Average Number Research Articles

Publication patterns of posters and oral presentations at the Annual Meeting of the Joint AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section.

The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) Joint Cerebrovascular (CV) Section serves as a centralized entity for the dissemination of information related to CV neurosurgery. The quality of scientific conferences, such as the CV Section's Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery Annual Meeting, can be gauged by the number of poster and oral presentations that are published in peer-reviewed journals. However, publication rates from the CV Section's meetings are unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the rate at which abstracts presented at the AANS/CNS CV Section Annual Meeting from 2014 to 2018 were subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. The abstract titles for all accepted poster and oral podium presentation abstracts from the 2014-2018 Annual Joint AANS/CNS CV Section Meetings were searched using PubMed. A match was defined as sufficient similarity between the abstract and its corresponding journal publication with regard to title, authors, methods, and results. Five-year impact factors (IFs) from Journal Citation Reports (JCR), the country of the corresponding author, and the number of citations in the Scopus database were obtained using the articles' digital object identifier when available, or the exact article title, journal, and year of publication. Of the 607 total poster and oral presentations from the 2014-2018 Annual Meetings of the AANS/CNS Joint CV Section, 46.29% (n = 281) have been published. Published articles received 3233 total citations for an average number of citations per article (± SD) of 10.89 ± 16.37. The average 5-year JCR IF of published studies was 4.64 ± 3.13. Additionally, 98.22% of published abstracts were in publication within 4 years from the time the abstract was presented. The most common peer-reviewed neurosurgical journals featuring these publications were the Journal of Neurosurgery, World Neurosurgery, the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery, Neurosurgery, and the Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. Nearly half of all poster and oral presentations at the annual meetings of the AANS/CNS Joint CV Section from 2014 to 2018 have been published in PubMed-indexed, peer-reviewed journals. The average number of citations per publication (10.89 ± 16.37) reflects the high quality of abstracts accepted for presentation. It is important to continuously assess the quality of research presented at national conferences to ensure that standards are being maintained for the advancement of clinical practice in a given area of medicine. Conference abstract publication rates in peer-reviewed journals represent a way in which research quality can be gauged, and the authors encourage others to conduct similar investigations in their subspecialty area of interest and/or practice.

Understanding lexico-semantic opposition empty/full in official business texts: Quantitative and qualitative research

This paper discusses the lexical-semantic opposition EMPTY/FULL in the corpus of legal, military and medical texts. The study analyzes 130 official business texts, in which we examined the problem of defining and constructing the lexical-semantic opposition EMPTY/FULL. The analysis promoted the construction of quantitative sampling, which demonstrates the weight of the lexemes in the corpus of official business texts. The purpose of the proposed analysis was to determine the distribution of the lexical-semantic opposition EMPTY/FULL, especially to find out the total number of occurrences, the average number of occurrences and the edge limits of the lexeme EMPTY and the lexeme FULL in the corpus of texts. The main results of the study outline the diversity of the lexical-semantic opposition EMPTY/FULL in different contexts, that underlines the functional diversification of the lexeme EMPTY and lexeme FULL. The results showed that in legal texts lexemes EMPTY/FULL nominate a legal concept; in medical texts they perform the function of medical conditions assessment; within the limits of military texts, they establish an associative connection between the nomination and semantic components (military actions, targets and objects of military use, consequences of war). Another important finding was the determination of the dominant lexeme in the corpus of legal texts and the dominant lexeme in the corpus of military texts. The similarities between EMPTY and FULL are primarily due to their antonymy. However, their differences are fixed in their distinct core meanings, contextual usage, pragmatic significance and connotations. These differences make them adaptable in various contexts of military, legal and medical texts to convey precise and often contrasting information about the state of objects and concepts.

Surface engineering by rogue wave induced by energetic carbon clusters

Swift heavy ions are effective in nanostructuring material surfaces. The irradiation of lanthanum fluoride with 30 MeV C60 leads to the creation of surface nanohillocks of size larger than the ones produced by monoatomic heavy ions. The generation of the observed nano-sized hillocks is described here by a new approach that is based on ion-induced intensive electronic excitations that create localized rogue waves. Consequently, the induced nonlinear ion-acoustic rogue waves are considered a hallmark of nanohillock formation. Plasma hydrodynamic equations produce a relationship between normalised electron number density and crystal lattice spacing. Similarities to the hillock profile suggest the crucial primary role of electron density in the fabrication of surface nanostructures.

