Bagasse Dust Research Articles

Bagasse dust exposure and chronic respiratory symptoms among workers in the Metehara and Wonji sugar factories in Ethiopia: a longitudinal study design

BackgroundEthiopia’s sugar factories are growing by creating job opportunities for thousands of workers with varying educational, professional and socioeconomic backgrounds. These sugar factories are a source of several hazards that...

Bagasse dust exposure and chronic respiratory health symptoms among workers in the sugar factories in Ethiopia: a longitudinal study design

Bagasse dust exposure and chronic respiratory health symptoms among workers in the sugar factories in Ethiopia: a longitudinal study design

The influence of moisture content on dust generation in falling curtains of sugarcane bagasse fiber

Bagasse fiber, typically containing 50% moisture, is burned to generate electricity and steam. Pre-combustion drying of fiber increases boiler energy efficiency and steam production, and has been demonstrated to reduce environmental impacts. However, uncertainty surrounding dust explosions are limiting its uptake and bagasse dust has potentially harmful health impacts. Here we propose new methods to assist in assessing dust liberation in bagasse fiber drying. Quantification of liberated combustible dust from bagasse fiber across a typical range of post-drying moisture contents (30 to 45 wt%) was undertaken. Laser diffraction and sieving techniques were used to characterise bagasse fiber and dust particle size distributions, as well as quantify the mass fraction of dust liberated during cascading drying operations. Moisture content was found to significantly influence the liberation of combustible dust, defined as particles in the sub-425 μm range. Drying from 45 to 30% moisture led to a 260% increase in liberated dust particles. Image analysis of dust clouds in falling fiber curtains were used to qualitatively assess and confirm the observations from the dust liberation sieving method. Scanning electron microscope imaging and dust particle specific surface area analysis provide further valuable insights into bagasse material properties that contribute to increased risk during drying.

Evaluation of Chemo-Micobial Methods for Cellulose Hydrolysis in Sugarcane Bagasse and Saw Dust

Evaluation of Chemo-Micobial Methods for Cellulose Hydrolysis in Sugarcane Bagasse and Saw Dust

Bagassosis, rare cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis: A case report

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), also called extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is a respiratory syndrome involving the lung parenchyma specifically the alveoli, terminal bronchioles and alveolar interstitium. HP is caused by delayed allergic reaction to variety of antigens like microbes, animal proteins, and low-molecular-weight chemicals. Bagassosis is one such HP caused by repetitive inhalation of bagasse. Though use of bagasse as cause of HP is known, use of bagasse in brick- kiln factory as fuel and its association with HP has not been well documented. We report a case of HP in a brick-kiln worker where bagasse was used as fuel. A twenty-five years old man, working in a brick kiln for five years, presented with complaints of dry cough, low grade fever and weight loss for one month. He had bilateral lower lobe crackles on auscultation. The history of bagasse, clay and coal dust exposure, clinical presentation and imaging were suggestive of HP. However, being endemic in India, pulmonary tuberculosis was ruled out by negative Mantoux test, sputum for acid fast bacilli and Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test. He was managed with corticosteroids and symptomatic treatment with good response and resolution of clinical signs and radiological changes.

Development of new Nanocomposite by using bagasse dust and polyaniline for removal of heavy metal ions from Pharma industry effluent

Nanotechnology has given the opportunity to the researcher for developing new nano-composites in all field including, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, electronics and other fields. In this study agriculture waste material like bagasse dust has been combined with polyaniline to prepare new Nano composites. So formed Nano composite was characterised by using XRD, FTIR and SEM. SEM confirmed the Nanocomposite formation with size in the range of 100-130 nm. Such nanocomposites were used in the removal of dyes and heavy metals from industrial effluent. About 80-99% heavy metals could be removed through adsorption successfully.

