Average Profit Margin Research Articles

Financial Performance Analysis Reviewed from Liquidity, Solvency and Profitability Aspects

This research was conducted to analyze the financial ratios of PT Berlina Tbk during the period 2019 to 2022 see the company’s ability to use ratios. This research uses secondary data by utilizing financial reports and company reports. The analytical tool used in this research is liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios. Based on the results of this research, it can be seen that the level of PT Berlina Tbk liquidity ratio, which is assessed by the average current ratio of 71,04%, cash ratio of 6,06%, and quick ratio of 44,16%, is considered illiquid. The solvency level of PT Berlina Tbk, which is assessed from the average debt to assets ratio of 59,57%, debt to equity ratio of 147,80%, and long-term debt to equity of 64,38%, is also considered not solvable, where the average calculation results the ratio is in poor condition and does not meet industry ratio standards. And for PT Berlina Tbk profitability level which is assessed from an average gross profit margin of 3,43%, net profit margin of 15,43%, and return on assets of 8,40%, which is considered less efficient, there needs to be a policy so that the profits obtained are more efficient.

A Novel Hyperchaotic Financial System with Sinusoidal Hyperbolic Nonlinearity: From Theoretical Analysis to Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Controller Method

Chaotic systems are known to be extremely sensitive to initial conditions, meaning small changes can have a significant impact on the outcomes. By analyzing the average profit margin in relation to chaotic dynamics, companies can conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the potential impact of various factors on their profitability. This analysis can help identify critical variables or scenarios that may significantly affect profit margins. In this article, we have proposed a hyperchaotic financial system with sinusoidal hyperbolic non-linear variables applied to the average profit margin. Furthermore, we have investigated the stability of the hyperchaotic financial dynamics model to provide information to companies to assess the consistency and reliability of their profitability. In addition, fundamental dynamic behavior like Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation analysis, coexisting attractors have been reported. Finally, a nonlinear feedback control approach is developed to train an adaptive neural fuzzy controller. The application of Lyapunov theory confirms that this nonlinear feedback controller can effectively minimize the synchronization error within a finite duration. The results from simulations establish the effectiveness of the proposed neural fuzzy controller architecture in controlling the synchronization of two hyperchaotic financial models. Additionally, the simulation includes a comparison between the performance of the nonlinear controller and the adaptive neural fuzzy controller.

Sustainability, profitability, and resiliency of the fast fashion industries during a pandemic

The size of the global textile market was estimated at nearly one trillion USD in 2021 and the circularity of fashion items are of utmost practical and economic interests. Many postconsumer textile wastes are not recycled, and are sent to landfills for permanent disposal. This study examines the profitability of the selected fashion companies and compares the financial performance through weighted average net profit margin and business characteristics. The 10 companies are divided into 2 groups (conventional and sustainability) for analysis. The conventional fashion companies have a total sales revenue approximately 23 times higher than that of the sustainability fashion companies. The weighted average net profit ratio of the conventional fashion industry averaging +4.7 during the 5-year study period, much higher than the sustainability fashion group. Sustainability fashion industry is emerging and appears more sensitive to fluctuations in business expenses and COVID lockdowns. Net profit was negative for the sustainability group in 2022, and more aids such as government initiatives and incentive programs may be critical to the growth of the sustainability fashion sector. Both sustainability and conventional groups have positive relations between net profit and number of employees and net profit and market shares, respectively. The results suggest that fashion industry has opportunities to be more profitable by adopting socially responsible goals.

Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan pada PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk Tahun 2018-2022

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk, with a focus on profitability and liquidity ratios during the period 2018-2022. The method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach. This research aims to assess the company's ability to generate profits, meet short-term obligations, and improve its liquidity. The research findings indicate an improvement in profitability over the years, with an average net profit margin of 10.72%. However, operational efficiency remains a concern with an average gross profit margin of 16.95%. While PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk achieves an average return on assets (ROA) of 9.51%, the average return on equity (ROE) is 17.82%. Additionally, liquidity ratios, including the current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio, need to be evaluated to gain a better understanding of the company's financial condition. This study aims to provide deeper insights into the company's financial performance and recommend appropriate improvement measures.
 Keywords: Profitability, Liquidity, Financial Performance

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN DENGAN METODE DU PONT

This research was conducted at automotive and component manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange at PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk and PT Multistrada Arah Sarana Tbk for the period 2015 - 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the company's financial performance at PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk and PT Multistrada Arah. Sarana Tbk in 2015-2019 using the Du Pont System method and what factors affect differences in financial performance. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods and data analysis techniques using the du pont method. The data used in this research is the financial statement data of the companies PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk and PT Multistrada Arah Sarana Tbk for the last five years in 2015-2019. The results of the research that has been done show that the financial statements of PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk and PT Multistrada Arah Sarana Tbk for five years, the authors can conclude that based on the average Return On Assets (ROA), the average Net Profit Margin (NPM), and the average Total Assets Turn Over (TATO), during 2015-2019 shows that PT Gajah Tunggal Tbk, has a better financial performance than PT Multistrada Arah Sarana Tbk. As for the factors causing the decline in the value of TATO, NPM and ROA, namely the decrease in net income due to the influence of total costs and the company's ineffectiveness in managing existing assets, so that the profit resulting from the comparison of the value of net income to total assets is very small.

Analisis Penentuan Margin Pada Pembiayaan Murabahah Di Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) El-Hidayah Khoiru Ummah

Sharia financial institutions are institutions that provide a buying and selling system (murabahah) by trying to avoid the interest system, because bank interest is considered usury and Allah SWT forbids all transactions that contain elements of usury. The aim of this research is to find out how the margin is determined in murabahah financing. In this case the researcher used interview and observation methods. Determining the margin distribution at BMT El-Hidayah Khoiru Ummah is carried out using three methods, including: the sliding profit margin method, the average profit margin method and the flat profit margin method. After conducting research, it is known that murabahah financing on BMT is in accordance with PSAK 102 and the MUI Fatwa.

Economic study of the milk value chain through the Kiganda-Bujumbura Mairie circuit in Burundi

The value chain (VC) analysis of commodity chains is a strategic tool made for measuring, developing and maintaining sustainable a commodity. This paper analyzes the economic dimension of the milk VC through the Kiganda-Bujumbura Mairie circuit in Burundi. Using primary data, a distribution of profit margins between actors was assessed. This survey involved a sample of 67 actors. The sampling technique used was the "snowball" method due to the lack of a sampling frame of actors. Secondary data were also collected in order to complete the primary data. The analysis was carried out using general and quantitative tools compatible with the subject matter. The results show that retailers benefit an average monthly profit margin of 201 Burundian franc (BIF) [US$0.097] per liter with an average monthly turnover of 1,818,733BIF [US$879.48]. Dairy farmers have a monthly profit margin of 187BIF [US$0.090] per liter. Their average monthly turnover is 134,894BIF [US$65.23]. The collectors have a profit margin of 78BIF [US$0.037] per liter with an average monthly turnover of 1,815,000BIF [US$877.67] and the wholesalers have a profit margin of 47BIF [US$0.022] per liter with an average monthly turnover of 7,257,480BIF [US$3,509.52]. Low margins are mainly due to the small quantities of milk produced and high production costs. Dairy farmers breed local breeds, with the constraints of balanced feed. The problem of suitable transport and processing equipment also affects the quality of the milk. Small dairy farm would benefit from forming associations and/or cooperatives. Being in associations and/or in cooperatives, they should be able to breed the improved breed, benefit from other advantages such as training, easy access to veterinary services, agricultural financing credits, etc. Public authorities must at all times monitor compliance with standards governing the dairy sector, and introduce regulatory measures if necessary.

Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk Tahun 2018-2022

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk, with a focus on profitability and liquidity ratios during the period 2018-2022. The method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach. This research aims to assess the company's ability to generate profits, meet short-term obligations, and improve its liquidity. The research findings indicate an improvement in profitability over the years, with an average net profit margin of 10.72%. However, operational efficiency remains a concern with an average gross profit margin of 16.95%. While PT. Bukaka Teknik Utama Tbk achieves an average return on assets (ROA) of 9.51%, the average return on equity (ROE) is 17.82%. Additionally, liquidity ratios, including the current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio, need to be evaluated to gain a better understanding of the company's financial condition. This study aims to provide deeper insights into the company's financial performance and recommend appropriate improvement measures.

Profitability of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora L.) at farm level in Quirino, Philippines

This research study was conducted to determine the profitability of the robusta coffee at farm level from the crop year 2015-2017 in Quirino province, the top two coffee-producing in Cagayan Valley. It specifically aimed to: describe the production and financial management practices of the coffee farmers, analyze the profitability of coffee crop production, identify gaps/constraints encountered by the farmers, and determine innovative solutions to enhance the coffee industry. Three producing municipalities namely, Aglipay, Diffun, and Maddela were selected purposively for the study. Primary data were collected from the coffee farmers and key informants. Secondary data were also obtained from various government and private agencies. The study used a descriptive research method with a structured survey questionnaire as the primary research tool. The study revealed that the average net profit margin in the farmer’s level from the crop year 2015-2017 was 63.21% which was lower than the industry standard. The problems and constraints identified were: the high cost of farm inputs, climate change, inadequate post-harvest facilities, and limited transportation facilities. This resulted in loss of crops, limited access to the market, and high transportation costs. The study recommends that the support and assistance from the local government and national agencies such as capacity building, technology transfer, and shared service facilities will help improve the profitability of coffee.

The structure, conduct, and performance of the hatchery segment of the aquaculture value chain in Bangladesh

IntroductionSeed production has experienced significant growth in Bangladesh over the last decade, driven by the increasing number of hatcheries. The hatchery segment plays a crucial role in the overall growth and development of aquaculture in the country. Understanding its structure, conduct and performance is essential for assessing its impact on the productivity and profitability of aquaculture farms. However, there is a limited number of methodologically rigorous studies focusing on the hatchery segment in Bangladesh. The study aimed to fill the gap in the exiting literature by conducting a methodologically analysis of the hatchery segment of aquaculture value chain in Bangladesh.MethodsThis study was conducted in seven of the main aquaculture producing districts in southern Bangladesh. A comprehensive structured survey was conducted between May and August 2022 with 66 enterprises, including 42 carp+catfish, 16 tilapia, and 8 crustacean hatcheries.Results and discussionThe major findings and their implications are as follows. (1) The number of hatcheries increased by 15% over the past decade, with a 27% increase in fish hatcheries and a 47% decrease in crustacean hatcheries. (2) Carp and tiger shrimp were the most commonly produced fish and crustacean seeds, contributing 67% and 99% of volume and 66% and 97% of sales value, respectively. (3) The hatcheries were family-owned and operated enterprise, and generated a total 2,491 full time equivalent (FTE) jobs. (4) Hatcheries used 86% of their broodstock annually and replaced them regularly for improving quality and avoiding inbreeding. (5) 18% of hatcheries reported facing diseases and/or water quality problems, but mean economic loss was only 0.71% of seed sales value, which is a low level of loss and waste. (6) Average annual net profit margin was relatively modest, averaging 54% of the gross revenue, which suggests the existence of competitive seed production and marketing. The results showed that the hatchery segment in southern Bangladesh appears to be dynamic, well developed, efficient, and relatively competitive.

