Bacteriological Indicators Research Articles

Pathogen Contamination of Groundwater Affecting Drinking Water Quality with Potential Health Effects in Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan

Groundwater is becoming increasingly important as surface water is decreasing and becoming more and more polluted. In particular, rural areas in the arid region of Central Asia face problems with both water quantity and quality. In view of this, we investigated the drinking water quality in the Maysky district in the Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan. The organoleptic properties, together with microbiological indicators, as well as organic and inorganic substances of drinking water before and after treatment, and tap water were studied and compared to recommended levels. The bacteriological indicators of the drinking water, especially, showed that the water represents health risks since the presence of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed. Water treatment reduced the total microbial count (TMC) indicator by 3.6 times. However, TMC still exceeded permissible levels in the tap water, indicating that the drinking water is sanitary and epidemiologically not acceptable. Pathogenic contamination of drinking water can severely affect weaker individuals and children. It has been estimated that the infant mortality rate in Kazakhstan is six times higher as compared to the EU and less than 30% of Kazakhstan’s population have access to safe water. Also, 50% of the population drink water that does not comply with the international standards, e.g., bacteriological levels. Thus, it is important to continuously monitor the groundwater quality to minimize health risks and work towards access to safe drinking water, in line with the UN SDGs.

Water Treatment Stage Impacts on the Occurrence of Bacteriological Indicators and their Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index

Water Treatment Stage Impacts on the Occurrence of Bacteriological Indicators and their Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index

Isolation of Pathogenic Cronobacter Species as Bacteriological Risks Indicator in Powdered Infant Formula Available to Deprived Infants in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria.

Powdered infant formula (PIF) is rich in nutrients that support the survival and growth of bacteria that trigger food safety disorders in deprived infants through life-threatening illnesses. The study aims to examine and identify the incidence of pathogenic bacteria of concern in PIF upon reconstitution in lukewarm water. A total of 172 samples consisting of 38 brands of PIF available in the Lagos metropolis were sampled, suspended in water (10g in 100mL), and bacteria strains were isolated using combinational enrichment and selective culture techniques. Pure bacterial strains were characterized and identified based on their physiology and 16S rRNA gene sequence homology. While 85 bacterial strains were isolated from the enriched culture system, 20 strains were selectively isolated based on tolerance to sodium deoxycholate. Approximately 13% of the selected bacteria were identified as Cronobacter spp., exhibiting virulence traits including extracellular protease production, coagulation and proteolysis of casein, haem-agglutination, and β-haemolysis of human blood. Approximately 82% of the Cronobacter strains tolerated NaCl (10%) and bile salt; and exhibited resistance to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid antibiotics. The presence of Cronobacter spp. in 13% of the PIF brands available to infants calls for concern about the safety of deprived infants that might be fed with such PIF. Consequently, PIF safety alerts need to be activate while further studies on critical points at which the pathogens get introduced to the PIFs need to be identified.

WATER RESOURCES OF THE KHOROSTKIV TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY: ECOLOGICAL STATUS, WATER USE PROBLEMS, OPTIMISATION MEASURES

The article analyses the ecological state of surface water resources of the Khorostkiv territorial community (ТС). According to the results of laboratory tests, pathogenic microorganisms, bacteriological indicators exceeding the regulatory requirements, faecal contamination and high content of organic matter were detected in the surface water bodies of the Khorostkiv TC. In addition to the pollution of surface water bodies in the Khorostkiv TC, an important environmental problem worth paying attention to is the lack of sanitary protection and water protection zones for rivers and ponds, as well as the littering of the coastal strip. It was found that the water supply network of the Khorostkiv territorial community includes only the water supply network of the town of Khorostkiv (30 km, unsatisfactory condition), since there are no centralised water supply systems in rural settlements. In the sources of centralised water supply in Khorostkiv, the levels of ammonium nitrogen and colour are exceeded. Hydrochemical analysis of water samples from private wells in Khorostkiv and the villages of Peremyliv and Khlopivka confirmed compliance with the requirements of SanR&R № 400. The volume of daily water consumption and water disposal was analysed. The main sources of pollution of the community's water resources and the volume of wastewater discharges were identified. Priority areas for improving the ecological state of water resources of the Khorostkiv community are substantiated. Keywords: surface water, groundwater, pollutants, water supply, water disposal, territorial community (ТС).

