Availability Of Green Open Space Research Articles

GIS Application For Mapping and Analyzing Urban Green Open Spaces (Case Study of Sragen City)

Abstract Green open space in cities is one of the environmental controls. In residential spatial planning, green open space is very necessary in the form of green belts and passive or active parks. Sustainable development must be supported by adequate residential green space, which must fulfill the function of absorbing CO2, increasing the volume of groundwater and being useful as a flood controller. The availability of green open space for the community can increase the aesthetic value of a city’s environmental area and can function as an economic value [9]. This research aims to determine the extent of green open space in Sragen City. From this research, we can analyze the development and need for green open space in Sragen City to study and develop a green city and a balanced environment. This research is aimed at understanding the area of green open space in Sragen City. From this research, we can analyze the development and need for green open space in Sragen City to study and develop a green city and a balanced environment. Sufficiency of green open spaces Needs Based on Area and City Area Sragen City’s green open spaces do not meet the minimum requirement of 30%. Of the green open space, the city forest managed by environmental services is included in it with an area of 2,500 m2. However, Sragen City’s green open space looks large because it includes moorlands, residential forests, state forests, and ponds. Meanwhile, 130.17 Ha is land managed by the Sragen City Regency Government. This research uses primary and secondary methods. To obtain a map of the green open space area of the research area, Quickbird image analysis is required. From the results of the research, it was concluded that the management and efforts to provide sufficient green open space were adequate, but in terms of area, the proportion of green open space that was determined was still not sufficient. There are seven types of green open space in Sragen City, namely in the form of urban forest green open space, green lane green open space for roads, pedestrian, open space, river border green open space, cemetery green open space, private and community property building green open space, as well as plantation and resident’s yard green open space.

Evaluasi Kesesuaian RTH terhadap RTRW Kota Pariaman

This research is related to assessing the reasonableness of the area of green open space (RTH) towards the development strategy of Pariaman City as stated in the Regional Regulation (Perda) of the Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) of Pariaman City for 2010-2030, namely 30% and aims to, 1) Find out distribution and extent of availability of green open space (RTH) in Pariaman City. 2) Knowing the suitability between green open space (RTH) and Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW). This research is a quantitative exploration using spatial methodology. Using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) identification method, the analysis used focuses on the distribution of green vegetation throughout Pariaman City. The vegetation distribution obtained was overlaid with shapefile data (SHP) obtained from the digitization of the Regional Regulations (Perda) of the Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) of Pariaman City for 2010-2030, so that the area, distribution and suitability are known. The results of identifying 3946.09 Ha of green open space (RTH) from 4118.76 Ha which were planned in detail, namely; City Park RTH, planned area 3214.16 Ha and area in the field 3087.12 Ha, City Forest RTH, planned area 174.8 Ha and area in the field 174.23 Ha, Cemetery Open Space, planned area 4.72 Ha and area in field 4.67 Ha, RTH Road Route, planned area 504.14 Ha and area in the field 472.53 Ha and RTH Tourism Area, planned area 220.94 Ha and area in the field 207.54 Ha. The percentage of Pariaman City's green open space to the area is 59.57% and has fulfilled the provisions of the RTRW Regional Regulation, namely a minimum green open space of 30%.

Management of Green Open Spaces in the Malang City Region, Indonesia

Based on Malang City Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2011 concerning Regional Spatial Planning in Malang City, regulations have been regulated regarding the existence, management, and availability of green open space in Malang City as an ecological balance in the Malang City area. However, this policy has only partially influenced green open space development, especially city parks. So currently, the Malang City government is managing and revitalizing several green open spaces (RTH) areas and city parks; even though they need to be improved, such funding problems hamper them. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research location was carried out at the Malang City Environmental Service. The data sources are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. For data analysis techniques in this research, we use techniques from Miles and Huberman, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and data verification. The research results explain that budget problems have resulted in managing green open spaces limited to maintenance activities. This can be seen from indicators in policy implementation, which include the communication factor, namely the clarity of policy orders from the city government to the implementing organization, even though there has been no form of socialization to the public. The next factor is resources in the form of limited regional income and expenditure budgets, limiting the management of green open spaces. The third factor is good cooperation and coordination between related areas and regional apparatus organizations from within and outside the organization, such as the private sector or corporate social responsibility (CSR).Fourth, the bureaucratic structure, namely the organizational structure, the appropriate division of tasks and functions, and standard operational procedures have been implemented in green open space for the environmental service.

