Bagasse Fibers Research Articles

BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITES OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND VEGETAL POLYURETHANE FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Due to the environmental problems caused by polymers, it is desirable to use biodegradable biopolymers such as vegetable polyurethane and sugar cane bagasse fibers. Therefore, the work aimed at the development of biodegradable biocomposites of sugarcane bagasse fibers for application in orthoses and evaluated their viability through mechanical, chemical, biodegradation and computational simulation tests. It was possible to obtain PU composites with sugarcane bagasse, which showed good interaction through the analysis of scanning electron microscopy images. It was observed that the addition of sugar cane bagasse fibers to the PU increased impact resistance, Young's modulus, there was a decrease in elongation and hardness and that the addition of fibers maintained the maximum tension value. The water absorption test showed that the fibers increased water absorption and biodegradation compared to polyurethane, which is advantageous for the orthosis, as it causes less accumulation of water between the patient's skin and the orthosis and reduces problems of infections and wounds. The computational simulation showed that it would be possible to make an orthosis with the PU composite with sugarcane bagasse and that for that it would be necessary to optimize the design of the orthosis. The use of PU composite with sugarcane bagasse in the medical field is promising, as it is a non-toxic material, from a renewable source and that uses agro-industrial waste with low added value, also presenting the advantage of providing better comfort to the patient

Effect of costus lucanius bagasse fibre on fresh and hardened concrete using RSM modelling

This investigation purposes to use the recycling waste materials in concrete to produce a sustainable environment for construction. The Costus lucanius bagasse fiber (CLBF) was utilized as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to analyse the workability and mechanical properties of blended cement concrete. The concrete samples were made with the inclusion of 5–20% of CLBF at several w/c ratio by applying RSM modelling and optimization. Moreover, the cubical specimens were cast to study the compressive strength (CS), while beams were used to investigate the flexural strength (FS) on 28th days correspondingly. The outcomes show that the compressive and flexural strengths were decreased with rise in proportion replacement in concrete at various w/c ratio. The highest flexural and compressive strengths was attained at 5% of CLBF at 28 days respectively. Across the tested specimens, the values of compressive strength and flexural strength ranged from 30.20 to 53.92 N/mm2 and 2.15–8.81 N/mm2 for CLBF correspondingly. Besides, the workability and water absorption of concrete is getting decreased as the content of CLBF increases while it is recorded increasing as w/c ratio increases from 0.20 to 0.40. Furthermore, response model predictions were constructed and verified applying ANOVA at an acceptable level of significance of 95%. The coefficients of R2 for the mathematical models ranged from 98 to 99.99%. The research study also indicated that cement can be substituted by CLBF in the production of concrete for various construction purposes.

Study of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Environmentally Friendly Composites from Beer Bagasse.

The influence of bagasse fibres from beer manufacturing in mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties of three polymers (BioPE, PLA, and PP) has been studied in order to develop new environmentally friendly biocomposites for injection moulding applications. Totals of 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt% of bagasse fibre (BSG) were added to the polymers by extrusion compounding, adding specific compatibilising additives, and injected samples were mechanically characterised by tensile, Charpy impact, and hardness tests. In addition, the fractures obtained after the impact test were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess the compatibility matrix filler. Characterisation of the thermal properties is also carried out by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Additionally, melt flow index of the biocomposites is also studied. An increase in the rigidity of the BioPE and PP composites was produced with the increase in BSG content, dealing with a decrease in maximum strain and impact resistance; whereas, in the filled BGS PLA biocomposites, Young's modulus was lower than that of the PLA material, improving the ductility of the PLA-BGS formulations. Compatibilisation effect was, therefore, different in the nine developed formulations, and the BGS content also influenced their thermal, mechanical, and rheological behaviours.

