Axis Solar Tracking Research Articles

Comparative performance evaluation of dual-axis solar trackers: Enhancing solar harvesting efficiency

Nowadays, renewable energy is a much discussable topic because of its important specifications such as pollution and un end sources. This paper emphasizes the importance and capabilities of the dual axis solar tracking system (DASTS) of solar cell technologies. The study carried out a practical process of a dual-axis system design, which practically demonstrates the influence of dual-axis solar trackers, including their operational principles, advantages, and associated challenges. Furthermore, it has been shown that dual-axis solar trackers can significantly increase solar energy yield by capturing maximum sunlight, making them an important advancement in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of solar energy generation. The paper also presents a performance evaluation of a solar tracker system that improved energy output by 45 % compared to the fixed solar panel (FSP) while also reducing the numerical calculation (NC) efficiency of DASTS by 3.16 %. Based on these findings, solar tracker systems can provide sustainable and environmentally friendly energy solutions that are both feasible and substantial.

Hardware implementation of type-2 fuzzy logic control for single axis solar tracker

Solar tracker widely maximizes solar energy harvesting by maintaining a perpendicular relative position between the sun and the solar panel. Single and dual-axis solar tracker controllers are the most control mechanisms that are widely implemented. The single-axis solar tracker (SAST) is preferable between those two control mechanisms due to economic and simpler control algorithm features. Many control algorithms have been proposed to improve the performance of SAST. The conventional proportional integral derivative (PID) controller has major limitations mainly corresponding to slower response. Moreover, it cannot handle the uncertainties of the sunlight. To overcome the problem, type 2-fuzzy logic control (T2-FLC) is proposed. The single-axis solar tracker controller based on T2-FLC is applied in Arduino and implemented in the hardware environment. It was monitored that the T2-FLC provides much better responses than the conventional controllers in terms of better dynamic response and more efficiency in harvesting solar energy.

Design of Model Predictive Control and IoT for Experimental Dual Axis Solar Tracker System based on FPGA

Design of Model Predictive Control and IoT for Experimental Dual Axis Solar Tracker System based on FPGA

Solar Panel Sun-Rays Tracking and Cleaning System for Improvement in Power Efficiency

There is an increasing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and find more environmentally friendly ways to power the planet. An estimated 4 billion years will pass before the sun stops shining, making it a renewable natural power source. A sustainable method of generating electricity from the sun's energy is offered by solar power systems. In comparison with single axis solar tracker, a dual axis solar tracker tracks the sun at every instance hereby increasing the efficiency by 30-35%. In this system we have a solar panel which tracks the position of the sun and always try to remain perpendicular to sun rays. It will track the sun in all four directions i.e east-west and north-south. This paper focus more on Design of Dual tracking system, which includes installation of GPS and RTC system, stored energy usage for application , periodic cleaning in order to maintain efficiency of panel and comparative analysis of stored energy. Alternative, less expensive options have been suggested because the solar tracking equipment is expensive to manufacture.The goal of this effort is to create a solar dual tracking system model that includes solar panel cleaning as well.

Fabrication, Design, and Analysis of Dual Axis Solar Tracking System

Energy crisis is one of the prime issues in the third world developing country like Bangladesh. There is an enormous gap between generation and demand of electrical energy. Nearly 50% of the population of the country is extremely isolated from this blessing. Renewable energy is the only answer to solve this issue. Solar energy is one of the most effective resources of renewable energy which could play a significant role in solving this crisis. This research presents a performance analysis of the dual axis solar tracking system using Arduino. The main objective of this research is whether a static solar panel is better than a solar tracker or not. This work is divided into two parts, hardware, and software system. In the hardware part, four light dependent resistors (LDR) is used to detect the utmost light source from the sun. Two servo motors conjointly used to move the solar panel to maximum light source location perceived by the LDRs. In the software part, the code is written by using C programming language and has targeted to the Arduino UNO controller. The outcome of the solar tracker system has analyzed and compared with the fixed or static solar panel found better performance in terms of voltage, current and power. Therefore, the solar tracker has proved more practical for capturing the maximum sunlight supply for star harvesting applications. The result showed dual- axis solar tracking system produced extra 10.53-watt power compared with fixed and single axis solar tracking system. Key Words: Solar Pannel, Servo Motor, LDR

Dual axis solar tracking system for agriculture applications using machine learning

The three most basic amenities required for human survival are food, shelter and clothing. In today's tech-savvy generation, these have experienced a great deal of scientific advancement. Unfortunately, agriculture is still more man power-oriented. So they have to rely on the hit and trial method to learn from experience which leads to waste of time. In proposed work includes an automated system using dual axis solar tracking system and gives crop recommendation for different types of soil to yield maximum. The suggested system is a dual-axis solar tracker based on machine learning that is intended to considerably increase the effectiveness of energy harvesting. The approach makes use of the logistic regression algorithm (LR) to do this. This novel strategy tries to maximize the solar panel's ability to produce energy, leading to increased energy yields. The quality of soil is predicted by using suitable sensors for crop recommendation. The data’s are temperature, humidity, pH of soil, nitrogen, phosphorous & potassium in soil and rainfall in soil are considered. For crop recommendation six algorithms- SVM, KNN, Native Bays, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree classifier, Random Forest Classifier are applied and tested. It is found that random forest classifier gave us excellent results.

