Back Pain In Workers Research Articles

Low Back Pain E/C Musculoskeletal Disorder (Msds) In Workers With Sitting Body Positions

The muscles that are often disturbed are the muscles of the neck, arms, hands, fingers, back, waist and lower muscles. Working for a long time in a fixed position, especially sitting, will cause discomfort. This working attitude creates a static workload on the lower back muscles and causes lower back pain in workers. Respondents involved in this study amounted to 49 respondents. All respondents have the dominant activity at work, namely sitting. When viewed from the character of the respondents, as much as 77.55% of respondents had experienced muscle complaints. The most frequent muscle complaints were in the area of ??the waist (53.06%), buttocks (44.90%) and neck and shoulders (42.86%). The longer a person sits there will be stretching of the back muscles and the posterior longitudinal ligament which have the thinnest properties so that this prone area is disturbed causing pain. Suggestions for employees who sit for a long time, namely doing short sports on the sidelines of work and modifying the work environment so that the sitting position becomes ergonomic

Factors contributing to low back pain in workers involved in prolonged standing occupational requirements

Nearly half of all employees worldwide are required to stand for more than 75% of their workdays. Prolonged standing is an occupational risk factor giving rise to numerous complications, especially Low Back Pain (LBP). The present study assesses factors contributing to LBP in occupations requiring prolonged standing. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 135 workers in occupations requiring prolonged standing with or without complaints of LBP. Back pain status, working posture, repetitive actions, core strength, flexibility, and foot posture were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using Spearman's correlation coefficient with alpha set at p<0.05 at a 95% confidence interval (CI), and logistic regression analysis was performed to find the odds ratio (OR). A significant correlation was observed between the back pain status with working posture and the foot posture. The percentage of prolonged standing time, repetition, core strength, and flexibility did not show any correlation with back pain status. Work posture and foot posture are major contributing factors in causing LBP in workers involved in prolonged standing occupations.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF WORK POSTURE AND INDIVIDUAL FACTORS WITH COMPLAINTS OF LOWER BACK PAIN IN BRICK WORKING WORKERS IN JAMBI SELATAN

Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between work posture and individual factors with complaints of low back pain in brick-making workers in the southern Jambi district. This type of research was conducted using observational research with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples is 66 brick-making workers in Kecamatan Jambi Selatan. The research results are; workers who experience work postures with a RULA value of 7 must implement changes as much as 15.2% as soon as possible, workers who experience work postures with a RULA value of 5-6 must conduct investigations and repairs immediately as much as 25.8%, workers who have work postures with RULA 3-4 values may require a change of 31.8%, Workers who have a work posture with a RULA value of 1-2 good work postures and can be accepted as many as 18 workers 27.3%; The age of workers at risk is 75.8% and there are 25.8% of workers who have an abnormal IMT and are at risk. There is a relationship between work posture (p-vlue = 0.05), and age (p-value = 0.014) on complaints of low back pain in workers but there is no relationship (p-value = 0.322) between IMT and complaints of low back pain in workers. Brick-making workers in Kecamatan Jambi Selatan. It is hoped that this research will provide input for brick-making workers in Kecamatan Jambi Selatan to pay attention to work postures and conduct an examination to the health center or to the nearest clinic if they experience complaints or symptoms to reduce the risk of disease severity. Keywords: Work posture; age; lower back pain; brick worker

Predictors of 1-Year Perceived Recovery, Absenteeism, and Expenses Due to Low Back Pain in Workers Receiving Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

This multicenter prospective cohort study aimed to preliminarily explore statistically relevant modifiable and predetermined factors for 1-year perceived recovery, absenteeism, and personal expenses in workers who received Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) for low back pain (LBP). Three stepwise multiple regression models were explored with 42 independent variables, including (1) socio-demographic factors; (2) risk stratification; (3) pain-related variables, psychological variables, and behavioral variables at baseline and changes after a month; (4) therapeutic alliance and exercise adherence at 1-month follow-up; and (5) MDT classification and therapist levels. Data from 58 participants were analyzed, after which a model with a medium effect size was developed for 1-year perceived recovery only. Consequently, patients with derangement syndrome were expected to have improved 1-year perceived recovery, with expected predetermined prognostic factors including shorter symptom duration, self-management skills to lead a healthy life, and less pain catastrophization at baseline. A stronger therapeutic alliance between patient and therapist during the 1-month MDT intervention was identified as an expected modifiable prognostic factor. It may be difficult to accurately predict the annual absenteeism and personal expenses due to LBP given the weak to low effect sizes of the developed models.

