Backlog Of Information Research Articles

Intertheatrical Cues and Shakespearean backstories

This study addresses the boundary between the stage and lived experience by focusing on evocations of prior histories of Shakespeare’s characters. Taking the battle of wit carried out by means of commonplaces and proverbs in Henry V (3.7) as a focal case study, as well as considering other such telling moments in The Merchant of Venice, Antony and Cleopatra, Much Ado, Hamlet, Cymbeline, and Henry V, my investigation offers a viable approach to staging the presentation of characters’ backstories. My goal is to recover and comment on a set of principles for understanding one of the chief ways in which the Shakespearean text is set up to guide both affective and expressive interpretation of characters. More broadly, this paper involves larger questions of how memory shapes identity, including the forging of memorable moments within the given performance reflecting normative stage business and other embodied forms of intertheatricality. This essay demonstrates how attention to the playwright’s well-placed and condensed seeds of discourse—like proverbs themselves—unfold to convey whole histories and thus a backlog of information that can aid in audience understanding of characters’ interactions that motivate stage activity as well as advance the plot arc. The critical insights brought out in this essay, concerning mnemotechnical cues and declamatory triggers to conjure plausible backstories leading to incipient action in the world of the play, can be used to explore more purposefully the built-in possibilities for moving a Shakespearean text from page to stage.

Toward A Coherent Theory of Chemisorption

Studies of chemisorption phenomena, the cornerstone of heterogeneous catalysis, have become the central part of contemporary surface science. As a result of the great variety of the available experimental techniques, a backlog of information, some of which conflicts with current theoretical constructs, has accumulated. New models that combine analytical and computational facets have now begun to appear, revealing intrinsic relations among seemingly disparate chemisorption phenomena. Among the major findings are (i) the crucial role of antibonding adsorbate orbitals in bond activation and in the heat of chemisorption, (ii) adsorbate-induced surface polarization leading to a decrease of the metal work function and to an increase of the surface core binding energy, and (iii) important differences between atomic and molecular adsorbate modes of bonding and surface migration.

Ecology of the Chub, Gila Atraria, with Special Emphasis on Vertebral Curvatures, in Two Ocean Lake, Teton National Park, Wyoming

Two Ocean Lake, which was annexed to Teton National Park in 1950, was reported by long-time residents of the area and by the Wyoming Game and Fish Commission to have experienced a tremendous increase in chub which followed a sharp decline in trout, Salmto clarki lezwisi. During the rise of the chub, residents of the area made a concerted effort to annihilate the great blue heron, Ardea herodias. It was also reported that the lake contained an unusually high frequency of deformed chub (curvatures of the vertebral axis). Under the protection of the National Park Service and a proposed restoration of the lake, a rise in trout and heron, two of the main predators of the chub, might be expected. This suggested an opportunity for a study of predation in nature with special reference to predation on deformed chub. Field studies, carried out in the summers of 1956 and 1957, were directed toward an evaluation of the problem-basically a study of the ecology and life history of the chub with special interest in the question of whether or not it would be possible in future years to detect and attribute a decrease in deformed chub to the anticipated increase in predators. This would require estimates of the annual abundance of deformed chub, which would require a knowledge of their distribution in the lake relative to that of the normal chub. Aside from statistical applications, information on the distribution might have a bearing on the question of the causes of the deformity. Is the cause environmental, hereditary, or some combination of the two? Also, comparative rates of survival of normal and deformed chub under existing low predation should be determined. Finally, a comparison of the frequency of deformities in the Two Ocean Lake population with that in other populations should be made to aid in determining whether or not the Two Ocean Lake situation is unique, as has been reported. I think it is important to mention in passing that This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation through the Jackson Hole Biological Research Station of the University of Wyoming and the New York Zoological Society. I wish to acknowledge the very able assistance of Ross M. Horrall in 1956 and of Irvin Lawrence in 1957. the field work and laboratory experiments sought to answer these questions, and did yield a valuable backlog of information. But many aspects remain insufficiently known to report. This paper presents findings on (1) the limnology of the lakes (2) the ecology and life history of the chub (3) the frequency of deformed chub in different lakes, and (4) the distribution of chub in Two Ocean Lake. The results are derived primarily from Two Ocean Lake, and secondarily from Emma Matilda, Ox Bow, and Enos lakes. All of the lakes are in the Snake River drainage.