Principal Support and Teacher Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Collective Teacher Efficacy

<p style="text-align: justify;">This study investigated the extent to which demographic variables, principal support and teacher self-efficacy contribute to the collective teacher efficacy. In the study, a non-probability purposive sample was used, which included 761 teachers working in compulsory primary schools in all parts of the Republic of Croatia. The first part of the administered online questionnaire provided data on sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, while in the second part, the following scales were used: The Principal Support Scale, The Teacher Sense of Teacher Efficacy Scale and The Collective Teacher Efficacy Scale. The results of the performed regression analyses show that: 1) the demographic variables - workplace, promotion to a higher rank and principal support have a predictive value in explaining teachers’ self-efficacy; 2) an average number of students per class, promotion to a higher rank, principal support, teacher engagement and teaching strategies have a predictive value in explaining collective teacher efficacy. The findings of this study will be discussed in terms of their potential impact and future research.</p>

Characterizing the Impact of Facial Rehabilitation on Acute Facial Paralysis.

Evidence on facial rehabilitation therapy (FRT) for acute facial paralysis (FP) remains limited. We present a retrospective review of patients with acute FP who have received FRT with physical therapists within one (1) year of FP onset as determined by Sunnybrook Facial Grading Scale (SFGS) composite scores. 702 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FP were referred to a university rehabilitation program between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2022. Seventy-six patients met the criteria, defined as FP diagnosis <12 months before FRT initiation, ≥3 therapy sessions, and sufficient follow-up data. Average number of treatment sessions between SFGS scores was 7.7. History of cancer, sex, number of treatment sessions, and initial SFGS score were correlated with change in SFGS. Time to treatment was not correlated with change in SFGS score. SFGS improved with each additional treatment session (p<.01). Each additional point in the initial SFGS was correlated with less change in the final SFGS score (p<.01). FRT can provide meaningful improvement in functionality for patients with acute FP, regardless of time to treatment. Furthermore, patients who present with poorer functionality at baseline and those who undergo more treatment are most likely to see SFGS improvement. Research comparing the effect of facial rehabilitation compared to other treatment modalities and to a control cohort is warranted.

Safety of Home Discharge With a Chest Tube After Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction Complicated by Persistent Airleak.

The incidence of pneumothorax after bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) using Zephyr (Pulmonx Corporation) endobronchial valves is ~26%. Many patients who develop a postprocedural pneumothorax require chest tube placement. If a persistent airleak is present, patients tolerating waterseal can be discharged home with a mini-atrium with a low risk of empyema. Data were collected on patients from the Epic (Epic System Corporation) electronic medical record between July 2019 and November 2022. Our retrospective study reviewed a total of 102 BLVR procedures. Twenty-six of these procedures were complicated by a pneumothorax post-BLVR (25%). After 24 procedures, patients were discharged home with a chest tube after a persistent airleak. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of intrapleural infection in this population. The secondary endpoint was the average length of time the chest tube was in place until outpatient removal. Out of the 24 discharge events, 2 events (8.3%) were complicated by an intrapleural infection before chest tube removal. The average number of days requiring a chest tube until outpatient removal was 16.9 days, which is similar to the duration observed in patients discharged home with a chest tube after lung volume reduction surgery. Discharging patients home with a chest tube after BLVR therapy is safe and may reduce hospital length of stay. Our study shows the incidence of intrapleural infection after home discharge with a chest tube after BLVR is low.

