Average Fundamental Frequency Research Articles

Analysis of Speech Prosody Characteristics of Teachers

During the teaching process, the prosodic features of a teachers speech can influence students auditory perception of the teachers speech and, subsequently, affect students enthusiasm, concentration, and comprehension of the lesson content. This study aims to analyze the differences in prosodic features, including pitch, intensity, pauses, and speech rate, among speech samples from different categories of teacher instructional videos. The research algorithm is implemented in Python to calculate prosodic feature values for speech segments. Comparative data analysis revealed that, in comparison to negative teacher instructional video speech samples, positive teacher instructional video speech samples exhibit significantly higher average fundamental frequencies (pitch) and more noticeable variations in speech rate rhythm.

Analysis of the clinical efficacy and voice outcomes of CO2 laser resection versus laryngeal microsurgery for vocal cord polyps

Objective To compare CO2 laser resection and laryngeal microsurgery for vocal cord polyps and provide evidence for the optimal surgical method. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study that included 74 patients with vocal cord polyps who underwent either CO2 laser resection or laryngeal microsurgery in our hospital from August 2018 to December 2021. According to their preference, 77 patients were divided into two groups: a CO2 laser resection group (n = 35) and a laryngeal microsurgery group (n = 39). Patients were evaluated two days before surgery, and follow-ups were conducted one, two and four weeks after surgery. The voice handicap index (VHI-10) score, voice acoustic analysis results and electronic laryngoscopy results were collected for each patient, and the differences between the two groups were evaluated. Results The basic demographic characteristics of the 74 patients were comparable, and all patients completed postoperative follow-up observations. A total of 30 (85.71%) patients in the CO2 laser resection group and 22 (56.41%) patients in the laryngeal microsurgery group were healed. The total effectiveness rate of the CO2 laser resection group (94.29%) was significantly higher than that of the laryngeal microsurgery group (82.05%), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p = .037). Both surgical methods had a positive effect on reducing VHI-10 scores with the effect of CO2 laser resection being more obvious. The difference between the two groups in this regard was statistically significant (p < .001). The effects of each surgical method on the average fundamental frequency perturbation (jitter), amplitude perturbation (shimmer), maximum phonation time and dysphonia severity index were not statistically significant (p > .05). Conclusion CO2 laser resection and laryngeal microsurgery have similar effects on voice quality, but CO2 laser resection has higher clinical efficacy.

The Role of Average Fundamental Frequency Difference on the Intelligibility of Real-Life Competing Sentences.

The average fundamental frequency separation (∆fo) between two competing voices has been shown to provide an important cue for target-speech intelligibility. However, some of the previous investigations used speech materials with linguistic properties and fo characteristics that may not be typical of realistic acoustic scenarios. This study investigated to what extent the effect of ∆fo generalizes to more real-life speech. Real-life sentences and a well-controlled method for manipulating the acoustic stimuli were employed. Fifteen young normal-hearing native Danish listeners were tested in a two-competing-voices sentence recognition task at several target-to-masker ratios (TMRs) and ∆fos. Compared to previous studies that addressed the same experimental scenario with less realistic speech materials, the present results showed only a moderate effect of ∆fo at negative TMRs and a negligible effect at positive TMRs. An analysis of the employed stimuli showed that a large ∆fo effect on the target speech intelligibility is only observed when the competing sentences have highly synchronous fo trajectories, which is typical of the artificial speech materials employed in previous studies. Overall, the present results suggest a relatively small effect of ∆fo on the intelligibility of real-life speech, as compared to previously employed artificial speech, in two-competing-sentences conditions.

Self-Report of Voice Model Usage Within the Nonbinary and Gender-Nonconforming Populations

Purpose: Nonbinary and gender-nonconforming identities are seeking speech-language pathology services more than ever; however, their needs do not fit into the current rhetoric surrounding gender-affirming communication modification. At present, there are limited peer-reviewed data, assessment materials, or evidence-based techniques to achieve a gender-neutral voice or communication style. In addition, what constitutes a gender-neutral voice is left to broad interpretation. This research note provides descriptive information on voice models self-reported by gender-diverse individuals. Method: Voice model data were obtained from a larger survey study assessing barriers to health care and voice dysphoria in nonbinary and gender-nonconforming individuals. Demographic information and continuous speech samples were obtained from publicly available resources. Acoustic information was obtained, edited, and analyzed in Praat. Results: Six respondents (five assigned female at birth, one assigned male at birth) reported at least one specific person they identified as having a voice they preferred or would like to model their own voice after, for 13 total voice models (10 cisgender, three transgender). Among the voice models, average fundamental frequency was 154 Hz, average range was 381 Hz, and average minimum–maximum measures were 85–466 Hz. Conclusions: Specific parameters that constitute a gender-neutral voice or communication style have yet to be determined. Individuals seeking to achieve a more gender-neutral voice may have varying interpretations of what they perceive as being gender neutral. Speech-language pathologists providing gender-affirming communication modification services need to take these factors into consideration when establishing a collaborative experience for nonbinary or gender-nonconforming individuals.