Radiographic lumbosacral angle has a low yield for diagnosing low back pain in workers 20-70 years of age

BACKGROUNDThe increasing trend of working from home (WFH) among workers may lead to prolonged sitting time, which is associated with increased complaints of low back pain (LBP). The lumbosacral angle (LSA) is one of the clinically important radiographic angles related to the curves commonly measured to evaluate the biomechanical factors linked with LBP. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of radiographic LSA for diagnosing LBP among workers aged 20-70 years. METHODS An analytic cross-sectional study involving 119 participants was carried out in Trisakti University. Lumbosacral angle was measured using Ferguson’s method. Data regarding LBP symptoms, sitting duration, and sitting position were collected using a questionnaire. Sensitivity and specificity was used to describe the characteristics of LSA as a screening test of LBP. RESULTSThe subjects consisted of 66 women (55.5%) and 53 men (44.5 %). Their ages ranged from 20 to 64 years with a median age of 40.0 years. Mean LSA was 37.4 ± 7.3º, while the prevalence of LBP was 75 (63.0%). The optimal cut-off value of LSA for the prediction of LBP was 49.5% (95% CI: 0.385-0.606). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of LSA in detecting LBP were 58.7%, 45.5%, 68.8%, and 43.6%. CONCLUSIONSThe radiographic lumbosacral angle has a low yield for the diagnosis of LBP among workers aged 20-70 years. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and to test the application of this measurement.

The Relationship Of Working Posture And Individual Factors With Complaints Of Low Back Pain In Brick-Making Workers In South Jambi In 2020

Jambi City 40.5% of diseases are caused by work activities and musculoskeletal complaints, including the 10 largest diseases. Low back pain is a muscelusceletal complaint that is often suffered. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between work posture and individual factors with complaints of low back pain in brick-making workers in the South Jambi District. This type of research was an observasional research with a cross sectional design. The population of this study were all workers in the small brick-making industry in South Jambi District, Jambi City. The number of samples was 66 workers who were taken by proportional random sampling. The data obtained were analyzed with the chi-square test. Workers who experience work postures with a RULA value of 7 must implement changes as quickly as possible as many as 10 workers (15.2%), workers who experience work postures with a RULA value of 5-6 must carry out investigations and immediate improvements as many as 17 workers (25.8) , Workers who have a work posture with a RULA value of 3-4 may need a change of 21 workers (31.8%), Workers who have a work posture with a RULA value of 1-2 good work postures and can be accepted as many as 18 workers (27.3% ). Workers as many as 50 workers (75.8%) and 17 people (25 , 8%) have an abnormal BMI and are at risk. The factors associated with pain relief under work posture obtained p-value: 0.054 (˃0.05) with a PR value: 1.768 (95% CI: 0.961-3.253), age obtained p- value: 0.014 (< 0, 05) with PR value: 2,240 (95% CI: 1,059-4,738) and BMI obtained p-value: 0,322 (˃0,05) with PR value: 1,237 (95% CI: 0835-1,826). There were relationship between work posture and complaints of low back pain in workers, but there is no close relationship between BMI and complaints of low back pain in brick-making workers in The South Jambi District.