1085 Adjunctive Use of Bone Growth Stimulation in Cervical Spine Fusion in Patients at Risk for Nonunion

INTRODUCTION: Prior failed fusion, multi-level disease, diabetes, nicotine usage, and osteoporosis are factors associated with nonunion, leading to prolonged pain, reduced function, and overall decreased quality of life. Previous studies have shown that pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation can improve fusion rates, particularly in subjects at risk for nonunion. METHODS: Data from a multi-center prospective study of subjects that underwent cervical spine fusion and were treated with PEMF was compared to a “matched” retrospective cohort that had fusion but were not treated with PEMF. The prospective cohort was enrolled based on having 1 or more of the following risk factors for nonunion: prior failed cervical spine fusion, multilevel fusion, diabetes, osteoporosis, or nicotine use. Fusion was assessed at 12 months postop using x-rays and/or CT. A cohort of cervical spine fusion patients that were prescribed PEMF, but did not receive PEMF treatment (e.g., insurance denial) were compared to PEMF treated subjects. RESULTS: At baseline, subjects in the PEMF treated group had a significantly higher average number of risk factors for nonunion (1.8 for treated group vs. 1.1 for control, p &lt; 0.001), and significantly higher average number of surgical levels (2.8 for treated group vs. 2.0 for control, p &lt; 0.005). At 12 months post-op, subjects in the PEMF group (n = 161) had a 90.1% fusion rate, compared to a 65.4% for the control group (n = 26) (p &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PEMF stimulation provides significant improvements in cervical spine fusion rates in subjects having risk factors for nonunion. Compared to control subjects, PEMF treated subjects had improved fusion outcomes despite being older, having more risk factors for pseudarthrosis, and undergoing more complex surgeries.

Correlación clínico-patológica para el diagnóstico de mastitis crónica tratada con cirugía

ObjectivesChronic mastitis (CM) frequently relapse without an identified etiology, although they have been treated with a spectrum of treatments that includes different antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and surgery, more or less aggressive depending on their extension. The objective is to investigate if clinicopathological correlation is useful in the diagnosis of CM. Material and methodsA descriptive, observational and retrospective study of a series of 100 patients (n = 100) diagnosed during ten years with CM is presented. Anamnesis, clinical debut, physical examination, imaging techniques, type of surgery, number of recurrences, histological inflammatory pattern data, complementary tests including microbiological study and serology, number of biopsies, number of consultation visits and time until final diagnosis are evaluated. Finally, the average of cases diagnosed by clinicopathological correlation is determined. ResultsResults of surgical interventions, clinical and histopathological findings, microbiology and serology are included in tables. Clinicopathological correlation achieved etiopathogenic diagnosis in 99% of the cases including chronic suppurative galactophoritis (91%); vasculitis (3%), two of them compatible with granulomatosis with polyangiitis; idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (2%) and non-diabetic lymphocytic lobulillitis (3%). Thirty-eight percent of the cases presented recurrences. The mean time to definitive diagnosis was 20.02 (standard deviation = 49.87) weeks. The average number of visits to outpatient clinics was 15.35 (standard deviation = 14.97). ConclusionsClinicopathological correlation improves the diagnosis of CM, specially relapsed and without an identified etiology, although it may take a long time.

Regional Health Resort Area: Risk Assessment of Functioning and Development

Introduction. The sphere of resort recreation in some regions of the Russian Federation in recent years is characterized by unfavorable trends, manifested in a reduction in the number of health resorts, the number of places in them, as well as the number of accommodated persons. In this regard, it is very relevant to study the risks affecting the further functioning of the industry, as well as the development of a list of measures to reduce them. The purpose of the study was to verify the risks of functioning and development of the regional health resort industry and to develop directions for their reduction. Materials and Methods. The object of the study is the health resort sector of the Irkutsk Region. The characteristics of the industry are demonstrated using the methods of retrospective and comparative analysis, comparison of the dynamics of a number of indicators: the number of health resort organizations, the average number of beds in them, the number of people accommodated in health resort organizations, the load factor. The assessment of risks of functioning and development of health resort sphere of the region was carried out using the method of expert assessments in the context of six groups of risks: political, economic, social, infrastructural, environmental, legal, according to four criteria ‒ probability, impact, manageability and significance. Results. Based on the analysis, it was shown that, having a significant potential, the health resort industry of the region as a whole is characterized by satisfactory results of functioning. The analysis of the significance and manageability of risks allowed the author to define strategies for their management, to formulate the main measures for the development of the regional health resort complex of the Irkutsk Region, aimed at reducing infrastructural, economic and environmental risks. Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained can be useful for employees of public institutions, whose competence includes the development of management decisions aimed at the development of health resort sphere of the Irkutsk Region. The methodological tools used in the article may be of interest to scientists, researchers conducting scientific research on the problem of reducing the risks of functioning and development of health resort sphere of territories (regions, tourist destinations).

