Balinese Architecture Research Articles

Konsep Tata Ruang Goa Gajah dan Kolam Patirthan Berdasarkan Arsitektur Tradisional Bali

The aim is to find out the application of the spatial layout of Goa Gajah and the Patirthan pond based on traditional Balinese architecture and to find out the relationship between Goa Gajah and the Patirthan pond reflected in the function of the building. The research method is qualitative with inductive reasoning. Data collection was carried out using literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation studies. The collected data was processed using spatial character analysis, contextual analysis and qualitative analysis supported by spatial theory of traditional Balinese architecture and architectural function theory. The results of the research concluded that Goa Gajah and the Patirthan pond were identified as being based on traditional Balinese architectural spatial concepts, namely; Tri Hita Karana; Tri Angga and Tri Loka; and orientations. Analysis of the relationship between Goa Gajah and the Patirthan pond also implies a philosophical relationship between mountains and the sea. The activities at Goa Gajah and the Patirthan pond clarify the relationship between buildings, and represent the building as a social environment for ascetics.

BEDAWANG NALA: ARTISTIC INSPIRATION FOR A FICTION FILM TO STRENGTHEN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AWARENESS

This research explores the philosophical and symbolic value of Bedawang Nala in Balinese architectural art and the development of its narrative in fiction films based on Hindu mythology. Bedawang Nala, depicted as a giant fire-haired turtle with dragons Anantabhoga and Basuki, reflects cosmic balance and natural harmony in Tri Hita Karana. This qualitative research uses an interdisciplinary perspective involving the views of cultural studies and the creativity of film art creation. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews to explore the meaning and connection of the Bedawang Nala concept with environmental themes, audiovisual observations of traditional Balinese architecture, and literature studies on Bedawang Nala and ecological issues. Data were analyzed using interview transcript interpretation techniques to identify main themes related to the philosophical and symbolic values of Bedawang Nala, audiovisual analysis, and literature synthesis that connects findings from interviews and observations with current discussions about ecological education. The findings show that the Bedawang Nala mythology is not just an aesthetic ornament but has an educational value relevant to contemporary environmental issues. The development of this mythology-based film narrative can be an effective academic and cultural reflection tool, strengthening ecological awareness in society. This research suggests making and evaluating films based on Bedawang Nala and exploring other local mythologies to increase the educational impact and environmental awareness through film media.

Meru Architecture in Bali : History, Function and Challenges

Meru is a sacred structure in Balinese architecture, symbolizing Mount Sumeru in Hindu-Buddhist cosmology. Introduced by Mpu Kuturan in the 11th century, Meru is a key feature of Balinese temples, representing the connection between the divine and earthly realms. The tiered roof, which can range from one to eleven layers, reflects different levels of the universe, with higher tiers holding greater spiritual significance. Meru is not only a site of worship for deities and ancestors but also plays a crucial role in traditional ceremonies, such as the ngaben cremation rites. One of the remarkable aspects of Meru is its earthquake-resistant design. Built with natural materials like ijuk (sugar palm fibre) and ironwood, its proportional structure and construction techniques allow it to withstand seismic shocks effectively. However, while Meru can endure earthquakes, it remains vulnerable to fire, especially due to lightning strikes. The dry, flammable ijuk used for the roof makes Meru susceptible, as evidenced by recent fires at temples like Ratu Gede Bima Sakti and Dadia Bingin. Efforts to protect Meru from fire hazards are underway, including raising community awareness and improving fire safety protocols. Despite these challenges, Meru continues to stand as a powerful symbol of Bali’s spiritual and cultural identity, blending ancient traditions with modern efforts to preserve this sacred architecture.

