Backlash Phenomenon Research Articles

“The modesty guard” reflected in online comments in mainstream news sites

PurposeAt times, a traditional minority group that opposes a change in the patriarchal structure is violent toward women who wish to adopt modern lifestyles. This study aims to examine online comments regarding a shooting at a café in an Arab-Bedouin city in Israel, where women were employed as servers. The event was framed in Israeli media as an act of backlash by young men, who call themselves “The Modesty Guard.”Design/methodology/approachIn this qualitative study, the authors collected 916 online comments that were published on five main online news sites. A thematic and rhetorical analysis of online comments was conducted.FindingsThe findings uncovered five main themes: the expression of support for Bedouin women; ideas for dealing with the Modesty Guard; blaming Bedouin tradition for the shooting; comparison of the violent behavior to a parallel phenomenon among Charedim; and criticism of the lack of treatment by Israeli security forces. The responses reflected a supportive stance toward Arab-Bedouin women, who were open to progress. Conflict discourse, however, expressed alienation and increased social-national schism between the Jewish majority and Arab-Bedouin minority groups in Israel.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the backlash phenomenon in Negev Bedouin society. Moreover, it exposes the lack of significant supportive actions and a lack of understanding of the deep processes unfolding in this traditional society.

Activists in international courts: Backlash, funding, and strategy in international legal mobilization

Activists in international courts: Backlash, funding, and strategy in international legal mobilization

Are work–life policies fair for a woman’s career? An Italian qualitative study of the backlash phenomenon

PurposeWork–family balance practices available in several work organizations to help employees with children to manage the demands of work and family life can have a negative impact on employees with family commitments, on childless employees and on the organization itself, as Perrigino et al. show in their theoretical review. This is the work–family backlash phenomenon expressed by the four mechanisms of stigma, spillover, inequity and strategic. Even if the stigma mechanism towards working women with children was widely explored, no study until now considered the four backlash mechanisms jointly, in the Italian context. The purpose of this paper is offering a first empirical exploration of these mechanisms in Italian work organizations.Design/methodology/approachFor this study, 15 Italian career women with different care burdens were interviewed, and the four mechanisms were analysed from the perspective of women with and without children, and of organizations.FindingsAnalysis has shown that the backlash phenomenon can trigger a vicious cycle of perceived inequity that leads to job dissatisfaction and low work motivation. Management responsiveness and fairness in dealing with employees’ needs are central to promoting well-being by effectively balancing career paths with personal needs, especially in a cultural context where most responsibility for family needs is still left to women and few public supports are available.Originality/valueThis study, in spite of some limitations, offers a first contribution to the analysis of the different facets of the work–family backlash in the Italian context and suggests several possible research and practical developments.

A Compound Scheme Based on Improved ADRC and Nonlinear Compensation for Electromechanical Actuator

A compound scheme, based on an improved active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) and nonlinear compensation, is developed for the electromechanical actuator (EMA) system in this paper. First, considering the influences of backlash, friction on the EMA system, a model for the EMA system is presented. The LuGre model and Hysteresis inverse model are used to compensate for the friction and backlash phenomenon. Then, the method of improved ADRC, based on the Fal function filter and a Linear extended state observer (LESO), is investigated. Simultaneously, since the controller parameters of the improved ADRC are complicated, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is presented to optimize the controller parameters, to achieve the best dynamic response. Finally, simulation and experiment are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Under the nonlinear compensation, the performance of the proposed compound scheme is compared with the conventional proportional integral (PI) controller, in terms of step response analysis and sine wave response analysis. Simulation and experiments show that the proposed controller provides high-performance dynamic characteristics.