Seasonal assessment of groundwater quality in the Al Hoceima region, northern Morocco: Physicochemical parameters and fecal contamination indicators

AbstractThis study focuses on assessing the seasonal variation in groundwater quality within the Al‐Hoceima region, specifically examining physicochemical parameters and bacteriological indicators of water fecal contamination. The sampling campaign took place during the wet and dry seasons of 2019 and 2021. In situ measurements were conducted on 37 groundwater samples to determine the physicochemical parameters, while bacteriological analyses were performed using Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a fecal contamination indicator. The findings demonstrate significant variations in physicochemical parameters across seasons and reveal fecal contamination of the groundwater, predominantly indicated by increased levels of E. coli during wet periods. Possible contributing factors include water surface runoff and percolation processes. Additionally, the result showed a high concentration of E. coli expected 240 CFU/100 mL. Pollution was higher in the dry season than in the wet season. These results underscore the poor quality of the water in the Al Hoceima region, necessitating treatment before consumption.

Effect of Biocid® as a Feed Additive on Growth, Blood, Immunity and Bacteriological Indices of Chicken Broilers

Effect of Biocid® as a Feed Additive on Growth, Blood, Immunity and Bacteriological Indices of Chicken Broilers

Assessment of Water Treatment Processes and Quality Parameters at the Al Hoceima Desalination Plant

Water is a vital resource essential for sustaining life and supporting human development. In the face of increasing population growth, urbanization, and environmental challenges, ensuring access to clean and safe drinking water remains a global priority. This study focuses on assessing the efficacy of water treatment processes at the Al Hoceima Desalination Plant in Morocco, examining various parameters to evaluate water quality improvement. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, and dissolved oxygen, as well as bacteriological indicators including Escherichia coli, intestinal enterococci, coliforms, specific growth rates at 22°C and 37°C, and clostridia spores, were analyzed. The study aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of advanced treatment technologies in producing potable water and ensuring a sustainable water supply. Results indicate significant improvements in water quality following treatment processes, highlighting the importance of reverse osmosis in meeting water quality standards and addressing water scarcity challenges.

Preservation and Handling Practices of Household Drinking Water in Ahmedabad city with special reference to Bacterial Contamination and Diarrheal Episode in Children: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Safe drinking water is essential for healthy human life. Presence of coliform organism, E. coli in particular, has been found to be the most specific bacteriological indicator of faecal contamination. Studying their preservation and handling practices of household drinking water, its contamination and diarrheal episodes in children is very necessary for hygiene promotion intervention. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at urban field practice area of community medicine department B.J.M.C, Ahmedabad in year 2020-2021. Total 168 Drinking water samples were collected from each household and tested at microbiology department. Information regarding household characteristics, preservation and handling practices of drinking water were gathered from mother using pre-tested and pre-designed proforma. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using Epi-info Software. Result: Out of 168 households studied, 165(98.2%) households used matka / earthen pot and 161(95.8%) used narrow necked covered container to preserve drinking water. Only in 10 (5.8%) households’ water was filtered with folded cotton cloth at the time of collection. 101 (60%) water containers did have tap while 67 (39.8%) didn’t have it. 4/168 (2.3%) samples were bacteriologically not acceptable for drinking purpose. Conclusion: Narrow necked coveredmatka (earthen pot) was the most commonly used container to preserve drinking water. Though prevalence of bacterial contamination and ADD episodes in under five child were low due to pre-treated piped water supply, diarrhoeal morbidity is more in household where broad necked, non tapped containers used. Education of mother has positive impact on preservation and handling practices of drinking water. Keywords: Preservation, Handling, Drinking water, Coliform, Diarrheal episode, Under 5 children