The Impact of Changes in Land Use on Green Open Space and Comfort Index in Semarang City, Indonesia

Semarang City is one of the cities with the most dense population in Indonesia. The increase in the population of Semarang City causes land conversion which has an impact on increasing heat and can cause environmental problems. The results of the random classification of forests for land use in 2013-2022 are dominated by the built-up land class. Use of built-up land continues to increase from 2013-2022 by 8.84% or an area of 3410 ha. This causes a reduction in green open space by 7.59% or an area of 2928.49 Ha and is still sufficient by 30%. In the predicted use of land in 2032, the dominance of the built-up land class is 61% (23,575 ha). The availability of green open space (RTH) in Semarang City continues to decline from 2013-2032 by 9%. Where in 2032 the availability of green open space will be 29.62% or less than 30%. The relationship between green open space and comfort levels influences each other, where a reduction in green open space causes an increase in comfort levels. Directions need to be made for developing green open spaces consisting of priority 1 areas, namely adding green open spaces in each sub-district, maintaining existing green open spaces, and creating roof gardens and vertical gardens to reduce temperatures in densely populated areas. Meanwhile, priority area 2 is maintaining existing green open space in the form of urban forests and plantation areas.

Analysis of The Need for Green Open Space (RTH) as an Absorptor of Carbondioxide Gas Emissions in The Semarang-Yogyakarta National Road Corridor, Bergas District, Semarang Regency

Semarang Regency is one of the areas in Central Java Province which has a variety of complex environmental problems, one of which is increasing carbon dioxide gas (CO2) emissions and the limited availability of green open space, especially in the Bergas District area. The increase in CO2 gas emissions is due to the increasing trend of the population in Bergas District and this is directly proportional to the increasing number of ownership of motorized vehicle transportation. This study aims to examine the need for Green Open Space based on the ability of vegetation to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) on the Semarang-Yogyakarta National Corridor Road, Bergas District, Semarang Regency, Central Java Province. Data collection in this study was carried out by traffic counting to calculate CO2 emissions and field observations to calculate the absorption capacity of CO2 emissions by vegetation. The results of this study indicate that the emissions produced by vehicles passing through the Semarang - Yogyakarta National Road corridor in Bawen District are 4,108,137.18 gr/hour, and emissions that can be absorbed by vegetation are only 642,846.47 gr/hour. So that the remaining emissions that have not been absorbed are 3,465,290.71 gr/hour. In order to optimally absorb the remaining emissions, at least 370 Swietenia mahagoni, 436 Pterocarpus indicus, 358 Samanea saman and 432 Bauhinia purpurea are needed.

The utilization of orthophoto multitemporal to detect spatial change of Green Open Space at the green campus (Research Location: University Of Lampung)

Lampung University is one of the Indonesian universities that is committed to achieving sustainable green campus environmental management. The University of Lampung was ranked 15th in the UI Green Metric award in 2021. On the other side, infrastructure building to support the education tri-dharma process is still ongoing. Development impact will decrease green open space (GOS). The UAV has several advantages such as simple operation, high accuracy, and efficiency. The objective of this research is to evaluate the availability and changes of green open space at Lampung University from 2019 to 2022. Multitemporal data of orthophoto 2019 and 2022 were used. The method in this research used visual interpretation, classification, and overlay to get information about green open space areas and changes. Research results showed that the availability of green open space at the University of Lampung in 2019 was 32.45 hectares (39.82%), and in 2022 it was 29.33 hectares (35.99%). The change of green open space at the university campus from 2019 to 2022 decreased by 3.12 Ha.

ADEQUACY AND SUITABILITY OF GREEN OPEN SPACE IN MEDAN KOTA DISTRICT

ADEQUACY AND SUITABILITY OF GREEN OPEN SPACE IN MEDAN KOTA DISTRICT

Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Dan Serapan Karbon Di Taman Maluku Kota Bandung