Torsion and clinical features in patients with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy

This retrospective study aimed to compare objective/subjective torsion and other clinical characteristics of patients with acquired trochlear nerve palsy. This study included 82 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy between 2014 and 2021 and who were followed up for ≥ 6 months. The etiologies, ocular deviation, objective and subjective torsions were reviewed. The etiologies were classified as ischemic, traumatic, brain lesion, idiopathic, or other. The patients were classified into two groups according to the recovery state: full recovery and partial/no-recovery. We compared the torsion and clinical features based on the etiology and recovery state. The average age was 59.1 ± 11.1 years, and 58 (71.0%) of the patients were male. The most common cause was ischemic (n = 49, 59.7%) and other common causes included traumatic (n = 16, 19.5%), brain lesion (n = 8, 9.8%), idiopathic (n = 5, 6.1%) and others (n = 4, 4.9%). Of the 82 patients, 56 (68.3%) were assigned to the full recovery group, and 26 (31.7%) were assigned to the partial/no-recovery group. The average age and number of patients with ischemic causes of palsy were greater in the full recovery group (p = 0.026 and p < 0.000, respectively). The vertical deviation angle, tilted angle on the Lancaster red-green test (LRGT), proportion of patients who experienced subjective torsion on the LRGT, and head tilt were smaller in the full recovery group (p = 0.037, 0.042, 0.045, and 0.006, respectively). Ischemic trochlear nerve palsy, advanced age, a small deviation angle at the primary position, and few cases of excyclotorsion on LRGT were characteristic of the full recovery group of acquired unilateral trochlear nerve palsy patients.

A comprehensive parametric study and multi-objective optimization of turbulent jet array impingement for uniform cooling of gas turbine blades with minimized compression power

In the present paper, a comprehensive parametric study and multi-objective optimizations on jet array impingement cooling are conducted for mid-chord sections of gas turbine blades to maximize the heat transfer uniformity on the target plate and minimize the air compression power consumption at different desired Nusselt numbers. The validated numerical method based on RANS equations is utilized to determine the effects of Reynolds number (2500≤Re≤35000), jet spacings (3≤Px,Py≤8), and the jet-to-target distance (0.75≤Pz≤3) on air compression power (Wc), average Nusselt number (Nu‾), and heat transfer uniformity index (UI). According to the parametric study, the increase of Re improves Nu‾ and UI, while intensively increasing Wc. The effect of jet-to-target distance is a function of jet spacings; with the increase of Pz at low jet spacings, Wc,Nu‾, and UI are reduced. Although, at large spacings, Nu‾ and UI increase with Pz, and Wc is independent of Pz. Additionally, the increase of Px decreases Wc, Nu‾, and UI. Increasing Py reduces Nu‾ and Wc. But at small Px and Pz, the UI is descending; while at large Px and Pz, the UI tends to ascend. Three high-accuracy surrogate models are developed using backpropagation artificial neural networks (ANN) for estimating Wc, Nu‾, and UI for input design variables. Sobol global sensitivity analysis is also performed based on the developed models for quantifying the influence of design variables and their interactions on objective functions. As expected, the results indicate that Wc and Nu‾ are the most sensitive to Re, and UI is mainly affected by Px, whereas Py is more affecting the uniformity index rather than compression power. Finally, to find out the best design and flow conditions, optimizations are conducted by the NSGA-II algorithm. The optimal Pareto frontier and final decided solutions by TOPSIS and LINMAP methods are then demonstrated for the desired Nusselt number (NuD) of 70. The TOPSIS method indicates Px=4.70, Py=3.25, Pz=1.40, and Re = 13800 as the best compromise for optimization. The analysis of Pareto solutions in the range of NuD from 35 to 130 suggests a variety of optimal flow and geometrical arrangements for a trade-off between objective functions; therefore, at most, 50% less compression power or 5% more uniformity is approachable corresponding to the design requirements.

Study on convective melting heat transfer of a solid-liquid phase change slurry in U-shaped curved tubes

As a phase change material, ice slurry has been successfully applied in HVAC&R systems due to its high energy storage density. The heat exchangers are the key equipment realizing energy conversion of ice slurry. In HVAC&R systems, U-tubes are frequently used in shell and tube heat exchanger. However, there are few studies on thermo-fluidic characteristics of ice slurry in U-tubes. Therefore, the thermo-fluidic characteristics of ice slurry in U-tubes are numerically studied in this paper using Euler-Euler approach. The results indicated that as enlarging the inlet ice content and velocity, the ice concentration distribution becomes more uniform along in vertical profile. Due to the secondary flow in bend section, the ice concentration decreases in the inner wall and increases in the outer wall as the inlet velocity increases; At the high Reynolds number, the inlet ice content and ice particle diameter have a more significant fluence on pressure drop (Δp). The local heat transfer coefficient (hlo) in bend section exhibits a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing, with the maximum value of hlo occurs at θ = 90° of the bend section. Finally, a correlation is suggested between the average resistance coefficient (fave) and local Nusselt number (Nulo).