Hygienic assessment of potential health risks for the population of Ukraine and the Kharkiv region as a result of the deterioration of drinking water supply in the conditions of war

Water plays a key role in ensuring the social and ecological well-being of the population of any state. At the same time, fresh water as a resource and related water infrastructure are among the most vulnerable sectors during armed conflicts. In this regard, it is relevant to study the impact of the armed conflict on water supply and the water system of Ukraine.
 The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of military actions on the state of drinking water supply in Ukraine and the Kharkiv region and its potential impact on the state of health of the local population.
 Materials and methods. Weekly reports of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, reports of the Ministry of Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories and Internally Displaced Persons of Ukraine, reports of Ukrainian regional military administrations, and a report of the Kharkiv Laboratory Center on the analysis of the state of drinking water supply in the settlements of the Kharkiv region and the city were used as the main source of information.
 Results. As a result of the conducted analytical research, various types of influence of military operations on the water supply system of Ukraine were revealed. An increase in the level of surface water pollution has been established, in particular due to sunken military facilities and emissions of chemical substances as a result of shelling. Several impacts have been identified as potential threats, including flooding due to damage to dams, threats related to nuclear power plants, incidents of periodic flooding of underground mines, possible detonation of chlorine tanks in the area of wastewater treatment plants, and sea mine explosions in the Danube Delta. The results of the conducted research revealed that the quality of drinking water in the water supply systems of some settlements of Ukraine does not meet the hygienic requirements in terms of bacteriological, sanitary-chemical and radiation indicators. High concentrations of metals and their compounds entering the tissues of the body in the form of an aqueous solution pose a particular danger to the health of the population
 Conclusion. As a result of Russia's armed aggression, wastewater treatment systems were disrupted, which led to an increase in the pollution of surface water sources

Критеріальна оцінка шкідливої дії промислових відходів різних галузей за міжнародними стандартами

Aim: to define the criteria of estimation of harmful action of industrial wastes by the different ways of entering organism. Objects and research methods. The objects of the study were industrial waste from various branches of enterprises. Research methods: sanitary-chemical, toxicological, radiological, biological: according to bacteriological and helminthological indicators, the method of hygienic analysis. Results of research and their discussion. The study of industrial waste from various branches of origin made it possible to establish that the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of waste determine the effects of their action on the body and are one of the important criteria for harmful effects on the health of the population. Red sludge - waste in the form of a powdery mass of finely dispersed particles), highly volatile, has a high ability to form dust. The content of toxic compounds of heavy metals in the form of hydroxides (pH - 11.7) characterizes the waste as dangerous when entering the body by inhalation, oral and percutaneous means. Thermal energy waste - fly ash, ash-slag mixtures, slurries containing toxic compounds of metals, mainly vanadium, differ in physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition, which determines their dangerous properties. When inhaled into the body, such waste belongs to class II - highly dangerous substances. Waste from the tailings depository of the Ingulets Mining and Processing Plant is characterized by a high content of toxic iron compounds (Fe - 14.5%) and a dust factor, which is the most dangerous for atmospheric air pollution with a harmful effect on human respiratory organs. For waste of organic origin, the most important evaluation criterion is biological (microbiological and helminthological) indicators, which guarantee the degree of epidemiological safety of such waste. The results of our research allow us to state that industrial waste from the most common industries is characterized by hazardous properties, the predominant factor of which is the dust factor, which must be taken into account when handling such waste, and the introduction of modern dust suppression technologies. It is also necessary to take into account that in the waste composition of even one branch of industry, chemical compounds are characterized by various negative effects on the body. Therefore, a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of waste with the determination of its dangerous properties according to medical criteria, establishing the hazard class of waste in various ways of entering the body is the basis for preventing their negative impact on the health of the population, which will contribute to the development of measures for controlled waste management. Conclusions. Taking into account the hazardous properties of waste according to medical criteria is an important factor necessary for conducting a comprehensive sanitary-epidemiological assessment of industrial waste and developing measures for controlled waste management.

