Back Panel Research Articles

FDA Panel Backs Dabigatran for AF Stroke Risk

FDA Panel Backs Dabigatran for AF Stroke Risk

3D analysis and investigation of traffic noise impact from a new motorway on building and surrounding area

This study analyzes and investigates the impact of traffic noise on the high-rise building and surrounding area by the side of a new motorway that links Bangkok to the new Suwannaphum International Airport and Pattaya. A traffic noise simulation model in 3D form is applied on a GIS system. Visualized noise levels are formulated in vectored contours for noise mapping on all surfaces of the building and surrounding ground in a 3D platform. Noise impact is then investigated based on this 3D noise mapping in LAeq,1 h noise contours. The investigation shows that there is a high traffic noise impact on the foreground and front façade of the building, rendering this area unsuitable for residential purposes. The ground area by the sides of the building and the building side panels receive a lower noise impact. Most of these areas are still not acceptable for residential use; however, all of the side panels and most of the ground area by the sides of the building can be used for commercial and business purposes. The back yard and back panel, together with the rooftop, have the lowest traffic noise impact. They are the safest places for use as residential areas, except for a small strip along the front edge of the rooftop. From this study, residential areas that are sensitive to noise impact must be located far away from the front façade and side panels of a building. It is also shows that the building height is not an effective means of reducing motorway noise on the upper part of the building.

FDA Panel Backs Approval of Ticagrelor for ACS

FDA Panel Backs Approval of Ticagrelor for ACS

FDA Panel Backs Approval of Ticagrelor for ACS

FDA Panel Backs Approval of Ticagrelor for ACS

56.2: A New Reflective‐type Transparent Display Using Cholesteric Liquid Crystal

AbstractIn this paper, we report on a novel transparent display system using cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) with a dynamic LC blind back panel. The proposed ChLC transparent display operates in three modes: color, black, and transparent. It shows 45.6% and 4.6% of the transmittance for transparent and black modes, respectively, and reflects specific wavelengths of incident light, showing vivid and clear natural colors in the color mode. The configuration, operation principle, and fabrication process of the proposed ChLC transparent display are shown. Also, the fabricated ChLC transparent displays having different colors were demonstrated in each operation mode.

Sound absorption of a micro-perforated panel backed by an irregular-shaped cavity

In the pursuit of more effective noise control devices, the cavity backed micro-perforated panel absorber (CBMPPA) is developed in this study. A CBMPPA differs from the conventional micro-perforated panel (MPP) absorber in that the MPP is backed by a trapezoidal cavity, which allows more effective vibroacoustic coupling between the MPP and the cavity. A two-dimensional theoretical model is established and tested both numerically and experimentally. Based on the verified theoretical model, sound absorption performance of a trapezoidal CBMPPA is investigated numerically. Results show that the shape of the backing cavity can significantly alter the sound absorption mechanisms and frequency distribution of overall sound absorption coefficient of the absorber. Further analyses show that acoustic modes that are initially decoupled from the MPP in the rectangular configuration are coupled with the air motion in the MPP, which accounts for the change in absorption pattern of the trapezoidal CBMPPA. By the same token, it also provides the flexibility for tuning the effective absorption range of the absorber. Due to the varying impedance matching conditions, the absorption performance of the trapezoidal CBMPPA exhibits obvious local characteristics over the MPP surface, which contrasts with the spatially uniform absorption in the conventional MPP absorber.

Panel Backs Thermoplasty Device for Asthma

Panel Backs Thermoplasty Device for Asthma

FDA Panel Backs Second HPV Vaccine For Girls and Women Aged 10–25 Years

FDA Panel Backs Second HPV Vaccine For Girls and Women Aged 10–25 Years

Experimental Study of Effects of Axi-asymmetric Combustion Air Supply in Horizontally Oil-fired Burner and Furnace

Effects of axi-asymmetric combustion conditions were studied in a horizontally oil-fired and 3-staged swirl burner. Axi-asymmetric conditions were created by supplying combustion air through six different air inlets from the back panel of the burner. Experimental conditions were decided by varying the degree of axi-asymmetry and changing the location of the minimum flow rate value in unimodal and bimodal air distribution. Temperature profiles inside a furnace were mapped using R-type thermocouples and flame images were captured by a CCD camera, to investigate the intensity of visible flames, focusing on the effects of asymmetrically supplied combustion air. Experimental results show three distinct phenomena. The unimodal air distribution deformed the flame shape more axi-asymmetrically (inclined toward the minimum flow region) than the bimodal case. The flame shape was affected by buoyancy and by the location of the minimum flow rate in air distribution. Especially, when combustion air was discharged less...