Defluoridation of Groundwater using Low Cost Adsorbent like Bagasse Dust, Aluminium Treated Bagasse Flyash, Bone Powder and Shell Powder

Excessive fluoride concentrations have been reported in groundwaters of more than 20 developed and developing countries including India where 19 states are facing acute fluorosis problems. Various technologies are being used to remove fluoride from water but still the problem has not been rooted out. The present study was undertaken for the determination of fluoride ions in drinking water in the Agra's urban as well as rural region. Batch tests on groundwater samples from the different sites as St. John's College Chemistry Department, Trans Yamuna, Gokulpura and Dareshi that contained 2.0, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.2 mg/l of fluoride respectively were conducted using bagasse dust (BD), bagasse flyash (BF), aluminium treated bagasse flyash (ABF), buffalo bone powder (BP) and clam shell powder (SP). The tests were also carried out with 1.9, 3.8, 4.75 and 9.50 mg/l NaF solutions. The work aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using these biomaterials for the removal of fluoride ions from groundwater to make it fit for drinking or industrial use. Defluoridation was in the order of SP > BP > ABF > BF > BD over a wide range of initial concentration 1-10 mg/l at sorbent dose range 1-20 g/l, pH 6.0, temperature 25°C, rpm 150 for 5 h. The sorption increased with increasing contact time and sorbent dose but the equilibrium was attained after 4 h for most of the sorbents. Groundwater samples showed 2 to 10% lower removal as compared to standard NaF solutions under similar conditions. The clam shell was found to be the best of all the fluoride removing agents studied here.

PEMANFAATAN ABU BAGASSE SEBAGAI FILLER TERHADAP NILAI MARSHALL TEST PADA CAMPURAN ASPHALT TREATED BASE ( ATB )

Solidity construction of road of Indonesia generally are flexible solidity construction. One ofkind flexible solidity are solidity of ATB ( Asphalt Treated Base ) layer that give fundamental layerfunction that under surface layer which support and spread load along with place to put surfacelayer. Trial to asphalt are follow : penetration, flexible point, ductility, while trial of agregate follow: kind heavy ang agregate absorption, analysis of agregate filler. The thing of test trial of optimumasphalt degree is devided 5 variation namely 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5% and 7% wich each groups aremade 5 different sample with weight each 1200 gram. The optimum asphalt degree which be got6.5%. The thing of test trial of optimum asphalt by filler Bagasse Dust are made 11 groups by fillerdegree 6.42% early which be made 0% up to 90% of Bagasse dust according to weight with 10%interval, by each groups are made 3 samples. The study result showed that three are influence ofusing Bagasse dust as filler to Marshall Test value. Stability is shown by equation Y = 1672.5 +17.544 X – 0.2336 X2 gotten optimum Bagasse dust degree about 37.59% by stability value are2001.033 kg. The flow value is shown by equation Y = 4.05 + ( 2.7 E – 3 ) X – ( 1 E – 4 ) X2 byoptimum Bagasse dust degree about 13.5% is gotten flow value 4.05%. The hole in ATB compoundis shown by equation Y = 4.102 + ( 0.04 ) X – ( 5 E – 4 ) X2 is gotten optimum Bagasse dust about40% by air hole about 4.90%. To Marshall Quotient value may be shown by equation Y = 4.007 +( 0.046 ) X – ( 5 E – 4 ) X2 by optimum Bagasse dust degree about 46% by Marshall Quotient valueare 5.06 kN/mm.Key word : Asphalt Treated Base ( ATB ), Bagasse Dust.