Dysbiotic changes in the intestines under the influence of exogenous biological determinants

Introduction. Data were obtained on the difference in the quantitative and specific composition of intestinal microbiota bacteria in practically healthy individuals with subclinical invasions by pathogenic intestinal protozoa Lamblia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis. Сhanges in bacterial composition were shown to have characterological features and species-specific «targets» of intestinal microbiota destruction. 
 Material and methods. Bacteriological and parasitological research methods were used. For a comparative analysis of quantitative and specific changes in the symbiotic microflora, there were formed two groups: “Yes” and “No” for each type of pathogenic protozoa, bacteriological indicators were ranked by quantitative content — CFU “0–103”, CFU “103–10max”, CFU “10max”. Statistical differences in research results were determined by the Chi-square calculation method. 
 Results. Antagonistic activity of unicellular protozoa in relation to the symbiotic bacterial intestinal microflora in the examined population groups has a different degree of severity depending on the type of invasion. Parasitic pathogens were shown to inhibit up to 40% of the quantitative and 50% of the species composition of the intestinal microflora and are an aggressive biogenic factor in the destruction of biota. There are no limitations of the study. 
 Limitations. The studies had no methodological or administrative restrictions.
 Conclusion. For the first time, significant statistical material has confirmed that asymptomatic parasitosis is a strong biogenic determinant of the development of destructive changes in the integral structure of the symbiotic microflora and the formation of a subclinical form of dysbiosis in an “almost healthy contingent” of the population. The asymptomatic carriage of Blastocysts spp. was found to have a more pronounced antagonistic effect on the bacterial composition of the intestinal microbiota than the presence of L. intestinalis, Blastocysts spp., form intestinal dysbiosis more aggressively, which indicates a greater pathogenic potential of B. hominis in the formation of intestinal pathology in humans.

Assessment of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) Status and Water Qualities Using Physicochemical and Bacteriological Indices at Automobile Spare-Parts Markets in Benin City, Nigeria

Global focus is currently on water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) due its public health and environmental significance. The aim of this study was to investigate the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene status of Uwelu and Evbareke spare parts markets in Benin City. Questionnaires were administered to evaluate the WaSH status of the markets. Physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of borehole water samples at the spare parts markets were investigated adopting standard analytical procedures and pour plate techniques respectively. Findings revealed that the pH values of Uwelu and Evbareke ranged from 5.28 - 5.29 and 4.78 - 5.11 respectively. The highest concentration of chloride was observed in Evbareke samples (49.70 mg/l) while that of nitrate and BOD5 were 2.06mg/l in Evbareke and 0.88mg/l in Uwelu respectively. Comparing the value recorded in this study with WHO recommended standard which is 0.01-0.015mg/l, the mean value for Evbareke spare-parts market exceeded the recommended limit for lead at 0.02±0.025 mg/l. Total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 3.1 - 4.4 × 102 cfu/ml and 3.1 - 2.9 × 102 cfu/ml (Evbareke). The total coliform counts in Uwelu and Evbareke spare parts markets ranged from 4 - 9 MPN/ml and 0 - 20 MPN/ml. The array of bacteria isolates was Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp. Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus spp. Findings from this study suggest the urgent need to improve water safety, sanitation and hygiene policy of these studied popular automobile spare-parts markets in Benin City, Edo State.