Changes in speech and voice characteristics following two hours and eight hours of acute sleep deprivation

Objectives: Sleep loss is known to affect aircrew performance. The study intended to examine the changes in speech and voice characteristics following 2 and 8 h of sleep deprivation for their potential usage as screening methods for detecting sleep deprivation in aircrew. Material and Methods: In a repeated measure design, the study analyzed the effects of 2 h and 8 h of acute sleep deprivation on speech and voice parameters among 30 healthy male volunteers by analyzing standard paragraph reading for 15 s and sustained vowel/a/for 6 s using the commercially available Dr. Speech Voice assessment tool. Subjective appreciation of sleepiness and fatigue was measured by Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and Chalder’s Fatigue Scale (CFS), respectively, and objective assessment of performance by psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Results: The subjective markers (SSS and CFS) and objective parameters (PVT reaction time) indicated evidence of fatigue onset even after 2-h of sleep deprivation. In speech parameters, average fundamental frequency (F0), F0 range, and % silence time decreased significantly; whereas, speech time, percent voiceless time, and mean percent voiced time increased significantly following 8-h of sleep deprivation, while percent silence time decreased significantly after 8-h of sleep deprivation . In voice parameters, shimmer % and NNE increased significantly while harmonic-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio decreased significantly after 8-h of sleep deprivation. Mean shimmer % showed a significant change even after 2-h of sleep deprivation. Conclusion: The findings of the study bring out significant changes in both the speech and voice spectrum following periods of acute sleep deprivation. The changes were more pronounced during sleep deprivation of 8-h as compared to 2-h. These findings have potential application in aviation environment in objective detection of aircrew fatigue following periods of continuous wakefulness and resultant sleep deprivation.

The Association of Objective Voice Measurement With Treatment of Vocal Fold Masses

Objectives/Hypothesis To determine the predictive value of objective voice measurements in patients with vocal fold masses for receiving medical or surgical management. Study Design Retrospective chart review. Methods Patients presented from January 2015 through March 2020 and diagnosed with vocal fold mass. Objective voice measurements studied were average fundamental frequency, jitter percent, relative average perturbation, shimmer percent, noise to harmonic ratio, standard deviation of fundamental frequency, maximum phonation time, and S:Z ratio. Non-parametric Mann Whitney U test, chi square and fisher exact test were used. Results Ninety-six patients (48 male and 48 female) were included. Males who received surgical management (MS) had significantly higher jitter percent (1.82 ± 1.34) than males who received medical management (MM) (1.16 ± 19.21), P = 0.02. Furthermore, MS had significantly higher relative average perturbation percent (1.06 ± 0.78) than MM (0.68 ± 0.57), P = 0.03. Females who received surgical management had significantly lower shimmer percent (3.74 ± 2.88) than females who received medical management (4.66 ± 2.42), P = 0.01. Univariate significance was found in some female confounding variables. A logistic regression model did not show significance. Conclusion Males with high jitter percent and relative average perturbation are more likely to receive surgical management for vocal fold masses. Females with lower shimmer percent are more likely to have surgical management of vocal fold masses when compared to the medical management group. Objective voice measures did not show significant predictive value when controlled for confounding variables. To determine the predictive value of objective voice measurements in patients with vocal fold masses for receiving medical or surgical management. Retrospective chart review. Patients presented from January 2015 through March 2020 and diagnosed with vocal fold mass. Objective voice measurements studied were average fundamental frequency, jitter percent, relative average perturbation, shimmer percent, noise to harmonic ratio, standard deviation of fundamental frequency, maximum phonation time, and S:Z ratio. Non-parametric Mann Whitney U test, chi square and fisher exact test were used. Ninety-six patients (48 male and 48 female) were included. Males who received surgical management (MS) had significantly higher jitter percent (1.82 ± 1.34) than males who received medical management (MM) (1.16 ± 19.21), P = 0.02. Furthermore, MS had significantly higher relative average perturbation percent (1.06 ± 0.78) than MM (0.68 ± 0.57), P = 0.03. Females who received surgical management had significantly lower shimmer percent (3.74 ± 2.88) than females who received medical management (4.66 ± 2.42), P = 0.01. Univariate significance was found in some female confounding variables. A logistic regression model did not show significance. Males with high jitter percent and relative average perturbation are more likely to receive surgical management for vocal fold masses. Females with lower shimmer percent are more likely to have surgical management of vocal fold masses when compared to the medical management group. Objective voice measures did not show significant predictive value when controlled for confounding variables.