Arsitektur Tradisional Bali pada Bangunan Puri Sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Minat Khusus dalam Mendukung Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Bali

The existence of the castle or puri as a historical and cultural heritage of traditional Balinese architecture at this time began to fade due to the influence of modernization. Not a few puri in Bali have experienced commodification both in terms of shape, function and meaning. Therefore an effort is needed to maintain the continuity of traditional Balinese architecture in the castle building in the midst of global culture, namely by developing the castle towards special interest tourism which is currently becoming a trend in the tourism world. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of traditional Balinese architecture in castle buildings as a tourist attraction of special interest in supporting the development of tourism in Bali. This research included descriptive qualitative research conducted for three months at Puri Kaba-Kaba, Tabanan, Bali. Data collection was carried out through participatory observation on traditional Balinese architecture in Puri Kaba-Kaba, in-depth interviews with four informants consisting of castle leaders, tourism conscious groups, and the Head of Kaba-Kaba Village, as well as documentation studies of relevant literature and documents. The results of the study show that Puri Kaba-Kaba still preserves the concept of Sanga Mandala especially in parts of sacred or infused places that contain form, function, and meaning of traditional Balinese architecture that is unique and of historical value so that it has the potential

REPRESENTATION OF BALINESE CULTURE IN GUN GUN’S MAHABHARATA EPIC PUPPET COMIC

The Mahabharata epic is better known to people in Bali, especially in shadow puppet plays. However, since 1955, the Mahabharata epic has been presented in the form of comics. This way of storytelling continued until 2014 with the printing of the Mahabharata epic puppet comic by Gun Gun, which presents Balinese cultural icons. This research aims to describe the representation of Balinese culture in Gun Gun’s Mahabharata epic puppet comic. The research method employed a critical qualitative design. Data collection was conducted through observation, interview, and literature study. The theories utilised are comic theory, hegemony theory, representation theory, and articulation theory. The findings indicate that Gun Gun’s Mahabharata epic puppet comic employs three forms of Balinese cultural representation. The three forms are as follows: (1) visual representation, whereby characters and backgrounds are depicted in comics in a manner that evokes Balinese architecture, including wantilan, pura, and togog; (2) verbal representation, which is evidenced by the presence of Balinese vocabulary in the dialogue of the characters, such as om swastiastu, kerahayuan, yadnya, Hyang Widhi, and darma; and (3) narrative representation, which is evident in the explicit portrayal of Hindu teachings, including karma phala. The dialogue of the characters, such as om swastiastu, kerahayuan, yadnya, Hyang Widhi, and darma, and the narrative representation that shows explicitly the teachings of Hinduism, such as karma phala, are also forms of cultural representation. The study of Balinese cultural representation in the Mahabharata epic comic contributes to the understanding that comics also serve as a medium for the adaptation of external cultural influences, thereby reinforcing Balinese identity. Keywords: Balinese culture, Mahabharata epic, comics, representation, Balinese identity

Traditional and Vernacular Architecture in Bali

The study of Bali's traditional and vernacular architecture requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to reveal the complex expressions of this culturally diverse island. Influenced by Hindu, Buddhist and indigenous beliefs, Bali's architecture is closely interwoven with its lush landscape, characterised by terraced rice fields, volcanic mountains and a tropical climate. The theoretical foundations are based on vernacular architecture and emphasise the importance of indigenous knowledge, local materials and cultural, social and environmental factors. The study focuses on the classification and functions of more than 20,000 Hindu temples or "pura", which reflect the island's deep cultural roots and rituals based on the Balinese calendar. An examination of small villages such as Pengotan reveals a nuanced architecture with sacred and profane zones clustered around temple areas, residential areas and cemeteries. The concentration of family units in sacred spaces and the meticulous adherence to the luan concept reveal the intricacies of traditional Balinese architecture. However, the preservation of this architectural heritage is being challenged by rapid modernisation and a booming tourism industry. The influx of tourists, which has increased from 2.5 million in 2010 to 14 million in 2017, poses a threat to Bali's traditional building practices and materials. The environmental impact of increasing waste and inadequate infrastructure, exacerbated by the growing number of foreign visitors, requires sustainable planning. The government's ambitious goal of creating '10 new Balis' to double the number of tourists raises concerns about environmental protection and proper waste management. The methodological approach of this study is deeply rooted in vernacular architecture and aims to decipher the nuances and preserve Bali's architectural heritage. Balancing the demands of modernisation and tourism with the need for environmental sustainability is critical to the protection of the heritage.
 