Factors associated with low back pain in workers’ health

Introduction: Low back pain or low back pain is described as a public health problem worldwide. The high incidence of low back pain is associated with work activities, since in this environment postural standards are adopted with permanence for long periods, causing damage to workers' health, which causes a reduction in productivity, absenteeism and significant interference in quality of life. This study aimed to identify the main factors responsible for the onset of low back pain in workers. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate scientific publications that related the contributing factors for the emergence of the etiology of low back pain in the work environment. Methodology: A search was performed in the Google Scholar, SciELO and Lilacs databases, in the periods of July and August 2021, using the following keywords: Low back pain, low back pain, sedentary lifestyle, Functionality. Studies published in the last ten years were selected, and 2,890 results were found, where of these 18 were selected for full reading and 5 contemplated in the present study, as included in the objectives of this research. Results: The studies reviewed in this research find some factors as being the most associated with the onset of low back pain in the worker, which are: sedentary lifestyle or physical inactivity, as well as the vicious posture, age and function developed by the worker. Considerations: The labor environment creates a favorable ambience for the appearance of low back pain, since this provides functional limitations and consequently a decrease in the quality of life of workers. It is emphasized the need for further research, with a greater number of articles researched or reviews, in order to explore in more detail these factors of relationship with low back pain in workers, as well as the main functional repercussions on their lives.

Association of Changes in Low Back Pain in Workers and Presenteeism Following an Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Infection

Association of Changes in Low Back Pain in Workers and Presenteeism Following an Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Infection

Perfil da dor lombar em trabalhadores dos restaurantes de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil

The tasks that workers in university restaurants (URs) perform involves repetitive movements of the back, lifting excessive weight, remaining in a standing posture for prolonged periods of time, and, thus, an evaluation of the lumbar region of these workers is indicated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to outline the profile of lower back pain in workers from the URs of a Public University in the South of Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study, in which participants aged 18 to 59 years, of both sexes, who performed some function within the restaurants of a university in southern Brazil and who reported the presence of lower back pain were selected. Participants were evaluated by a sociodemographic questionnaire, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, a range of motion (ROM) of the lumbar spine evaluation, and the Brazilian Start Back Screening Tool (SBST) questionnaire. Results are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, with a Spearman correlation, and numerical variables as mean and standard deviation or median, minimum, and maximum. Twenty-eight participants were included in the study, 71.4% of whom were women, with a mean age of 36.3 (±10.8) years old. The report of pain above 4 in the VAS was 71.4% of the participants and all had a decrease in ROM in all movements evaluated in the lumbar spine. Most (71.4%) had low risk for psychosocial factors by SBST. The profile of restaurant workers at the evaluated university is characterized by being primarily performed by women, and these workers presented severe pain and limited joint movements in their lumbar region.

Lower back pain profile in restaurant workers at a public university in southern Brazil

The tasks that workers in university restaurants (URs) perform involves repetitive movements of the back, lifting excessive weight, remaining in a standing posture for prolonged periods of time, and, thus, an evaluation of the lumbar region of these workers is indicated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to outline the profile of lower back pain in workers from the URs of a Public University in the South of Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study, in which participants aged 18 to 59 years, of both sexes, who performed some function within the restaurants of a university in southern Brazil and who reported the presence of lower back pain were selected. Participants were evaluated by a sociodemographic questionnaire, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, a range of motion (ROM) of the lumbar spine evaluation, and the Brazilian Start Back Screening Tool (SBST) questionnaire. Results are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, with a Spearman correlation, and numerical variables as mean and standard deviation or median, minimum, and maximum. Twenty-eight participants were included in the study, 71.4% of whom were women, with a mean age of 36.3 (±10.8) years old. The report of pain above 4 in the VAS was 71.4% of the participants and all had a decrease in ROM in all movements evaluated in the lumbar spine. Most (71.4%) had low risk for psychosocial factors by SBST. The profile of restaurant workers at the evaluated university is characterized by being primarily performed by women, and these workers presented severe pain and limited joint movements in their lumbar region.

