Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Research Articles

Design of Enhanced Wide Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Based on Defected Ground Structures (DGS) for Sub-6 GHz Applications

In this paper a comprehensive comparative study of three distinct microstrip patch antenna (MPA) designs, each optimized for the sub-6 GHz applications, is presented. The initial design phase utilized a Rogers RT 5880 substrate with a permittivity (εr1) of 2.2 and a thickness(H1) of 1.42 mm. The proposed model achieved a resonance band ranging from 4.8 to 7 GHz, with a bandwidth of 2.2 GHz and a return loss (S11) of -20 dB. Subsequent enhancements involved integrating a Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film (εr2 = 250, thickness(H2) = 0.005 mm), effectively shifting the operational band to 3.5-5.3 GHz. The final design iteration, which incorporated both BST and a Defective Ground Structure (DGS), represented a substantial advancement, achieving wideband operation from 1.8 to 6 GHz, expanding the bandwidth to 4.2 GHz, and improving the S11 to -25 dB. This integration also resulted in a compact antenna size of 30 x 26.5 x 1.42 mm³. These findings underscore the synergistic impact of BST and DGS in enhancing MPA design, marking a significant progression in antenna technology, vital for a range of wireless communication.

EARTHEN LAMP-SHAPED DGS DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR HIGH RETURN LOSS IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION

This study illustrates a dual-band circular and pentagon antenna with dual-band configuration for the high return loss. When an antenna has a greater return loss, less power is reflected toward the transmitter, implying that the antenna and transmission line are better suited. Due to its accessibility, the FR4 substrate is used to replicate the design. With a bandwidth of 150 MHz and 200 MHz, respectively, the antenna's dual-band performance is between 2.32 GHz to 2.47 GHz and 2.9 GHz to 3.1 GHz. The body phantom design in CST Studio is used to test the design's biocompatibility. It is demonstrated by the improved antenna in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band region that it can be utilized for telemetry or medical services.

Modified E-Shape Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with DGS for Wireless Communication

A modified E-shape dual bands rectangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications is presented in this paper. An E-slot Microstrip patch antenna with a defective ground structure method has been proposed and getting two bands at 1.9 GHz and 2.89 GHz with S11 -10dB. Defective ground structures provide a maximum gain and low insertion loss i.e., a gain of 3.16 dB, voltage standing wave ratio less than 2, and insertion loss less than -10 dB for both bands. The size of the antenna is 46.83mm x 38.41mm x 1.676mm, which is compact in term of size. The dual band microstrip patch antenna exhibits low cost. The simulation's outcome closely resembles the actual printed antenna and applicable for WiMAX application. The antenna was designed using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software and printed on FR-4 substrate.

A Triband Compact Antenna for Wireless Applications

This paper presents the implementation of a triple band microstrip patch antenna based on modified split ring resonator (SRR) and modified complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) as defected ground plane. The antenna is designed in a FR4 substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 with dimensions as 35 mm × 35 mm × 1.6 mm that comprises a total designed antenna volume of 1960 mm3. Multiband operation is introduced in the antenna through multiple resonators that are introduced in the patch. Impedance matching was provided with the help of partial ground plane and modified SRR in patch. The simulation performance of the antenna is verified using high frequency structural simulator (HFSS) software. The designed antenna resonates at 2.8 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 6.9 GHz for the application requirements of WiMAX, ISM, and Sub-7 GHz wireless communication. The antenna is fabricated as printed circuit board (PCB) format, and its return loss characteristics are measured using a vector network analyser (VNA). The measurement results of the proposed triband antenna are in good agreement with simulated return loss characteristics.

