Class Averages Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Attributional Feedback in Improving Perseverance and Learning Achievement of Low-Achievers and Under-Achievers Students in Mathematics of Junior High School Students

This experiment tested the hypothesis that students who received oral and written attributional feedback showed higher perseverance and achievement in learning Mathematics than the control group. The subjects of this study were students in grades I and II of Semester II SLTP whose achievement in Mathematics was below the class average. They were categorized as low achievers (SBK) if the scores obtained from the WISC-R Intelligence Test were at or above the average obtained by their peers in this group of research subjects, while the rest were categorized as low achievers (SBR). Students were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: (1) oral attributional feedback group; (2) written attributional feedback group; (3) reinforcement feedback group; and (4) no treatment group. The results of ANOVA with LSD test showed that those who received attributional feedback, oral or written, scored significantly higher on the variables of perseverance and achievement in Mathematics compared to the control group students. The comparison group, students who received reinforcement feedback, did not show significant differences in both scores with either the attributional or untreated group. Further factorial design analysis revealed that attributional feedback, both oral and written, was more effective for low achiever students than underachiever students.

Effectiveness of Solar System Scope-Assisted PBL on Kepler Law Material Integrated with Al-Quran to Improve Student Learning Outcomes

This research is motivated by the low ability of students to understand physics subjects which are considered difficult, including the difficulties experienced namely visualizing subject matter which requires learning models and media as support to improve student learning outcomes. This research was conducted at MA Muallimin UNIVA Medan, by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by Solar System Scope media on Kepler law material integrated with the Koran which is used in the learning process to improve student learning outcomes. The research method used is experimentation which is a type of quantitative research in class X MIA 1 as an experimental class with a Probe Based Learning (PBL) learning model. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is a written test (essay) with 10 questions. It is known that the pretest and posttest data are normally distributed with a significance value of Experimental Pretest (0.078), Experimental Posttest (0.130), Control Pretest (0.200), Control Posttest (0.052) and are declared homogeneous with a significance value of Based on Mean (0.245) where the test value normality and homogeneity exceed (>) the real level used in the measurement, namely α = 0.05 or 5%. With the help of SPSS it is known that the average learning outcomes of students in the experimental class (83.07) are higher than those in the control class (79.90) so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted and the average of the experimental class is stated to be better than the average of the control class. As for the effectiveness of the experimental class with the PBL (Problem Based learning) model, it was 76.6% and the control class with the Direct Instruction learning model was 54.4%, where the experimental class was declared effective and the control class was declared less effective.

THE EFFECT of The PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MODEL on STUDENTS’ SCIENCE LITERACY SKILLS on INDONESIA’S ECOLOGY and BIODIVERSITY MATERIALS

Background: Science literacy is the capacity to use clinical information to pick out troubles and draw conclusions based totally on proof so that you can understand and make selections approximately nature and modifications made to nature via human activities. Based on PISA data and preliminary study data, the literacy of science competencies of Indonesian students is still low. One of the learnings that has a positive influence on science literacy is problem-based learning (PBL). Methods: This study applied the Quasi Experiment method with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This research was conducted at SMPN 1 Gunung Talang, Solok Regency, West Sumatra in class VII in the 2023/2024 school year. Results: The average value of the experimental class is higher than the average of the control class on the posttest data. The hypothesis test results show that t'count 3.372 is greater than t'table 2.008, so H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Conclusion: The application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model affects the science literacy skills of students in Indonesian Ecology and Biodiversity material.

KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MENGGUNAKAN PMRI PADA SISWA SMP

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of creative thinking skills using PMRI on grade VIII students. The method used is an experimental method with a pretest-posttest control research design group. The research sample involved the random selection of two classes, namely class VIII.6 (Experimental Class) with a total of 29 students and class VIII.3 (Control Class) with the same number of students. Data was collected using documentation methods, observation sheets, and essay tests. The results of this study obtained the average score of the experimental class which was 87 and the average of the control class 76. Then the average results of students' creative thinking skills for the four indicators were obtained in the experimental class of 77% which was categorized as good and the control class had an average of 60% which was categorized as adequate. The data was processed using Soffware SPSS version 25. From Equal Variances Assumed and Equal Variances Not Ascetic, the value of sig (2-tailed) is 0.000 0.05, then it is rejected and accepted. So that the ability to think creatively using PMRI in students has a good effect on the learning process of junior high school students

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA KELAS VII SMP BOARDING-SCHOOL