Chronic nonspecific backpain in workers revealed as specific one by enlarged assessments and therby enabling successful treatment. Clinical observations

Chronic nonspecific backpain in workers revealed as specific one by enlarged assessments and therby enabling successful treatment. Clinical observations

The Effects of Workplace Interventions on Low Back Pain in Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of workplace interventions (WI) on clinical outcomes related to low back pain (LBP) in a worker population, and to assess socio-economic parameters as participants on sick leave, days of sick leave, and return to work following WI. A systematic literature search was performed to select randomized clinical trials that investigated the effectiveness of WI on return to work, sick leave, and working capacity of workers affected by nonspecific LBP. Fourteen articles were included in the review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed improvements in pain (p = 0.004), disability (p = 0.0008), fear-avoidance for psychical activity (p = 0.004), and quality of life (p = 0.001 for physical scale and p = 0.03 for mental scale) for patients who underwent WI compared to controls. Moreover, the pain reduction following WI was statistically significant in the healthcare workers’ group (p = 0.005), but not in the other workers’ group. The participants on sick leave and the number of days of sick leave decreased in the WI group without statistical significance (p = 0.85 and p = 0.10, respectively). Finally, LBP recurrence was significantly reduced in the WI group (p = 0.006). WI led to a significant improvement of clinical outcomes in a workers’ population affected by LBP.

Are Sitting Position and Working Duration Associated with Low Back Pain in Workers?: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is general­ly suffered by adults due to the position of the activity while working continuously. LBP can have an impact on an individual's quality of life because it can cause pain and impaired body/ movement functions. This study aims to syste­matically and quantitatively synthesized the relationships of sitting posture position, work­ing duration, and low back pain in workers. Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by collecting articles from a number of databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the article search were “Low Back Pain” AND “Low Back Pain” AND “Office Employees” “work attitude”, “work atti­tude” AND “years of service OR “Low Back Pain” Low Back Pain OR work attitude” “years of service” OR “work attitude” “Work attitude AND Low Back Pain OR Low Back Pain AND “year of service “Low Back Pain” AND “adjust­ed odds ratio” “Years of service” AND “adjusted odds ratio ”Pathophysiology Low Back Pain. Articles were collected and selected using the PICO model, including: (1) Population = office workers, (2) Intervention = sitting position and length of service, (3) Comparison= without intervention, and (4) Outcome= low back pain. Inclusion criteria in this study is full-text, the article uses an observational study design, the article is published from 2004 to 2021, the research population is workers, reports the Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR). The articles that have been collected are selected using the PRISMA diagram. The qualitative synthesis of research data was tested using the Review Manager application (RevMan 5.3). Results: Meta-analysis of 9 cross-sectional studies showed that workers who worked 5 years had a risk of experiencing low back pain 1.43 times compared to <5 years (aOR= 1.87; 95% CI= 1.43 to 0.95; p= 0.08). Meta-analysis of 7 cross-sectional studies showed that workers who sat for 8 hours had a risk of expe­riencing low back pain 1.31 times com­pared to <8 hours (aOR= 1.31; 95% CI = 0.64 to 2.54, p= 0.43). Conclusion: Length of work 5 years and sitting position 8 hours increase the risk of experiencing low back pain in office employees. Keywords: low back pain, sitting position, working period, office worker Correspondence: Herawati Prianggi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: herawatiprianggii@gmail.com. Mobile: 089670447344 Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 211-221 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.08

Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain Di PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makassar

Ergonomic is compatibility between working tools and workers who not suitable can cause workers to feel uncomfortable and decreased worker of productivity. One from things related of ergonomics is work position. In this case such as long standing, lifting, pushing, sitting position, etc. Workers of body activity that is not good in the long term will cause Low back pain (LBP) or Lower Back Pain (NPB).The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of Low Back Pain in PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makassar .. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional study design, a total sample of 58 people and using a purposive sampling method and data analysis is tested by conducting a statistical test that is chi square.The results showed there was no relation between age and the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.697&gt; 0.05, there was a relation between duration time of work and the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.004 &lt;0.05 and there was a relation between work ergonomics with the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.012 &lt;0.05.Based on the results of this study concluded there ere no relation between the variables with the incidence of low back pain in workers at PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makssar in the factory section 1. Suggestions It is expected that workers improve their working methods of paying attention to health by applying ergonomic work principles to avoid injury, and other occupational diseases.Keywords: Low Back Pain, Age, Duration Of Work, Ergonomics