The availability of green open space (RTH) in urban areas is very important to mitigate the effects of global warming, especially in reducing CO2 gas levels as a result of human activities. Vegetation with chlorophyll, namely the trees in green open spaces try to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) using sunlight, water and soil from the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis. One form of stored photosynthetic results is biomass which makes this vegetation grow bigger and taller . In the carbon cycle and biogeochemical cycle the biomass of green open space vegetation plays an important role, all parts starting from the stems, leaves and roots store biomass. This study aims to determine the estimation of carbon stocks and absorption in Taman Maluku, Bandung City. The method used in this study is a non-destructive method (without harvesting). The research was conducted by collecting tree data and the wet weight of the understorey, then calculating the biomass to obtain estimates of carbon stocks and carbon absorption. From the research it was found that the Maluku Park in Bandung City with an area of 23,633 m2 has carbon reserves of around 179.941 tons from trees and 3.11 tons from undergrowth. Meanwhile, the estimated carbon uptake is 731,422 tonnes by trees and 11,409 tonnes by undergrowth. The high carbon stock can be influenced by several factors including: vegetation density, environment, especially sunlight, volume, specific gravity, wood constituents, water content, and silvicultural measures.

Study of settlements carrying capacity in Jebres Subdistrict, Surakarta with das sein – das sollen approach

The calculation of the carrying capacity of urban settlements is intended to determine the availability and status of environmental aspects that are utilized by the community. This study aims to examine the availability of environmental support aspects in Jebres District, Surakarta City through the das sein and das sollen approaches. The results of this study indicate that the availability of settlements and supporting aspects in the Jebres District are still able to support the demand for housing in 2018 and projections until 2055. Analysis through the expectation approach (das sein) for 100% decent settlements and the quality of the supporting aspects capable has not been fully realized concretely (das sollen). The availability of green open space (RTH) in Jebres District also does not meet the standards set by the government (30%) where the total area of ​​green open space in Jebres District is 23% of the total. The results of this study are related to the 3rd, 4th and 11th environmental principles. Keywords: carrying capacity, das sein-das sollen, environmental principles, green open space, settlements.

Analysis of Green Open Space Needs in Bogor City

The availability of green open space (GOS) especially in urban areas, is very important considering the large benefits obtained from GOS. GOS is a land (area) overgrown with green plants and plays an important role in maintaining natural ecosystem balance in urban areas. The area used as GOS can be a park, field, or green path on the side or in the middle of the road. This study aims to determine acreage of GOS changes and its adequacy based on population and area in Bogor City. The scope of this study is the South, Central and East Bogor Districts. The analysis technique used is spatial analysis using ArcGIS 10.3 software. The results showed that in 2009 the GOS in South, Central and East Bogor Districts was 1982,23 Ha and 1197,49 Ha in 2021 or it was a decline at about 784,74 Ha during the period. Based on population number in 2021 South, Central and East Bogor Districts needs GOS of 809,05 Ha.

Green Open Space Revitalization Using Citizen Science and Green Design Theory: A Case Study of Green Open Space in Bener Village, Yogyakarta

The revitalization of green open space is becoming an increasingly critical issue in cities with dense populations. The population density in big cities causes the growth of slums and insufficient public utilities, one of which is the availability of green open space. The availability of green open space is required to satisfy every need of citizens for public spaces with multifunctional uses as a highly needed public space in the middle of limited urban space. Green open space can be used by the public to enjoy fresh air, as a healthy recreation area, a gathering place for residents, and for a variety of other purposes. However, there are major obstacles facing green open space today, which are not well maintained, and this is thought to be due to the surrounding community's lack of literacy on the importance of green open space, minimal aspects of green open space functionality, and residents' carrying capacity for green open space maintenance. It is intended that by incorporating the community in the planning, management, and maintenance stages in a participatory manner, it would result in the long-term usage of green open space, benefiting both the community and the environment.

Utilization of Planetscope Imagery for Carbon Stock Estimation of Standing Green Open Space in Jebres Sub-District, Surakarta

The availability of green open space in urban areas is decreasing in line with the increase in population and land use change, which affects carbon stocks and CO2 levels in the air. The less green open space, the less carbon stock is stored. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of green open space with PlanetScope images and estimate the carbon stock of standing green open space in Jebres, Surakarta. The methods used were allometric equation and linear regression analysis. Sample plots in the field were determined by Stratified Random Sampling. Planetscope images could map green open space with an accuracy rate of 91.3% and an area of 2.0257 km2 consisting of green open space in grass, shrubs, and stands. The results of biomass estimation with NDVI vegetation index and biomass measurement in the field were 0.17563 to 1.93544 tons/pixel, resulting in an estimated carbon stock of 0.0000046 tons/pixel - 0.768 tons/pixel. The accuracy test in this study uses the Standard Error of Estimation (SEE) with a SEE value of 0.256367, a minimum error of 2.35%, and a maximum error of 3.95%, thus proving that Planetscope images can estimate green open space carbon stocks accurately.