MAGUEY BAGASSE WASTE AS SUSTAINABLE SUBSTRATE IN SOILLESS CULTURE BY MELON AND TOMATO CROP

The soilless culture of vegetables in protected environments has increased in southern Mexico. However, the use of materials such as mineral wool or perlite as substrates is expensive and unsustainable. Therefore, the use of alternative, local materials such as the waste from mescal and coconut industries, including maguey (Agave spp.) bagasse, coconut fruit fiber and dust, as well as non-metallic mining products, such as vermiculite, is desirable. In this study, the physical, chemical and biological properties of vermiculite, coconut fiber, and maguey bagasse were determined, and their potential for cultivating melons (c.v. ‘Magno F1’) and tomatoes (Mill. c.v. ‘Don Raúl’) was evaluated. Moreover, 13 different substrates, based on combinations of the aforementioned materials, were analyzed. Materials were characterized at the Oaxaca Unit of the National Polytechnic Institute, and experiments were conducted in a multi-tunnel greenhouse in a randomized block design. Results indicated that materials possessed a narrow particle size distribution, where the lowest percent weight was observed for coarse particles (>2 mm), resulting in a low coarseness index. Alternatively, the highest percent weight was observed in medium particles (0.25 mm). Values of apparent density, total porosity, electrical conductivity, and germination rate of lettuce seeds were acceptable for soilless substrates. The highest yield of tomatoes (12.4 kg m−2) was observed on a substrate composed of 25% coconut dust and 75% vermiculite. In contrast, a mixture of 25% maguey bagasse and 75% vermiculite produced the highest yield of melons (3.1 kg m−2). Moreover, the concentration of total soluble solids was not affected by the substrates. In conclusion, mixtures of maguey bagasse and/or coconut dust with vermiculite are superior to pure materials and can be used for the soilless cultivation of melons and tomatoes.

Concentrations and Size Distribution of Inhalable and Respirable Dust Among Sugar Industry Workers

There has been very limited information regarding bagasse exposure among workers in sugar industries as well as on health outcomes. The authors determined the occupational exposure of sugar industry workers in Khon Kaen to airborne bagasse dust. The size of the bagasse dust ranged from 0.08 to 9 µm with the highest size concentration of 2.1 to 4.7 µm. The most common size had a geometric mean diameter of 5.2 µm, with a mass concentration of 6.89 mg/m(3)/log µm. The highest mean values of inhalable and respirable dust were found to be 9.29 mg/m(3) from February to April in bagasse storage, 5.12 mg/m(3) from May to September, and 4.12 mg/m(3) from October to January. Inhalable dust concentrations were 0.33, 0.47, and 0.41 mg/m(3), respectively. Workers are likely to be exposed to high concentrations of bagasse dust and are at risk of respiratory diseases. Preventive measures, both in the form of engineering designs and personal protective devices, should be implemented.

Effects of Soil Moisture and Temperature on Decomposition Rates of Some Waste Materials from Agriculture and Agro-industry

The effect of soil moisture and temperature on decomposition of waste materials, bagasse, coir dust, rice chaff and rice straw, in soil were examined by measuring the decrease in weight of and CO2 generation from each waste material. The rate of the decrease in weight increased as temperature rose, and was highest in rice straw followed by bagasse, rice chaff and coir dust in this order, irrespective of soil moisture and temperature level. In all waste materials, the rate of decrease in weight was highest in the soil holding the water equivalent to field capacity (saturated soil) followed by submerged soil and dry soil in this order. CO2 generation rate was also highest in rice straw followed by bagasse, rice chaff and coir dust. It was highest in saturated soil followed by half-saturated or submerged soil and dry soil in this order. The rate of CO2 generation from rice straw in saturated soil was highest at the initial period of incubation and it decreased thereafter, but the rate in submerged soil was highest at 40 and 20 days after the start of incubation at 20 and 35ºC, respectively. The rate of CO2 generation from coir dust and rice chaff was very low at all soil moisture levels at either 20 or 35ºC. The content of total N in the waste materials was positively and significantly correlated with the rate of decrease in weight in saturated and submerged soils at a moderate temperature (Oct. – Dec.), and in submerged soil at a high temperature (Aug. – Oct.). It was also significantly correlated with CO2 generation rate in submerged soil at 20ºC. Holocellulose and hemicellulose contents were negatively and significantly correlated with CO2 generation rate in dry soil at 20ºC. Lignin content was also significantly and negatively correlated with CO2 generation in dry soil at 35ºC.