Local Heat Transfer Distribution On Thin Metal Foil Impinged by Array of Free Surface Jets

Abstract The present study focuses on the measurement of the local heat transfer distribution of a smooth flat plate impinged by an array of free surface jets on a thin metal foil. Local Nusselt number distributions are measured for a fixed jet diameter (d = 3 mm). The jet arrays consist of perfectly round apertures arranged in a square pattern, with a uniform spacing of 4d between adjacent jets in both the streamwise and spanwise direction. A wide range of Reynolds numbers varying from 1000 to 12500 are covered in this study. The nozzle to plate spacing (z/d) is varied between 1 to 10. The effect of the Reynolds number and nozzle to plate spacing on the local and spanwise average Nusselt number distributions are studied. The local Nusselt number exhibits an increase with nozzle-to-plate spacing within the low Reynolds number range (Re = 1000 to 2500). However, for Reynolds numbers exceeding 2500, the influence of nozzle-to-plate spacing on Nusselt number distributions remains negligible up to a nozzle-to-plate distance (z/d) of 5. Beyond this point, there is a gradual decrease in the Nusselt number value. The Nusselt number value gradually decreases beyond z/d of 5. At a Reynolds number of 1500, the Nusselt number increases by 71% for z/d = 10 in comparison to z/d = 1. Empirical correlations for local and spanwise average Nusselt number are proposed which satisfactory predict the local as well as spanwise average Nusselt number distributions.

Evaluating the Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Mulch Type on Yield and Yield Components of Onion in Fogera, Ethiopia

Water scarcity is a challenge for current irrigated agriculture globally. Under these circumstances, new on-farm irrigation management strategies should be established. An experiment was conducted at Fogera in 2021 to evaluate the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) and mulch type on onion yield and yield components. A factorial combination of three levels of DI (100%ETc, 75%ETc, and 50%ETc) and three mulch types No Mulch (NM), White Plastic Mulch (WPM), and Rice Straw Mulch (RSM)) were evaluated in RCBD with three replications. Monthly ETo, ETc, and irrigation scheduling were computed using CROPWAT 8.0 model. These studies showed that the onion yield and yield components were significantly affected by the main and the interaction effects. The maximum average plant heights (PH), leaf heights (LH), and number of leaves per plant (LNP) of 51.7 cm, 38.0cm, and 10.4 respectively, were recorded from 100%ETc whereas the minimum PH, LH, and LNP of 39.5 cm, 29.0cm, and 6.9 were recorded from 50%ETc treatment respectively. The highest average bulb weight (BW), bulb diameter (BD), and bulb height (BH) were 117.9gr, 6.4, and 5.7 cm recorded from 100%ETc treatment respectively. In contrast, the minimum average BW, BD, and BH were 79.9gr, 4.8, and 5.0cm recorded from 50%ETc respectively. The highest PH, LH, and LNP of onions were 51.9cm, 40.6cm, and 10.1 respectively recorded from RSM treatments. In contrast, the minimum PH, LH, and LNP of onions were 41.5cm, 31.1cm, and 7.5 respectively, recorded from WPM treatments. Similarly, the highest mean BW, BH, and BD 106.2gr, 5.8cm, and 6.0cm were obtained from the treatments of RSM respectively. In contrast, the lowest mean BW, BH, and BD 100.7gr, 5.0cm, and 5.3cm were obtained from NM treatments respectively. The interaction effects of DI and mulch showed that the onion yield at 100%ETc with RSM was 7.5% higher than that at 100%ETc with NM and 15.1% higher than the yield at 100%ETc with PM. The highest BW, BH, and BD of the onion 121.8 gr, 6.2, and 6.8 were obtained when the onions received 100%ETc and mulched with RS while the lowest average BW, BH, and BD of the onion were 77.3gr, 4.6cm and 4.1cm were obtained from 50%ETc with NM treatment combination. These results showed that RSM with 75%ETc improves onion yield and yield components.