Evaluation of the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of chicken meat and semi-finished products

This article presents research on sanitary and bacteriological evaluation of the quality of semi-finished chicken meat and whole chicken carcasses sold in Kostanay. The quality of products was evaluated by organoleptic, biochemical and bacteriological indicators. A total of 32 samples were analyzed, including whole chicken carcasses of domestic poultry and industrial chicken carcasses, as well as semi-finished chicken products (shank, thigh, wings on a substrate). During organoleptic and biochemical analysis of the quality of the samples 5 samples did not meet the requirements of normative documents. Sanitary and bacteriological examination showed excess of total microbial contamination. In a sample of imported semi-finished products the presence of Bacteroidetes was detected. Salmonella and L. monocytogenes bacteria were identified in two samples of domestic chicken. In order to facilitate faster identification of pathogens in food, chromogenic selective media were used, which have a high sensitivity and facilitate their identification. Due to the presence of markers of specific enzymatic activity, the colonies of the bacteria in question are stained with a characteristic colour and the growth of extraneous microflora is inhibited. The use of modern nutrient media saves time for routine laboratory tests.

Effects of processing on bacteriological, proximate, hydrocarbon content and organoleptic indices of Scomber scombrus

Effects of boiling, smoking and frying on the organoleptic quality, bacteriological count, proximate composition and total hydrocarbon contents of Scomber scombrus fish sold in Ikot Ekpene Metropolis were investigated. Fillets of fresh S. scombrus were made, and processed by smoking, boiling and frying methods. Portions of the fish sample were aliquoted, and used to carry out sensory evaluation, plating aliquots of diluents onto nutrient agar plates (for total viable count (TVC), and on Manitol Salt agar (for total staphylococcal count (TSC). Standard methods were used to determine moisture, ash, total lipids and crude protein contents. Total hydrocarbon content was determined by toluene extraction and measurement of absorbance of filtrate spectrophotometrically. Sensory quality obtained using smoke-drying and frying methods scored significantly higher than that of boiling and the control (p<0.05). TVC of samples were lower than in the control fish sample after processing, increasing over the 4-day period, although negligible when compared to the control. TVC were lowest in samples processed by frying. TSC decreased in all fish samples after processing, except in the control fish sample. Fried Scomber scombrus samples also showed no trace of S. aureus. Moisture, lipid, crude protein and ash contents of control S. scombrus were 68.78±1.02, 2.03±0.11, 20.14±0.06 and 0.09±0.32 respectively. The changes in moisture, lipid, crude protein and ash contents were statistically significant (P<0.05) in processed fish samples. Total hydrocarbon content also increased in processed fish; 2.914±0.005 for smoke-dried, 2.168±0.001 for fried and 1.538±0.009 for boiled, as against 1.412±0.011 in the control sample. Overall bacteriological quality indices, the proximate content and total hydrocarbon contents of samples demonstrated frying and smoking as preferable processing methods for Scomber scombrus.

ВЕТЕРИНАРНО-САНИТАРНАЯ ЭКСПЕРТИЗА КАРПА, ВЫРАЩЕННОГО В РЫБОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОМ ВОДОЕМЕ

Modern forms of pond fish farming provide for compacted planting of fish in ponds. This causes close contact of farmed fish and favorable conditions for the spread of diseases. Most often carp fish get sick. A veterinary and sanitary examination of fish caught from the ponds of the Institute of Fish Farming and Biserovskiy fish plant cages was carried out according to organoleptic and bacteriological indicators. An autopsy of the fish was carried out in order to identify endoparasites, ectoparasites and changes in internal organs. As a result of the veterinary and sanitary examination, inflammation of the swim bladder was noted in some fish on the basis of clinical data and parasitological research. No parasites were found. No significant changes were registered during the organoleptic examination. In sick fish, when cooking, there was a slight turbidity and a decrease in the size of fat droplets on the surface of the broth. Bacterioscopic examination of carp revealed gram-negative bacterium aeromonas hydrophila, which causes aeromonosis. Recommendations for the prevention of inflammation of the swim bladder and aeromonosis are given.