Spinal Cord Belt (MSB) as a Method of Reducing the Level of Low Back Pain in Cashier Pos Ticket Worker at Panakkukang Mall in Makassar

Background. PT.Centerpark in collaboration with Panakkukang Makassar Mall is a formal company engaged in providing parking services. Worker in this company wrork every day with an average of 8 hours a day, in a day worker is able to sit for 7 hours. So the risk of complaints pos ticket workers is very high. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using MSB on decrasing complaints of low back pain in the cash register cashiers at Panakkukang Mall Makassar in 2019. This study used pre and post tests to assess the level of low back pain in workers. Material and Method. The type of research used was an experimental quasi. The sampling method uses simple purposive sampling. The study was conducted in November - February 2020. The number of sampling was 30 people. The data analysis technique used in this study is Chi-square and Mann Whitney test. Results. The results showed that as The average level of low back pain before and after the use of MSB in the intervention group before using MSB the mean value is 4.93 mg/dl (SD = 1.03) after using MSB the mean value is 2.53 mg/dl (SD = 0.91). The use of MSB on the level of low back pain after treatment in the intervention group p (0,000) &lt; p (0.05). The use of MSB on the level of low back pain after treatment in the control group was p (0,317) &gt; p (0.05). There was a difference in changes in the scale of low back pain before and after using MSB in the intervention and control groups p (0,000) &lt;p (0.05). Conclusion. There is a difference in the average level of the lower back before and after the use of MSB on the basis of the time before the use of MSB the average value of the worker level is 4.93 mg/dl (SD = 1.03) after using MSB 53 mg/dl (SD = 0.91). It is recommended for workers to use MSB tools every time they work.

A core stability and endurance exercise period on back pain and CRP serum levels in the male workers with chronic low back pain.

Intriduction: Aim of this research was investigate of 8 week core stability and endurance exercise on backe pain and CRP serum levels in the male workers with chronic low back pain. Method: This research was a semi-expreimental study and male workers 30-40 years Pars Khodro factory in 1394 that formed the statistical population. 30 person selected from among volunteers, and were divided into two groups of combined training (core stability, endurance) (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). In the baseline stage evaluated the amount of back pain with McGill pain questionnaire and also CRP levels through brachial blood samples. The members of the experimental group participated in 8-week exercise that included three days a week training core stability exercises and three days a week endurance exercise, and the control group were barred from participating in regularly exercise. After eight weeks, the amount of pain and the level of CRP were measured in both groups. Result: Our findings showed that 8 week core stability and enduance exercise leads to a signifiance reduction of back pain and CRP levels (P=0.001). Also, there was a significant association between CRP level and the amount of back pain in workers men as a result of participating in the training program (P=0.018). Conclusion: Due to the combined effects of core stability exercises and aerobic exercises to reduce pain and inflammation, people working in different professions can be used to reduce back pain or prevent it, to participate in this type of training.

Kinesiophobia is not required to predict chronic low back pain in workers: a decision curve analysis

BackgroundCurrently used performance measures for discrimination were not informative to determine the clinical benefit of predictor variables. The purpose was to evaluate if a former relevant predictor, kinesiophobia, remained clinically relevant to predict chronic occupational low back pain (LBP) in the light of a novel discriminative performance measure, Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), using the Net Benefit (NB).MethodsProspective cohort data (n = 170) of two merged randomized trials with workers with LBP on sickleave, treated with Usual Care (UC) were used for the analyses. An existing prediction model for chronic LBP with the variables ‘a clinically relevant change in pain intensity and disability status in the first 3 months’, ‘baseline measured pain intensity’ and ‘kinesiophobia’ was compared with the same model without the variable ‘kinesiophobia’ using the NB and DCA.ResultsBoth prediction models showed an equal performance according to the DCA and NB. Between 10 and 95% probability thresholds of chronic LBP risk, both models were of clinically benefit. There were virtually no differences between both models in the improved classification of true positive (TP) patients.ConclusionsThis study showed that the variable kinesiophobia, which was originally included in a prediction model for chronic LBP, was not informative to predict chronic LBP by using DCA. DCA and NB have to be used more often to develop clinically beneficial prediction models in workers because they are more sensitive to evaluate the discriminate ability of prediction models.