Increasing the speech intelligibility by the use of voice therapy in patients with profound hearing loss

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate changes in the acoustic properties of voice in patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss to determine the effectiveness of voice therapy. Material-Method: Our study consisted of 15 individuals from the 20-25 years of age with bilateral symmetrical hearing loss (Group A), and 15 individuals in the 26-65 age group with post lingual cochlear implants (Group B). The control group (Group C) included 15 adults with the normal hearing range from the age group of 20-30. Prospective analysis methods was utilized for this research. In order to quantitatively measure the psychosocial consequences of voice-related disorders the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) was given, and, to determine the acoustic measures of the voice quality, the /ah/ sound was digitally recorded with the Multidimensional Voice Program (Kay Elemetrics) in all groups. Conclusion: Average Fundamental frequency (F0), jitter percentage (jitter), shimmer, noise-harmonic ratio (NHR), voice turbulence index (VTI), soft phonation index (SPI), PPQ and APQ parameters were analyzed through acoustic sound analysis program. When the data in Group A are compared with Group B, the acoustic parameters show a statistically significant higher value. Discussion: Speech intelligibility increased in individuals with profound hearing loss who received sound therapy and who used cochlear implants. According to the results of the VHI, individuals with cochlear implants benefit from voice therapy.

Adapted melodic intonation therapy can help raise trans women’s singing and speaking fundamental frequencies

Aim Voice interventions for transgender individuals can address several speech and voice parameters – fundamental frequency, resonance, intonation, rhythm, and intensity. In this study, we focus on fundamental voice frequency and build on existing research to test one technique that has been shown in a preliminary study to effectively adjust fundamental voice frequency in line with clients’ goals. Method More specifically, we employed an adaptation of melodic intonation therapy (MIT) to assess whether it can raise trans women’s average fundamental frequency to a significant degree. Eleven trans women participated in two one-to-one therapy sessions, four weeks apart. Results Results pointed to a statistically significant rise in both their singing and speaking fundamental frequencies following the adapted MIT therapy sessions. Participants were also successful in imitating upward fundamental frequency contours when singing and in producing them independently in the speech modality. Future Directions Longitudinal studies are warranted to determine whether the observed positive results translate into long-term benefits.

Design of Music Teaching System Based on Internet of Things Multimedia Intelligent Platform

In order to improve the practical and popularization value of the multimedia vocal music teaching system, the author proposes a teaching system based on the Internet of Things multimedia intelligent platform. Mainly use Visual C++ to realize the acquisition, playback, and display of audio and realize the real-time modification of the sound wave waveform on the computer and also add the function of vocal score. Experimental results show that in the pitch comparison, the standard fundamental frequency average value of the fundamental frequency track of the two pieces of music is obtained by the cepstral method: avgF 0 = 143.12 HZ and the average fundamental frequency of the trial singing: avgF 0 = 142.05 HZ . The average distance and score of each parameter of the testers are mindisv = 726.126 for pitch intensity, path length = 144 ; mindisp = 4.51987 , path length = 163 for pitch, breath smoothness = 484.20 . Conclusion. This method not only improves the intuitiveness and interaction of vocal music teaching, but also increases the interest of vocal music teaching.

The neural response at the fundamental frequency of speech is modulated by word-level acoustic and linguistic information.

