Average Visit Duration Research Articles

Effectiveness of Home Health Care Services in the Qassim Region

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of home healthcare services provided by both governmental and private sectors in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia, during 2021. A survey was conducted involving 210 participants, comprising 2,304 patients from 20 governmental home health care (HHC) sections in hospitals and 199 patients from one private home health care section in private hospitals in the Qassim Region. The majority of respondents were married Saudi men who preferred home visits and faced literacy challenges. Home health care (HHC) was found to be a viable and cost-effective alternative to hospital care, with an average visit duration of approximately 65 minutes and costs amounting to about $400.5 for the private sector and $1,622.694 for the government sector per patient monthly. Despite higher perceived costs, home healthcare remained more economical than hospital-based care. Noteworthy is the continued cost difference between governmental and private sectors on a per-patient monthly basis, indicating potential non-financial factors influencing service delivery. Participants rated HHC services as effective, particularly in assisting with transitions and identifying nutritional deficiencies, although patient deterioration and re-admission received lower ratings. In conclusion, home healthcare services in the Qassim Region were effective across both sectors, highlighting HHC as a cost-effective alternative despite variations in costs between governmental and private providers. It is essential to note the exclusion of home health care coverage from the Council of Cooperative Health Insurance (CCHI) policy. Keywords: Home health care, Care systems, Quality, Costs

Complementarity between urban land uses: a temporal analysis

ABSTRACT Despite great interest in land use mix and the set of benefits that it supposedly provides, there still is a gap in the understanding of how land uses interact to promote urban vitality. This article examines land use from a temporal perspective, analysing both the frequency of visits throughout the day and the average duration of visits. The results show that even land uses in the same conventional functional category have different daily visitation patterns. Furthermore, the temporal combination and complementarity of some land uses seemed to directly influence the intensity and distribution of urban life.

Gaze and avoidant patterns of visual attention to aversive stimuli during fear habituation trial: A pilot eye tracking study

Previous studies have revealed that attentional bias toward aversive stimuli may play a causal role in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. This pilot study designed an experiment, using eye tracking, to capture gaze patterns individuals may display during a fear habituation trial. Three trials were conducted with twenty-eight subjects who reported aversion to insects. Pictures of cockroaches were used as aversive stimuli. The time proportion of the total visit duration and average visit duration toward aversive stimuli were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA, with three habituation trials and four self-report on fear level scores as within-participants factors. Across trials, the time proportion of total visit duration was relatively low when fear levels were high, and increased when fear levels decreased. Across trials, the average visit duration was short when fear levels were relatively high, and the average visit duration became relatively long as fear levels decreased. The results indicated that higher fear levels during exposure are likely to lead to attentional avoidance which might be a strategic effortful coping process (Eysenck, et al. 2007). This study is an crucial first step toward understanding the gaze patterns that fearful individuals may display during exposure trials. Using eye tracking technology, we objectively identified these gaze patterns and opened avenues to enhance the efficacy of exposure-based interventions tailored to address phobias.

:SEO & SEMالتسويق عبر محركات البحث أهميتها وفوائدها وطريقة عملها واستراتيجياتها ومدى موافقتها مع الشريعة الإسلامية THE MARKETING THROUGH SEARCH ENGINES SEO&SEM: IMPORTANCE, BENEFITS, METHOD OF WORK AND STRATEGIES

Search engine marketing is one of the latest means of e-marketing in the modern era, as it is known by the term (SEO) Search Engine Optimization, one of the completely new ways that marketers use through the use of modern digital tools in order to reach customers, and the main goal of it is to facilitate the link between marketing companies and users When anyone searches through search engines, the link, video, or marketing images appear to them at the top of the search results, which helps them to decide to enter and possibly buy, and therefore the better your pages appear in the search results, the more likely it is to attract attention and attract potential and existing customers to your business. As reports indicate that in 2019, more than $55 billion was spent on search engine marketing, and studies and projections indicate that spending could exceed $86 billion by 2023, which is a huge number and a very strong indicator of the importance of e-marketing for small businesses. The current study follows the descriptive approach by explaining and describing methods, programs, and most important marketing strategies through search engines, where the importance of the research lies in presenting scientific material that highlights the importance of modern marketing methods to enhance the performance of institutions, develop their work, and explain their legal ruling. One of the most important theoretical results of the study is that search engine optimization (SEO) has significant positive results by influencing the number of user visits to small and medium-sized companies' websites, increasing the average duration of user visits, as well as the company's overall sales and revenues generated.