Backlash Fault Suppression Using LQ Optimal Control Based RST Controllers in Wind Turbine Systems Using Bond Graphs and Matlab/Simulink

Abstract The presence of backlash in wind turbines is a source of limitations as it introduces nonlinearities that reduce their efficiency in speed/torque control which affect the performance of the power quality. Because of production tolerances during rotation, the teeth contact is lost for a small angle; until it is re-established, it produces a backlash phenomenon. The desire to eliminate this phenomenon is often hard to realise due to the nonlinear dynamic behaviour, which arises with the presence of backlash fault in a system. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop an LQ optimal control structure in a form of an R-S-T controller in order to reduce the disturbing torque transmitted inside the dead zone of a gearbox in the wind turbine system. The actual system is also developed to be used as a demonstration model at lectures or presentations. The efficacy of the proposed control is illustrated via simulations.

Observer‐based compensation control of servo systems with backlash

AbstractFor compensating backlash phenomenon in servo systems, the authors propose an observer method in this paper to estimate both system states and vibration torque before controller design. First, a systematic scheme is given to obtain plant parameters, which is very important in observing system states. This is a parameter estimation principle that gives a crude estimation and computes the differences between the crude and true values. As a result, the precise value of the parameters is obtained by adding together the crude value and the difference. Then, based on the precise estimated parameters, an extended state observer (ESO) is designed to obtain feedback and feedforward signals. Consequently, robust compensation control is achieved by designing an output feedback controller, consisting of a feedback term and a feedforward term. Finally, in order to validate the proposed approach, extensive experiments are performed on a practical servo system with backlash nonlinearity.

Gender Conflict Perception and Social Identities: In the Context of Backlash Phenomenon

Gender Conflict Perception and Social Identities: In the Context of Backlash Phenomenon

Study on the influence of backlash phenomenon on wind turbine power using bond graph approach

This work presents a multi-body model for studying the influence of backlash phenomenon on wind energy using a bond graph approach. This analysis is carried out in two steps; first, the residual technique is used to discriminate between the healthy and the abnormal operating mode. The second one consists in using energy levels calculated from the spectral energy of the residual signals using a moving Hanning window to estimate the faults amplitude. Simulations tests verify the effect of the backlash magnitude on the good functioning of the wind turbine and indicate that the backlash within a certain range has little effect on the wind energy but with the enlargement of backlash, the dynamic response of the system is significantly changed.

Constitucionalismo, Democracia E A Tensão Insuperada: Como A Advocacia Em Defesa Do Casamento Homoafetivo Nos Estados Unidos Superou A Hipótese Do Backlash

O presente trabalho optou por estudar o fenômeno do backlash e o seu impacto na litigância em matéria de casamento homoafetivo desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos. Através deste recorte, foi possível desconstruir algumas suposições a respeito da judicialização de demandas sociais. Demonstrou-se que os movimentos sociais não só levam em consideração a hipótese do backlash na hora de judicializar as suas demandas, como também fazem um uso positivo deste fenômeno. Ademais, explicitou-se que avanços e retrocessos fazem parte do jogo democrático, fazem parte da tensão existente entre Constitucionalismo e Democracia, sendo o backlash apenas mais uma parte desta disputa.

Backlash Goes Global: Men's Groups, Patriarchal Family Policy, and the False Promise of Gender-Neutral Laws

In every country and every culture, the level of equality in the family has a direct impact on all aspects of women's participation in economic, social, cultural, and political life as well as in their exposure to violence. Its significance as a human rights issue is underscored by the level of overt and covert resistance to the pursuit of equality in families in all regions of the world. This article explores the major local and global expressions of patriarchal resistance to equality in the family, all of which share an antipathy to women's human rights: men's rights movements, a backlash phenomenon sited largely in economically advanced countries; the battle to maintain progress on the international policy level, where resistance is sited in United Nations bodies, using women's lives as proxies for political agendas and frequently calling on the language of respect for culture and tradition; and the adoption or retention by many states, North and South, of apparently gender-neutral legislation that in fact results in stalled progress or outright regression from equality norms. It explores the significance of the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the critical role of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women in identifying the sites of resistance and maintaining state-specific accountability for the promotion of equality.