 Index Terms— Vernacular Architecture, Bali, Tourism, Traditions

The WUJUD BANGUNAN ARSITEKTUR BALE SAKENEM

Bale Sakenem is one of the many buildings of traditional Balinese architecture which function to accommodate traditional ceremonial activities. Its specific function is to prepare and carry out religious ceremonies for Hindus. Basically, this architectural building has a wall structure that has six pillars or six saka, therefore this architectural bulding is named Bale Sakenem. The contruction ans structure of this building uses wood materials. Bale Sakenem is owned by all residents’ houses in the Panglipuran Tourism Village, Kubu District, Bangli Regency, Bali. Basically, it still maintains itsshape, structure, contruction and ornaments, but there are changes that have occuredin the materials. This reseach uses a qualitative descriptive method with an ase study approach. Research data was obtained from direct observation in the Panglipuran Tourism Village. The research conclusion shows that the materials used in the Bale Sakenem architectural buildings still use wood materials with changes in wood types nowadays.

Reading the Meaning of the Realization of a Residential House in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Bali using the Hermeneutic Method

Discussion of traditional architecture is still interesting to do because of the high meaning in it. Including traditional Balinese architecture, more precisely the house in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village. The house for the indigenous people of Tenganan Pegingsringan Village consists of several building periods, including Bale Buga, Sanggah, Bale Meten, Bale Tengah and Paon. The aim of the study was to analyze the meaning of the embodiment of a residential house in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Bali using the hermeneutic method. The research method used is a qualitative method with primary data from direct observation in the form of photographs, interviews and secondary data from literacy which is then compiled, the two data can be analyzed using a hermeneutic approach to obtain results and conclusions. The meaning of the house in the village of Tenganan Pegingsringan was born from the activities of its users who have the same values and expressions. Different users from community groups based on village manners have the same residential meaning. The meaning of the house form in Tenganan Pegingsringan Village has ritual, symbolic, ethical, religious and sustainable meanings.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BALINESE ARCHITECTURAL FLATS IN DENPASAR CITY

The construction of flats can be a solution to the increasing need for houses in the Province of Bali and the depleting land area of residential areas. The existence of demands for flats by prioritizing the architectural requirements of buildings according to the Regional Regulation of the Province of Bali Number 5 of 2005 is a unique thing to study. The aim of the research is to find the factors that influence the characteristics of flats with Balinese architecture and to plan a design model for flats in Bali based on the concept of Balinese architecture. This study uses a combination research method model which combines quantitative and qualitative research methods sequentially. In the first stage it was carried out using quantitative research methods and in the second stage used qualitative methods. Sampling using non-probability random sampling, with the sampling convention sampling technique, where the sample selection is free with a sample of 200 respondents. The data analysis technique in this study was univariate analysis by presenting tables, pictures and graphs. The results of the study show that the factors influencing the characteristics of flats with Balinese architecture are the principles of spatial planning with the selection of locations in Denpasar city, the principles of building layout with a 3-storey apartment building height and the selection of building facades in Balinese architectural style, the principles of utilities and facilities with the presence of green open spaces. , elevator facilities, traditional and cultural facilities, vehicle parking facilities centered in one place, merchant facilities, health and education that are easily accessible, as well as an integrated and organized waste treatment system, as well as the principles of Balinese architecture, namely based on Tri Hita Karana and Hulu Teben concept. The design model for flats is designed with a type 36 residential type which facilitates the majority of families with 1-2 children.