Characteristics of surface modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose: application of esterification and oxidation reactions

Research on polymer matrix composites has become increasingly important in both the academic and industrial sectors. The study of polymer-natural fiber composites, known for their eco-friendly properties, has gained significance. Sugarcane bagasse fibers, abundant as discarded agricultural byproducts, offer improved properties such as density, rigidity, strength, and cost-effectiveness, enhancing sustainability. As a result, experiments were performed on cellulose fibers pre-treated from sugarcane bagasse using 5% NaOH solution by simply soaking them for 4–5 h followed by washing with water. Further modifications involved esterification using phthalic anhydride and phthaloyl chloride via steam baths at 90 °C and oxidation using sodium percarbonate with a phase transfer catalyst (Adogen) at 80 °C. These chemically altered cellulose fibers exhibited significant peak changes in the FTIR spectra, a reduced crystallinity index in the XRD pattern, increased thermal stability as evidenced by TGA curve, and improved surface roughness in the SEM analysis. This paper emphasizes successful pretreatment procedures for isolating cellulose fibers from sugarcane bagasse and introduces three chemical treatments for surface functionalization which might find applications in the preparation of biocomposites.

An entropy- TOPSIS approach to find PMMA/cellulose based biocomposite with optimum mechanical and bio-degradation properties

Poly methyl methacrylate based biocomposite has been manufactured using nanocellulose as reinforcement, which has been extracted from bagasse. The biocomposites are formed by bulk polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The composites are evaluated by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, mechanical properties, UV analysis, scanning electron microscope, polarizing light microscope and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Variation in properties is an inherent drawback of natural fibers, for which this MCDM technique is very effective to decipher, the biocomposite with optimum properties. It has been found that when the bagasse fiber is treated with 3.5 % of sodium chlorite solution, it can produce biocomposite with PMMA. It has been observed that, cellulose grafting takes place in the PMMA chain in presence of benzoyl peroxide. Further the work has been extended with loading variation of the said cellulose fibers and 1.5 % loading has been found as the best. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that these evaluations have been substantiated by Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique involving ENTROPY and TOPSIS approach and successfully selected 1.5 wt % loading to fabricate the optimum biocomposite. This composite exhibited around 13.5 % biodegradation within 90 days. This film can find application in packaging field.

Production of eco composites based on natural rubber and recycled sugarcane bagasse waste to be utilised as a type of food contact

Natural fibres are abundant, renewable, and biodegradable, which has inspired numerous academics worldwide to investigate their possible applications in various industrial fields. The food packaging sector is seeking bio-based and biodegradable substitutes to increase sustainability. In this study, new composites were prepared from natural rubber (NR) and sugarcane bagasse fibres (SCB) with different concentrations of SCB (0, 2.5, 5, 10 &20 phr). The effect of SCB on the properties of natural rubber was studied before and after the alkaline treatment of the fibres. The biocomposites are characterized using Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and dielectric measurements in addition to rheological and mechanical analysis. The overall migration test for biocomposites loaded with 20phr SCB was performed to assess the biocomposite’s safety as food contact materials. The study’s results indicated that, adding SCB improved the conductivity, tensile strength, and elongation at break of natural rubber. Alkaline treatment strengthened the bonding between the filler and matrix and improved biocomposites’ thermal dielectric and mechanical properties. The overall migration test indicated that the alkaline treatment increased the overall migration to simulants. Accordingly, alkaline-treated NR-SCB biocomposites are effective eco-friendly food packaging candidates for certain types of food such as aqueous non-acidic products.

Comparison of mechanical properties of bagasse fiber reinforced styrenic polymer composites

Comparison of mechanical properties of bagasse fiber reinforced styrenic polymer composites

Effect of utilising of sugarcane bagasse fibers on mechanical properties of composite materials ـــ a review

Effect of utilising of sugarcane bagasse fibers on mechanical properties of composite materials ـــ a review

Hybrid polymer composites of Terminalia chebula filler reinforced thermal and mechanical characterization of bagasse/tamarind seed

The development of manufacturing industries is crucial for national progress, with a growing emphasis on green and sustainable practices. This study investigates the development and performance of hybrid polymer composites based on poly lactic acid (PLA) reinforced with lignocellulosic fillers: bagasse fiber (BF), tamarind seed fiber (TSF), Terminalia chebula fiber (TCF), and a hybrid filler of bagasse, tamarind seed, and Terminalia chebula (BTSTCF). Five types of composites were fabricated with varying filler compositions: PLA, PLA/BF, PLA/TSF, PLA/TCF, and PLA/BTSTCF, consisting of 30% BF, TSF, or TCF with 70% PLA, and an additional 10% of each filler in the BTSTCF composite. The results demonstrated that the PLA/BTSTCF hybrid composite outperformed others regarding mechanical strength, thermal stability, and interfacial adhesion. Specifically, it exhibited superior flexural strength, impact strength, and tensile strength. The findings indicate that incorporating a combination of bagasse, tamarind seed, and Terminalia chebula fillers into PLA significantly enhances its properties and performance. This study contributes to advancing sustainable and green manufacturing practices and holds promise for economic growth through the development of high-performance, eco-friendly materials.