This study aimed to determine which learning model was effective between Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and conventional learning models and describe the PjBL and conventional models on mathematics learning outcomes regarding data and diagram material in seventh grade SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Samarinda. This research was analyzed with mixed methods. The results showed the PjBL class an average posttest score which was higher than the average of the conventional class, with N-Gain scores of 80% (high criteria) and 49% (medium criteria) respectively. Another thing that proves the PjBL model was effective in improving math learning outcomes was the students' positive response, which was 81% with good criteria. This was also supported by the results of student interviews that they were interested and enthusiastic about learning math-based projects. Based on the research results, the PjBL model was described as a model that can arouse students' learning attention through projects related to daily activities. Therefore, the PjBL model was effectively applied to math learning because the understanding process was easier through real objects. Meanwhile, the conventional model applied was not enough to produce learning outcomes that reached the KKTP.

UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ANALISIS MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL MAKE A MATCH SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

The aim of the research is to determine the application of the Make A Match model as an effort to improve the mathematical analytical thinking skills of class IV students at SDN 5 Tegalrejo in corner material with the help of paired cards. This research method is classroom action research on 21 class IV students at SDN 5 Tegalrejo. Collection techniques through pre-cycles, model application, evaluation tests, observation of learning activities and interviews. The results of the research showed an increase in the mathematical analysis thinking skills of fourth grade students at SDN 5 Tegalrejo in applying the Make A Match model with the help of paired cards in corner material. The scores obtained in the Pre-cycle were with a class average of 62.85, the first cycle had a class average of 72.61, and the second cycle had a class average of 88.09. Increasing mathematical analysis skills takes place in mathematical problem-solving activities through paired cards and evaluation of cycle I and cycle II through the ability to differentiate, organize and attribute. Students are able to achieve analytical thinking skills when the student's score has successfully achieved 3 indicators of students' analytical thinking skills, namely differentiating, organizing and attributing. Students gain knowledge of the concept of angles through understanding problems and surrounding angles, organizing mathematical and applied problems and making attributions in mathematical problems. The percentage of students' analytical thinking ability is achieved if it exceeds ≥ 60% of the classical percentage of students in the high category

Wine intake and 45-year mortality in middle-aged men with high alcohol consumption: The Italian rural areas of the Seven Countries Study

Research into the relationship between alcohol consumption and health has a long-standing history. Previous studies have revealed the beneficial effects of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality compared to abstainers and heavy drinkers. To study the long-term impact of wine intake on mortality, we conducted a study involving 1284 men aged 45 – 64 years in 1965, followed over a period of 45 years. We analyzed their wine-drinking habits in relation to all-cause mortality and specific causes using the Cox model. In addition, we utilized a multiple regression model with age at death as the dependent variable adjusted for age, smoking habits, body mass index, physical activity, dietary score, and comorbidity index. At baseline, 97.7% of participants were drinkers, consuming alcohol at an average of 77.4 g/day (mostly from wine). After 45 years, 98.4% of men had passed away. Our findings revealed a J-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and mortality from major CVD and all causes, while the relationship was roughly linear for cancer and liver cirrhosis. The relationship with CVD and all-cause mortality remained J-shaped, even when abstainers were excluded from the analysis, indicating potential health benefits for those consuming an average of 52 g/day (range: 47 – 70 g) and a 34% excess in mortality for those consuming an average of 176 g/day (range: 142 – 570 g). The average age at death for the reference class was 3.5 years higher compared to abstainers and 3.8 years higher compared to the upper class (average: 176 g/day). Reducing alcohol intake during the first 20 years of follow-up was beneficial in terms of life expectancy. In a lifetime follow-up, the relationship between alcohol consumption and mortality formed a J-shaped curve for CVD and all-cause mortality, even when excluding abstainers. Thus, relatively high wine consumption is more beneficial than lower intakes, especially when associated with vigorous physical activity at work – a common practice among rural men in the 1960s.

The Effectiveness of Lexicon Card Media Assisted by Minimum Competency Assessment on Students’ Learning Comprehension

The low student learning outcomes in Indonesian language learning content in class IV are caused by teachers tending to use lecture methods, which causes students to become bored. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of lexicon card media assisted by minimal competency assessment on students' understanding compared to conventional methods. The method used in this research uses a Quasi Experiment type with a Non-equivalent Control Group research design. The methods used to collect data are interviews, observation, documentation and tests. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaires and test questions. The population of this study was 111 students. The sampling technique used is Nonprobability Sampling. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. The results of research on the use of lexicon card media assisted by minimum competency assessments can improve student learning outcomes. The results of the student understanding test increased from the pretest to the post-test, and the average of the experimental class was higher than the control class. It was concluded that the effectiveness of lexicon card media assisted by minimum competency assessments in understanding the ideas of narrative texts had an influence in improving student learning outcomes compared to conventional methods.