Multigrid simulations of non-Newtonian fluid flow and heat transfer in a ventilated square cavity with mixed convection and baffles

The impact of baffles on a convective heat transfer of a non-Newtonian fluid is experimentally studied within a square cavity. The non-Newtonian fluid is pumped into the cavity through the inlet and subsequently departs from the cavity via the outlet. Given the inherent non-linearity of the model, a numerical technique has been selected as the method for obtaining the outcomes. Primarily, the governing equations within the two-dimensional domain have been discretized using the finite element method. For approximating velocity and pressure, we have employed the reliable P2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\mathbb{P}}_{2}$$\\end{document}–P1\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\mathbb{P}}_{1}$$\\end{document} finite element pair, while for temperature, we have opted for the quadratic basis. To enhance convergence speed and accuracy, we employ the powerful multigrid approach. This study investigates how key parameters like Richardson number (Ri), Reynolds number (Re), and baffle gap bg\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${{\ ext{b}}}_{{\ ext{g}}}$$\\end{document} influence heat transfer within a cavity comprising a non-Newtonian fluid. The baffle gap (bg\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${b}_{g}$$\\end{document}) has been systematically altered within the range of 0.2–0.6, and for this research, three distinct power law indices have been selected namely: 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. The primary outcomes of the investigation are illustrated through velocity profiles, streamlines, and isotherm visualizations. Furthermore, the study includes the computation of the Nuavg\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${Nu}_{avg}$$\\end{document}(average Nusselt number) across a range of parameter values. As the Richardson number (Ri) increases, Nuavg\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${Nu}_{avg}$$\\end{document} also rises, indicating that an increase in Ri results in augmented average heat transfer. Making the space between the baffles wider makes heat flow more intense. This, in turn, heats up more fluid within the cavity.

Terminal Congestion Analysis of Container Ports Using Satellite Images and AIS

This study proposes the use of satellite images and a vessel’s automatic identification system (AIS) data to evaluate the congestion level at container ports for operational efficiency analysis, which was never attempted in previous studies. The congestion level in container yards is classified by developing a convolutional neural network (CNN) model and an annotation tool to reduce the workload of creating training data. The annotation tool calculates the number of vertically stacked containers and the reliability of each container cell in a detection area by focusing on the shadows generated by the containers. Subsequently, a high-accuracy CNN model is developed for end-to-end processing to predict congestion levels. Finally, as an example of dynamic efficiency analysis of container terminals using satellite images, the relationship of the estimated average number of vertically stacked containers in the yard with the elapsed time between the image capture time and vessel arrival or departure time obtained from the automatic identification system data is analyzed. This study contributes to representing a prototype for dynamically estimating the number of vertically stacked containers and congestion level of container terminals using satellite images without statistical information, as well as its relationship with the timing of vessel arrival acquired from AIS data.

The Effect of Humic and Gibberellin on the Growth and Flowering of The Cat's Eye (Syzygium Zeylanicum) Plant

Cat’s eye (Syzygium zeylanicum) is one of the tropical plants that has a fairly high value. Cat’s eye plant is often used variously. This first-year research was conducted with the aim to study the effect of the interaction of Humic acid and gibberellin on the flowering of Cat's eye plant and to determine the best concentrations of Humic acid (LHA) and gibberellin (GA) to spur the flowering of cat eye plant. The research method used is an experimental method with a factorial RAL treatment pattern. The first factor is the concentration of gibberellins consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 ppm; 100 ppm; 200 ppm; 300 ppm. The second factor is the concentration of Humic acid, which consists of 4 levels consisting of 0 ppm; 100 ppm; 200 ppm and 300 ppm. Each combination of treatments was repeated 10 times so that 120 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that the interaction between Humic acid and GA did not show significantly different results on all parameters tested. The independent use of GA and Humic acid may affect the growth of Cat's eye plant. GA treatment of 200 ppm showed plant height and relative growth rates. The Lion Humic acid treatment concentration of 0 ppm and 200 ppm showed the highest average number of flowers, while for the highest average number of roots shown in the 0 ppm Humic acid treatment. The F test was used to analyses the data, and if they were significantly different.