Transformation of the feed supply segment of the aquaculture value chain in Bangladesh

The rapid growth of aquaculture in Bangladesh over the past three decades has been facilitated by increasing supplementary feed use and increasing numbers of feed suppliers, but little is known about the organization and behavior of the feed supply segment of aquaculture value chain. We conducted a comprehensive survey with 79 feed suppliers of two types: ‘dealers’ linked to feed companies (n = 34) and independent retailers (n = 45), in the seven main aquaculture producing districts of southern Bangladesh in 2021 to address this knowledge gap. We found the following. (1) Over the past 10 years, the number of traders increased 70% and the volume of feed traded almost doubled. (2) Feed supply is shifting from traditional agricultural byproducts to formulated feeds (47% of total feed), and floating feeds as a subset of those (54% of formulated feed), contributing to increasing farm productivity. (3) The formulated fish feed market in Bangladesh is diverse, but quite concentrated. Feed suppliers sold formulated feed produced by 35 companies, with eight companies accounting for 74% of sales. (4) Feed handling practices are efficient. Traders sell feeds quickly (average turnover time 10 days) and storage practices are adequate to maintain quality. (5) No traders reported experiencing any waste or loss of feed during their most recent completed transaction, and only 5% of traders reported losing a small portion of feed (1.7%) during transport. (6) The average profit margin earned by feed suppliers is a modest 6.2%. (7) Feed trading creates substantial employment: 43,937 full time equivalent (FTE) jobs in the seven surveyed districts. In sum, the feed supply segment of the aquaculture value chain in southern Bangladesh is dynamic, well-developed, and relatively competitive and efficient. This finding is contrary to the conventional wisdom, which often portrays the sector as inefficient and beset by problems.

Value Chain and Stakeholders’ Analyses of Batik Tulis Industry in Indonesia

The study aims to analyze the values added of batik tulis production and to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The study used a mixed method, a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed using several analyses namely content analysis, value chain analysis, and stakeholder analysis. The content analysis was carried out to identify and to explain the supply chain of batik tulis production. The value chain analysis was undertaken to identify the existing stages of the value chain in batik tulis production. The stakeholders analysis was used to analyze stakeholders’ objectives and competitiveness of batik tulis business. The results revealed that the value chain of batik tulis production started from the procurement of raw materials, production processes, and sales. The highest added values obtained were through sales to wholesalers and retailers as compared to sales by displaying the products in galleries. The average profit margin earned by each entrepreneur exceeded 50% of the main production costs. Profit and reputation were revealed as the two stakeholders’ objectives that have the strongest and the most dominant influences in the industry. The entrepreneurs are expected to further optimize the activities that contribute the highest added values to be more efficient in managing the production costs, and in maintaining the interrelationship with other players of batik tulis entrepreneurs as well as with the suppliers of raw materials so that the cooperation can be carried out effectively.

The Effect Of Changes In Corporate Income Tax Rates, Inflation And Inetrest Rates On Income Tax Revenues

This study aims to identify the influence analysis of the Covid-19 Many companies have experienced the impact of Covid 19 so that they have laid off their employees, which is caused by weak public consumption and activity restrictions. Therefore the government provides a policy through tax incentives, namely reducing the corporate income tax rate to 22% from 25% previously, which will also affect tax revenue. In addition, there are several influencing factors, such as inflation and BI interest rates. So the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of corporate income tax rates, inflation, and interest rates on income tax receipts in 2012-2021. This research analysis method uses secondary data. The data obtained comes from the documentation of the Central Director General of Taxes and the official website of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for 3 years (2012 – 2021) every quarter. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis using the classical assumption test. The results of this study are that there is no significant effect between changes in rates on income tax revenues, there is a significant effect on the average profit margin between inflation on income tax revenues, and there is no significant effect between interest rates and income tax revenues.

Vegetables and fruits retailers in two urban areas of Bangladesh: Disruption due to COVID- 19 and implications for NCDs.

