Average Final Score Research Articles

Students' Physics Problem-Solving Skills Using a Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Interactive PowerPoint

This study aims to analyze the effect of a problem-based learning model assisted by interactive PowerPoint on students' physics problem-solving skills. The method used is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. The population of this study consists of all 11th-grade students at MAN 2 Mataram. The research sample consists of 21 students from class XI IPA 2 as the control group and 20 students from class XI IPA 3 as the experimental group, selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument used was a problem-solving ability test in the form of an essay. The results showed that the experimental class using the problem-based learning model assisted by interactive PowerPoint had a higher average final score of 84.12 compared to the control class, which had a score of 71.03 using a conventional learning model. Hypothesis testing obtained a sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.008 < 0.05, meaning that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that the problem-based learning model assisted by interactive PowerPoint is effective in improving students' physics problem-solving skills.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Kolaborasi Siswa Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning pada Pelajaran Pak Fase B Kelas IV SD Negeri 01 Saibi Samukop

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Catholic Religious Education learning through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in class IV of SD Negeri 01 Saibi Samukop. The problem raised is the low understanding of students on the Ten Commandments material, which results in unsatisfactory learning outcomes. The research method used is classroom action research with two cycles, which include planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes, with the average final test score increasing from 65 to 85 after the application of PBL. The conclusion of this study is that PBL is effective in improving students' understanding of teaching materials. The recommendation given is for teachers to apply PBL consistently and conduct training to improve teaching skills in the context of problem-based learning.

Analysis and Design of UI/UX Models for Elderly Users in Digital Agricultural Business Transformation

Digital agriculture faces challenges, namely in integrating Elderly People (SENIORS) in digital transformation. The purpose of the study is to analyze and design UI/UX models according to user needs, expectations, and challenges. The method used is the Design Thinking approach which begins with literature study, then interviews are conducted to identify problems faced by users, and analyze the need to determine problem priorities. UI/UX prototypes are carried out to design solutions that suit user needs, and evaluations are carried out to collect user feedback. The data is assessed through the System Usability Scale (SUS) approach to appraise the designed user interface (UI). The evaluation results showed a "good" rating based on the SUS category, with a final average score of 74,391, so that the solutions designed meet usability standards for SENIORS users in the context of digital agriculture. Thus, the research carried out contributes to increasing the effectiveness and adoption of SENIORS in digital agriculture, as well as by designing user-friendly UI/UX models, making an important step towards inclusive and sustainable digital agriculture.

Penggunaan Media Ritatoon untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Seksual Anak Usia Dini

Purpose – Knowledge of sexuality is crucial from an early age because it can help children avoid sexual harassment and prevent gender bias. This study aims to find out whether Ritatoon media can affect sexual knowledge of children aged 5 to 6 years in PAUD Melati 2 in Jambi City.Method – The research was conducted using a pre-experimental design of One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design, total sampling, and a non-probability approach, purposive sampling type. The data analysis techniques used included t-test hypothesis testing with prerequisite tests of homogeneity and normality..Findings – The research results show that the average pre-test score is 15.111 and the average post-test score is 21.889 with a total score of 197. The t test results show that the value of t count is 30,500, which is the same as the t table of 2.365, so t count > t table shows that there is The influence is on strong interpretation with a value of 3.17 which is in the range > 1.00 with strong interpretation (Strong Effect). Calculated results showed that the average pre-test score was 15.111 with a total score of 136, and the average post-test score was 21.889 with a total score of 197. The average final test score was higher than the average initial test score of 6.778, which shows that Ritatoon media has an impact on children's sexual educationResearch Implications – The study's findings suggest that ritatoon media can be utilized as a teaching tool to help kids between the ages of five and six build their sexual literacy by giving them more insight into and information about learning activities that can help them become more sexually knowledgeable. via media and education, and serve as a resource for educators doing exercises aimed at promoting early sexual education.