Bagassosis: A Histopathologic Study of Pulmonary Biopsies from Six Cases

Bagassosis is an occupational disease of the lung that results from the inhalation of bagasse dust. Histopathologic findings in the lungs of six patients with bagassosis are described in detail. The following changes were seen: proliferation of alveolar macrophages and of large mononuclear cells with histochemical characteristics of granular pneumocytes, foreign body granulomas, inflammatory changes in the bronchioles, and fibrosis. Silica, a normal component of bagasse, is strongly implicated in the pathogenetic mechanism of bagassosis.

Pulmonary function at rest and during exercise following bagassosis.

Miller, G. J., Hearn, C. E. D., and Edwards, R. H. T. (1971).Brit. J. industr. Med.,28, 152-158. Pulmonary function at rest and during exercise following bagassosis. Lung function and exercise responses were investigated in two groups of Indian bagasse workers to assess whether there were any permanent sequelae following regular exposure to bagasse dust in a group of 12 men who had developed bagassosis and a group of six who had not. Ventilatory capacity, lung volumes, single breath carbon monoxide transfer factor (TF), diffusion capacity of the alveolar-capillary membrane (Dm), and volume of blood in the pulmonary capillaries (Vc) were measured, and then exercise responses were investigated with a cycle ergometer. The ventilatory response to hypercapnia was assessed by a modified re-breathing method. The group of 12 patients had small but significant reductions in lung volumes, TF, and Dm 7 to 10 years after the acute episode. The ventilatory responses to exercise and hypercapnia were increased but exercise capacity was normal and limited by the cardiovascular responses. Exercise hyperventilation was the likely explanation for the exertional dyspnoea in this group. Six of a group of workers who had been regularly exposed to mouldy bagasse dust without developing bagassosis and had a significant reduction in ventilatory capacity during exposure were found to have normal lung function and exercise responses two years after withdrawal from bagasse. Immunological reactivity to an extract of Thermoactinomycetes vulgaris was found to have subsided after withdrawal from bagasse dust, although it can persist for six years. In a single case, disodium cromoglycate failed to suppress the late systemic reaction provoked by the inhalation test.

The Pathogenicity of Bagasse, II. Effect on Rabbits of Prolonged Exposure to Bagasse.

ConclusionsThese experimental and comparative studies permit the conclusion that the inorganic part of the inhaled bagasse dust produces a long-standing tissue reaction which is primarily a foreign body response. It is unlike silicosis and amenable to healing by resolution. Superimposed on these lesions there occurs in those animals which are more susceptible to the causative microorganisms acute bronchiolitic and pneumonic changes which, if sufficiently extensive, may cause death of the animal. A similar combination of etiologic factors seems to be the most plausible explanation of the complex picture of human bagasse disease.Summary. Bagasse irrespective of the route ol administration, produces a complex and frequently progressive inflammatory reaction of the exposed animal. By employing native, in contrast to autoclaved bagasse and its extracted resins and minerals, it could be demonstrated that the fiber itself calls forth a long-standing foreign body reaction which is amenable to healing. The progres...

Bagasse Disease of the Lungs

Bagasse is the name given to sugar cane after it has been crushed and the juice has been extracted. The term was originally used in Provence, France, to refer to the refuse from the olive-oil mills. Bagasse disease of the lungs, or bagassosis, is a pulmonary disorder brought about by the inhalation of dried bagasse dust. It is a rare disease, with only some 30 to 40 cases reported in the medical literature, having been first described in 1941 by Jamison and Hopkins (8), of New Orleans. So far as is known today, the disease occurs only in people who have been exposed to the inhalation of dried bagasse dust. Industrial engineers have been aware that exposure to the dust was an industrial hazard, but very few physicians are cognizant of this fact. The fibers of bagasse are tough and possess insulating properties, which explains its use in the manufacture of acoustical and thermal insulating building boards and materials. More recently it has been used in the production of refractory brick. Two factors are la...