A detailed investigation of the mechanical properties of polybenzoxazole fibers within soft body armor

Using the modified-single fiber test developed by Holmes and colleagues (J Appl Polym 2008), a detailed analysis of fibers extracted from soft body armor comprised of polybenzoxazole (PBO) fibers was performed. The data indicate that hydrolytic degradation of these ballistic fibers is accompanied by degradation associated with folding (or fatigue-induced degradation) and an undefined degradation mechanism associated with vest use that appears to target the horizontal yarns of the alternating 0°/90° woven layers. These additional failure mechanisms have the potential to create localized regions in the PBO soft body armor which are significantly lower than the homogeneous degradation expected from uniform hydrolysis. Results also indicate that the absence of ballistic penetrations in the initial study conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology may be associated with using the properties of the fibers from the back panel of a compromised vest as representative of the properties in the front panel that was penetrated. Analysis of a field return vest showed the front panel to be significantly more degraded than the back panel.

31.4: Direct View and Projection Switchable Mobile Display

AbstractThe function of mobile phone becomes more versatile as a personal assistant. In order to make display device optimized for different function of the mobile phone, this paper proposes a display device which can be switched among 2D direct view, 3D direct view and projection modes while using single liquid crystal(LC) panel as image source. The device features a highly collimated backlight unit and polymer dispersed liquid crystal(PDLC) diffuser at the back of the LC panel, and a switchable lenticular array as well as a stretchable projection lens in front. The ray tracing simulation has shown well controlled light path of the backlight module and sufficient image quality of the projection lens while maintaining the compactness of the device for mobile application.

Formula omitted] and [formula omitted] feedforward and feedback compensators for acoustic isolation

This paper investigates through numerical simulations the limits of performance for a class of feedforward and feedback compensators used for structural acoustic isolation, where the emphasis is on controlling the structural vibration that is responsible for the sound radiation. The proposed designs aim to attenuate the sound pressure transmitted through a double panel system filled with absorption material. The controller must reduce the noise radiated through the back panel when the front panel is excited by an external force that causes structural vibration. A point moment simulating a piezoelectric patch attached to the back panel is the actuator. In the feedforward setting, the pre-filter assumes full information of the exogenous disturbance. On the other hand, the feedback designs assume full information of the state. The H 2 and H ∞ norms are the optimality criteria used for both the filter design and the control design. All four designs are cast in the linear matrix inequality framework and incorporate parametric uncertainties described by a bounded convex polyhedral domain. It is shown that the performance of the feedforward and the feedback compensators are equivalent when model uncertainties are not taken into account. Otherwise, considering uncertainties, the feedback compensators have a more robust behavior.

IOM Panel Backs Public Disclosure Of Drug Company Payments

The best way to damp down concerns about doctors' and researchers' financial conflicts of interest is to require full disclosure, according to an expert report that adds its voice to a growing chorus.

FDA Panel Backs New Fluoroquinolone for Conjunctivitis

FDA Panel Backs New Fluoroquinolone for Conjunctivitis

Tracer gas technique: A new approach for steady state infiltration rate measurement of open refrigerated display cases

A new approach, combining experimental and analytical methods, for finding the infiltration rate of outside warm air into open refrigerated display cases is introduced. This method is based on direct measurements and is more reliable and accurate than conventional techniques. Although a typical display case usually benefits from an air curtain at its opening to reduce the infiltration of the warm ambient air into the system, still the infiltration accounts for up to 75% of the total cooling load of their refrigeration system. In 1999, for example, about 69,000 of such display cases were operating in the supermarkets and grocery stores of the USA with annual energy consumption more than 1000 GW-hr (California Energy Commission (CEC) and Southern California Edison (SCE) Co., (2003). Private Communications.). Therefore, determining the exact amount of their infiltration rate and improving their performance are of great importance. In this method, a tracer gas is released into the air inside the duct of a display case and after mixing, the mixture discharges into the display area and ambient through the air curtain and/or the perforated back panel of the display case. This technique is based upon the concentration measurements of the tracer gas at three locations: Discharge duct, return duct and the ambient. Finding the percentage of the tracer gas that is lost (by escaping into the ambient) between the Discharge and the return ducts forms the fundamental of this approach. By analyzing the mass conservation around the air curtain of the display case, a relationship between the tracer gas concentration and the infiltration rate can be established.