Implementation of the Water Park Concept of Traditional Balinese Architecture in Improvement Comfort Thermal at Captain Mudita Bangli Park

Comfort thermal is absolute thing for body human, therefore human always try conditioning environment to achieve comfort thermal for his body. Outdoor space is one a place where humans operate. Object in This research is environment planned construction with apply element architecture external supported by architectural concepts traditional Balinese. See condition that, there is opportunity and important to learn characteristics comfort thermal water park. This research aims to find out factor comfort thermal and outdoor factors in the Field Captain Mudita Bangli. Field Captain Mudita Bangli chosen as location study Because own characteristic typical separately, as well role very important as support life people in Bangli. The purpose of This research is to find out spread condition thermal, knowing big influence factor external to condition thermal and the influence of water park spatial models according to Balinese traditional concepts. architecture comfort thermal. The results of this research can be become base for architects to build and design water park that can operate optimally. In this research, method comparison and simulation used to visualize condition comfort thermal on the subject research. From the results of this simulation, it can be used to find out influence factor external and architectural concept traditional Balinese towards comfort thermal object research.

Adaptasi Nuansa Lokal pada Proses Perancangan Bangunan Komersial di Bali

Title: The Adaptation of Local Architecture in the Commercial Building Design Process in Bali
 The local Balinese architecture is still being developed and maintained simultaneously in Bali, incorporating elements of history and space. Over time, modernization has impacted the existence of local Balinese architecture in its manifestation. The local government responded to the act of preserving culture by establishing a Bali Regional Regulation, which regulates the design of architectural buildings with local Balinese nuances. The existence of this culture has become the main attraction in Bali, and it requires support from the spaces or commercial buildings. Therefore, the image of commercial buildings is regarded as a manifestation of the existence of local Balinese architectural culture. This paper focuses on the building's appearance, with two object location points as the case study to determine how to adapt local nuances to different typologies, namely Pahdi Coffee Kintamani and Benoa Beach Club, as objects that can illustrate the process of design acculturation. The research evaluated the design against existing benchmarks to obtain the adaptation process used in commercial building design. The method used was qualitative descriptive. As a result, the design of Pahdi Coffee Kintamani and Benoa Beach Club can fit with the function needed and adapt the local Balinese architecture through the appropriate process.

Dimensi Aksiologis pada Tata Letak Bangunan di Bali Berdasarkan Lontar Asta Kosala Kosali

Bali is unique in its traditions, culture, religious practices, and architecture. All of these are a legacy from generation to generation. The form of Balinese architecture is strongly influenced by the values that are always maintained to remain the identity and uniqueness of the Balinese people. This research aims to explore the value system that develops in Balinese society, with how the value system frames the various cultural diversity owned by Bali, including Balinese architecture. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that Balinese design and architecture are strongly influenced by the concept of Tri Hita Karana, a concept in Balinese society as a process of maintaining balance and harmony between God, humans and nature. The concept of Tri Hita Karana is then applied in Balinese architecture in the form of Tri Mandala, which is three spaces that divide one yard. Balinese architecture in Lontar Asta Kosala Kosali is also influenced by the concept of Sanga Mandala as a form of application of the concept of Dewata Nawa Sańga. Then the axiological dimension in the building layout in Bali has religious value, eco-theological value, aesthetic value, and also cultural value. Then, the challenges of Balinese architecture in this era of globalization position that the concept and layout of buildings in Bali still use concepts and also philosophical values that develop in Balinese society, despite regional limitations, but the axiological dimension on a small scale can still be maintained.