Azimuth Angle and Magnetic Declination to Maximize Solar Panel Efficiency (Solar Tracking System)

This study presents the idea of power production through the solar which depends on the light intensity that falls on the solar panel. This project utilizes dual axis solar tracking system based on intensity of light using Arduino UNO. The hardware implementation includes an Arduino UNO and four LDR sensor for sensing the maximum intensity of light. Two DC motors are used, one motor is used for horizontal rotation and the second motor is used for the vertical rotation. This system includes the implementation of MPPT. It controls the charge and stores it in a battery. Battery provides 12V to inverter where DC voltages convert into AC voltages. SPWM inverter is designed over push pull topology. In conclusion, the proposed system operates on low input power and delivers high efficiency in output.

Pengembangan e-Modul Panel Surya dengan Solar Tracker Single Axis pada Mata Kuliah Energi Baru dan Terbarukan Universitas Sebelas Maret

<p><em>The Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret, there is one of the new courses in the 2021 curriculum (independent curriculum, independent campus learning), namely New and Renewable Energy. The learning tools in the course are not yet fully available. Learning tools continue to progress with the times, and e-modules are one of them. In this research developed a new and renewable energy learning e-module with a focus on utilizing solar energy using solar panels. Solar panels used are static solar panels and solar panels with a single axis solar tracker. The purpose of this study is to develop learning e-modules and find out the feasibility to be used in New and Renewable Energy courses. This study uses the Research and Development research method, with a 4-D model research model (Four D model), namely Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The Define stage results that the New and Renewable Energy course requires supporting learning tools, in the form of e-modules, e-module users are students of Mechanical Engineering Education class of 2021, with theoretical and practical learning concepts. The Design stage selects the format, drafts, and makes the initial draft. The Development stage tested the design results to two material expert lecturers, and the validation test of two media expert lecturers, then tested to 11 students. In the Disseminate stage, the e-module is submitted to the Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. For the results of this development research, in the expert test this e-module material obtained a score of 90.52% with a very decent category, in the media expert test a score of 88.88% was obtained with a very decent category. The results of the trial to students obtained a score of 84% with a very decent category.</em><em></em></p>

Design of a dual axis solar tracking system with strong wind protection system

The article discusses a model of a two-axis solar tracker with a control algorithm that provides a system of protection from strong winds, increasing the performance and reliability of a two-axis solar tracker, paying special attention to optimizing the controller board and software. The article also discusses formulas for determining the location of the sun, which can be used in the control algorithm of a solar two-axis tracker, which takes into account both daily and seasonal movements. As well as auxiliary trigonometric functions in the standard library of the programming language. Experimental studies have been conducted to confirm the need to equip a photovoltaic module with a solar tracker to obtain maximum energy efficiency.

Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with Weather Monitoring System

This paper presents the design and implementation of a solar tracking system integrated with weather monitoring capabilities. The system is designed to maximize the efficiency of solar panels by continuously adjusting their orientation to track the sun's position throughout the day. In addition to solar tracking, the system incorporates weather monitoring sensors to collect real-time data on environmental conditions such as cloud cover, wind speed, temperature and light intensity. This data is utilized to dynamically adjust the solar panel's position to optimize energy production and system performance in varying weather conditions. The integration of dual-axis tracking with weather monitoring enhances the overall efficiency and reliability of solar energy systems, making them more adaptable to changing environmental factors and increasing their potential for renewable energy generation.