Spoken language comprehension requires rapid and continuous integration of information, from lower-level acoustic to higher-level linguistic features. Much of this processing occurs in the cerebral cortex. Its neural activity exhibits, for instance, correlates of predictive processing, emerging at delays of a few 100 ms. However, the auditory pathways are also characterized by extensive feedback loops from higher-level cortical areas to lower-level ones as well as to subcortical structures. Early neural activity can therefore be influenced by higher-level cognitive processes, but it remains unclear whether such feedback contributes to linguistic processing. Here, we investigated early speech-evoked neural activity that emerges at the fundamental frequency. We analyzed EEG recordings obtained when subjects listened to a story read by a single speaker. We identified a response tracking the speaker's fundamental frequency that occurred at a delay of 11 ms, while another response elicited by the high-frequency modulation of the envelope of higher harmonics exhibited a larger magnitude and longer latency of about 18 ms with an additional significant component at around 40 ms. Notably, while the earlier components of the response likely originate from the subcortical structures, the latter presumably involves contributions from cortical regions. Subsequently, we determined the magnitude of these early neural responses for each individual word in the story. We then quantified the context-independent frequency of each word and used a language model to compute context-dependent word surprisal and precision. The word surprisal represented how predictable a word is, given the previous context, and the word precision reflected the confidence about predicting the next word from the past context. We found that the word-level neural responses at the fundamental frequency were predominantly influenced by the acoustic features: the average fundamental frequency and its variability. Amongst the linguistic features, only context-independent word frequency showed a weak but significant modulation of the neural response to the high-frequency envelope modulation. Our results show that the early neural response at the fundamental frequency is already influenced by acoustic as well as linguistic information, suggesting top-down modulation of this neural response.

한국어 낭독과 자유 발화의 운율적 특성*

This study aims to clarify the prosodic differences in speech types by examining the Korean read speech and spontaneous speech in the Korean part of the L2 Korean Speech Corpus (speech corpus for Korean as a foreign language). To this end, the articulation length, articulation speed, pause length and frequency, and the average fundamental frequency values of sentences were set as variables and analyzed via statistical methodologies (<italic>t</italic>-test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis). The results found that read speech and spontaneous speech were structurally different in the form of prosodic phrases constituting each sentence and that the prosodic elements differentiating each speech type were articulation length, pause length, and pause frequency. The statistical results show that the correlation between articulation speed and articulation length was highest in read speech, explaining that the longer a given sentence is, the faster the speaker speaks. In spontaneous speech, however, the relationship between the articulation length and the pause frequency in a sentence was high. Overall, spontaneous speech produces more pauses because short intonation phrases are continuously built to make a sentence, and as a result, the sentence gets lengthened.

Quality of Voice in Patients With Partial Deafness Before and After Cochlear Implantation

Quality of Voice in Patients With Partial Deafness Before and After Cochlear Implantation

Multiparametric Analysis of Voice at Madhya and Taara Sthayi in Indian Carnatic Singers

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to document the vocal parameters in Madhya sthayi and Taara sthayi in Indian Carnatic singers. The study deployed a prospective, observational, repeated-measures group design. The study comprised 15 trained Carnatic singers with a senior degree in Carnatic singing. Participants were asked to sing an ascending glide and descending glide from Madhya sthayi to Taara sthayi and back to the Madhya sthayi. The acoustic and the cepstral parameters were extracted at Madhya sthayi and Taara sthayi. As a part of spectral measures, harmonic amplitude differences were calculated at both registers of singing. The results showed that the average fundamental frequency at Madhya sthayi was equal to G# (C3 on the musical scale). At Taara sthayi, the average fundamental frequency was corresponding to F# (C4 on the musical scale). Among the acoustic measures, namely range of fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and all the spectral measures, showed significantly higher mean values at Taara sthayi. The mean values of harmonic-to-noise ratio and the cepstral peak prominence were significantly higher at Madhya sthayi. The present study results captivate the attention of voice pathologists to develop pitch-specific normative data for the evaluation of voice in Carnatic singers.

Module Lifetime Evaluation Method for the Power Converter of the DFIG Based on the Analysis of the Field Wind Speed Probability and Ambient Temperature

The junction temperature fluctuation (&#x0394;Tj) of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) around the synchronous speed point, deteriorates the reliability of the power converter considerably. Therefore, a lifetime evaluation method for the power converter of DFIG is proposed in this paper. Combining the speed-power curve of the generator with the grid side converter (GSC) and the rotor side converter (RSC), and using the equivalent thermo-electric network of IGBT module, the junction temperature (Tj) model of the power converter is established to calculate the average junction temperature and fundamental frequency temperature fluctuation. Based on the field measured data of the wind speed probability and ambient temperature of three wind power plants in different latitude region, the operation life curves of GSC and RSC are obtained by curve fitting, and the life spans of five type of power modules are evaluated and compared. It can be seen that the lifetime of the converter could be reduced significantly due to the ambient temperature-induced low frequency temperature fluctuations in the thermal cycling, while, the fundamental frequency thermal cycle caused by the running frequency of the converter has slight effect on the overall life.