The evolving landscape of chemotherapy for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer from 2006-2019: Results of a retrospective cohort study.

6600 Background: Chemotherapy has been a part of the evolving landscape of treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer (EBC). Over the last 20 years, standard treatment has included over 20 different drug combinations recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), with nearly 45 variations on dosing and schedule across drug combinations. Little is known about the real-world landscape of chemotherapy used in EBC and how treatment patterns have changed with the advent of new standards of care. We evaluated chemotherapy patterns for women with EBC in the Optimal Breast Cancer Dosing (OBCD) Study, which uses electronic health record (EHR) data from KPNC (Kaiser Permanente Northern California) and Kaiser Permanente Washington (KPWA). Methods: In a cohort of 34,322 women diagnosed and treated for primary stage I-IIIA breast cancer aged 18+ at KPNC and KPWA, we explored patterns of chemotherapy use over time, from 2006 to 2019. We conducted stratified analyses based on receipt of pertuzumab and/or trastuzumab, due to their longer treatment duration. Results: Overall, 13,383 (39.0%) women received intravenous chemotherapy, with a decline observed in receipt of chemotherapy over time (40.5% in 2006 vs 35.9% in 2019) (p-trend<0.001). Of the women who received chemotherapy, 8.5% received neoadjuvant treatment, increasing from 4.1% in 2006 to 14.5% in 2019 (p-trend<0.0001). The average duration of chemotherapy was 5.4 months in 2006, increasing to 6.3 months in 2019 (p-trend<0.0001), and the number of chemotherapy infusion visits increased from an average of 10.7 visits in 2006 to an average of 12.5 in 2019 (p-trend<0.0001). Of those who received chemotherapy, 26.8% received trastuzumab or pertuzumab, with receipt of trastuzumab/pertuzumab increasing over time (p-trend<0.0001). For those receiving trastuzumab/pertuzumab, there was a decrease in treatment duration and average number of chemotherapy administration visits (p-trend<0.0001 for both). Conversely, for those not receiving trastuzumab/pertuzumab, there was an increase in the treatment duration and average number of visits (p-trend<0.0001 for both). Conclusions: While the prevalence of women receiving chemotherapy in our cohort has decreased since 2006, there has been a marked increase in neoadjuvant chemotherapy among those women receiving chemotherapy, as well as an increase in both the duration of chemotherapy treatment and number of associated chemotherapy administration visits, a pattern specifically observed in non-trastuzumab/pertuzumab containing regimens.The change in average duration and number of visits represents a shift in treatment patterns for patients and providers. Understanding trends in breast cancer chemotherapy is useful to inform clinical care and administrative planning for sites delivering chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer.

Utilizing Eye Tracking to Assess Medical Student Non-Technical Performance During Scenario-Based Simulation: Results of a Pilot Study.

Non-technical skills (NTS) are essential for safe surgical patient management. However, assessing NTS involves observer-based ratings, which can introduce bias. Eye tracking (ET) has been proposed as an effective method to capture NTS. The purpose of the current study was to determine if ET metrics are associated with NTS performance. Participants wore a mobile ET system and participated in two patient care simulations, where they managed a deteriorating patient. The scenarios featured several challenges to leadership, which were evaluated using a 4-point Likert scale. NTS were evaluated by trained raters using the Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS) scale. ET metrics included percentage of fixations and visits on areas of interest. Ten medical students participated. Average visit duration on the patient was negatively correlated with participants' communication and leadership. Average visit duration on the patient's intravenous access was negatively correlated with participants' decision making and situation awareness. Our preliminary data suggests that visual attention on the patient was negatively associated with NTS and may indicate poor comprehension of the patient's status due to heightened cognitive load. In future work, researchers and educators should consider using ET to objectively evaluate and provide feedback on their NTS.

How realistic is the gaze behaviour in a cycling simulator? A comparative study between lab and field.

The needs of cyclists are becoming increasingly important in transportation planning. More and more bicycle simulators are being developed to study traffic behaviour and to test infrastructure measures in a cost-effective and safe way. However, in order to be able to transfer results from the simulation to reality, it must be ensured that the simulator reproduces a realistic traffic behaviour. Therefore, we conducted a study in which we compared the gaze behaviour within a simulator with a curved screen to the gaze behaviour in the field. Our results show that the gaze behaviour differs: in the simulator the gaze distribution is rather horizontal while in the field study it is vertical. In addition, more fixations respectively visits are performed in the field study. For most regions the average visit duration is significantly shorter in the field study. Therefore, the gaze behaviour was more active in the field study than in the simulation.

