust Bank Gombe, yang mencakup periode 2015 hingga 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab rendahnya pengembangan sumber daya manusia di Nigeria dan mengusulkan solusi untuk masalah yang terus-menerus ini. Ada tiga hipotesis yang memandu penelitian ini: dampak CSR, pertumbuhan sumber daya manusia di komunitas tuan rumah, dan kombinasi keduanya. Metodologinya mencakup data dari sumber primer dan sekunder, dianalisis menggunakan tabel, persentase, kuesioner, wawancara lisan, dan metode statistik dasar. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat setempat telah memperoleh manfaat dari inisiatif pengembangan sumber daya manusia Guaranty Trust Bank, dan banyak responden menyatakan kepuasan dan mengakui adanya program perolehan keterampilan. Studi ini merekomendasikan agar Guaranty Trust Bank mengadopsi pendekatan jangka panjang dan berkelanjutan terhadap program CSR-nya, bermitra dengan pemangku kepentingan terkait seperti badan pemerintah, organisasi non-pemerintah, dan kelompok berbasis masyarakat untuk memaksimalkan sumber daya dan keterampilan. Kata kunci: tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, Guaranty Trust Bank, Negara Bagian Gombe, Nigeria.

The Influence Of Islamic Financial Literacy, Religiosity, And Service Quality On The Decision To Save at Islamic Banks with Trust as an Intervening Variable in Jambi Province

This study examines and analyzes the influence of Sharia financial literacy, religiosity, and service quality on saving decisions in Islamic Banks with trust as an intervening variable in Jambi Province. This study has a sample size of 115 respondents representing each district/city in Jambi Province with a proportional nonrandom sampling technique. The data used were primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires. The research analysis method used Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) and data processing techniques using descriptive statistical analysis techniques and Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis with the help of SmartPLS 4.1.0.2 software. The results of this study indicate that Sharia financial literacy, religiosity, and service quality have a positive and significant effect on customer trust in Islamic banks in Jambi Province. Sharia financial literacy and service quality positively and significantly affect customer decisions to save at Islamic banks in Jambi Province. However, religiosity does not affect saving decisions at Islamic banks in Jambi province. Trust positively and significantly affects saving decisions at Islamic banks in Jambi Province. Trust can mediate the influence of Sharia financial literacy, religiosity, and service quality variables on saving decisions in Islamic Banks in Jambi province.

CBDC, Trust in the Central Bank and the Privacy Paradox

Abstract Privacy/anonymity of digital transactions is an issue that potentially may affect demand for central bank digital currency. Does discussions about privacy paradox related to CBDC? In this paper, basing on the respondent’s survey, we construct indexes of privacy preferences (in general, in digital and financial environment) to identify relations between stated preferences in different contexts and between choice toward anonymity vs functionality of CBDC, trust to central bank as CBDC issuer and its independence as a precondition to guaranty anonymity of transactions. We find that generally respondents demonstrate consequence of preferences in terms of, what we call, general privacy, privacy in digital and financial environment. Distribution of obtained 3 indexes demonstrates some differences. Probit model also demonstrates that relation between choice toward anonymity over functionality of CBDC and level of 3 indexes is modest. Where is no correspondence between choice toward anonymity over functionality and trust in central bank and its independence. However, respondents demonstrate high level of trust in central bank ability to guaranty anonymity of transactions and view independence as supporting it even opting functionality over anonymity. We reach a conclusion that some weak form of privacy paradox is exist, central banks, promoting CBDC, should stress on functionality of it. However, privacy should not be ignored. It is better to have it as “nice bonus” to functionality of CBDC.

Impact of Work Life Balance on Employees Ability to Meet Set Targets in Guaranty Trust Bank (GTB), Abuja, Nigeria

Impact of Work Life Balance on Employees Ability to Meet Set Targets in Guaranty Trust Bank (GTB), Abuja, Nigeria

Artificial Intelligence and Operational Efficiency of Deposit Money Banks in Lagos State, Nigeria

This paper examines the effect of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the operational efficiency of deposit money banks in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study identified the types of AI technologies that are used by banks and examined the impact of the different types of technologies on the operational efficiency of five deposit money banks, namely: First Bank of Nigeria, United Bank of Africa, Guaranty Trust Bank, Access Bank, and Zenith Bank, all public liability companies with headquarters located in the Lagos metropolis. The study adopted a survey research design. Copies of the questionnaire were administered to 450 regular employees selected randomly from the five banks. The study revealed that deep learning (β = 0.400, t = 5.445, p<0.05); Automation (β = 0.202, t = 2.143, p<0.05) and fraud detection (β = 0.460, t = 7.095, p<0.05) had positive and significant effects on the operational efficiency of the selected deposit money banks, while chatbots had a positive but insignificant effect. The study concluded that artificial intelligence significantly contributed to the operational efficiency of the selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The authors recommend that deposit money banks should effectively make use of artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, automation, and fraud detection, to improve organizational efficiency