Solar Tracking Systems – A Review

The biggest challenge and concern for the upcoming 50 years is the idea of power generation, by making less use of the fossil fuels. The idea of solar energy as fuel, and the fact that we can convert freely available energy which we receive from the sun into usable energy, is fascinating, and is probably at the highest priority at the moment as compared to other renewable energy sources. Although solar energy as fuel is the go-to form of green energy, it is faced with some problems. The two main problems are, first, it is geographically constrained and second is that it is nearly impossible to collect a hundred percent heat energy from the sun at every single point of the day. This happens because the relative angle of the sun changes continuously with respect to the earth. This leads to a problem. The watts delivered by the solar panels gets reduced. Thus, it gets more challenging to generate power. To overcome this problem, developers and researchers came up with an innovative solution, “Solar Trackers”. After a lot of studies and extensive research conducted on this technology, it can staunchly said that solar trackers are the best alternative as compared to static solar panels, for increasing the efficiency. In this paper different types of tracking systems, their setups and comparison in between their performances are reviewed. After carefully analysing and comparing different results obtained from different solar tracking systems, we can say that altitude and azimuth dual axis solar trackers are more coherent, accurate and efficient in collecting the radiation as compared to the traditional static solar panels and the single axis solar trackers. However, we should also consider the fact that the dual axis solar trackers are not pocket friendly and are not feasible to install compared with the single axis solar tracking system.

Dual Axis Solar Tracking of Solar Radiation for Agriculture usage

Energy is one of the important parts of our life. As there is decline in fossil fuels and increasing demand for energy an alternate energy source is required which is renewable energy source like solar, wind etc. So, we use solar panels which trap the energy from the sun and produce electricity, and this energy is used for agriculture purpose like to run water pumps and to meet other energy requirements in agriculture. Due to rotation of earth the stationery solar panel will receive energy only for smaller duration so to overcome this we use dual axis tracking system which rotates solar panel according to direction of sun and helps in producing more solar energy. Agriculture is one of the major contributing sectors to the economy of a country and it requires automation and advanced technology so that it helps farmers in producing more yield and better crops. So, in agriculture continuous monitoring of soil and water level is required so we can automate this which helps the farmers where the device continuously monitors and depending upon the moisture level of the soil the water pumps get on automatically and we can use this for different crops and set threshold depending upon the crop type. And we can also integrate this idea with IOT technology for improvements. By this we create sustainable energy indirectly producing sustainable environment.

Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with Weather Sensor

Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with Weather Sensor

Monitoring solar heat intensity of dual axis solar tracker control system: New approach

Control of the amount of solar energy successfully absorbed by photovoltaic system equipment that can follow the movement of sunlight vertically and horizontally at any time is a very urgent need. The method used in this research activity is the utilization of the ESP8266 microcontroller as the primary control of photovoltaic movements that can follow the direction of sunlight based on information from the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor. The data variables measured and stored include current, voltage, and temperature, which are then processed and transmitted by the ESP 8266 microcontroller to the user through the Internet of Things (IoT) media to the BLINK application. The experimental results show that the proposed system using the ESP8266 microcontroller and LDR sensor increases efficiency, accuracy, speed, and convenience in the monitoring and control system of sunlight intensity by an average of 65%, compared with the manual monitoring system.

Initial Design of Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with the Addition of Camera and Cooling System

Solar panels have been widely used to determine solar energy as an electrical energy generator. However, the installation of solar panels is still static, so it cannot follow the sun's movement optimally. Solar panels with dual-axis tracking have a wide range in the tracking process. The range that can be tracked by dual-axis tracking is azimuth angle and altitude, while single-axis tracking can only choose one side of the angle. In this study, the initial design of the dual-axis solar tracking system was made with cameras and cooling systems combined with heatsinks and tubular pipes. The design made is in the form of a CAD design using SolidWorks software, and the design made will be used for subsequent research, In this solar panel, the fill factor results are 0.634, and the efficiency of solar panels is 17.53% with the addition of a cooling system which can reduce the temperature of solar panels is expected to be higher efficiency. The study results were obtained in the design of a solar tracker with the addition of a cooling system that will later reduce the temperature and increase the efficiency of solar panel about 0.38% every 1℃ decreases of temperature.

Maxi dual axis solar tracker system

In this work, a maxi dual axis solar tracker is proposed. This tracker is used to track the sun path within a day and during a year. The tracking system is composed of two parts: mechanical and electrical parts. The mechanical part is composed of panel carrier, panel carrier rotator according to horizontal/vertical axis, two actuators. The electrical part is composed of light sensor, microcontroller, relays. The light sensor receives an artificial light and sends a potential difference as an analog signal to microcontroller. The microcontroller converts the analog signal into a digital signal using ADC and sends it to relays. The relays activate the two actuators to orient the maxi solar PV into the artificial light with the purpose to produce maximum energy.