Variations in Size of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber as Raw Material for Making Environmentally Friendly Plates

Plastic is a material that is often used as a storage medium, equipment and also furniture to support human activities, but plastic is not easily broken down by the environment. Bioplastic technology is one of the efforts made to address the problem of plastic packaging which can pollute the environment. Environmentally friendly plates, bioplastic products made from tapioca, glycerol and sugar cane bagasse. This research aims to determine the effect of variations in the size of bagasse on tensile strength, elongation at break, water resistance and biodegradability of environmentally friendly plates and to obtain the best formulation of varying sizes of bagasse as raw material for making environmentally friendly plates. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely variation in the size of the bagasse. The results of this research show that there is a real influence between tensile strength, water resistance and biodegradability, however, in the elongation test, variations in bagasse did not have a significant effect. Tensile strength values range from 20.00 N/mm2 to 47.72 N/mm2. The largest elongation value is 4.08%. The highest water resistance is at room temperature, namely 88.86% with a degree of curvature of 16⁰ and in water with a temperature of 60⁰C, namely 85.02% with a degree of curvature of 18.75⁰. Variations in the size of bagasse also affect the biodegradability of environmentally friendly plates which ranges from 11.77% to 14.65%. The best treatment is a sample with a variety of bagasse sizes of 60 mesh, because it has high strength compared to other samples.

Properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch filled with treated and untreated sugarcane bagasse fiber

Sugarcane bagasse, comprising fibrous rind and spongy pith, is frequently employed as a reinforcing agent in both concrete and plastic composites. In thin plastic films, sugarcane bagasse is typically utilized as finely ground particles within the composite film. The integration of this agricultural byproduct into biodegradable plastic films could potentially lower production expenses and promote the film's biodegradability. This study presents the development of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) (90/10) formulations incorporating varying loadings of sugarcane bagasse fibers. The impact of alkaline and silane surface treatments on tensile strength, thermal properties, and water barrier properties was investigated. Upon the inclusion of sugarcane bagasse (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), a decrease in tensile strength from 23.47 to 8.41 MPa and elongation at break from 1135% to 55.83% was observed. Conversely, the Young's modulus increased from 47.12 to 188.50 MPa following the addition of 20% sugarcane bagasse in the PBAT/TPS matrix. Modest enhancements in tensile properties, thermal characteristics, and water barrier properties were noted after treating the bagasse fibers with alkaline and silane. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis revealed that silane-treated sugarcane bagasse exhibited increased surface roughness due to the removal of lignin and hemicellulose, facilitating better adhesion between the fibers and the PBAT/TPS matrix.

A novel acoustic micro-perforated panel (MPP) based on sugarcane fibers and bagasse

Natural materials are becoming a reliable alternative to traditional artificial materials used in sound absorption insulation. The present study was conducted to investigate the acoustic insulation of micro-perforated panel (MPP) based on sugarcane fibers and bagasse as an available and environmentally friendly material. The absorption properties of single- and double-leaf natural micro-perforated panels (MPP) made of bagasse and also nonnatural MPPs made of Plexiglass were measured using an impedance tube based on ISO 10534–2. Then the effect of bagasse and sugarcane fibers composite on the air gap of MPP was investigated. The results showed the peak sound absorption of the bagasse composite is in the range of 1000 to 2000 Hz, and the sugarcane fiber composite has a higher sound absorption coefficient than the bagasse composite. Also, natural MPPs have a higher absorption coefficient than nonnatural MPPs at all frequencies, and as the panel thickness increases, the peak absorption coefficient shifts to lower frequencies. The peak sound absorption coefficient of double-leaf MPPs made of bagasse is 76%, in the range of 160 to 200 Hz. Using sugarcane fiber composite in the air gap of single- and double-leaf natural MPPs causes the absorption peak to shift to frequencies below 100 Hz. According to the results, natural MPPs have a high sound absorption coefficient at low frequencies. These panels can control sounds with much lower frequencies, especially in a double layer and along with cane fiber composite in their air gap.