The Development of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Based Mathematics Learning Tools to Improve Problem Solving Ability in Elementary School

This paper examines the development and analysis of mathematics learning tools based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) to enhance problem-solving skills in elementary school students. The research follows a development methodology, utilizing the Plomp development model, which includes three phases: preliminary research, development or prototyping, and assessment. Data collection methods comprised validation sheets, practicality test questionnaires, and question sheets. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on the collected data. Validity was assessed using a Likert scale, while practicality was evaluated through descriptive techniques and a Likert scale, and effectiveness was measured using a specific formula. The categorized percentage values were based on modified exposure levels. Additionally, the effectiveness of the learning tools was analyzed using student test scores, with hypothesis testing conducted via a t-test at an α level of 0.05. The content and language validity, as evaluated by validators, achieved a score of 92.54%, indicating a very valid category. Teacher responses rated the practicality of the learning tools at 97.85%, and student responses rated it at 95.86%, both indicating high practicality. The average final test score for students' problem-solving abilities was 94.69. These results suggest that the RME-based learning tools developed are highly suitable for use in fifth-grade in elementary school.

Upaya Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Kebugaran Jasmani Dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD)

This research is classroom action research, this research was conducted in class X6 of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. Based on the researcher's initial observations at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar, several problems were found that affected student learning outcomes, especially physical fitness material. As an alternative to solving existing problems, researchers provide a solution in the form of putting into practice a cooperative learning model of the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) type with the aim of improving the physical fitness results of class X6 students. This investigation is classroom action research, this investigation was carried out in class X6 of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar. A population of 45 people was used, and the entirety was used as a sample. The cycle in this research was carried out until it reached completion in accordance with the KKTP that had been determined at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar, namely 75. After implementing the STAD type cooperative learning model, the average final score of students increased beyond the KKTP that had been determined. It can be concluded that the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model can improve physical fitness learning outcomes in class X6 students at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar.

Gamification Approach to Provide Support About the Deferral Experience in Blood Donation: Design and Feasibility Study.

Multiple studies have examined the impact of deferral on the motivation of prospective blood donors, proposing various policies and strategies to support individuals who undergo this experience. However, existing information and communications technology systems focused on blood donation have not yet integrated these ideas or provided options to assist with the deferral experience. This study aims to propose an initial gamified design aimed at mitigating the impact of the deferral experience by addressing the drivers of awareness and knowledge, interaction and validation, and motivation. Additionally, the study explores the feasibility of implementing such a system for potential users. We conducted a literature review focusing on the dynamics of motivation and intention related to blood donation, as well as the deferral situation and its impact on citizens. Through this review, we identified weak donor identity, lack of knowledge, and reduced motivation as key factors requiring support from appropriate interventions. These factors were then defined as our key drivers. Taking these into account, we proposed a gamification approach that incorporates concepts from the MDA framework. The aim is to stimulate the aforementioned drivers and expand the concept of contribution and identity in blood donation. For a preliminary evaluation, we designed a prototype to collect feedback on usability, usefulness, and interest regarding a potential implementation of our proposed gamification approach. Among the participants, a total of 11 citizens interacted with the app and provided feedback through our survey. They indicated that interacting with the app was relatively easy, with an average score of 4.13 out of 5 when considering the 11 tasks of interaction. The SUS results yielded a final average score of 70.91 from the participants' answers. Positive responses were received when participants were asked about liking the concept of the app (3.82), being likely to download it (3.55), and being likely to recommend it to others (3.64). Participants expressed positivity about the implementation of the design but also highlighted current shortcomings and suggested possible improvements in both functionality and usability. Although deferral is a common issue in blood donation, there is a missed opportunity in existing ICT services regarding how to effectively handle such experiences. Our proposed design and implementation seem to have captured the interest of prospective users due to its perceived positive usefulness and potential. However, further confirmation is needed. Improving the design of activities that currently rely heavily on extrinsic motivation elements and integrating more social components to create an enhanced activity loop for intrinsic motivation could further increase the value of the proposed project. Future research could involve conducting a more specialized and longitudinal design evaluation with a larger sample size.