Review Impact of the Spatial Development Patterns on Water Ecology of Cisadane Watershed

A Watershed is a land area that is an ecosystem unit with rivers and their tributaries that function to accommodate, store, and drain water that comes from rainfall to lakes or seas naturally, whose boundaries on land are topographical and separator boundary in the sea up to the watering area which is still affected by land activities. Characteristics and ecological conditions of the watershed environment are influenced by changes in spatial use patterns with reduced land cover in the watershed area will affect watershed conditions. Human intervention with various activities, especially economic, industrial and residential activities in the upstream to downstream watershed areas affects the water cycle (hydrological cycle) as well as the quality and quantity of the aquatic ecology of the watershed environment. Efforts to maintain the availability of green open space in the watershed area is one of the important things to be able to maintain and maintain water ecology in the Cisadane watershed in addition to various efforts to maintain the water quality of the watershed so that various unique aquatic biota can still be maintained and well maintained. The involvement of local governments, stakeholders, and the community is one of the most important things in preserving and maintaining the environmental conditions of watersheds.

Analisis ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Tangerang Selatan

The need for land for urban development has an impact on changes in land use and the availability of green open spaces in urban areas. The increase in population from outside the area to urban areas will make the land in urban areas narrower and trigger a reduction in green open space. This study aims to determine the level of availability of green open space in the city of South Tangerang. The approach used in this research is a quantitative descriptive approach, namely field observation and field check, the research object of all green open spaces in the city of South Tangerang and data analysis using a geographic application system (GIS). The results showed that the change in green open space during the period 2010 to 2020 in the city of South Tangerang was 1,847 ha. The area of ??green open space available in South Tangerang City in 2020 based on the area is 4,224 ha. The area requirement for green open space required in South Tangerang City based on the area is 4,945 ha. The city of South Tangerang is still experiencing a lack of green open space of 721 ha.

Bromo island development strategy as a green open space ecotourism area in banjarmasin city

The availability of green open space in Banjarmasin City were minimal and limited, which is 2.52% of the total area. Based on Law number 26 of 2007 be appointed that the percentage of a city’s public green open space is at least 20% of the total area. Banjarmasin City is currently experiencing a land use shifting of green land into built-up land which can damage the environment. Banjarmasin City is a city of a thousand rivers so that green open space and blue open space have a very strong role in tackling floods that often occur every year caused by high rainfall so that the water discharge increases, river area narrows and the lack of green open space to absorb excess water. Banjarmasin City Government are trying to meet the needs of green open space in one of the leading tourist destinations, namely Bromo Island. Bromo Island has a handling theme, namely Preserving the green open space area and developing ecotourism. This research aims to formulates the right strategy for the development of Bromo Island as a green open space ecotourism area in Banjarmasin City. To achieve this goals, an agreement was made on the development zoning criteria using the Delphi technique by conducting interviews with key respondents and then formulating a development strategy using the triangulation validation method. The results of this research is indicated that there are 3 development zones including the core zone, buffer zone and developer zone and also each zone has a different development strategy.

ANALYSIS OF THE NEED FOR GREEN OPEN SPACE BASED ON OXYGEN REQUIREMENT IN MEDAN CITY

Medan City is a Metropolitan City with a high population growth rate, in line with the growth rate of regional development. These problems spur the occurrence of land use change. The need for land for residential locations, transportation infrastructure facilities and others will impact the reduced availability of green open space as an oxygen producer in the city of Medan. This study aims to examine the distribution of green open space, estimate the need and adequacy of green open space, and develop directions for developing green open space. This research was conducted from January to completion, using the method of interpretation and analysis of spatial data from quick bird images taken from the SAS Planet application, and calculations were carried out using the Gerarchic formula to determine oxygen demand. The results showed that the area of green open space in Medan City was 86.27 km2 (33%), and non-vegetated/non-green open space was 178.83 km2 or equivalent to (67%) of the Medan City area of 265.10 km2. The oxygen plants produce in green open spaces is 4,367,418.75 kg/day. Meanwhile, the oxygen demand in Medan City is 5,150,425.98 kg/day, and when converted into green open space, it is 101.74 km2. Directions for the development of green open spaces can be carried out in several ways, namely managing green spaces, synergizing the natural and artificial environment, implementing a low-cost transportation system, empowering population policy strategies, utilizing water and energy resources, maintaining environmental health based on city planning that favours development principles sustainable.Keywords: Green open space, Oxygen, Quickbird Image, Medan