Croaking’s activities of Amnirana albolabris (Hallowell, 1856) a frog from Banco National Park (Côte d’Ivoire)

The croaking activities of Amnirana albolabris were studied in Banco National Park from February 2018 to January 2019. The songs were acoustically counted then, eight croaks were recorded in a male using a Techno device and analyzed sing the Sounder software 0.9.6. The see wave R package was needed to highlight the graphics in the waveform. In this species, croaking usually begins at 3 p.m. and ends at 9 a.m. The rhythm of croaking activity is early during the heavy rainy season (6 p.m.) and peaks at 9 p.m. during the short dry season and the short rainy season. The peak is reached at 24 hours during the great dry season. The average duration of croaks is 3.197 ± 2.32s. The recorded average fundamental frequency is 3960.937 ± 4133.42 Hz. The average dominant frequency reaches 1980.47 ± 2066.72 Hz and the recorded average minimum frequency is 3890.625 ± 4113.72 Hz. As for the maximum frequency average, it is 4007.81 ± 4154.6 Hz. The average duration between intervals is 6.03 ± 2.25s and the notes were repeated in each croaking between 0 and 5 times.

Injection laryngoplasty as an effective treatment method for glottal insufficiency in aged patients

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to assess outcomes of injection laryngoplasty (IL) for treating glottal insufficiency in elderly patients with presbyphonia or unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). MethodsA single-center retrospective study was performed. The study group consisted of 34 patients with glottal insufficiency aged between 60 and 82 years who had been treated with injection laryngoplasty. Of them, 16 patients were diagnosed with presbyphonia and 18 with UVFP. ResultsAfter IL, glottal closure improved in both groups. The change was statistically significant in the patients with presbyphonia (marginal homogeneity test MH = 3.80; p < 0.001) and in the UVFP patients (MH = 4.04; p < 0.001). Voice quality improved after IL and 12 months after surgical intervention remained significantly better compared to before augmentation (MH tests were statistically significant at p < 0.05 for R, B, A, and S parameters). In the patients with UVFP, significant improvement was observed in 7 of 12 evaluated parameters (Jitt, RAP, PPQ, Shim, APQ, sAPQ, and NHR) but in the patients with presbyphonia only average fundamental frequency (F0) improved significantly. Comparison of the Voice Handicap Index outcomes before and 12 months after surgery showed improvement of subjectively assessed voice quality in both groups; however, the change was statistically significant only in the UVFP patients. ConclusionsInjection laryngoplasty is a safe and effective treatment method for glottal insufficiency in the elderly. This study shows a significant and clinically relevant improvement to at least12 months, especially in patients with UVFP.

Perception of gender in children's voices.

To investigate the perception of gender from children's voices, adult listeners were presented with /hVd/ syllables, in isolation and in sentence context, produced by children between 5 and 18 years. Half the listeners were informed of the age of the talker during trials, while the other half were not. Correct gender identifications increased with talker age; however, performance was above chance even for age groups where the cues most often associated with gender differentiation (i.e., average fundamental frequency and formant frequencies) were not consistently different between boys and girls. The results of acoustic models suggest that cues were used in an age-dependent manner, whether listeners were explicitly told the age of the talker or not. Overall, results are consistent with the hypothesis that talker age and gender are estimated jointly in the process of speech perception. Furthermore, results show that the gender of individual talkers can be identified accurately well before reliable anatomical differences arise in the vocal tracts of females and males. In general, results support the notion that the transmission of gender information from voice depends substantially on gender-dependent patterns of articulation, rather than following deterministically from anatomical differences between male and female talkers.