Assessment of Water Quality and Bacteriological Indicators of Sewage Pollution in Bahr El-Baqar Drain, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt

Assessment of Water Quality and Bacteriological Indicators of Sewage Pollution in Bahr El-Baqar Drain, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt

Dual effect of dietary seaweed of extract nanoparticles (GNS) with bionanocomposite cellulose acetate membranes (CA/bio-AgNps) on growth performance and health status of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Specification on feed utilization, immune system, and antiparasitic action

Seaweed draws a lot of attention for its vital role in aquaculture as it contains beneficial biological compounds that undoubtedly might help in the development of this field. The current study sheds light on the potential efficiency of dietary supplements of Grateloupia acuminata and G. doryphore (Halymeniaceae) nanoparticles (GNS) at different levels with bionanocomposite cellulose acetate membranes (CA/bio-AgNps) on improved growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immunity, antioxidative, resistance against infectious pathogens, and characterization of water quality treated with CA/bio-AgNps that is used in rearing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ml/L) of GNS extract were tested as potential anti-bacterial and for the efficacy of being parasitic. Fish with an average weight (24.46 ± 0. 50 g) were apportioned into six experimental groups (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5) represented as 0.0%, 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0% GNS in diets with CA/bio-AgNps, respectively. Injection of fish with Aeromonas hydrophila was performed at the end of the trial. Chemical and bacteriological water indices significantly showed improvement after being treated with CA/bio-AgNps than the control group. Growth, carcass composition, digestive enzyme, and hematological and biochemical indices were significantly noticed positive (p< 0.05), especially T4 and T5, than the control group. In parallel, a significant improvement was noticed in serum lysozyme, total immunoglobulin, complement C3, antioxidative enzyme, and the relative expression of hepatic and inflammatory genes with an increased level of GNS (p< 0.05) are upregulated than the control group. Remarkably, GNS-supplemented diets and extracts provided positive efficacy against A. hydrophila with a decreased percentage of fish mortality, besides efficacy on antibacterial strains and Cichlidogyrus tilapiae, respectively. To sum up, the seaweed extract with CA/bio-AgNps resulted in better growth performance of fish, antipathogenic effect, and health status. Furthermore, CA/bio-AgNps were vital in improving water characteristics. They should be studied and applied more in the future.

Sanitary condition of poultry houses during broiler growing

In modern poultry farming, the problem of controlling microbiological contamination of poultry housing is essential and relevant. High levels of microbiological air pollution and abundant contamination of poultry production surfaces can be powerful and dangerous risk factors for the spread of opportunistic and pathogenic microflora. The health of poultry and its performance depends on the health and welfare of poultry houses іndustrial zone. Sanitary condition is an integral part of the overall operation of the process poultry farms. In the practice of industrial poultry entered, the term “biological fatigue”. We assessed the sanitary-bacteriological condition of poultry houses by the indicators of the total number of microorganisms in the air and by the isolation of pathogenic microorganisms. We determined the rates of bacterial contamination of surfaces and the air of poultry houses during the technological break-rearing broiler. The objects of the study were bacterial contamination of air and object poultry houses. Scientific research has been conducted on the technological break and release of objects from poultry. According to our study, we established high levels of microbiological air pollution in poultry houses on the 14th, 28-th, and 42-th day of broiler breeding. The total microbial count air of poultry houses does not meet sanitary standards. On the 14-th, 28-th and 42-th day, breeding broilers for meat in the poultry house bacterial contamination were 184.33 ± 43.52 thousand CFU/m3; 376.25 ± 84.84 thousand CFU/m3 and 786.68 ± 214.91 thousand CFU/m3. The article presents research results on poultry houses' sanitary and bacteriological indicators of leaching. We have established a high level of contamination of production surfaces. The isolates were: E. coli – (39.3 %), Salmonella spp., and Campylobecter spp. – (14.5 %), Streptococcus spp., S. aureus – 23.6 % Proteus ssp., Enterobacter ssp. – 22.6 %. The qualitative and quantitative composition of isolated microflora from poultry farms indicates significant risks of reducing the natural non-specific protective forces of the bird, the emergence of infectious diseases, and reduced productivity of birds. Thus, the sanitary condition of poultry houses is one of the main criteria for stable epizootic well-being in poultry and a guarantee of effective agribusiness.