Enhancing epoxy composite materials through lime‐treated sugarcane bagasse and glass fiber reinforcement: Morphological, mechanical, and flame‐retardant insights

AbstractThis study investigates the utilization of sugarcane bagasse and glass fiber to reinforce epoxy composites, enhancing both mechanical and fire resistance properties. Initially, bagasse is collected, sun‐dried, and finely ground before being treated with lime water at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% by weight. The treated bagasse is then mixed with epoxy resin and a hardening agent, followed by a curing process. For samples incorporating glass fibers, the fibers are manually integrated and cured similarly. The methodology involved detailed preparation of the bagasse, its treatment, and subsequent integration with epoxy resin. The mixture was processed under controlled conditions to ensure uniformity and quality. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive strength, and impact resistance were measured. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to assess thermal stability, while fire resistance was evaluated using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and the 94‐V test method. Results demonstrated significant improvements in both mechanical and thermal properties with the addition of bagasse and glass fibers. The optimal treatment was identified at a 5% lime water concentration, yielding a tensile strength of 295.08 MPa, flexural strength of 371.24 MPa, compressive strength of 255.39 MPa, and Izod impact strength of 157.04 kJ/m2. TGA results showed the highest thermal stability at 5% concentration, with decomposition temperatures peaking at 402.52 °C. Fire resistance was markedly enhanced, achieving an LOI of 29.8% and meeting V2 level standards according to the 94‐V test method. In conclusion, treating sugarcane bagasse with a 5% lime water solution significantly enhances the mechanical and fire‐resistant properties of epoxy composites. The combination of sugarcane bagasse and glass fiber creates a robust material with high thermal stability and fire resistance, making it a viable option for applications requiring these enhanced properties.

Eco-friendly and Affordable Composites Based on Waste Rubber Loaded with Polypropylene and Bagasse Fibers for Flexible Flooring Tiles

Eco-friendly and Affordable Composites Based on Waste Rubber Loaded with Polypropylene and Bagasse Fibers for Flexible Flooring Tiles

Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Ampas Tebu Sebagai Tulangan Micro pada Beton

Based on this research, concrete has high compressive strength but low flexural strength. There-fore, the addition of sugarcane bagasse fibers is carried out as an additive to overcome the low flexural strength issue in concrete. This study aims to determine the effect of adding sugarcane bagasse fibers on the characteristics of concrete, including compressive and flexural strength. Fiber-reinforced concrete is a composite material consisting of regular concrete and other mate-rials, such as natural or artificial fibers. The method used in this research is an experimental method, adding 1% of sugarcane bagasse fibers by weight of cement to the normal concrete with a target strength of F'c 19.3 MPa and fiber length of 5 cm. The samples used in this research are concrete cylinders and beams tested using a Universal Testing Machine. The research results show that the optimum compressive strength of normal concrete is 20.36 MPa at 28 days of age. Meanwhile, for fiber-reinforced concrete BSTC and BSTH, the compressive strengths are 17.83 MPa and 16.49 MPa, respectively, indicating a decrease compared to the normal concrete. This decrease is attributed to the addition of sugarcane bagasse fibers, which are lightweight addi-tives and not solid aggregates, resulting in some voids in the sugarcane bagasse fibers. The re-sults of the flexural strength testing show that the optimum flexural strength of BSTC is 4.44 MPa, and for BSTH, it is 4.09 MPa, while the normal concrete (BN) only achieves 3.61 MPa. This is due to the increased bonding effect in concrete caused by the addition of fibers, which helps to resist the occurrence of cracks during flexural testing

Viscoelastic Performance of Bagasse/Glass Fiber Hybrid Epoxy Composites: Effects of Fiber Hybridization on Storage Modulus, Loss Modulus, and Damping Behavior