Identifying Tourist Spatial and Temporal Patterns Using GPS and Sequence Alignment Method

This study identified the spatial and temporal patterns of national park visitors by combining global positioning system (GPS) technologies and surveys using the sequence alignment method (SAM) based on the concept of space–time path of time geography. Data were collected from a sample of 344 GPS tracks and questionnaires obtained from Gyeryongsan National Park in South Korea. A complex random stratified sampling method was employed to represent a national sample based on mobile positioning data. The result of the SAM analysis revealed that the derived visitor typologies constituted three groups from 83 unique paths extracted from 341 sequences. Significant intergroup differences were found for the paths based on average travel distance, average visit duration, and average travel speed. The main theoretical contribution of this study is in expanding the application of the theory by providing methodological improvements using SAM and GPS analysis of the theoretical basis of time geography.

Factors Associated with Work Efficiency in Home Health Care by Pharmacists.

In recent years, medical staff including physicians and nurses have been participating in home health care, reflecting the needs of an aging society in Japan. Pharmacists are also asked to work on home health care teams to ensure the medical safety of patients. It currently remains unclear whether direct communication, i.e. a meeting, between home-visiting physicians and pharmacists contributes to the proper use of medications and continuous medical care. We retrospectively analyzed the medication management guidance records of home-visited patients who received their first home visit between April 2014 and March 2017. We collected data on pharmacist inquiries, the duration of visits, and details from a meeting between home-visiting physicians and pharmacists. Thirty-five patients were included. At the first visit, the inquiry rate by pharmacists was 65.7%. The prescription question rate was significantly lower in patients with a meeting than in those without (p=0.033). The average duration of visits was significantly shorter for home-visited patients whose health care providers had a meeting (p=0.007). These results suggest that pharmacists who held a meeting with the home-visiting physician before the first patient visit were able to resolve drug-related issues earlier, which increased the work efficiency of home-visiting pharmacists.

Alone but not always lonely: Social cues alleviate isolation induced behavioural stress in wild zebrafish

Social isolation has been routinely used for experimental studies on many animal model systems. Additionally, considering the recent increase in the prevalence of isolation in the human population, it has become even more imperative to understand social isolation and measures that might alleviate its effects. Using wild-caught zebrafish, our study aims to elucidate the effect of social cues on reducing behavioural stress caused due to acute social isolation in a socially aggregating species. Fish were kept in groups or individually, with either visual and olfactory cues, only visual cues or no social cues, and tested for behavioural stress every alternate day in a commonly used open tank test. Experimental observations measured a range of behavioural indicators of stress such as geotaxis (ratio of time spent in top half of the tank to time spent in the bottom half of the tank), thigmotaxis (average duration of visit to wall of tanks), activity (homogeneity and extent) and freezing (average duration of freezing bout) among individuals that were kept in differing levels of social isolation. We found that the presence of both visual and olfactory cues from conspecifics significantly decreased stress in individuals as compared to only visual cues being present. Fish that were completely isolated showed significant increase in stress levels, as indicated by all observed indicators of behavioural stress. Over trials, except for completely isolated individuals, fish showed an eventual decrease in stress levels, indicating acclimatisation. Males and females showed differences in behavioural stress, with females exhibiting a lower baseline stress level, as well as less response to isolation. Our findings not only demonstrate the importance of social cues in managing stress when social isolation is unavoidable, but also add to the knowledge about behavioural stress response measures in zebrafish, which is an important vertebrate model used to extrapolate information about stress and anxiety in humans as well.

Parents' Experience With a Mobile Health Intervention to Influence Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Decision Making: Mixed Methods Study.