Articulatory and acoustic analysis of voice acting

Voice actors are an under-utilized population for linguistic study. Looking at voice actors' novel productions of typical speech sounds can tell us more about over which muscles we have volitional control. This can help test models of speech production, inform speech therapy, and create better pedagogy for teaching vocal performance. While there have been several studies analyzing the acoustics produced by voice actors (Teshigawara, 2001; 2003; 2004; 2009; 2011; Teshigawara et al., 2007; Uchida, 2007) there are fewer studies that have investigated the articulation of voice acting (Teshigawara &amp; Murano, 2004). This study used acoustic analysis, 3D ultrasound, and electroglottography to investigate the speech produced by six professional and amateur voice actors (2 female, 4 male). Measures of average fundamental frequency (F0) and F0 range were collected from each actor speaking in their regular adult voice and a simulated child voice. 3D ultrasound was used to look at tongue placement and horizontal kymograms of the ultrasound images were also used to infer hyoid bone movement. Additionally, acoustic estimates of vocal tract length were compared to electroglottography measurements of laryngeal raising for two of the subjects. This presentation will describe the within-subject variation across each actor’s adult and simulated child voices.

Vocal Changes of Men and Women from Different Age Decades: An Analysis from 30 Years of Age

ObjectiveTo verify the modifications in auditory-perceptual and acoustic parameters of the fundamental frequency, short-term perturbation, noise, and cepstral measures of voice in young and elderly were distributed over the age of decades. MethodsThe study was conducted on 265 subjects (140 females and 125 males), aged 30 to 79 years, without a history of vocal complaints or dysphonia, distributed in five age groups for females and males (30-39 years until 70-79 years). Three speech therapists voice specialists performed the perceptual-auditory analysis using a 100-mm visual analog scale, based on the overall dysphonia grade (overall grade), roughness, and breathiness from the sustained vowel /a/. The smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS), average fundamental frequency (F0), standard deviation of the fundamental frequency (std-F0), jitter percentage (%), shimmer percentage (%), noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR), voice turbulence index (VTI), and soft phonation index (SPI) were extracted for the acoustic analysis ResultsIn the case of the auditory-perceptual characteristics, the comparison between aged groups showed that, in men, the vocal quality did not show significant differences in the overall grade, roughness, and breathiness. However, women in the 3rd decade of life presented higher breathiness than those in the 5th, 6th, and 7th decades. Men had a higher overall grade and roughness than women. In the case of the acoustic data, the cepstral measure showed that in the 3rd decade, men presented higher CPPS than females. The noise measures, in the comparison by age groups, only VTI and SPI were different for women: VTI was higher in the 7th decade than in the 4th, whereas SPI was higher in the 4th decade than in older women. In the male population, the SPI in the 4th decade was also higher than that in the older population ConclusionThe analysis by age groups of life allowed the identification of breathiness as a sensitive parameter in the different stages of adult life in women. The CPPS analysis showed that the 7th age decade is the period of the appearance of vocal changes for females, characterized by higher CPPS. The results related to traditional short-term perturbation and noise measurements showed that changes in F0, jitter, shimmer, and NHR were not found. Among the other noise measurements, VTI and SPI demonstrated some changes in different decades of life.

The Impact of Vocal Task on Voice Acoustics, Effort and Discomfort Following Submandibular Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Healthy Adults

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) offers a potential adjuvant to traditional voice therapy for individuals with dysphonia. The type of vocal task to implement in conjunction with electrical stimulation to achieve maximal therapeutic benefit is unknown. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of tasks on voice outcomes. Nineteen vocally-healthy adult females, between 23 and 27 years of age (Ave: 23.8, SD: 1.13), participated in the study. 15 participants completed all three 30-minute sessions, and four completed at least one session. NMES was paired with three different voice conditions: high-pitched hum, low-pitched hum, and comfortable-pitched hum. Acoustic (average fundamental frequency and loudness; perturbation (jitter, shimmer, noise to harmonic ratio); Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia; pitch range), perceived phonatory effort, and discomfort (delayed onset muscle soreness) measures were compared across conditions. Eight participants experienced discomfort following NMES. Three participants withdrew from the study due to discomfort, and one withdrew due to an unrelated oral surgery. NMES paired with high-pitch humming resulted in increased average fundamental frequency during sustained phonation and reading tasks, and increased Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia during sustained phonation. Low-pitch humming resulted in a decreased noise to harmonic ratio. No statistically significant changes in perceived phonatory effort were noted. Almost half of the participants reported temporary discomfort. Task-specific differences in some outcomes were noted indicating that the nature of voice task performed with NMES must be considered when examining the impact of NMES on voice. Vocal tasks can impact discomfort and acoustic vocal outcomes of NMES.