Modeling and Performance Analysis on a Test Platform for Transmission

A transmission test platform for performance analysis was designed based on 3-D modeling and simulation technology which were used to provide a theoretical comparison basis for the following experiments. Design of key part of the transmission system, such as couplings which were customized. Modeling of test platform was built to study the mechanical structure in theory. Static structure and modal analyses were carried out to evaluate the performance of planetary and worm gearing. Compare analysis results between planetary gear and worm gear reducer which include backlash and vibration phenomenon. At last, we make a conclusion that the planetary gear has less vibration and noise than the worm gear in this type of reducer in theory, and we will give some reasonable explanation.

Women Leaders as Negotiators: An Assessment of Power: As an Interpreter of Emotions, Performance, and Results at the Bargaining Table

The main aim of this research paper is an exploration and recognition of negotiation as a leadership skill in the hands of women and how women take up negotiation differently than men. The paper addresses accounts of female leadership using the example of a large U.S. organization, which is considered a pioneer in its inclusiveness policies. The research methodology is based on a qualitative approach, which includes the use of interviews in the working environment of the target group of eight women individuals aged 41 to 57 (members of the prominent female pool - partners/leaders at the above organization), a global leader in professional services. The results show that negotiation skills can serve as a most effective means to women at the bargaining table on the path to leadership and help them unleash their hidden power. It also suggests that women differ in their negotiating approaches. The research implies that emotions and the ways in which women can learn to better use their emotional intelligence skills at the bargaining table can decrease the negative backlash phenomenon. The paper concludes that gender is an important factor on the path to power and the exercise of leadership. Negotiation is an imperative skill for women leaders to possess and to constantly improve. Recent research evidence suggests that the application of aggressive masculine ways in organizations and economies so far has proven unsustainable given the size of today’s globalized economic crisis. Helping women pursue their new roles as leaders, by making improved use of their principled way of thinking during negotiations and innate emotional intelligence skills can have long-term positive results for their organizations and eventually, economies and societies. Men who desire more work-life balance in their lives can help in sustaining results too. The results indicate an opportunity for policy makers and governments to create policies that will encourage women to remain a strong part of the talent pool developing into future leaders.

Crimen Sollicitationis

Late modernity’s binary intrigue of child sexuality/abuse is understood as a backlash phenomenon reactive to a general trans‐Atlantic crisis concerning the interlocking of kinship, religion, gender, and sexuality. Tellingly dissociated from 1980s gay liberation and recent encounters between queer theory and kinship studies, the child abuse theme articulates modernity’s guarded axiom of tabooed incest and its projected contemporary predicament “after the orgy”—after the proclaimed disarticulation of religion‐motivated, kin‐pivoted, reproductivist, and gender‐rigid socialities. “Child sexual abuse” illustrates a general situation of decompensated nostalgia: an increasingly imminent loss of the child’s vital otherness is counterproductively embattled by the late modern overproduction of its banal difference, its status as “minor.” Attempts to humanize, reform, or otherwise moderate incest’s current “survivalist” and commemorative regime of subjectivation, whether by means of ethical, empirical, historical, critical, legal, or therapeutic gestures, typically trigger the latter’s panicked empiricism. Accordingly, most “critical” interventions, from feminist sociology and anthropology to critical legal studies, have largely been collusive with the backlash: rather than appraising the radical precariousness of incest’s ethogram of avoidance in the face of late modernity’s dispossessing analytics and semiotics, they tend to feed its state of ontological vertigo and consequently hyperextended, manneristic forensics.