Characteristics of Balinese architectural fat houses in Denpasar City

This research aims to find factors that influence the characteristics of flats with a Balinese architectural perspective and plan a design model for apartments in Bali based on the concept of Balinese architecture. The research method used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The first stage uses quantitative methods, and the second stage uses qualitative methods. The research sample was taken using nonprobability random sampling with a sample size of 200 respondents. Data analysis was done through univariate analysis by presenting tables, pictures, and graphs. The results of the research show that the factors that influence the characteristics of flats with a Balinese architectural style include the principles of spatial planning with the choice of location in the city of Denpasar, the principles of building layout with a 3-story flat building height, and the selection of building facades with a Balinese architectural style, the principles of utilities and facilities which include green open space, lift facilities, traditional and cultural facilities, centralized parking facilities, easily accessible merchant facilities, health, education, and an integrated and organized waste processing system. Apart from that, Balinese architectural principles such as Tri Hita Karana and the Hulu Teben concept are also used as references. Principles of building layout with a 3-story apartment building height and the selection of Balinese architectural style building facades, principles of utilities and facilities which include green open space, lift facilities, traditional and cultural facilities, centralized parking facilities, merchant facilities, health, easy education accessible, and an integrated and organized waste processing system. Apart from that, Balinese architectural principles such as Tri Hita Karana and the Hulu Teben concept are also used as references. Principles of building layout with a 3-story apartment building height and the selection of Balinese architectural style building facades, principles of utilities and facilities which include green open space, lift facilities, traditional and cultural facilities, centralized parking facilities, merchant facilities, health, easy education accessible, and an integrated and organized waste processing system. Apart from that, Balinese architectural principles such as Tri Hita Karana and the Hulu Teben concept are also used as references.

Traditional Balinese Architecture as a Tourist Attraction in Bali: an Architect's Perspective

The purpose of this research is to analyze the driving factors and inhibiting factors for the transformation of Balinese Traditional Architecture (ATB) designs in tourism facilities in Denpasar and Badung. Through a questionnaire as many as 48 samples from Architects working in Denpasar and Badung were analyzed through IFAS and EFAS and the Internal External Matrix, the general positions and strategies were obtained. The results of the study show that the main strength of internal factors is the existence of Provincial and Denpasar Regional Regulations regarding building layout which is a very meaningful back-up for implementing Balinese-style designs in tourist facilities. Meanwhile, the main driving factor from external factors is the development of tourism in Bali which is quite large. In this way, in the future, a mutually beneficial relationship will be created between Balinese Architecture and Tourism.

Preserving traditional Balinese architecture: exploring the relevance of undagi’s indigenous knowledge in post-pandemic interior design

This research is focused on exploring the relevance of undagi’s indigenous knowledge implemented on post-pandemic interior design as a recommendation for preserving traditional Balinese architecture in the modern era. As UNESCO promoted safeguarding the "Intangible Cultural Heritage" in 2003, all designers must strengthen the cultural side in still relevant designs for the modern era. In Bali, undagi’s (traditional architect) existence declined in the modern era. Undagi’s indigenous knowledge is the basis for the architectural development of traditional Balinese houses (umah) for designing tourism facilities as research objects. This research is a desk study with a critical analytical approach that qualitatively conducts a comparative study between indigenous knowledge and post-pandemic interior design recommendations with two stages of research—in the first stage, critically analyzing post-pandemic interior design recommendations by previous researchers with a systemic literature review. In the second stage, exploring undagi’s indigenous knowledge consists of explicit and tacit knowledge. The result of the two stages is the formulation of the relevance of undagi’s indigenous knowledge in post-pandemic interior design in Bali. The study results show that the undagi’s indigenous knowledge has relevance, which aligns with the recommendations for post-pandemic interior design criteria by previous researchers. This relevance is closely relevant, and several relevant values require development and interpretation to have interconnectivity between modern and traditional values. This process of interconnectivity must prioritize the principle of preserving traditional Balinese architecture in the modern era.