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-attributed cancers are preventable, yet HPV vaccination rates severely lag behind other adolescent vaccinations. HPVcancerFree (HPVCF) is a mobile health (mHealth) intervention developed to influence parental HPV vaccination decision making by raising awareness of HPV, reducing HPV vaccination barriers, and enabling HPV vaccination scheduling and reminders through a smartphone app. Evaluating the user experience of mHealth interventions is a vital component in assessing their quality and success but tends to be underreported in mHealth intervention evaluation.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the user experience of HPVCF, an HPV cancer prevention app designed for a pediatric clinic network, using mixed methods data collected from log files, survey measures, and qualitative feedback.MethodsStudy data were evaluated from parents in a large US pediatric clinic network using HPVCF in the treatment study condition of a group randomized controlled trial. Log data captured HPVCF retention and use. Postintervention rating scales and items assessed HPVCF utility, usefulness, understandability, appeal, credibility, and perceived impact. Overall quality was evaluated using the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMars). Open-ended responses assessed parent recommendations for HPVCF enhancement.ResultsThe 98 parents were mainly female (n=94, 96%), 41 (5.67) years of age, college educated (n=55, 56%), and White and non-Hispanic (n=55, 56%) and had private health insurance for their children (n=75, 77%). Parents used HPVCF 197 times, with the average visit duration approximating 3.5 minutes. The uMARS app quality score was positively skewed (4.2/5.0). Mean ratings were highest for information (4.46 [SD 0.53]) and lowest for engagement (3.74 [SD 0.69]). In addition, of 95 parents, 45 (47%) rated HPVCF as helpful in HPV vaccination decision making and 16 (17%) attributed HPV vaccine initiation to HPVCF. Parents reported that HPVCF increased their awareness (84/95, 88%), knowledge (84/95, 88%), and HPV vaccination intentions (64/95, 67%). Most of the 98 parents rated the 4 HPVCF components as useful (72-92 [73%-94%]). Parents also agreed that HPVCF is clear (86/95, 91%), accurate (86/95, 91%), and more helpful than other HPV vaccine information they had received (89/95, 94%) and that they would recommend it to others (81/95, 85%). In addition, parents suggested ways to increase awareness and engagement with the app, along with opportunities to enhance the content and functionality.ConclusionsHPVCF was well received by parents and performed well on indicators of quality, usefulness, utility, credibility, and perceived impact. This study contributes a multimethod and multimeasure evaluation to the growing body of literature focused on assessing the user experience of patient-focused technology-mediated applications for HPV education.

Continuity of diabetes care among elderly Japanese patients: a medical record review study in a specialized diabetes clinic.

Continuity of diabetes care is relevant among elderly patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of clinical characteristics on continuing outpatient visits to a specialized diabetes clinic in elderly Japanese patients with diabetes. We included outpatients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 65years who first visited our clinic from 2006 to 2009. The information of patients' characteristics was obtained through medical record review from the CoDiC database. We have tracked whether the patients continued to visit the clinic until May 31, 2019. A Cox proportional hazards regression model identified variables related to withdrawal. Among 128 patients, 63 patients (49.2%) were withdrawn during the follow-up periods. The average visit duration of withdrawals was 4.6 (range 1, 10) years. The patients who discontinued to visit were older (72.6 vs. 69.5years old, p = 0.005) compared with those who continued to visit. No significant differences in clinical conditions such as complication of diabetes, Charlson Comorbidity Index and polypharmacy between the first and last visit were observed in each group. Age (≥ 75years) was significantly associated with withdrawal (hazard ratio 2.72 [95% confidence interval 1.59, 4.63], p < 0.001). Except for age, no significant differences were observed in all variables when adjusted for confounders. Our findings indicated that continuous outpatient visits were difficult in elderly Japanese patients with diabetes. Older age (≥ 75years) independently affected withdrawal. Future multicenter studies with adequate populations and social and geriatric factors are necessary to confirm our findings.

Feasibility of using simulated patients for onsite structured practice feedback in Jordanian community pharmacy settings

Simulated patient (SP) visits followed with structured feedback is useful to outline training needs as well as preference for continuing professional education in community pharmacy settings. This study aimed to investigate community pharmacists' management of an over-the-counter (OTC) product request and feasibility of immediate SP feedback in Jordan. Four trained SP visited a sample of pharmacies in three main urban cities in Jordan requesting an antacid. Information request and professional behavior as well as content of information were evaluated. The SP provided structured immediate feedback. The pharmacy staff views on the visit and usefulness of the feedback were collected. A total of 57 visits were conducted. The average duration of SP visits was 1.55 min. The average score (±SD) for information seeking behavior was 16% (±7) and for professional behavior was 56% (±15). The average score for information provision provided spontaneously was 17.1% (±12). Upon demand by the SP; the average score for information improved to 47.6 (±18). Non-pharmacological advice was not offered often; only 6 (10.5%) visits. Written information was provided in 10 (17.5%) visits. Immediate feedback was accepted by all visited pharmacies. Participants expressed positive views about the SP visit and usefulness of the feedback. Community pharmacists supplied OTC drug without carful screening of symptoms and essential information. The SP approach with immediate feedback was shown feasible and well accepted. Further potential for use of SP with feedback formally in practice and professional development should be explored in future studies.