Bangladesh is experiencing an increasing prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Considering daily total requirement of 5 servings as minimum recommended amount, 95.7% of people do not consume adequate fruit or vegetables on an average day in the country. Imposition of lockdown during COVID-19 created disturbance in fresh fruits and vegetable production and their retailing. This incident can make these dietary products less affordable by stimulating price and trigger NCDs. However, little is known about the supply chain actors of healthy foods such as vegetables and fruits in urban areas, and how they were affected due to pandemic. Aiming toward the impact of COVID-19 on the business practices and outcomes for the vegetables and fruits retailers in Bangladesh, a survey of 1,319 retailers was conducted in two urban areas, namely Dhaka and Manikganj from September 2021 to October 2021. To comprehend the impact of COVID-19 on the profit margin of the retailers and on the percentage change in sales, a logistic and an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression were estimated. Significant difference in the weekly business days and daily business operations was observed. The average daily sales were estimated to have a 42% reduction in comparison to pre-COVID level. The daily average profit margin on sales was reportedly reduced to 17% from an average level of 21% in the normal period. Nevertheless, this impact is estimated to be disproportionate to the product type and subject to business location. The probability of facing a reduction in profit margin is higher for the fruit sellers than the vegetable sellers. Contemplating the business location, the retailers in Manikganj (a small city) faced an average of 19 percentage points less reduction in their sales than those in Dhaka (a large city). Area-specific and product-specific intervention are required for minimizing the vulnerability of retailers of vegetables and fruits and ensuring smooth supply of fruits and vegetables and increasing their uptake to combat diet related NCD.

Organizacioni oblik, polna struktura generalnih zakonskih zastupnika i profitabilnost preduzeća - dokazi srpskih preduzeća

This research paper is part of a wider project in which the influence of various factors on the performance of the company is analyzed. The impact of the gender structure of general legal representatives as well as the form of organization of the company on profitability expressed through the average gross profit margin was studied. The five-year period from 2018 to 2022 was studied, in which data from the profit and loss statements of a total of 192 entities were analyzed. The sample presents six groups classified by the form of organization of companies that can be encountered in business practice. All statistical analyses were carried out in the IBM SPSS 23 program. In the research, the hypotheses about the statistically significant influence of the difference in the gender of general representatives on the profitability of the company were rejected, and the hypothesis about the significant differences in the influence of the form of organization of the company on the profitability expressed by the average gross profit margin, which was accepted. Research into factors that can affect the profitability of the analyzed subjects should enable the making of better management decisions in order to realize better and better performance of the company.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Puerile Strategy on Big Data

With the advent of the era of big data, the economic market has been in a dynamic change. In order to adapt to this change, many companies have implemented a widely used strategy of expanding sales at low prices and low interests - “puerile”. Thus, we analyze the “puerile” strategy from three aspects: turnover, profit margin, and discount strength of the mall. Through mathematical modeling, charts are created by collecting the sales data of a shopping mall in 2017 and 2018. By separating and filtering the collected data, the data with missing cost prices is separated and filtered out. The abnormal data is excluded, and the required data is finally obtained. By finding minimum and maximum profit margins, the average daily profit margin and turnover of the mall based on small profits and high sales are calculated. By setting the four indicators to measure the discount strength of the anti-discount sum, sales volume ratio, turnover ratio, and cost ratio, a linear weighting mathematics model of the discount force is established. Finally, the daily discount strength is classified, and the size of the discount force is analyzed.

Sustainable bioleaching of lithium-ion batteries for critical materials recovery

The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has increased substantially over the last few decades due to their longer lifetime, greater resistance to self-discharge, and higher output voltage compared to other battery types. With the global trend of electrifying vehicle fleets, the number of LIBs reaching their end-of-life (EOL) is expected to grow substantially in the next decade. These EOL LIBs represent a significant secondary source of materials (e.g., Li, Co, Ni, Mn) that can be recovered and reused in LIBs or other products. In this study, we developed a bioleaching process that could recover critical materials from EOL LIBs in an economical and environmentally sustainable manner under industrially relevant conditions. Black mass, i.e., cathode-containing powder, prepared from EOL LIBs was leached using a biolixiviant produced from corn stover by Gluconobacter oxydans bacteria. Iron(II) was used as a reducing agent to promote metal dissolution. Techno-economic analysis (TEA) estimated a potential average profit margin of 21% for processing 10,000 t of black mass per year, which represents approximately 30% of the available black mass in the US in 2020. Life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated that bioleaching of spent LIBs could be more environmentally sustainable than alternative hydrometallurgical recovery methods such as hydrochloric acid leaching (16–19 kg vs. 43–91 kg CO2 equivalent global warming potential per kg of recovered cobalt). The TEA results are highly dependent on the cost of black mass production, which varies by EOL LIB collection and transportation costs. Emerging technologies for deactivating used LIBs for fire safety at collection centers will allow the transport of EOL LIBs as non-hazardous materials, lower the cost of preparing black mass and thereby increase economic prospects for EOL LIBs recycling using this approach.