THE ARCHITECTURE OF PALINGGIH ULAM AGUNG AND PEDAU: SYMBOLIC ARTEFACTS OF THE NUSA PENIDA, COASTAL COMMUNITY’S BELIEF SYSTEM IN HINDUISM OSMOSIS

The architecture of the palinggih ‘Balinese shrine’ is generally built based on the design of a sacred Hindu building according to the guidelines of traditional Balinese architecture, but different from the two architectural forms of shrines in Nusa Penida, Bali. This study focuses on the transformation of the belief system of Nusa Penida’s local coastal community belief system, which is realized into ulam agung (king of fish) and pedau (traditional sailboat) sacred buildings. The results of the study show that the transformation of the metaphor architectural shrine occurs because of the mastery, placement, and conversion of cultural, social, symbolic, and economic capital, that crosses individual and collective habitus in the realm of the Nusa Penida local coastal community belief system. The system of people’s belief in local gods undergoes a process of osmosis into gods in the pantheon of Hinduism. The socio-religious practice is also influenced by their level of knowledge, reasoning, and experience of the architectural form of the shrine as a symbolic Hindu religious building.

PROSES PEMBANGUNAN BALE DAJA STUDI KASUS BALE DAJA DI DESA KESIMAN DENPASAR

Balinese architecture is a spatial structure and form whose development is based on values and norms, both written and unwritten. Bale Daja is a bale that follows the placement according to the direction of the wind in the mention of the local community. Kaja or daja is a higher area (read: mountain); for Bali, the interior design facilities are 2 bales located on the left and right of the room. The Bale Daja building shape is rectangular, can use saka/poles made of wood, totaling 8 (sakutus) and 12 (saka roras). The function of the Bale Daja is for the parents' or Head of the Family's bed on the left side of the bale, while on the right it is used for the sacred space, a place of prayer and a place to store ceremonial tools. After the building design is formed, the preparation of materials can be done. The materials prepared include bricks, sand, cement, wood, tiles, etc. The basics of Bale Daja development use the rules contained in Asta kosala kosali and asta bumi. The unit of measurement used is the Bali Traditional Architecture unit of measurement which is based on the size of the elbow of the oldest person in the house, namely the basic reference size in the form of: hands with various leg sizes, knuckles, palm width and others. The ceremony before the construction of the building consists of: the Nyukat and Ngeruak ceremonies are carried out sequentially, namely the process of cleaning the site and making stakes and dimensions of the building to be built accompanied by the basic return ceremony first. mulang basis and in the assembly process the ngaug sunduk procession is carried out, namely the waters between the saka and the sunduk in the direction of kaja kangin first then proceed to the saka and sunduk assembly. The final cleansing ceremony, namely the melaspas ceremony, can then be used for bale daja.

Exploring the Philosophy and Forms of Traditional Balinese Architecture at Badung Market

After the fire disaster, Badung market was rebuilt by applying the values of Balinese local wisdom. It was designed through an integrated synergy of regional arrangement within the Badung market, Kumbasari market, and the arrangement of the Tukad Badung to support the concept of a heritage city tour in Denpasar City. The philosophical concept used is tapak dara and padu raksa. The concept of values and architectural forms uses the Triangga, the Trimandala, the Sanga Mandala, and the Tri Hita Karana concepts. The forms of the entrance uses the bintang aring concept. It is combined with the kayon form as a symbol of balance, horizontal and vertical for human life. The concept of Balinese traditional architectural decoration uses bebadungan decorations. This research was with a qualitative exploratory method Researchers also found modernization towards more advanced changes with rational, effective, efficient, and economic principles. This is evidenced in the use ornaments made of Glass Reinforced Concrete, elevator facilities, and escalators. In addition, Badung market was designed to be more modern and universal with a children's play room, lactation room, emergency stairs, accessible toilets, and other facilities.Menjelajahi Filosofi dan Bentuk Arsitektur Tradisional Bali di Pasar Badung. Pascabencana kebakaran, Pasar Badung dibangun dengan menerapkan nilai kearifan lokal Bali. Didesain melalui sinergitas penataan kawasan secara terpadu antara Pasar Badung, Pasar Kumbasari, dan penataan tukad Badung untuk menunjang konsep tur kota pusaka (heritage city tour) Kota Denpasar. Konsep filosofis yang digunakan adalah tapak dara sebagai simbol keseimbangan dan padu raksa sebagai makna stabilitas perputaran ekonomi masyarakat untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan. Konsep tata nilai dan bentuk bangunan menggunakan konsep triangga, trimandala, sanga mandala, dan tri hita karana. Bentuk pintu masuk pada bangunan utama menggunakan konsep bintang aring dengan bebatelan di kiri dan kanan. Bintang aring difilosofikan sebagai pintu yang bercahaya bagai bintang sehingga terlihat monumental, berestetika, dan menambah kesan oriental. Bintang aring dikombinasikan dengan bentuk kayon sebagai lambang keseimbangan, horisontal dan vertikal bagi kehidupan manusia. Konsep ragam hias arsitektur tradisional Bali menggunakan ragam hias bebadungan. Ragam hias ini didesain untuk menciptakan identitas jati diri Kota Denpasar. Peneliti juga menemukan kehidupan modernisasi dengan prinsip rasional, efektif, efisien, dan ekonomis. Hal ini dibuktikan pada penggunaan ornamen dari bahan Glass Reinforced Concrete (GRC), fasilitas elevator, dan eskalator. Selain itu Pasar Badung didesain lebih modern dan universal dengan adanya ruang bermain anak, ruang laktasi, tangga darurat, toilet aksesibel, dan fasilitas lainnya.