The Quality of Quail Meat Cans Depending on Storage Conditions and Time of Consumption

Physicochemical and biochemical changes may occur in products of animal origin under the influence of internal and external factors, depending on the storage conditions. For the products made from the meat raw materials of various origins, it is important to know the optimal duration and modes of storage, which will preserve the optimal indicators of product quality and safety. The study aimed to determine the effect of different temperature regimes during storage on the quality and safety indicators of canned quail meat. Three series of experiments were conducted on the canned quail meat. In the first experiment, the quality indicators of the freshly prepared product were evaluated. In the second and third experiments, the parameters of the product were determined after aging for one year at temperatures of 2-4°С and 18-20°С. Organoleptic properties and physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were evaluated in the canned goods. The following methods of research were used: during the organoleptic assessment, it was considered the following properties: appearance, color, cross-section, smell, taste; fat content – by the Soxhlet method; hydrogen index (pH) – by the potentiometric method; microbiological indicators – by the horizontal method of counting colonies of microorganisms. It was found that the storage temperature did not affect the bacteriological indicators of the samples, which indicates the high quality of sterilization and excludes biological influence on the quality of canned goods. It has been established that, regardless of the storage temperature, the organoleptic indicators of canned food 12 months after production meet the state standard and the manufacturer's requirements, and they do not differ significantly. After one year of storage, the physico-chemical indicators of canned quail meat are within the limits of indicators established by the standard, regardless of the storage temperature. At the same time, certain changes were detected in the canned goods, which depended on the temperature conditions of storage. Considering the trends in physico-chemical parameters, the desired storage temperature for canned quail meat is 2-4 °C, although the increase in temperature to 18-20 °C does not lead to significant changes and it is permissible. Research is scientifically based on establishing the safety and quality of canned minced quail meat during long-term storage conditions, to create and produce high-quality and safe food products, which in turn allows for expanding the assortment of canned meat raw materials.

DETERMINATION OF THE HAZARD OF RECREATIONAL WATER USE IN THE CITY KHARKIV (UKRAINE)

The use of polluted water bodies for recreation carries the threat of an outbreak of infectious diseases. A new method for determining the integral indicator of the occurrence of infectious diseases due to recreational water use is proposed. The cause of infectious disease can be not only swimming in water bodies, but also poor-quality food or drinking water, as well as soil pollution on the territory of beaches. Therefore, in the study of infectious diseases associated with recreational water use, it is proposed to calculate weighting factors separately for food products (Ff), drinking water of centralized water supply (Fdvc), drinking water of non-centralized water supply (Fdvd), surface water in places of mass recreation of people ( Fwr) and soil in the beach zone (Fsb) on the basis of research carried out by the bodies of the state sanitary and epidemiological service. Based on the data of state statistics by using a new method, an integral indicator of the occurrence of infectious diseases as a result of recreational water use in the city of Kharkiv was determined. The application of the proposed method will make it possible to make a scientifically based decision regarding the management of water resources and the protection of public health. The authors of the article conducted a study of the quality of surface water according to hydrochemical and bacteriological indicators in the summer of 2021 on 6 beaches of the city Kharkiv. On all beaches, there is a significant excess of the values of biogenic and bacteriological indicators, which creates a threat of infectious diseases. The risk values correspond to the 4th and 5th class of danger (high and very high impact on public health). The analysis of the evaluation of the weighting coefficients allows to determine the main causes of the development of infectious diseases in order to make scientifically based decisions on ensuring comfortable living conditions for the population. Identifying all possible sources of pollution, being aware of changes that may negatively affect water quality, and providing adequate information to the population are important preventive measures for public health protection. Keywords: public health, recreational water use, infectious disease, pollution sources, Kharkiv city.