Tingkat Pelayanan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik Berdasarkan Kebutuhan Masyarakat di Perumnas Pucang Gading Demak

Green open space in residential areas is one of the facilities that must be provided as a space for community activities and has an ecological function for the environment. Perumnas Pucang Gading is a settlement that has existed since the 1990s and there is green open space in each hamlet as a space for residents' activities. However, in its utilization, green open space is not widely used and instead is used for personal interests, one of which is for parking lots. This study aims to evaluate the level of green open space services at Perumnas Pucang Gading based on the needs of the community. The research approach was carried out in a quantitative descriptive manner using spatial analysis techniques, scoring, and frequency distribution. The results of the study show that in terms of quantity, the availability of green space services has been 75% fulfilled, namely based on the distribution, range, and area needed. Then in terms of quality, green open space obtained a sufficient/average score from the functional, technical, and behavioral aspects with a score of 3.1 out of 5.0. However, it turns out that the availability of green open space is not in accordance with the criteria needed by the community, namely a sports field with social space and is fulfilled by vegetation elements which are not in accordance with the current existing conditions.

HUBUNGAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU TERHADAP PENATAAN RUANG BALI MADYA PADA RUMAH TINGGAL

Natural disasters are commonly found in densely populated areas such as Denpasar City, Badung Regency and Gianyar. The contributing factor is the development of settlements which eliminates green open space a lot. Laws, Ministerial Regulations and Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali have not been able to control the availability of green open space. These various government efforts are in line with the concept of Bali madya traditional layout. The existence of a separate building arrangement and green open space provides space for natural ventilation and lighting to enter the interior. This study has the aim of knowing and understanding the form of green open space in residential homes with Bali madya traditional layout. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected using a purposive sample method with the main criteria which a house that uses a traditional Bali madya layout and has green open space. From 37 residential houses, 24 houses had a temperature range of 25°C-27°C and 28 houses had cool and slightly cool air conditions. These data show that green open space in residential homes through plant and pavement elements has an important role in the interior related to natural ventilation and lighting.

PENGAWASAN DPRD TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PERDA NO. 13 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH KOTA BEKASI (Studi Tentang Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kota Bekasi)

This research is motivated by the idea the controlling of Perda No.13/2011 on the Spatial Plan of Bekasi Regency has not been optimal in terms of the achievement of Green Open Space in Bekasi City, West Java Province. The method used in this research is a descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. The author uses observation techniques, in-depth interviews and transfers basic information to sources who are determined based on purposive sampling, the aim is to obtain the necessary information and data in accordance with the research variables.The results showed that: (1) The program was not achieved in accordance with the provisions as a result of the DPRD not carrying out optimal controlling functions. (2) DPRD does not show maximum integrity in carrying out its supervisory function on the implementation of Spatial Plan of Bekasi Regency regulations and the Spatial Planning Law regarding the achievement of Green Open Space in Bekasi City. (3) The Bekasi City DPRD has been carrying out its regulatory function well, which is proven to be making local regulations on Spatial Plan of Bekasi Regency where the availability of green open space is relevant to the provisions in the Spatial Planning Law, which is 30%, but the achievement of green open space currently still ranges from 11.29%. due to a lack of optimal controlling.

Fundamental Implementation of Green Open Space Function Arrangement in Gorontalo City

This study aims to find out and analyze the effectiveness of structuring the function of the Green Open Ruan in Gorontalo City, as well as to find out the factors that hinder the availability of Green Open Space in Gorontalo City. The type of research used is empirical research where this research places a system of statutory norms when interacting with the community. Next described in the descriptive form to explain the results of the study. The research obtained by the authors in conducting this study includes the arrangement of Green Open Space in the City of Gorontalo, which provides ecological, socio-cultural, aesthetic, and economic benefits. However, it has not been maximized because the availability of Gorontalo City Green Open Space does not reach the standard compared to the overall Green Open Space area that has been set. Furthermore, based on the results of research obtained, the obstacles encountered in efforts to realize Green Open Space, namely barriers to inadequate land availability, as well as low community culture in maintaining and preserving urban Green Open Space.