Application of the Bale Meten architectural concept on the spatial order Jeroan of Pura Mertasari Denpasar

<p>Pura Mertasari is a temple located on Jalan Kepundung, Denpasar-Bali. The spatial concept of this temple is <em>tri mandala</em>, with the main zone functioning as the offal, the middle zone functioning as the middle jaba and the <em>nista</em> zone functioning as the <em>jaba sisi</em>. However, in addition to the macro spatial division, the uniqueness of the micro spatial division of the <em>jeroan pura</em> was found. The spatial division in the <em>jeroan</em> of this temple is called the architectural concept of bale meten. The bale meten architectural concept is a unique concept. However, a problem was found, namely there has been no similar research that examines this concept. Thus, departing from the aim of enriching scientific studies of Balinese architecture which is applied to the spatial of temples and the desire to study the architectural concept of bale meten on the spatial of temple innards scientifically, this research needs to be carried out. So that in the future this research can be used as reading material and knowledge about the application of the architectural concept of bale meten in the spatial of temple innards. This research method is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The result of the research is that the innards of the temple are manifested like the concept of the bale meten space. This finding is confirmed by the division of three elements of the spatial hierarchy, namely the main function as gedong in the bale meten and as a spatial pelinggih on the innards of the temple, madya as the terrace of the owner of the house in the bale meten and as the canopy of pelinggih / place to put ceremonial facilities on the innards of the temple, and nista as the visitor's terrace in the <em>bale meten</em> and as a place for <em>pengempon</em> in the <em>jeroan</em> of <em>pura</em>.</p>

The Balinese Ethnic Community's Perceptions in Regards to Modifications in Denpasar's Residential Building Spatial Planning

<p class="Abstract"><em>The increase influences changes in the spatial layout of Balinese ethnic residences in Denpasar in the number of family members, the growth in the community's economy, and the availability of residential yard land, which is decreasing. On the one hand, the Balinese ethnic community in Denpasar still has a perception of direction and orientation of significant (high) and obnoxious (low) values or </em>luan<em> and </em>teben<em> orientations as the forerunner to the spatial configuration of Balinese ethnic residences with the concept of zoning of the </em>Sanga Mandala<em> tread. This study aims to conceive of the Denpasar community's perception of the arrangement of residential houses amid increasing residential space needs. The method used is descriptive qualitative through empirical studies by conducting in-depth observations and interviews to understand the Denpasar community's understanding of structuring their homes. This study found that the Balinese ethnic community perceives changes in their homes' spatial layout based on literacy and adaptation; the Denpasar community understands the demands of residential space needs through a spatial transformation based on transformation spatial concepts of Balinese architecture.</em></p>