Bacillus Thuringiensis cry1Ac Gene Research Articles

Stable Bacillus thuringiensis transgene introgression from Brassica napus to wild mustard B. juncea

Transgenic canola (Brassica napus) with a Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene was used in hybridization experiments with wild Brassica juncea. Hybrid F1 and successive five backcross generations were obtained.The pod-set frequency on backcrossed B. juncea plants was over 66%, which suggested relatively high crossing compatibility between the hybrids and wild species. The seed setting in BC1 was the least of all generations tested, and then increased at the BC2 generation for which the thousand-seed weight was the highest of all generations. Seed size in backcrossed generations eventually approached that of the wild parent. The plants in all backcrossed generations were consistent with the expected 1:1 segregation ratio of the transgenes. The Bt Cry1Ac protein concentrations at bolting and flowering stages was higher compared to the 4–5-leaf and pod-formation stages. Nonetheless, the Bt toxin in the fifth backcrossing generation (BC5) was sufficient to kill both polyphagous (Helicoverpa armigera) and oligophagous (Plutella xylostella) Lepidoptera.As a consequence, the subsequent generations harboring the transgene from F1 to BC5 could have selection advantage against insect pests. The result is useful in understanding gene flow from transgenic crops and the followed transgene introgression into wild.

Transgenic tetraploid Isatis indigotica expressing Bt Cry1Ac and Pinellia ternata agglutinin showed enhanced resistance to moths and aphids

Co-expression of multiple genes encoding different kinds of insect resistant proteins has been developed to confer a broader spectrum of pest control. Tetraploid Isatis indigotica Fort was transformed with a plasmid, p3300BP, containing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac gene (Bt) and Pinellia ternata agglutinin gene (Pta) and the selectable marker herbicide resistance gene (Bar) driven by the CaMV35S promoter via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The integration and expression of introduced genes in regenerated transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR and Western blot assays. Insect bioassay test demonstrated transgenic lines had significant inhibition to diamondback moths (Plutella xylostella L.) and peach potato aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) simultaneously. Our study reported here would be a great motivation for field culture of tetraploid I. indigotica, also providing an efficient molecular breeding strategy to provide insect tolerant plants.

Genetically modified coffee plants expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene for resistance to leaf miner.

A synthetic version of the cry1Ac gene of Bacillus thuringiensis has been used for the transformation of coffee species (Coffea canephora and C. arabica) to confer resistance to an important pest, the coffee leaf miner (Perileucoptera coffeella and other Leucoptera spp). Somatic embryos were co-cultivated with the LBA4404 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing the cry1Ac gene. More than 100 transformed plants from independent transformation events were obtained for each coffee genotype. The integration and expression of the cry1Ac gene was studied, and effective resistance of transgenic plants against leaf miner was verified in bioassays with the insects. These plants could represent a good opportunity to analyse the impact of genetic engineering of perennial crops for sustainable resistance to an obligate endocarpic pest using a B. thuringiensis insecticidal protein.

Localization of epilepsy genes in mice

Transgenic canola (Brassica napus) with a Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene was used in hybridization experiments with wild Brassica juncea. Hybrid F1 and successive five backcross generations were obtained.The pod-set frequency on backcrossed B. juncea plants was over 66%, which suggested relatively high crossing compatibility between the hybrids and wild species. The seed setting in BC1 was the least of all generations tested, and then increased at the BC2 generation for which the thousand-seed weight was the highest of all generations. Seed size in backcrossed generations eventually approached that of the wild parent. The plants in all backcrossed generations were consistent with the expected 1:1 segregation ratio of the transgenes. The Bt Cry1Ac protein concentrations at bolting and flowering stages was higher compared to the 4–5-leaf and pod-formation stages. Nonetheless, the Bt toxin in the fifth backcrossing generation (BC5) was sufficient to kill both polyphagous (Helicoverpa armigera) and oligophagous (Plutella xylostella) Lepidoptera.As a consequence, the subsequent generations harboring the transgene from F1 to BC5 could have selection advantage against insect pests. The result is useful in understanding gene flow from transgenic crops and the followed transgene introgression into wild.

Tumour necrosis factor-α in multiple sclerosis

Transgenic canola (Brassica napus) with a Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene was used in hybridization experiments with wild Brassica juncea. Hybrid F1 and successive five backcross generations were obtained.The pod-set frequency on backcrossed B. juncea plants was over 66%, which suggested relatively high crossing compatibility between the hybrids and wild species. The seed setting in BC1 was the least of all generations tested, and then increased at the BC2 generation for which the thousand-seed weight was the highest of all generations. Seed size in backcrossed generations eventually approached that of the wild parent. The plants in all backcrossed generations were consistent with the expected 1:1 segregation ratio of the transgenes. The Bt Cry1Ac protein concentrations at bolting and flowering stages was higher compared to the 4–5-leaf and pod-formation stages. Nonetheless, the Bt toxin in the fifth backcrossing generation (BC5) was sufficient to kill both polyphagous (Helicoverpa armigera) and oligophagous (Plutella xylostella) Lepidoptera.As a consequence, the subsequent generations harboring the transgene from F1 to BC5 could have selection advantage against insect pests. The result is useful in understanding gene flow from transgenic crops and the followed transgene introgression into wild.