Design of Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication Operating at 28 GHz and 46 GHz

Design of Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication Operating at 28 GHz and 46 GHz

A Low-Cost and Dual band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ku and K Band Applications

This paper examines a dual-band, low-cost microstrip patch antenna for Ku and K applications through simulation study. Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software is used to do the simulation analysis of the suggested antenna. Using Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software, the suggested antenna is constructed and simulated to evaluate several characteristics including reflection coefficient (S11), radiation pattern, gain, and bandwidth. The substrate for the antenna is made of FR-4, which has a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.02. Using the microstrip feed line technology, the planned millimeter wave dual band antenna is examined at operating frequencies of 13 and 22 GHz. At frequencies of 13 and 22, respectively, the antenna's maximum gain values are 4.81 dB and 4.82 dB in the x-y plane. The suggested material might be a decent substitute.

Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna with U-Shaped Slot

In some applications, it is required to have dual band characteristics instead of single band. This characteristic can be obtained by embedding a U-slot in the patch and hence the radiating patch includes a pair of step – slots. In this paper, we propose a dual band microstrip patch antenna with a U- shaped slot fed by coaxial feeding technique. The proposal antennas designed, simulated and optimized using Ansoft HFSS Vs 15. The simulation results are presented in terms of return loss, VSWR, input impedance, gain and radiation pattern. The dimensions are optimized to achieve the exact operating frequencies using resonating frequency control mechanisms. The results showed that the U-Shaped slot microstrip antennas efficiently operated at 2.4Ghz and 4.6Ghz.

A Miniaturized Multi-layer Microstrip Antenna for Linear Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring Systems

This article presents a sub-GHz ISM band microstrip patch antenna based on the use of multi-layer compact structure, which overcomes the shortcomings of typical microstrip antennas such as low gain and high resonant frequency. The antenna was simulated using an electromagnetic simulator, ANSYS HFSS, and fabricated on two different substrates: RT Duroid 5880 and FR4 epoxy with a compact size of 100 x 100 x 8 mm3 (0.29λ × 0.29λ × 0.02λ). The simulated results of the antenna were then compared with the measured ones, and the two were observed to have a reasonable agreement. The proposed antenna operates in the sub-GHz license-free ISM band (862-875 MHz), with a gain value of 2.92 dB. Two prototypes of the proposed antenna were fabricated and used in a Linear Wireless Sensor Networks (LWSNs) monitoring system. Results show that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for those types of LWSNs systems.

NaLaMgWO6 microwave dielectric ceramics and their sub-6 GHz band microstrip patch antenna applications

NaLaMgWO6 microwave dielectric ceramics and their sub-6 GHz band microstrip patch antenna applications

2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Dual Band Wi-Fi Antenna Design for IoT Based Smart Media Application

Internet of Things (IoT) based application requires integration with the wireless communication technology to make the application data readily available. In this article, a dual band microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies is designed for use in Wi-Fi applications. The main purpose is to design a compact, easy to manufacture, cheap and high-performance microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is printed on the substrate of FR4 with two C-shaped strips and a microstrip feed line on the front side. There is L-shaped slot in the ground plane on the bottom side. The overall geometric size of the antenna is 29x26x1.6mm3. The antenna bandwidth is 140MHz and 552MHz at 2.45GHz and 5GHz respectively.

Tuning of dual frequency resonance analysis of circular and rectangular patch UWB antenna used for wireless sensor networks

In our modern digital world, communication plays a most important role in research of new designs and novel findings. The proposed analysis is based on Ultra-wide band microstrip patch antenna with two methods of circular and rectangular patch. The design analysis and comparison of various antenna parameters are used for wireless sensor networks. The V-shaped slot is introduced on top of the circular patch and the horizontal T-shaped slot on rectangular patch using jeans substrate material, the design gives good resonance frequency of 9.5GHz and 7.7GHz for wireless communication networks. At resonance the receiver of UWB antenna has a frequency sensing element and the antenna parameters were analyzed using High Frequency Structural Simulator. From the analysis, gain of an antenna, VSWR, return loss as well as radiation pattern, Specific Absorption Rate SAR values are in the acceptable range. The VSWR value of both rectangular and circular patch is 1.05, return loss below -11dB determined in order to avoid surface wave propagation, the specific absorption rate SAR value should be below 2W and gain of each antenna consists of positive value. Hence the antenna meets the requirement suitable for wireless sensor network application.