Backlash fault detection in mechatronic system

In this paper, a fault detection and isolation model based method for backlash phenomenon is presented. The aim of this contribution is to be able to detect then distinguish the undesirable backlash from the useful one inside an electromechanical test bench. The dynamic model of the real system is derived, using the bond graph approach, motivated by the multi-energy domain of such mechatronic system. The innovation interest of the use of the bond graph tool, resides in the exploitation of one language representation for modelling and monitoring the system with presence of mechanical faults. Fault indicators are deduced from the analytical model and used to detect and isolate undesirable backlash fault, including the physical system. Simulation and experimental tests are done on electromechanical test bench which consists of a DC motor carrying a mechanical load, through a reducer part containing a backlash phenomenon.

Backlash phenomenon observation and identification in electromechanical system

In this paper a second order sliding mode observer with finite time convergence is developed for an electromechanical system with backlash. As a consequence of finite time convergence the sliding mode equivalent control is used to apply identification algorithms in order to characterize the backlash phenomenon. The dead zone amplitude and the disturbing torque are identified asymptotically. Simulation and experimental tests applied to an electromechanical actuator are given to support the theoretical development.

Ludic feminism and after: postmodernism, desire, and labor in late capitalism

Following the equal-rights struggles of the 1960s, feminism became involved in the theoretical problems posed by poststructuralism, psychoanalysis, semiotics, queer theory, postcolonialism, and Marxism. years of debate about whether feminism can or should accommodate these other modes of contemporary thought, Ludic Feminism and After provides a way of making a leap forward.Teresa Ebert rethinks such notions as pleasure, essentialism, performance, labor, class, body, and difference through readings of influential texts by feminists such as Gayatri Spivak, Rigoberta Mench, Donna Haraway, Jane Gallop, Judith Butler, Diana Fuss, and Teresa de Lauretis. She not only engages the theories of Derrida, Foucault, Lyotard, and Baudrillard, but also moves beyond the academic arena to address the backlash phenomenon and the writings of popular critics like Camille Paglia. Ebert argues that the crisis of feminist theory in postmodernity is about the very meaning of politics and the possibility for effective social change.The future of feminism and feminist theory, believes Ebert, lies in reclaiming radical knowledge(s) that have been obscured by what she calls theory: the branch of that sees politics primarily as a linguistic and textual practice, and focuses on subverting cultural representations of difference. She argues instead for the possibilities of a resistance postmodernism in feminism: theory grounded in the social struggle over the differences of labor and access to economic means and resources.Ebert's provocative and powerful book challenges ludic feminism within the academy, and outlines transformative politics and feminist theory that can address material crises, such as the international trade in young women for prostitution, dowry murders in India, and the genocidal rape in Bosnia. The author seeks to go beyond dominant theories to open a radically new space for an active third wave feminism. Ludic Feminism and After is sure to be influential and controversial.Teresa Ebert is Associate Professor of English, State University of New York at Albany.

Incest/Child Sexual Abuse

After identifying that social scientists and historians have long believed (and vigorously defended) that the only universal trait found in every known culture is the prohibition against incest, occurrence of incest and child sexual abuse is traced first through Western culture from antiquity to the present with special emphasis on Sigmund Freud's "reversal." It then is traced through Eastern culture from ancient to modern times. Contemporary trends of self-disclosure of incest and child sexual abuse are examined, and current incidence data are provided. The backlash phenomenon is then explored, and conclusions are drawn.

Bauschinger Curves at Large Strain

Torsional tests of aluminium pipe specimens were carried out to obtain reliable data on Bauschinger curves at large strain. The experimental results revealed some features of Bauschinger curves, which suggest an interpretation that Bauschinger effect is a kind of back lash phenomenon.

Describing function for multiple-gear servomechanism with saturated backlash phenomenon†

This paper presents a describing function for a servomechanism which employs a motor driving a load through gearing having saturation, backlash and combined Coulomb and viscous frictions plus inertia on the load. In addition, the paper gives a classification of multiple-gear systems. For each class of the multiple-gear systems, the backlash phenomenon described by the derived describing function is investigated in detail and the application of the describing function technique to multiple-gear systems is discussed. Finally, the effect of saturation on the describing function for a multiple-gear system is illustrated by an example.