Improving Student Initial Reading and Reading Comprehension Skills Using Picture Card Media at 7th Grade SMP Bina Insan Mandiri Bogor

Improving Student Reading Loud and Reading Comprehension Skills Using Picture Card Media at SMP Bina Insan Mandiri Bogor. The aim of this study was to improve beginning reading skills using picture cards for 7th-grade students at SMP Bina Insan Mandiri Bogor. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is conducted in two cycles. The research design uses the Kemmis Mc model. Teggart with the subjects in this study were grade 7th with a total of 35 students. Techniques for collecting data used 1) oral reading tests and written reading comprehension tests, 2) observation, and 3) documentation. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical analysis, namely by finding the average. Indicators of student success must be achieved with a class average of 70 and a completeness of 80%. The results of the study show that learning about early reading using picture cards in English subjects can improve the reading skills of grade 7th at SMP Bina Insan Mandiri Bogor. 2. Pre-cycle reading ability was 65 and 54% completeness, in cycle 1 there was an increase to 68 and 66% completeness, in cycle II 74.14 with 88% completeness. In this study, the reading ability of class 7th SMP Bina Insan Mandiri Bogor with pronunciation, intonation, and reading comprehension increased until they reached the minimum mastery criteria (KKM) that had been set, namely 70 and 80% completeness in class. In cycle 1 use picture cards with a size of 13x6cm and with attractive colours. In cycle II use a bigger card, size 18x6 to facilitate learning for students in understanding reading.

Implementasi Media Big Book dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar

The aim of this research is to hone the reading literacy skills of third grade students at Al-Azhar Muhammadiyah Simabur Islamic Elementary School using big book media. It is hoped that in the future, students will not only read but will be able to derive meaning from the reading material they read. Therefore, it is necessary to arouse students' interest in reading first.Classroom Action Research (CAR) is a research method carried out, there are four PTK steps applied in this research, namely, planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Then the research instruments applied in this research were observation, tests and interviews. Moving on to the data analysis applied in this research, namely qualitative and quantitative.Based on research conducted, there was a discovery that the implementation of big book media could improve students' reading literacy skills, as evidenced by an increase in students' reading literacy skills from cycle 1 to cycle 2. In cycle 1, students' reading literacy reached a class average of 70.7 and students those who have completed and those who have not completed both get a percentage of 50%, consisting of 10 students each. Then in cycle 2 there was an improvement, it can be seen that the class average was 79.15. 90% of students who completed their studies consisted of 18 students, and 10% of those who did not complete their studies consisted of 2 students. This proves that big book media can improve students' reading literacy skills well.

Ensemble averages of ℤ2 orbifold classes of Narain CFTs

In this work we study families of ℤ2 orbifolds of toroidal conformal field theories based on both factorizable and non-factorizable target space tori. For these classes of theories, we analyze their moduli spaces, and compute their partition functions. Building on previous work, we express the calculated partition functions in terms of suitable Siegel-Narain theta functions that allow us to determine their ensemble averages. We express the derived averaged partition functions of the studied families of conformal field theories in a manifest modular invariant finite sum of products of real analytic Eisenstein series. We speculate on a tentative holographic three-dimensional dual bulk interpretations for the considered ℤ2 orbifold classes of ensembles of conformal field theories.

Deep energy efficiency renovation of Germany’s residential buildings: is this as economically viable as Germany’s policymakers and popular promoters often claim?

Germany needs to steeply increase the rate of deep energy-efficiency renovation of its old buildings, to meet climate goals. The government has long maintained that deep renovation to a specified “minimum” energy efficiency standard is economically viable: that the costs are paid back, through energy savings, over the technical lifetime of the energy-efficiency measures. Many private and public organisations support and promulgate this view. It accords with a stream of academic literature which suggests that the under-adoption of energy efficiency measures is a paradox indicating market failures and economically irrational behaviour by property owners. This paper offers cost–benefit analyses of 44 case study scenarios to test whether deep renovation in Germany pays back in monetary terms. These include both specific buildings and Germany-wide averages of classes of buildings. It uses current construction, finance and energy costs, and takes account of inflation, discount rates and opportunity costs. None of the scenarios are economically viable in monetary terms, and the average payback after 25 years is around 22.5%. Sensitivity analyses suggest payback would only be achieved using improbable parameter values. Energy-efficiency renovation is necessary but promoting it needs to take account of these realities.