Design of A Dual-band Square Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

A New Design single feed dual band micro-strip patch antenna that implemented in GPS applications is presented. The suggested antenna based on two bands of GPS systems. they are L1=1.575 GHz and L2=1.227 GHz. The suggested antenna principally comprises two resonance frequencies with contents square patch, two semi-circle, two rectangular slots, S - shaped slot, two truncated slot and four circle slots in the ground plane, which fed by a 50 𝛺 coaxial probe, with over all area of 94*94 mm2. The software CST Microwave studio is used to build a simulation for the suggested antenna. The results of the simulation showed an impedance for bandwidth of 20 MHz between (1.56 GHz - 1.58 GHz) by using L1 band, while L2 band, it was 20 MHz between (1.21 - 1.23GHz). The results also showed that the circular polarization radiation can be obtained through a probe feeding at one of the diagonal lines of the patch. This antenna can reduce the loss in S11, impedance behavior, Gain and farfield radiation pattern.

Design of quad band microstrip patch antenna with slits and slots

Design of quad band microstrip patch antenna with slits and slots

A Spurious Free Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting

Objectives: To design high gain square slots loaded dual-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna having harmonic suppression capability and rectifier circuit (Rectenna (Antenna + Rectifier) for Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH). Methods: To achieve the objectives, the square slots are loaded on the four corners of the rectangular microstrip patch in order to enhance the current distribution which resulted in improved impedance matching at desired frequencies with dual isolated bands. The proposed antenna is simulated in Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite Three- Dimensional Electromagnetic Simulation (3DEM) software. A rectifier with an LC impedance matching network is designed, simulated, and optimized in Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software. Findings: The overall size of the proposed antenna operating at 2.49 GHz and 3.73 GHz (WiMax) is 57482.5 mm3. The proposed antenna is assessed in terms of its simulated performance parameters: Return loss (S1,1), Impedance (Z1,1), Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), Gain, Directivity, and Efficiency. The proposed antenna exhibits improved performance over the conventional rectangular patch antenna, in terms of (S1,1), Impedance (Z1,1) and Gain. The results obtained from the simulation indicate -35.47 dB and -37.42 dB of S1,1 at 2.49 GHz and 3.73 GHz respectively with the Gain of 4.74 dBi and 3.62 dBi respectively. Further, a rectifier circuit is proposed at 2.45 GHz. The complete rectenna system is simulated over a range of input power levels (1dBm-10dBm) for 4.7 kOhm load resistance. The simulated rectenna result presents the maximum output voltage of 3.34 V. Novelty and Applications: The proposed rectenna design with its harmonic suppression capability can be used for RFEH to drive the Internet of Things-Sensor Network (IoT-SN) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The novelty of the proposed work is harmonic suppression capability. harmonic suppression capability is achieved by inserting the square slots at the four corners of the conventional square patch. Keywords: Radio Frequency; Energy Harvesting; Efficiency; Gain; Rectifier; Schottky diode

Design and Implementation of UWB Slot-Loaded Printed Antenna for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications

In this paper, single-layer ultra-Wide Band (UWB) microstrip patch antennas loaded with asymmetrical U-shaped slot in both microwave and millimeter wave applications are presented. These novel antennas cover a fractional bandwidth around 40% in both microwave and millimeter applications. The applications cover the C-band (4-8) GHz, V-band (40-75) GHz, and W-band (75-110) GHz. In addition to that, it is the sole article that cover the bands (5.15-5.825) GHz and (8.025-8.4) GHZ for WiMaX and ITU band applications, respectively. Moreover, it covers three bands for Automotive radar applications within (71-76) GHz, (81-86) GHz, and (92-95) GHz, in addition to further 5G/mm-wave applications at 60 GHz. Each antenna is coaxial fed and implemented on a Roger 5880 substrate with relative dielectric constant of 2.2, thickness of $1.575~mm$ and loss tangent of 0.0009. They operate over the frequency band (5.5-9.5) GHz for microwave band and (55-95) GHz for mm-wave band. To achieve either a notch in other bands or develop a multi-band structure, the conventional ground is replaced by two different structures. The first ground is an array of patches and the other is a mushroom ground. The first ground results in a notch within the band (73-79) GHz while the second one achieves a multi-band within (55-68) GHz and (81-95) GHz. Both antennas are simulated and verified using Finite Difference Time-Domain analysis (FDTD); CST Microwave Studio and Finite Element Method (FEM); Ansoft HFSS. For microwave band, the antenna is fabricated and measured for verification. Concerning the mm-wave version, three different types of ground planes are presented; traditional, periodic structure of patches and mushroom. The structure with periodic patches conducts the same band as the traditional ground plane does. This is a prestep for the design of the notches. The mushroom ground is carried out for multi-band applications. The average gain of the antennas is 7 dB.The measured two dimensional cuts of the radiation pattern, radiation efficiency, and reflection coefficient of the microwave version are presented and are in good agreement with the simulated results while for the mm-wave antenna the same parameters are simulated with two different methods and are in good agreement.

Compact Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications with Enhanced Bandwidth

Compact Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications with Enhanced Bandwidth

Design and Simulation of Microstrip Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications

This paper proposes a compact sized dual band microstrip patch antenna with microstrip feed line. The patch of antenna is a rectangular shaped patch which has a circular slot in the patch for multiband operations. This antenna covers frequency bands, centered at 2.4GHz, 3.3GHz, which is useful for the C-band and X-band operations. In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna with compact size of 21x17x1.6 mm in rectangular shape. This antenna is designed on FR4 substrate (Dielectric constant=4.4) of thickness h=1.6mm with ground of size 25x10 mm. The proposed structure were simulated on CADFEKO simulation software. This proposed antenna is suitable for multiband wireless communication systems and mobile equipments.

Design and Implementation of Tri Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Bandwidth Enhancement for GSM, WLAN, WiMAX system

Design and Implementation of Tri Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Bandwidth Enhancement for GSM, WLAN, WiMAX system

Design and Optimization of E Shape Multi Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Fractal Geometry for Wireless Communication

In this paper an E shaped multiband fractal microstrip antenna proposed. The proposed E structure uses self similar fractal concept. The geometry is extended up to two iteration which resonates at seven multiband frequencies. The proposed antenna operates in 1–2 GHz (L-band), 2–4 GHz (S-band) and 4–8 GHz (C-band) frequencies and finds uses for military and secure long distance communication and C band frequency uses like satellite communication, Wi-Fi, and Radio Detection and Ranging. All designed antennas are optimized by IE3D antenna simulation tool with FR-4 material having 4.4 dielectric constant and loss tangent = 0.02. The parameters of all antennas have been examined in terms of directivity, VSWR, return loss, resonant frequency, bandwidth and gain.

Ultra-Wide Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for C and X -Band Applications with Effect of Copper Thickness

An ultrawide band partial ground miniaturized rectangular shape microstrip patch antenna is investigated in this paper. The size of the proposed antenna is 17×10×1.6 mm3 and is excited by microstrip line feed which operates for C band and X- band. In this article we have compared the variation in the output by changing the thickness of copper of the proposed antenna from 35μm and 70μm. The design is simulated by Ansoft’s HFSS13v which is based on finite element method then is fabricated using wet etching method and finally measured by copper mountain reflectometer R140 version. The performance of the rectangular shaped antenna is analyzed on various parameters like reflection coefficient, VSWR, group delay, gain, radiation pattern and radiation efficiency. The measured and simulated results reveal that proposed antenna resonates from 6.3-12GHz giving ultrawide band with bandwidth impedance of 62.9% with the gain of 3.94dBi and maximum radiation efficiency of 95% targeted for satellite communication, radars and radio navigation applications.