Eye-tracking based quantification of the safety of human-machine interfaces of complementary protective system functions

Complementary protective measures are of increasing importance with rising degree of automation. As free robots become part of our daily life in industry, on shop floors and beyond, the overall safety of persons has to be ensured. However, assessing the reliability of complementary safety functions remains a challenge, particularly when humans are in the loop. The paper shows how to use the eye-tracking methodology to gain data for assessing the reliability of the human interaction with machine interfaces for complementary protective measures. The paper first identifies factors relevant for eye-tracking, then selects related eye tracking test parameters and finally provides a systematic procedure to assess both, in particular regarding visibility and susceptibility. The methodology is applied and the parameter selection is validated. It is found that in particular the identified and measured parameters fixation count for area of interest (AOI) and the associated average visit duration can be used to assess the factor perceptibility. The parameter deviation of fixation can thereby be used to assess usability. Based on this, a full-scale eye-tracking assessment is proposed for the reliability of the interaction of humans with the machine interfaces of supplementary protective measures. In summary, the preliminary test run execution shows that eye-tracking technology is a promising method for measuring and quantifying the human reliability when interacting with safety-related human-machine interfaces.

The processing of native advertising compared to banner advertising: an eye-tracking experiment

This paper aims to better understand the effect of visual attention on the processing of banner and native advertisements on Facebook and consequently on brand recognition and brand attitude. Using an eye-tracking experiment (N = 90), we show that a native advertisement attracts more and longer visual attention (i.e., total fixation duration, fixation count, and average visit duration) compared to a banner advertisement. Moreover, we show that longer visual attention (i.e., total fixation duration and average visit duration) increases persuasion knowledge and the recognition of an advertisement, which in turn leads to better brand recognition. Second, we show that neither conceptual persuasion knowledge nor critical processing mediates the effect of visual attention on brand attitude.

SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE PATIENT VISIT DURATION IN A RETINA PRACTICE.

To reduce the total clinic visit duration among retina providers in an academic ophthalmology department. All patient encounters across all providers in the department were analyzed to determine baseline clinic visit duration time, defined as the elapsed time between appointment time and checkout. To increase photography capacity, a major bottleneck identified through root cause analysis, four interventions were implemented: training ophthalmic technicians to perform fundus photography in addition to optical coherence tomographies, relocating photography equipment to be adjacent to examination rooms, procuring three additional Optos widefield retinal photography units, and shifting staff schedules to better align with that of the providers. These interventions were implemented in the clinics of two retina providers. The average baseline visit duration for all patients across all providers was 87 minutes (19,550 patient visits). The previous average visit duration was 80 minutes for Provider 1 (557 patient visits) and 81 minutes for Provider 2 (1,246 patient visits). In the 4 weeks after interventions were implemented, the average visit duration decreased to 60 minutes for Provider 1 and 57 minutes for Provider 2. A systematic approach and a multidisciplinary team resulted in targeted, cost-effective interventions that reduced total visit durations.

Reopening businesses and risk of COVID-19 transmission

The true risk of a COVID-19 resurgence as states reopen businesses is unknown. In this paper, we used anonymized cell-phone data to quantify the potential risk of COVID-19 transmission in business establishments by building a Business Risk Index that measures transmission risk over time. The index was built using two metrics, visits per square foot and the average duration of visits, to account for both density of visits and length of time visitors linger in the business. We analyzed trends in traffic patterns to 1,272,260 businesses across eight states from January 2020 to June 2020. We found that potentially risky traffic behaviors at businesses decreased by 30% by April. Since the end of April, the risk index has been increasing as states reopen. There are some notable differences in trends across states and industries. Finally, we showed that the time series of the average Business Risk Index is useful for forecasting future COVID-19 cases at the county-level (P < 0.001). We found that an increase in a county’s average Business Risk Index is associated with an increase in positive COVID-19 cases in 1 week (IRR: 1.16, 95% CI: (1.1–1.26)). Our risk index provides a way for policymakers and hospital decision-makers to monitor the potential risk of COVID-19 transmission from businesses based on the frequency and density of visits to businesses. This can serve as an important metric as states monitor and evaluate their reopening strategies.