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the viscoelastic properties of bagasse/glass fiber multilayered hybrid reinforced epoxy composites, focusing on how fiber hybridization affects dynamic mechanical performance. Epoxy composites with various layering sequences, including all-glass (AG), all-bagasse (AB), bagasse-glass-bagasse (BGB), and glass-bagasse-glass (GBG), were fabricated and analyzed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to measure storage modulus (E'), loss modulus (E''), and damping factor (tan δ). The results showed that hybrid composites (GBG and BGB) experienced a decrease in storage modulus by approximately 25% compared to AG, indicating enhanced polymer molecular chain mobility and improved interfacial adhesion between bagasse fibers and the epoxy matrix. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was slightly lower in hybrid composites, with GBG at 61 °C and BGB at 60 °C, compared to 62 °C for AG. In terms of energy dissipation, AG exhibited the highest loss modulus peak at 62 °C, while AB showed the lowest with a Tg at 53 °C. The damping factor analysis revealed that AB had the highest damping peak (tan δ = 0.9) at 61 °C, although this occurred at a lower temperature than the AG composite (tan δ = 0.7 at 76 °C). These findings suggest that bagasse and glass fiber hybrid composites offer tailored viscoelastic properties, making them suitable for applications in automotive components, aerospace structures, and sports equipment.

Wood Fiber-Based Triboelectric Material with High Filtration Efficiency and Antibacterial Properties and Its Respiratory Monitoring in Mask.

Self-powered wearable electronic products have rapidly advanced in the fields of sensing and health monitoring, presenting greater challenges for triboelectric materials. The limited surface polarity and structural defects in wood fibers restrict their potential as substitutes for petroleum-based materials. This study used bagasse fiber as the raw material and explored various methods, including functionalizing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with polydopamine (PDA), in situ embedding of silver particles, filtration, and freeze-drying. These methods aimed to enhance the triboelectric output, antibacterial properties, and filtration properties of lignocellulosic materials. The Ag/PDA/CNF-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) demonstrated an open-circuit voltage of 211 V and a short-circuit current of 18.1 μA. An aerogel prepared by freeze-drying the Ag/PDA/CNF material, combined with a polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber structure fabricated by electrospinning, constitutes the TENG unit. A self-powered respiratory detection mask was created using this combination, achieving a filtration efficiency of 94.23% for 0.3 μm particles and an antibacterial rate exceeding 99%. In addition, it effectively responded to respiratory frequency signals of slow breathing, normal breathing, and shortness of breath, with the output electrical signal correlating with the respiratory frequency. This study considerably contributes to advancing wood fiber-based triboelectric materials as alternatives to petroleum-derived materials in self-powered wearable electronic products for medical applications.

ALKALINE TREATMENT OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE FIBERS FOR BIOCOMPOSITE APPLICATIONS

This study investigates the mechanical, structural, morphological, and thermal properties of chemically treated and untreated sugarcane bagasse fibers (SCB). Various concentrations of NaOH were used for the treatment over four hours. The main goal was to investigate the impact of alkali treatment on the overall properties of SCB fibers intended for composite applications. The results indicated that the crystallinity index, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were improved with the treatment, and this is due to the removal of impurities initially present on the outer surface of the SCB fiber and the reduction of amorphous components. This improvement may facilitate better adhesion between the SCB fibers and the polymeric matrices in biocomposite applications. However, it is important to determine the optimal concentration of NaOH that improves the properties of the SCB fiber without damaging the fiber’s structure.

Effect of natural Sapindus mukorossi treatment process on bio-waste bagasse fibers for biocomposite fabrication and application purposes

In the present research investigation, a novel natural treatment technique consists of Sapindus mukorossi and citric acid was used to treat the fibers as an alternative to conventional chemical treatments that can have adverse effects on both the environment and human health. The fibers were treated with natural solution for varying time intervals of 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h, and reinforced with poly-lactic acid using injection moulding machine. The thermal, mechanical and moisture absorption properties of developed naturally treated biocomposites were examined through FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical analysis to explore the optimal treatment period. The optimal treatment period for the fibers was determined to be 72 h, during which overall properties of biocomposite were observed highest. The biocomposites fabricated with 72 h of treatment exhibited 16.8 % improvement in tensile modulus and 22.8 % increment in flexural modulus as compared to untreated fiber biocomposites. Furthermore, the highest levels of water absorption and impact strength were achieved through treatment duration of 96 h and 48 h, resulting in significant improvements of 63.2 % and 22.2 %, respectively. The assessment of surface characteristics was carried out through the use of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Influence of adhesive on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of corrugated fibres composite roofing from bagasse fibre in the sugar industry

Influence of adhesive on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of corrugated fibres composite roofing from bagasse fibre in the sugar industry