Kinerja Finansial Usaha Distribusi Sayur (Studi Kasus: Wijaya Vegetables di Kecamatan Baturiti Kabupaten Tabanan Provinsi Bali)

Financial Performance Of Vegetable Distribution Business (Case Study: Wijaya Vegetables In Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province). One of the current problems in the agricultural sector is unjust trade caused by long supply chains. Wijaya Vegetables has succeeded in innovating to shorten the market chain so that its business model and financial analysis are important to be understood. Wijaya Vegetables is a sociopreneurship that distributes fresh vegetables directly from farmers in Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province. Financially, Wijaya Vegetables has a relatively increased profit. Asset composition which is dominated by current assets shows good business activity. The R/C ratio value of 1.28 indicates that the business is financially viable, and the average monthly profit margin of 40% indicates that the business has healthy growth. The allocation of profits used for social aspects should be reconsidered considering the amount is quite large. Utilization of debt should also be maximized. Further research that discusses the social aspects and business model of Wijaya Vegetables is important to do.

Approximate-Analytic Solution of Hyperchaotic Finance System by Multistage Approach

This paper devotes to constructing an approximate analytic solution for the hyperchaotic finance model. The model describes the time variation of the interest rate, the investment demand, the price exponent, and the average profit margin. The multistage homotopy analysis method (MHAM) and multistage variational iteration method (MVIM) are utilized to generate the analytical solutions. The solutions are presented in terms of continuous piecewise functions without interpolation. These procedures prove their applicability for this kind of model due to rapidly convergent series solutions with easily computable terms, iterates, and efficiently obtained by applying it over multiple time intervals. We also provide the convergences theorem of the MHAM. Numerical comparisons are displayed with the results obtained by MHAM, MVIM, and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to demonstrate the validity and effectivity of this procedure.

ANALISIS KEUANGAN BPRS AL-SALAAM AMAL SALMAN DENGAN MODEL SHARIA CONFORMITY AND PROFITABILITY (SCnP) DAN TEKNIK DUPONT SYSTEM

This study aims to explain the Islamic financial performance based on the DuPont System Technique and Sharia conformity and Profitability (SCnP) at the Al-Salaam Amal Salman BPRS for the 2016-2020 period by analyzing two variables, namely sharia conformity or sharia conformity and profitability. This study uses quantitative research. Data retrieval in the form of secondary data obtained indirectly from information or additional data used in the form of journals, websites, and other data related to research. The method used is SCnP with sharia conformity ratios namely Sharia Investment, Sharia Income and Profit Sharing Ratios Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE) and Profit Margin Ratio while the DuPont System method uses the ratio of Net Profit Margin (NPM), Total Asset Turn Over (TATO) and Return On Investment (ROI). 
 The result of the study is analysis of the financial performance of BPRS Al-Salaam Amal Salman for the 2016-2019 period using Sharia conformity and Profitability is in the Upper Right Quadran (URQ) position which indicates the bank has a high level of compliance with sharia principles and profitability, while in 2020 it is in a position Lower Left Quadrant (LLQ) which indicates the bank has a level of compliance with sharia principles and low profitability. While the analysis using the DuPont System BPRS Al-Salaam Amal Salman has an average Net Profit Margin (NPM) of 23.393%, Total Assets Turn Over (TATO) of 20.666% and Return On Investment (ROI) of 0.029%.