Outpatient Clinic Practice of Hospice and Palliative Care in Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Objective To share the outpatient clinic practice of hospice and palliative care at the Department of Geriatrics,Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis on the consecutive clinic data of doctor N in Geriatric Outpatient Clinic,Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1,2016 to December 31,2019.The patients aged 85 years and older,as well as those with end stage malignant tumor,non-tumor dysfunction due to chronic diseases or primary diseases without effective treatment were defined as patients with palliative care need.The basic information,symptoms,consultation purposes and treatments of these patients were collected.Results Among the 2502 visits during the study period,1388 patients with palliative care needs were admitted and recorded,with an average age of(69.7±13.5)years(8-105 years),among which 73.3% were patients over 60 years old and 712(51.3%)were males.Among these patients,63.4% visited specifically to seek for palliative care service and 87.2% of the visits were due to distress caused by advanced malignant tumors.Of the 221 patients with non-tumor diseases,frailty and neurodegenerative diseases were the leading life-threating cause.Of the 5483 symptoms recorded,pain(21.2%),anorexia(13.1%),fatigue(11.6%),constipation(6.9%),insomnia(4.6%),and abdominal distension(4.6%)were the six common symptoms.In the 2502 visits,26.2% of the patients had mutiple visits,and 50.3% of the patients with multiple visits had more than three visits;38.6% of patients visited the clinic themselves,and 65.7% of visits were attended by two or more family members(including the patients).The average duration of visit was(19.6±8.5)min(2-85 min),and 13.5%,53.0%,25.6% and 7.9% of the patients completed the consultation within 10,11-20,21-30 and over 30 min,respectively.Conclusion There is strong demand of palliative care in the outpatient clinic of Department of Geriatrics in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and it is feasible to provide palliative care service for patients with serious diseases in geriatric outpatient clinics.

Stress Reduction in Law Enforcement Officers and Staff through a Canine-Assisted Intervention

Abstract Law enforcement officers and staff are known to experience elevated workplace stress, largely due to their increased exposure to traumatic incidents. This results in individuals experiencing trauma themselves and resultant compromised physical and mental health. Law enforcement officers are also known to be reluctant help-seekers and to increase participation in programs to promote employee well-being, initiatives are increasingly integrated into the day-to-day work routine of employees. An intervention showing promise with health care providers and college students but not yet used with law enforcement officers and staff has been to provide individuals access to therapy dogs to reduce stress. Seven therapy dogs along with their handlers were brought to an urban police precinct for 90-minutes each week for 8 weeks. A total of 251 visits (56% staff, 43% officers, &lt; 1% unidentified) to the dog station were made with the average duration of visits being 11 minutes. A visual analogue scale was used to assess participants pre-to-post differences in stress and a paired Wilcoxon signed-ranked test indicated a significant effect of the intervention with mean stress decreasing from pre-to-post visit. Findings are discussed within the context of canine-assisted intervention and law enforcement well-being.

Abstract PO-112: Survey on purview, composition and logistical issues concerning provision of home care services among providers affiliated to a non-governmental organization

Abstract Background This survey, which was conceptualized and completed during a month long posting with an NGO specializing in provision of "specialist home care", was born out of a felt need to understand the structure and nature of medical care being provided, under the aforementioned umbrella designation. Methods A questionnaire was administered to doctors, nurses, social workers and volunteers during the monthly audit. Results 43/45 considered Home care services to be a part of generalist palliative care. All respondents agreed that dispensing essential drugs was an integral component of home care. 31/45 agreed upon the need to obtain a local physician liaison in the management of important medical issues. 32/45 expressed agreement that Pediatric palliative care required specialist input. 43/45 agreed on the need to carry a stethoscope, sphygmomanometer and pulse oximeter at the time of each visit. 43/45 agreed that subcutaneous injection and therapeutic paracentesis can be performed safely at home. 42/45 agreed that prescription stamped by a registered medical practitioner should be provided to all patients prescribed essential narcotic drugs. 34/45 preferred the presence of a doctor during the visit. 37/45 agreed that the presence of a doctor was essential towards ensuring effectiveness of the services provided. 25/45 agreed that measurement of vitals is an important component of a home care visit. 36/44 agreed that the average duration of a home care visit should be 30-45 minutes. 9/44 respondents agreed that the maximum time spent at the patient's place should be 15 minutes. 21/45 agreed with the statement that Travel can constitute upto 50 percent of the time during a single day. 20/43 agreed that Travel should not constitute more than 25 percent of the total time allotted for a particular day. 12/45 agreed that the frequency of visits should be kept at a maximum of two times per month. Conclusions Guidelines, governing home care are need to address the dual issues of maximum time that can be spent during travel and the limit of time permissible at a patients home. There should be a clear directive on the frequency of visits, in order to provide a more professional slant to these services. Citation Format: Rahul D. Arora. Survey on purview, composition and logistical issues concerning provision of home care services among providers affiliated to a non-governmental organization [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-112.