Pengaruh Metode Snowball Throwing terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas 5 SD Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP

This research was conducted because there are still students who experience difficulties in achieving good learning achievements in Islamic Religious Education subjects. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of the Snowball Throwing method in the 5th grade at UNP Laboratory Development Elementary School. The type of research is quasi-experimental. There are 36 students in class 5, each with 18 students in class 5A as the control class and 18 students in class 5B in the experimental class. Saturated sampling technique was used in the sampling process. Preliminary and final ability tests were used to collect research data. The results showed that the average score for the experimental class was 87.22. The learning objectives given in the form of a final exam are superior to the control class with a class average of 70.55. We can conclude that the learning outcomes of 5th grade elementary school students are influenced by the Snowball Throwing learning paradigm.

Penerapan pembelajaran STAD berbantuan media PANAMA untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berhitung

This research aims to determine the improvement of Mathematics calculation skills by implementing STAD learning assisted by PANAMA media (Mathematics Napier Board). This research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with the research subjects being 27 class IV students at SD Negeri Depok 1, Sleman. The object of this research is mathematical calculation skills in the arithmetic operations of multiplication and division. The instrument used in this research was test questions supported by observation sheets. The results of the research at the pre-cycle stage showed a class average of 68.07 with the number of students completing only 10 students or 37.0%. These results increased significantly after taking action in cycle I with a class average of 81.18 and in cycle II the class average was 90.59. In cycles I and II, it was seen that there was an increase in Mathematics calculation skills by 22.2% with the number of students who achieved KKTP at the end of cycle II being 23 students or 85.1%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of STAD learning assisted by PANAMA media) can improve calculation skills, especially in the calculation operations of multiplication and division.

The influence of using Learning Videos for High School Mathematics Curriculum Subjects with Flipped Classroom Models on Learning Achievement in the UIN Walisongo Semarang

During the current pandemic, students are having difficulty understanding mathematical material; normally, they are taught by lecturers face-to-face, but now online. The obstacle that students face is that they believe that learning is not optimal because the signal is often poor and inconsistent, and they are unable to meet with the lecturer. To alleviate this issue, it is required to create a video of learning material that will be supplied by a mathematics lecturer by the lecturer who teaches, the video is published on YouTube, and the youtube link is given to students to study beforehand for the forthcoming meeting. This is consistent with the flipped classroom concept, in which students are expected to first understand the lecturer's video before being discussed directly by the lecturer.It is expected that students are able to think creatively about video content created by their professors, and students are able to examine material flaws that they have not understood and then clarified by their lecturers at the next meeting. In research on the development of instructional video media for high school mathematics curricular with the ADDIE stage model. This model, as the name suggests, consists of five main phases or stages, namely (A) analysis, (D) design, (D) development, (I) implementation, and (E) evaluation. The Implementation and Evaluation stage was carried out in the second year, with expanded tests carried out at UIN Walisongo Semarang in a fun and enjoyable manner, with posttests and user response questionnaires given with the following results: Based on research at UIN Walisongo, posttest results were processed using tests t results obtained are 0% <5%, then H0 is rejected. This means that we accept H1, which means that the results of learning mathematics using video learning media for high school mathematics curriculars are better than conventional learning models. Looking at the average learning achievement in the mean column, Group Statistics table, the experimental class average is 86.00, while the average -the average control class is 64.74. These results show that the learning outcomes of the experimental class are better than the control class. R Square value of 0.804 = 80.4%. This value means that the influence of virtual lab media on learning achievement is 80.4%, while 19.6% of learning achievement is influenced by other variables outside of the independent variables in this research.