Parental Involvement Influence on Education Participation for Learners with Hearing Impairments in Special Public Primary Schools in Meru and Isiolo Counties- Kenya

Globally need for education, as a measure of one's ability to function fully in today's society, is an important motivator for efforts to achieve the highest level of education in the world. The persistent under achievement of deaf students in Kenyan schools is of great concern as evidenced by final average scores in their formative and summative scores in their assessments. This study aimed to find out how parental involvement influences education participation for learners with hearing impairment. The study was guided by Maslows theory of motivation in learning. A phenomenological research design was utilized. The study targeted three primary schools handling learners with hearing impairments in Meru and Isiolo counties that is Kaaga, Njia, and Isiolo school for learners with hearing impairment. A thematic approach was used to analyze the qualitative data. The study revealed that parental involvement was minimal. Based on the study findings, collective effort should be made to sensitize the parents on their roles in the education of their children. Employers of parents of students with hearing impairments should be given days off with pay when going to attend to their children's issues in school like closing days, opening days, and clinic days for their children. The school should provide some incentives to parents like meals during the school meetings to help reduce parents’ expenses. The government should ensure tax waivers for parents of students with hearing impairments. The stakeholders should help change parental attitudes that their children will not make it.

Placement Option Influence on Education Participation for Learners with Hearing Impairments in Special Public Primary Schools in Meru and Isiolo Counties- Kenya

Globally need for education, as a measure of one's ability to function fully in today's society, is an important motivator for efforts to achieve the highest level of education in the world. The persistence underachieving of deaf students in Kenyan schools is of great concern as evidenced by final average scores in their formative and summative scores in their assessments. This study aimed to find out how placement options influence education participation for learners with hearing impairment. The study was guided by Maslows theory of motivation in learning. A phenomenological research design was utilized. The study targeted three primary schools handling learners with hearing impairments in Meru and Isiolo counties that is Kaaga, Njia, and Isiolo school for learners with hearing impairment. A thematic approach was used to analyze the qualitative data. The study revealed that the assessment of learners for placement was not effectively done. The following were some recommendations made. Parents should be made aware of the existence of EARC and its role. Learners should be assessed early enough to avoid the placement of overage learners in lower grades. The EARC should be staffed with the right and adequate personnel for effective assessment. The government should fund EARC so that the staff can effectively carry its role of sensitization and mobilization in a wide area thus helping in early identification, assessment, and placement.

Developing learning and training within industry model to improve work readiness of vocational high school students

<span lang="EN-US">Unemployment is still a national priority that needs to be addressed. In 2022, vocational high schools in Indonesia had the highest open unemployment rate. The highest open unemployment rate is a result of vocational high school students’ insufficient work readiness. Therefore, this research aims to develop a learning and training within industry (LTWI) model, and to evaluate the model’s efficacy in increasing vocational high school students’ work readiness. The research employed a research and development (R&D) design by Richey and Klein with the phases of needs analysis, internal validation, and external validation. There were 12 teachers and 89 students from the automotive engineering department at Muhammadiyah 1 Pakem Vocational High School and 1 Puring Vocational High School, as well as six instructors from the automotive industry: GAS Auto Service, Automotive Jogjakarta Center (OJC), Bengkel Barokah, and RND Auto Service, participated in the research. Data collection strategies adopted were interviews, questionnaires, and performance tests. The data were descriptively evaluated, and the conclusions were drawn using a categorization formula. With an average score of 3.43, the LTWI model can be used to learn very well. With an average final score of 3.32, the efficacy of the LTWI learning model falls into the category of “very good”. The LTWI model can be applied effectively to learning in vocational high schools since it has a positive influence on students’ work readiness.</span>

#3099 Time dependent evolution of patient perception of care in a large dialysis population

Abstract Background and Aims Patient perspectives about the level of attention provided in chronic hemodialysis (HD) are increasingly considered cornerstones in individualization of true patient-centred and high-value care. The objective of our work was to evaluate the time dependent evolution of the level of patient perception of care (PPC) in a large dialysis provider. Method A multicenter retrospective observational study in HD patients was conducted in 19 countries. Responses to an anonymous PPC survey were collected, in all eligible patients, in 2021, 2022 and 2023 and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis method. PPC survey is composed of several questions covering 12 areas, considered fundamental in hemodialysis care: “Access”, “Communication”, “Fluid intake and diet”, “Information”, “Needling”, “Privacy and dignity”, “Scheduling and planning of your appointments”, “Sharing decisions about your care”, “Support”, “Tests and investigations”, “The environment” and “Transport”. The level of satisfaction about medical staff interactions and level of care before, during and after dialysis, are individually graded from 0 and 7 obtaining a final average PPC score, with a higher score representing a better perception of the level of care provided. Additionally, a Net Promoter Score (NPS) is calculated with a single-question survey and valued between −100 to +100. Results were presented as means and a p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results All HD patients from 19 countries, with valid responses in the PPC surveys performed in 3 years were included. The response rate increased throughout the period of evaluation: 89.2% in 2021, 86.8% in 2022 and 93.8% in 2023. Generally, an improvement in mean PPC score was observed: 6.30 in 2021, 6.36 in 2022 and 6.43 in 2023 and NPS score also increased over time: 62% in 2021, 66% in 2022 and 68% in 2023. Along the time, the three areas with higher and lower scores were fairly stable: “Fluid intake”, “Information” and “Privacy and dignity” in the top three, and “Needling”, “Transport” and “Sharing decisions about your care” in the bottom three valued parameters. With the exception of “The environment” and “Transport”, all the scores presented an average equal or higher than 6. Conclusion PPC scores in our dialysis population showed a good level of perception of the level of care provided and improved throughout the 3 years of the study evaluation. Despite this, the survey consistently identified three main areas of improvement and motivated the creation and implementation of oriented programs in our population. Re-evaluation of the effect of these interventions in the next survey will be fundamental to guide further actions.