A Building-Integrated Bifacial and Transparent PV Generator Operated by an “Under-Glass” Single Axis Solar Tracker

Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) play a key role in the world energy transition. This is motivating the scientific community to develop innovative electrical and thermal systems characterized by very high efficiency to specifically address the energy needs of modern buildings. Naturally, the integration of the latest generation photovoltaic (PV) systems into buildings helps to satisfy this need, and, with this objective in mind, an innovative and highly efficient building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system is presented and discussed in this paper. The proposed PV system is purpose-built to be fully integrated into a variety of buildings (preferably into their rooftops) and assumes the form of a PV skylight. It is based on a certain number of innovative rotating bifacial PV modules, which are specifically made to be installed “under-glass” within a custom-made transparent casing. Thanks to their properties, the PV modules can be rotated using a very low-power, reliable, and efficient mono-axial solar tracking system, fully protected against adverse atmospheric agents. Once the proposed PV skylight is fully integrated into a building, it generates electricity and, additionally, helps to improve both the energy performance and the aesthetic appearance of the building. The electricity generation and illuminance performances of the proposed PV skylight are experimentally tested using a low-power homemade prototype driven by different solar tracking logics and under different operating conditions; the most relevant results are summarized and extensively discussed. The main outcome of the experimental study is that the most effective performance of the PV skylight is obtained by installing, in its available surface, the maximum possible number of rotating bifacial PV modules, side by side and with no empty spaces between them.

A DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKER WITH A HYBRID CASCADED MULTILEVEL INVERTER

Energy crisis is one of the biggest problems in developing countries. There is a big gap between generation and demand of Electric energy. Solar energy which is present in abundance can play a vital role to overcome the energy deficiency. The potential of solar voltaic energy can also be exploited for averting environmental pollution and managing atmospheric emission. This project work provides a proposal for design of an inverter using dual axis solar tracker installed on rooftop with a single phase hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter. The output of a photovoltaic panel depends on its position with respect to the sun at any instant of time. To extract the maximum power from the panel, tracking systems are generally used for positioning it at an optimal angle. . This project focuses on presenting the structure and application of a microcontroller based dual axis solar tracker which tracks the direction of the solar radiation thereby adjusting the movement of solar panel accordingly. This facilitates the sun to remain perpendicular to the PV panel throughout the day which makes the total energy received to be increased by 30-40%. The energy hence received gets stored in a chargeable battery. This battery has an inverter attached to it so that whenever there is a power-cut, the stored energy may be used to light up the appliances. This project also provides single phase hybrid cascaded modular multilevel inverter topology which is derived from a proposed modified H-bridge (MHB) module. This topology results in the reduction of number of power switches, losses, installation area, voltage stress and converter cost. For renewable energy environment such as Photovoltaic (PV) connected to the micro- grid system, it enables the transformer less operation and enhances the power quality. This multilevel inverter is an effective and efficient power electronic interface strategy for renewable energy systems. The verification of the applicability and performance of the proposed structure in PV renewable energy environment, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT (IJSREM) VOLUME: 07 ISSUE: 09 | SEPTEMBER - 2023 SJIF RATING: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM25875 | Page 2 simulation results were carried out by MATLAB/SIMULINK under both steady state and dynamic conditions was completed.

New approach for improving the performance of dual axis solar tracker with auto cleaning system

New approach for improving the performance of dual axis solar tracker with auto cleaning system

Design and Implementation of a Stable Single Axis Solar Tracking System for Photovoltaic Applications

Hücre üretim teknolojilerindeki iyileştirmelere rağmen, modüllerin enerji dönüştürme oranlarının hâlâ istenen düzeyde olmaması fotovoltaik sistemlerin en önemli olumsuzluklarından biridir. Bu amaçla bir fotovoltaik sistemden daha yüksek enerji eldesi için güneş takip sistemleri kullanılmaktadır. Literatürde bu alanda yapılmış birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen, bu çalışmaların büyük bir kısmında genellikle takip sisteminin yazılım ve devre kısmına odaklanılmakta veya oluşturulan küçük boyutlu prototipler üzerinde gerçekleştirilen kısa vadeli test sonuçlarının sunulmasıyla yetinilmektedir. Fotovoltaik sistemlerin uzun yıllar boyunca farklı atmosferik değişimlere maruz kalarak çalıştığı göz önüne alındığında, bu sistemlerle beraber kullanılan güneş takip sistemlerinin farklı hava durumları altında uzun vadeli testlere tabi tutulmaları en doğru yaklaşım olacaktır. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada, tek eksenli bir güneş takip sistemi tasarlanmış ve üretilmiştir. Uygulamanın sürücü devresi ve mekanik aksamıyla ile ilgili tüm detaylar açık bir şekilde belirtilmiştir. Güneş izleyici sistem sayesinde günlük olarak elde edilen verim artışı, ilgili güne ait radyasyon ortalaması ve güneşlenme süresine göre değişmektedir. Sonuçlara göre güneş izleyici sistemin yıllık bazda %30.84 verim artışı sağladığı kaydedilmiştir.