The Effect of Jigsaw Method on Students’ Reading Comprehension at Junior High School Students

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of role-playing in teaching speaking skills to students of class XI 19 Senior High School Makassar, and whether there is a significant difference between students who are trained in speaking skills using conventional methods and students who use role-playing techniques. This study uses a quantitative approach, namely experimental research with a pre-test and post-test research design and the sample of this study is 60 students. Researchers used two clasess and experimental class using role-playing techiquess and a control class using concetional methods. Meanwhile, in the last stage, the researcher gave a post-test in the same class to find out whether the role-playing techiquess was effective in teaching students speaking skills in the experimental class. The results of this study show the average pre-test in the experimental class (59.87%) and the control class (60.93%). The post-test average of the experimental class (84.40%) was higher than that of the control class (64.53%). This means that there is a difference between students who use role-playing techniquess abd students who uses conventional techniquess. Thus, teaching speaking using role-playing techniquess has a significant effect on improving students speaking skills. Therefore, it is suggested that the role- playing techniquess can be applied as an affective learning method for teachers to teach speaking skills anf for future researchers to use the same type of research under different conditions.

Pengaruh Media Google Earth Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Mitigasi Bencana Alam Bermodelkan Group Investigation

Improving the quality of education cannot be separated from learning activities because education includes the learning process. However, in reality, learning that occurs in the school environment is still far from the expected target, namely related to learning media that is still conventional, so that it has an impact on geography learning outcomes, therefore new innovative and modern learning media are needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using Google Earth learning media on the learning outcomes of students in class XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri Ngoro Jombang on natural disaster mitigation material in the 2022/2023 school year. This research is a quasi-experiment with data analysis using: descriptive analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. This research is a quasi-experiment with data analysis using: descriptive analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. The results showed that the learning outcomes of students at SMA Negeri Ngoro Jombang increased in the control class and experimental class with the calculation of the superior average of the experimental class.

The Evaluation of using Learning Videos for High School Mathematics Curriculum Subjects with Flipped Classroom Models on Learning Achievement in the IVET University Semarang

This research deals with the development of learning video media for high school mathematics curricula using the ADDIE stage model. This model, as the name implies, consists of five main phases or stages, namely (A) analysis, (D) design, (D) development, (I) implementation, and (E) evaluation. The implementation and evaluation phase was carried out in this second year, with an expanded test carried out in the mathematics education study program at IVET University Semarang in a fun and enjoyable way, with a posttest and a user response questionnaire with the following results: Based on research at IVET University Semarang, the results of the posttest were processed using The t-test obtained a result of 0% < 5%, then H0 was rejected. This means that we accept H1, which means that the results of learning mathematics with learning video media for high school mathematics curricula are better than conventional learning models, looking at the average learning achievement in the mean column, the group statistics table, it is obtained that the average of the experimental class was 85.50 while the average of the control class was 70.42. These results show that the learning outcomes of the experimental class were better than those of the control class. R Square value is 0.825 = 82.5%. This value means that the effect of virtual lab media on learning achievement is 82.5%. In comparison, 17.5% of learning achievement was influenced by other variables outside of the independent variables in this study.
 Keywords: the evaluation, learning videos, high school mathematics curriculum; flipped classroom models

Pengaruh Penggunaan Pendekatan Open Ended Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Solok

This research aims to determine the development of mathematics education in Indonesia. To overcome this problem, teachers play a role in overcoming students' learning difficulties in mathematics subjects, especially in critical thinking skills. One alternative to solve this problem is to apply open ended learning. Open ended learning is learning that presents problems by solving problems in various ways and the solutions are also varied. This research aims to find out whether the critical thinking abilities of students using an open-ended learning approach are better than the critical thinking abilities of students using conventional learning. This type of research is experimental research with circle subject matter. The population in this study was all class VIII students, totaling 91 students. The location of this research is MTs Negeri 1 Solok. The sampling technique uses random sampling. The research instrument is in the form of posttest questions. The calculation obtained ????ℎ???????????????????? > ???? 0.95;41, namely 2.84 > 2.019 and ???????????????????????? = 0.983 at the significance level α = 0.05 so it is rejected. The experimental class average was 66.71 and the control class average was 54.73.

Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Narasi dengan Metode Mind Mapping pada Siswa MI

The purpose of this study was to determine the skills of writing narrative texts using the mind mapping method for fifth grade students of MI Muhammadiyah Al Qomariyah Wates Boyolali at the pre-writing, during writing, and post-writing stages. The research method used descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the application of mind mapping method contributed positively to the improvement of students' skills in writing narrative text. The learning phases carried out include pre-writing stage activities, during writing, and post-writing, successfully achieving satisfactory results, with grade V students of MI Muhammadiyah Al Qomariyah Wates Boyolali successfully obtaining a very good category with a score of 90.0 and a class average of 82.7. This research is expected to be a reference for MI teachers to use the mind mapping method in learning activities to write narrative texts.