A two dimensional thermal network model for a photovoltaic solar wall

A two dimensional thermal network model is proposed to predict the temperature distribution for a section of photovoltaic solar wall installed in an outdoor room laboratory in Concordia University, Montréal, Canada. The photovoltaic solar wall is constructed with a pair of glass coated photovoltaic modules and a polystyrene filled plywood board as back panel. The active solar ventilation through a photovoltaic solar wall is achieved with an exhaust fan fixed in the outdoor room laboratory. The steady state thermal network nodal equations are developed for conjugate heat exchange and heat transport for a section of a photovoltaic solar wall. The matrix solution procedure is adopted for formulation of conductance and heat source matrices for obtaining numerical solution of one dimensional heat conduction and heat transport equations by performing two dimensional thermal network analyses. The temperature distribution is predicted by the model with measurement data obtained from the section of a photovoltaic solar wall. The effect of conduction heat flow and multi-node radiation heat exchange between composite surfaces is useful for predicting a ventilation rate through a solar ventilation system.

Catch Rates and Selectivity among Three Trap Types in the U.S. South Atlantic Black Sea Bass Commercial Trap Fishery

AbstractWe compared selectivity and catch rates of black sea bass Centropristis striata between two experimental trap types: back‐panel traps (50.8‐mm‐mesh back panels; 38.1‐mm mesh in all other panels), which represent the new legal minimum mesh configuration; and all‐panel traps (50.8‐mm mesh in all panels), which are electively used by a subset of fishers. Catches in both experimental trap types were compared with catches in control traps (38.1‐mm mesh in all panels). Traps were fished from October 2006 to March 2007 in waters 12–30 m deep in Onslow Bay, North Carolina. Correlation analyses were used to examine postrelease condition of discarded black sea bass in relation to fish density in traps and capture depth. We found that mean catch rates of sublegal‐sized black sea bass (<254 mm total length) were lower for control traps than for both experimental traps and were lower for back‐panel traps than for all‐panel traps; however, catch rates of legal‐sized fish were not different among trap types. Median black sea bass size increased with trap mesh size. Modeled selectivity for each experimental trap type was relatively knife‐edged (i.e., characterized by a narrow selection range); both experimental trap types caught smaller proportions of sublegal‐sized fish and higher proportions of legal‐sized fish than did control traps. Estimated immediate mortality rates of black sea bass discards were 3.7 (control), 1.1 (back panel), and 0.7% (all panel). Less‐favorable release condition was positively correlated with fish density and depth. Combining immediate discard mortality over observed depths (common depths for this fishery) and losses from observable barotrauma, the assumed mortality rate of discarded black sea bass in the U.S. South Atlantic commercial trap fishery (15%) may be too high.

Medicare Panel Backs Medical Home Pilot Study

Medicare Panel Backs Medical Home Pilot Study

LED를 PLS 배열로 사용한 시역 형성 광학계가 없는 3차원 영상의 시역에 대한 연구

A two dimensional point light source array can replace both the viewing zone forming optics and the back light panel in the contact-type 3 dimensional imaging systems based on LC panels. This replacement can make the system structure of the 3 dimensional imaging systems no different from that of the conventional LCD and can reduce undesirable visual effects caused by the viewing zone forming optics. The problem with the point light source array is the visual quality deterioration of the system due to the non-ideal nature of the array.

Die Design of a Back Panel for a PDP TV Using 3-D Elasto-Plastic Finite Element Analysis

The objective of this research work is to design optimally dies and the blank sheet for manufacturing of the back panel of a PDP TV. The influence of design parameters of the dies and the blank sheet on the formation of wrinkling in the upper trimming area of the stamped part has been quantitatively investigated through three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element analysis. The corner radius of the upper trimming area of the die and the blank gap, which is the distance from the outer line of the blank holder to that of the blank, have been chosen as design parameters to remove wrinkling associated with a stamping part in a upper trimming area. From the results of the analyses, it has been shown that a product without wrinkles and skid lines can be manufactured when the corner radius is 8 mm and the blank gap is 60 mm. Several stamping tests have been performed using the manufactured die set and the blank sheet according to the proposed optimum design. From the results of the stamping tests, it has been shown that a back panel of the PDP TV can be successfully manufactured using the proposed optimum design condition.