Infection prevention and control programs in Armenian Psychoneurological Hospitals

Aim of the study: to characterize the integration and implementation of the main components of infection prevention and control (IPC), defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), in psychoneurological hospitals in Armenia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted over the period from 2019 to 2022 in all 8 psychoneurological hospitals in Armenia. The research tool was based on using the IPCAF (Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework) questionnaire translated into Armenian, consisting of 8 sections. In accordance with the WHO scoring methodology, each possible answer to the question was scored. The maximum total score for each core component could be 100 points, and the final score — 800. Descriptive epidemiology was used during the study. Results. The average final score for all IPCAF components for all neuropsychiatric hospitals in Armenia over the entire study period was increased by 1.46 times (from 345.0±10.7 points in 2019 to 502.5±32.5 in 2022; р 0.01) and in 2022 was characterized as an “intermediate level”. Analysis by individual IPC core components (CC) found that the highest average scores in 2022 were obtained for components CC2 (IPC guidelines) — 81.6 points, CC8 (Built environment, materials and equipment for IPC at the facility level) — 72.8 points, and CC5 (Multimodal strategies) — 70.0 points. The lowest average scores were obtained for the key components: CC4 (Health care-associated infection (HAI) surveillance) — 45.0 points, and for CC3 (IPC education and training) — 56.3 points and CC7 (Workload, staffing and bed occupancy) — 56.9 points. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated for the first time an opportunity for using the IPCAF questionnaire to evaluate IPC programs in neuropsychiatric hospitals and identify gaps in various areas of IPC. Information was received regarding the state of key IPC component implementation in psychoneurological hospitals in Armenia. Analysis by individual core components identified gaps that need to be addressed. It is recommended to implement continuous monitoring of compliance with various aspects of IPC in order to prevent weakening of control and deterioration of epidemiological situation.

Non-prescribed Ritalin use among medical students and its association with depression: A study in Iran

BackgroundMethylphenidate, a nervous system stimulant, is the active ingredient in the brand-name medication Ritalin. The non-medical consumption of this drug is on the rise worldwide, particularly among medical students who belong to an at-risk group. However, misusing this drug can have adverse effects such as depression. In this study, we sought to evaluate the relationship between arbitrary use of Ritalin and the incidence of depression and explore associated factors. MethodsIn this descriptive cross-sectional study, we examined 100 medical students enrolled at (XXX) Medical School (XXX) who reported taking at least one dose of Ritalin in the past month. We gathered participant data, including demographics such as age, education, residence status, history of psychiatric illness, and history of psychiatric medication use. Additionally, we collected information related to depression and anxiety using a questionnaire design based on the Hamilton scoring system in which a score range of 10–13 indicates mild depression, a score range of 14–17 signifies mild to moderate depression, and a score exceeding 17 indicates moderate to severe depression. ResultsSeveral noteworthy findings emerged from our study. We observed that the average age of female (26.45 ± 4.55, n = 39) participants was significantly higher than that of their male (24.26 ± 3.71, n = 61) counterparts (p = 0.01). Moreover, the average final depression score for students was determined to be 18.19, with a median score of 16. The data analysis revealed that 45% of students exhibited moderate to severe depression, whereas 55% experienced either no depression or only mild symptoms. ConclusionsOur study indicates that depression is indeed a significant side effect of Ritalin use among medical students.