Language taboos in Poland: the role of situational context and topic group in the response to taboos

Contemporary taboo manifests itself mainly on the language surface and is linked to socio-cultural conventions; it is based on issues that should not be addressed. Taboos change over time and differ between cultures. It is a pilot of the author’s questionnaire examining the role of situational context and topic group in response to taboos. Three situational contexts were identified (family, friends, work), and four topic groups (finance, values, sexuality, diseases). Furthermore, five types of responses to taboo were distinguished; avoidance, lecturing, confrontation, discretion, and lack of taboo. People taking part in experiment were tasked with reading twelve scenes and selecting for each of them one of five proposed answers. The study was conducted online using Qualtrics. 83 people were surveyed, including 66 women, 12 men, and 5 non-binary people. The results were subjected to statistical analyses, mostly Paired- Samples T Test. Statistical analysis confirmed both hypotheses; there are statistically significant differences between the strategies of responding to taboos depending on situational context and topic group. The most frequent differences occurred between work context and the contexts of family and friends. The average number of responses based on lack of taboo was more common in scenes about sexuality, scenes dealing with the topic of values were more often responded to with avoidance strategy and confrontation strategy. Discretion was used less frequently in scenes about diseases, and lecturing was chosen more often. This is one of the first studies to address the role of situational context in responses to taboos in Poland.

Collaborative Approach Toward Transplant Candidacy for Obese Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease.

An elevated BMI is a major cause of transplant preclusion for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This phenomenon exacerbates existing socioeconomic and racial disparities and increases the economic burden of maintaining patients on dialysis. Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) in such patients is not widely available. Our center created a collaborative program to undergo weight loss surgery before obtaining a kidney transplant. We studied the outcomes of these patients after MBS and transplant surgery. One hundred eighty-three patients with ESRD were referred to the bariatric team by the transplant team between January 2019 and June 2023. Of these, 36 patients underwent MBS (20 underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 16 underwent sleeve gastrectomy), and 10 underwent subsequent transplantation, with another 15 currently waitlisted. Both surgical teams shared resources, including dieticians, social workers, and a common database, for easy transition between teams. The mean starting BMI for all referrals was 46.4 kg/m 2 and was 33.9 kg/m 2 at the time of transplant. The average number of hypertension medications decreased from 2 (range 2 to 4) presurgery to 1 (range 1 to 3) postsurgery. Similarly, hemoglobin A1C levels improved, with preoperative averages at 6.2 (range 5.4 to 7.6) and postoperative levels at 5.2 (range 4.6 to 5.8) All transplants are currently functioning, with a median creatinine of 1.5 (1.2 to 1.6) mg/dL (glomerular filtration rate 46 [36.3 to 71]). A collaborative approach between bariatric and transplant surgery teams offers a pathway toward transplant for obese ESRD patients and potentially alleviates existing healthcare disparities. ESRD patients who undergo MBS have unique complications to be aware of. The improvement in comorbidities may lead to superior posttransplant outcomes.

Kahramanmaraş İlinde Tarımsal Mekanizasyon Düzeyinin İlçelere Göre Poisson Regresyon ile Belirlenmesi

In this study, agricultural mechanization level indicators of the districts of Kahramanmaraş between the years 2012-2021 were calculated. A model has been established for this. While the dependent variable in the model is the agricultural areas planted in the districts according to the years, the independent variables are the number of tractors in the districts according to the years and other determined tools, equipment and machines. Poisson regression test was used, there was 25.022 chi-square probability relationship between the planted agricultural areas in Kahramanmaraş districts between 2012 and 2021, with the number of tractors in the districts and other determined equipment by years. At the level of agricultural mechanization, it was determined that there was a 3.32 decrease in the average number of tractors per 1000 hectares of land in Kahramanmaraş districts between 2012 and 2021, and a decrease of 12.45 in the number of specific equipment per tractor over the years. Among this decrease, it was thought that reasons such as climate change, input costs and job change were among the main reasons for leaving agriculture. In the comparison made from 2012 to 2021, the number of tractors in all districts increased by 54.18%, while the number of tractor equipment was also observed. An increase of 46.11% was observed. In addition, as a result of the trend analysis value applied, it was concluded that the average absolute percentage errors in the districts were 4.10443, the average number of tractors per 1000 hectares by years, and the number of specific equipment per tractor in the districts according to the years was 1.96718, which is a good estimation.