Low back pain in workers. Occupational risk and related variables

IntroductionLow back pain is a prevalent condition with health, social and occupational impact. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of social and occupational factors on worker patients with low back pain. MethodA descriptive study was conducted on 349 subjects with low back pain. The main independent variable was being a manual or non-manual worker. Other social-occupational and lifestyle variables were also considered. The level of disability was established according to the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire, and the association between the type of job and the test was evaluated using multiple linear regressions. ResultsManual workers are heavier smokers (47%), experience more pain (74.3%), have a lower economic status (89.3%), use more drugs (57.7%), have limitations in walking (17.5%) and standing (25.6%), used carrying protocols (85.5%), make repetitive movements (77.4%). They made trunk (52.6%) and upper limb movements (24.8%), and received less prevention training (51.7%), but used low back protection (19.6%).The non-manual workers had greater limitation in handling loads (37.4%) and sitting (43.5%), and computer screen user protocols were applied (94.8%), and had a lower social class classification (57.1 low-middle class).Performing manual tasks at work is significantly associated with an increase of 2 points in the Oswestry test compared to non-manual workers, when adjusted for age and gender (coefficient β: 2, 95% CI: 0.6–3.36). ConclusionLow back pain is a prevalent condition, with an unfavorable prognosis that has an individual, social, and occupational impact. Performing manual tasks is associated with an increase in the disability scale, regardless of age and gender.

Factors Related to Complaints of Low Back Pain in Workers in Pt Maruki International Indonesia Makassar City

Low Back Pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal disorder that occurs in the lower back caused by various diseases and poor body activities. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with complaints of low back pain in workers at PT Maruki International Indonesia Makassar City in 2017. This type of research is analytic observation with a cross sectional approach. The sample technique uses 72 purposive sampling. Data analysis was univariate and bivariate using computer programs and using chi square test analysis to determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The study found that the prevalence of LBP complaints was felt by 49 workers (68.1%). The results of the analysis of the relationship of each variable with complaints of low back pain are work attitude (p = 0, 000), age (p = 0, 594), work period (p = 0, 010), Body Mass Index (p = 0, 036) and smoking habits (p = 0, 715). The conclusions of this study are work attitudes, years of service and body mass index have a relationship with complaints of low back pain. While age and smoking habits have no relationship with complaints of low back pain.

Postur Kerja dan Risiko Low Back Pain pada Pekerja Pasiran

One of the manual matrial handling jobs is the derivative work from the top of the truck. In working the workers use a tool that enggrong which is a short-handed shovel. Due to the use of employee enggrong work with stooped posture. This work posture raises the potential for low back pain in workers. This study is a cross sectional study with a sample of 9 participants. The purpose of research is to find potential risks of low back pain based on angle trunk when workers work sent down the sand by enggrong. Angle trunk which is predicted covering: 1 angle trunk flexion, 2) angle trunk bending, and 3) angle trunk twisting. Work posture data was taken using Microsoft KinectTM 3D camera and analyzed by using Siemen Jack 3D Static Strength Prediction Program (3DSSPP) software to predict angle trunk. The result of the analysis of the 6 work postures showed that worker's frequently employed posture had the average angle trunk flexion of 61.10 ± 10.090, angle trunk bending of 19.80 ± 6.740 and angle trunk twisting of 20.00 ± 9.030. The average angle trunk flexion at 87.28% of maximal angle is a major cause risk low back pain. So that it can be summed up the potential for low back pain on sand workers. Intervention ergonomics need to prevent and reduce potential risks happened low back pain on sand workers.