Pengaruh Metode SQ3R Terhadap Maharah Al-Qiroah Siswa Kelas XI-3 SMA Mujahidin Surabaya

The methods used in the learning process greatly influence student learning outcomes. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention. The article aims to determine the significant influence of the SQ3R method on al maharah al-qiraah in class XI-3 at SMA Mujahidin Surabaya. By using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method. The implementation in class XI-3 of SMA Mujahidin Surabaya consisted of an experimental group (XI-3), totaling 20 students and a control group (XI-4), totaling 21 students. Data was collected through the use of final tests (post tests) and also observation. After this stage, analysis was carried out by comparing the average scores between the experimental group and the control group. Apart from that, the significance of the average value of the processed post-test results was also observed. This research resulted in the finding that the increase in learning outcomes for students in class XI-3 (experimental group) towards maharah al-qiraah was higher compared to students in class. Based on these results, the final average score for the class conventional method (lecture) is 76.00. Then, from the results, the conclusion is that the SQ3R method has a significant effect on maharah alqiraah in Arabic language learning for class XI-3 students.

Application of BPNN’s intelligent ETQ model in network English teaching

Teaching evaluation is a key initiative to improve the quality of education and teaching. The research significance of this study is rooted in addressing the limitations of the traditional evaluation of teaching quality (ETQ) model, which often relies on a single evaluation index, exhibits a one-sided perspective, and suffers from pronounced subjectivity. In this context, this paper delves into the application of the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) to enhance and refine the ETQ model. The intelligent ETQ model was constructed and utilized in network English teaching to enhance the effect and quality of network English teaching. By analyzing the characteristics and needs of network English teaching, the advantages of BPNN in the ETQ were explored. The intelligent evaluation model was constructed, and its application effect in network English teaching was studied and evaluated. The total number of students satisfied with the BPNN based network English ETQ model was 151, with a total satisfaction rate of 75.5%. The ETQ model on the basis of BPNN was applied to network English teaching, which helped the average final score of Class 2 improve by 5.44 points compared to the division exam. The ETQ model based on BPNN was applied to network English teaching, which can improve the rationality of teaching evaluation and help improve students’ school English proficiency.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI TEOREMA PHYTAGORAS DI SMPN 05 METRO

This research aims to determine the increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes through a project based learning in Statistics of Class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 29 Samarinda at 2021/2022. The research method applied was classroom action research with 28 students as research subjects. A total of 22 students were analyzed because 6 students did not participate in full learning. Data collection techniques used documents in the form of basic scores (student UTS scores), individual assignments (Individual LKS), group assignments (Group LKS), Project Progress Tables, Activity Observation Sheets (Students and Teachers), and End of Cycle Tests. The results of students' mathematics learning were seen from the increase in the average value of student learning outcomes from basic values to cycle I, namely 48.64 to 63.74. In cycle II the average value increased to 72.76. In cycle III the average value increased to 85.04. The activities of teachers and students in learning in cycle I were still classified as sufficient and very insufficient. In cycle II, teacher and student activities reached the good and sufficient categories. In cycle III there had been an increase and achieved very good results for teacher and student activities. The project was successfully completed as a group according to the LKS guidelines with an average final assignment score of 85.99. The project based learning model was successfully implemented and can improve student learning outcomes in statistics of class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 29 Samarinda at 2021/2022.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI STATISTIKA

This research aims to determine the increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes through a project based learning in Statistics of Class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 29 Samarinda at 2021/2022. The research method applied was classroom action research with 28 students as research subjects. A total of 22 students were analyzed because 6 students did not participate in full learning. Data collection techniques used documents in the form of basic scores (student UTS scores), individual assignments (Individual LKS), group assignments (Group LKS), Project Progress Tables, Activity Observation Sheets (Students and Teachers), and End of Cycle Tests. The results of students' mathematics learning were seen from the increase in the average value of student learning outcomes from basic values to cycle I, namely 48.64 to 63.74. In cycle II the average value increased to 72.76. In cycle III the average value increased to 85.04. The activities of teachers and students in learning in cycle I were still classified as sufficient and very insufficient. In cycle II, teacher and student activities reached the good and sufficient categories. In cycle III there had been an increase and achieved very good results for teacher and student activities. The project was successfully completed as a group according to the LKS guidelines with an average final assignment score of 85.99. The project based learning model was successfully implemented and can improve student learning outcomes in statistics of class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 29 Samarinda at 2021/2022.

The Construction of a Model for Cultivating Intercultural Communication Competence of Business English Majors in the Context of One Belt and One Road

Abstract Under the background of Belt and Road, not only economic cooperation but also humanistic exchanges between countries should be strengthened, which requires that modern college students have strong communication skills in Business English. This paper discusses the model of cultivation and constructs an ICC model containing five aspects: knowledge, attitude, interpretation and association skills, discovery and interaction skills, and education. Based on this model, the course content and teaching methods are designed around four dimensions: attitude, knowledge, skills, and critical cultural awareness. Through the construction of the intercultural communication competence index system to verify the effect of the ICC model on the cultivation of students’ intercultural communication competence, all dimensions show that the effect of the ICC model is more obvious. The results of teaching practice show that the student’s final average score is 66.59, which is 10.27 points higher than the midterm average score, and the significant probability of the t-test using SPSS is p<0.01, which is a significant difference between before and after. The above-analyzed results prove that the ICC model achieved good teaching effects in the application experiment.

The Establishment and Quality Improvement Effect of Physical Education Teaching Evaluation System in higher education institution

Abstract The assessment findings are given too much weight in the current system of evaluation for physical education instruction at higher education institutions. In contrast, the method of teaching and students’ basic health literacy are given insufficient weight. To address this phenomenon, this paper utilizes educational evaluation theory, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory, and multiple evaluation theory as the basis for setting up the higher education institution’s physical education teaching assessment system. Three first-level indexes comprise the entire index system, namely, “condition quality,” “process quality,” and “result quality.” Through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, hierarchical analysis, and genetic algorithm, it is determined that the “process quality” is the most important factor. The “process quality” has the highest weight coefficient of 0.4419, which enhances the importance of the physical education teaching process in higher education institutions. After determining the evaluation index system, the average physical education scores of X physical education classes in University H were calculated by conventional teaching evaluation means and the evaluation means established in this paper, respectively, and compared and analyzed. The difference between the two final average scores was 2.9, which was attributed to the fact that the multivariate evaluation means paying more attention to the core literacy of students’ health. The standard deviation of the statistical results is 2.3, and the skewness, kurtosis, and S-W test values meet the statistical requirements and satisfy the normal distribution, which is thorough and scientific and can encourage academic institutions to pay more focus on how they teach and students’ fundamental physical literacy. These institutions can enhance their instruction by implementing the evaluation system established in this paper, which will improve the quality of instruction and learning in higher education sports.

All-suture fixation of syndesmotic injuries: a case series.

To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients treated for syndesmotic injuries with an all-suture construct technique and compare their patient reported outcome scores with historically published outcomes of syndesmotic injuries fixed with suspensory suture buttons. This was a retrospective case series of patients treated at a Level 1 Trauma Center from May 1, 2018, to June 30, 2022. Ten patients aged 18 and older with unstable syndesmotic injuries treated with all-suture repair. Patients were excluded if they were treated with trans-osseous screws, had previous failed syndesmotic fixation, or suspensory suture button fixation. Patient-reported outcomes including Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot scores, and complications were recorded. In the patients with 6weeks or more of radiographic follow-up (N = 9), there was no evidence of nonunion, loss of fixation, hardware complication, or whitling of the fibula by the suture. At final follow-up average VAS pain scores were 1.5 out of 10 (range 0-4; SD 1.2), AOFAS ankle and hindfoot scores averaged 89.6 out of 100 (range 86-100; SD 6.1). The pain subscale of the AOFAS score averaged 37.5 out of 40 (range 35-40; SD 2.5). The functional subscale of the AOFAS score averaged 46 out of 50 (range 44-50; SD 3.0). Stiffness was reported in one patient at their follow-up visits, which resolved with continued physical therapy. There were no superficial or deep infections. In conclusion, this case series presents the first clinical outcomes of an all-suture fixation technique for treatment of unstable syndesmotic ankle injuries. Our results suggest that the all-suture fixation technique results in similar patient reported outcomes when compared with historically reported patient reported outcomes of suspensory suture button fixation, and low rates of complication or hardware failure.