Availability Of Financial Resources Research Articles

Exploring the Emergency Planning Requirements: A Qualitative Research Study at the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to explore emergency planning requirements for managing disasters in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study adopted interpretivism; an inductive approach; a descriptive survey; and qualitative methods to address its aim. The techniques used included a literature review and semi-structured interviews. The study sample consisted of 13 experts from the KSA General Directorate of Civil Defence (GDCD). The data were analyzed by using content analysis. The study findings revealed that the emergency planning requirements are administrative requirements, including regulations and legislation; technical requirements, which include equipment; human resources, including staff and responders; identifying, analyzing, and evaluating risks; determining the tasks and responsibilities of the relevant agencies and stakeholders; qualified leadership; determining the chain of command at national and local levels; coordination and cooperation among stakeholders; knowledge gained from local or international experiences; updated database; the availability of sufficient financial resources; completed infrastructure; and improved training and practice. The study also found that although emergency planning requirements are more or less in place, there is a need for further improvement and development; specifically, there is a need for better understanding, knowledge, and awareness. Consequently, it strongly recommends that all emergency planning requirements developed from this study should be implemented simultaneously and as an integrated whole. By doing so, it could help decision makers and emergency planners at government emergency agencies to improve, develop, and reinforce emergency planning, specifically in reducing disaster risks.

Directors’ exposure and social enterprise performance: does entrepreneurial mindset and financial resource availability matter?

PurposeBuilding on insights from the upper echelons theory and resource-based view (RBV), this study explains how directors’ exposure influences social enterprise performance through the mediating effect of entrepreneurial mindset, and the contingent role of financial resource availability.Design/methodology/approachThe study follows a quantitative approach. Data were gathered from a survey of 168 social enterprises (i.e. Community Interest Companies (CICs)) in the United Kingdom (UK), and covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results show that directors’ exposure positively relates to social enterprise performance, and that the relationship is mediated by entrepreneurial mindset. Additionally, the findings reveal that financial resource availability moderates the indirect path between directors’ exposure and social enterprise performance such that the effect is more pronounced at high levels of financial resource availability.Originality/valueThis study is a pioneering attempt to uncover the linkage between directors’ exposure and social enterprise performance. Unlike past research, the study integrates the upper echelons theory and RBV to extend social enterprise research within the social entrepreneurship domain and provide important practical value for social enterprise practitioners.

What are the critical success factors for small farming businesses? Evidence from Zambia

ABSTRACT Small farming businesses play a cardinal role in most countries, as they contribute to food security, employment creation, and rural development. However, small farming businesses face a number of challenges that have potential to hinder their performance. The purpose of the study is to identify critical success factors for small farming businesses in Zambia. The study employed an exploratory approach that involved multiple cases of six small farm owners. Additionally, four experts from the agriculture industry were also involved in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, which was analyzed thematically using Atlas.ti software. Seven common dimensions emerged as critical success factors. These critical success factors include entrepreneurial characteristics, availability of financial resources, farm management practices, adoption of technology, knowledge, networking, and government support. The study provides implications that can help with development of the small farming businesses in Zambia.

Examining incubated and nonincubated startups from fear of failure and entrepreneurial well-being during crises

PurposeThis research aimed to examine entrepreneurial fear of failure and entrepreneurial well-being from the perspectives of incubated and nonincubated startups during crises.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by distributing online questionnaires to 152 respondents comprising 43 incubated and 109 nonincubated startups in Indonesia. A multivariate discriminant analysis procedure was used to examine the interrelationships between both groups at the discovery, validation, customer creation and construction stages.FindingsThe result showed a significant difference between these startups at various stages, which was analyzed to provide insights into the relevant dimensions of fear of failure for startups. The essence of entrepreneurial well-being during crises is in accordance with the role of business incubators in an emerging market economy.Practical implicationsStartups need to innovate in order to grow while considering other factors such as work-life balance and financial resource availability. This is important to ensure they have sufficient motivating dosage of fear of failure.Originality/valueThe present study evaluates incubated and nonincubated startups in an emerging market economy by using both the entrepreneurial fear of failure and well-being to capture possible differences between groups. The context of pandemic crises helps us formulate appropriate approaches taken by incubators and startups in the future crises.

DETERMINANTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INCLUSIVE LABOR MARKET IN UKRAINE

The article examines the modern determinants of the development of the inclusive labor market in Ukraine, which are determined by a complex of specific factors that affect the process of integration of people from socially vulnerable population groups. It has been proven that one of the key components of the inclusive labor market are socio-economic conditions that form the foundation for the development of an inclusive economy. It was determined that the degree of economic development, the level of unemployment and the availability of financial resources directly affect the formation of an inclusive labor market. In addition, an important role in the formation of an inclusive environment is also played by legal regulation, including the interaction of national public administration bodies with the international labor organization. It has been proven that normative acts aimed at protecting the rights of socially vulnerable persons create the necessary conditions for their active participation in economic activity on the labor market. It was determined that the development and improvement of such normative legal acts is a strategic task for ensuring the sustainable development of the inclusive labor market in Ukraine. Socio-cultural factors that determine society's attitude towards socially vulnerable persons and shape openness and tolerance in the working environment are considered. It was determined that an effective policy of differentiation and acceptance of diversity can contribute to the creation of a positive climate for inclusive employment, promoting the development of diverse talents and skills among employees in order to strengthen the relevance of their qualifications to the demands of employers. It has been proven that educational opportunities for persons with disabilities play a key role in their integration into the inclusive labor market. It was found that the system of providing high-quality education and professional training, as well as the implementation of special support programs in general, contribute to the growth of the competitiveness of this group of workers in the labor market. It was determined that organizational aspects, such as the creation of specialized employment centers, functional support of enterprises that implement inclusive practices, as well as the development of corporate responsibility, contribute to the effective solution of the problems of integration of socially vulnerable persons in the field of work. It is proved that all the mentioned determinants are closely interrelated and interact with each other, forming a complex system of factors that influence the development of the inclusive labor market in Ukraine.

IJCM_206A: Building a demographic, developmental and environmental surveillance site in an urban slum and resettlement colony in Delhi, India: processes, engagement, and challenges – a SWOT analysis

Background: Demographic, developmental and environmental surveillance sites (DDESS) enable accurate and prospective health-related data collection amongst socioeconomically disadvantaged populations that facilitate health planning and interventions. Objectives: We explored the community-engagement strategies, enablers, and barriers in building a DDESS site in an urban slum and resettlement colony-based field practice area of a government medical college in Delhi. Methodology: We conducted qualitative research through SWOT analysis that identified both internal (strength and weaknesses), and external (opportunities and threats) factors in building the DDESSS. Informal interviews with multiple stakeholders including researchers, field investigators, project staff, local medical officers, resident doctors, community health workers, local residents, and leaders were conducted. Results: The themes related to SWOT analysis were identified as: (1). Internal factors – Strengths (a). Pre-existing linkage with the community especially provision of comprehensive primary care services (b). Establishment of community-advisory boards (c). Community needs assessment (2): Internal factors - Weaknesses (a). Perceived lack of individual benefit in residents (b). Dissatisfaction with functioning of existing health services (c). Inadequate digital literacy among senior staff hindering generation and adoption of health data to meet population healthcare needs (c) Concerns over privacy in questions related to socioeconomic status and mapping of the area. (3). External factors – Opportunities (a). Employment of field workers belonging to the community to demonstrate trust and build confidence (b). Outreach health services including noncommunicable screening camps, and child vaccination. (4). External factors - Threats (a). Inefficient functioning of health system such as out-of-stock drugs, delayed vaccination, unavailability of diagnostic services in existing primary health facilities. (b). ensuring availability of adequate human and financial resources beyond the project period. (c) dominance of CABs by influential individuals or groups. Conclusion: Garnering community support and active community engagement enable the process of establishment of medical college based DDESS sites.

Причины возникновения «бархатных революций» как нового типа социально-политической дестабилизации в XXI в.: теоретический анализ

The global processes of the late 20th – early 21st century post factum demonstrated a significant change in trends in the political development of countries, which primarily affected the so-called technologies of “color revolutions” – the external dismantling of politically undesirable figures from the highest echelon of power in favor of more loyal ones. Although at present there is a common understanding of the reasons of color revolutions (which include the existence of internal economic and political problems; the availability of information and financial resources representing the interests of leading foreign countries; specially / indirectly created problems in the economic and social spheres; the unwillingness of the current undesirable government to cooperate with the opposition), it is necessary to consider such events in more detail in order to identify additional characteristics that will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms of political destabilization and get a more complete picture of possible threats to national security of the Russian Federation.

ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING THE COMPETITIVE POTENTIAL OF AN ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

Introduction. Adaptive strategy is a key in the modern business environment as it allows businesses to respond effectively to changes in market conditions and ensures their competitiveness. The adaptive strategy for managing the competitive potential of the architectural and construction company was not investigated at the level of a separate study. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature and characteristics of an adaptive strategy for managing the competitive potential of an architectural and construction company. The process of forming the competitive potential of the company as a comprehensive strategy of actions aimed at achieving competitive advantages over a certain period of time is considered. The strategies of growing, stabilising, surviving and adapting are analysed. The principles, functions and stages of operation of the adaptive management system are the subject of the article. According to the authors, an adaptive strategy for managing the competitive potential of architectural and construction companies is an approach aimed at continuously adapting the company’s management strategies to the changing internal and external environment in which it operates. This approach implies flexibility and readiness for rapid response to changes in market conditions, technologies, competition, legislation and other aspects of activity. It has established that a flexible organisational structure, staff competence and continuous improvement of products and services are the components of the adaptive strategy methodological triangle. Using such a methodological triangle allows architectural and construction organisations to be flexible and adaptable to changes in the competitive environment, to adapt quickly to new conditions and to maintain their competitiveness. According to the authors, the characteristics of the adaptive strategy for managing the competitive potential of architectural and construction companies include the following aspects: intellectual capital of companies in the field; ensuring the uniqueness of products in a particular market segment; pricing; ensuring the quality of products and services; availability of financial resources; information and innovation activities; introduction of resource-saving technologies in a construction company; use of innovative approaches to the design, construction and operation of buildings. The results of the study can be used in the process of formation and implementation of adaptive strategies for managing the competitive potential of the architectural and construction company.

Healthcare for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Italy

AbstractThe Italian healthcare system is public and freely available to the population. With a few exceptions, there are no distinctions between the healthcare services and practices (e.g., primary care) designed for the general population and those for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Prevalence data on adults with IDD are lacking and most disability policies and resources are designed for people with disabilities broadly defined, without specification based on disability type or severity level. Recent legislation provides specific supports for individuals with severe disabilities or autism spectrum disorder. This paper describes the legislation and health policies developed for people with disabilities, the organization of the Italian healthcare system, and the organization of disability support services and healthcare services. Strengths (e.g., availability of many financial resources, adoption of biopsychosocial approach to disability, presence of innovative projects to address the healthcare needs of people with IDD) and weaknesses (e.g., lack of distinction among disability types, territorial differences, lack of disability training of healthcare providers) of the current healthcare practices are reported and discussed.

Digital agriculture for sustainable development in China: The promise of computerization

The pivotal role of computer technology in augmenting crop productivity, optimizing supply chain management in food production, and reducing wastage through precision agriculture techniques is undeniable. The utilization of computers has significantly transformed the field of food production, enhancing effectiveness, environmental sustainability, and economic viability. This study examines the asymmetric and long-term effects of computer usage on grain output in the selected Chinese provinces. Additionally, it investigates the impact of other variables, such as energy use and the application of pesticides and fertilizers on grain yields. To analyze the dataset spanning from 2002 to 2020, the researchers employed the FGLS, D-K, and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality methods. The study's findings underscore the substantial positive impact of computer utilization on grain production. Besides, fertilizer application and adoption of irrigation practices positively influence grain yields. Conversely, the utilization of pesticides, power consumption, and rural labor engagement exhibit a negative impact on grain output. Therefore, evaluating the potential of investing in sophisticated technologies, considering multiple elements including local conditions, the availability of financial resources, and the role of agricultural industrialization in regional development is imperative. We discuss the policy implications of these findings in detail in the Conclusion section.

Institutional capacity assessment in the lens of implementation research: Capacity of the local institutions in delivering WASH services at Cox's Bazar district, Bangladesh.

The influx of Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) has left the Southwest coastal district of Cox's Bazar with one of the greatest contemporary humanitarian crises, stressing the existing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources and services. This study aimed to assess the existing capacity of local institutions involved in delivering WASH services and identify relevant recommendations for intervention strategies. We used a qualitative approach, including interviews and capacity assessment workshops with institutions engaged in WASH service delivery. We conducted five key informant interviews (KII) with sub-district level officials of the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE), Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) and Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) to have a general idea of WASH service mechanisms. Seven capacity assessment workshops were organized with the relevant district and sub-district level stakeholders from August 2019 to September 2019. These workshops followed three key areas: i) knowledge of policy, organizational strategy, guidelines, and framework; ii) institutional arrangements for service delivery such as planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring, and reporting; and iii) availability and management of human, financial and infrastructural resources. Data were categorized using thematic content analysis. The majority of stakeholders lacked awareness of national WASH policies. Furthermore, the top-down planning approaches resulted in activities that were not context-specific, and lack of coordination between multiple institutions compromised the optimal WASH service delivery at the local level. Shortage of human resources in delivering sustainable WASH services, inadequate supervision, and inadequate evaluation of activities also required further improvement, as identified by WASH stakeholders. Research evidence suggests that decision-makers, donors, and development partners should consider learning from the WASH implementers and stakeholders about their existing capacity, gaps, and opportunities before planning for any WASH intervention in any particular area.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ БІЗНЕС-МОДЕЛЕЙ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of changes in the micro and macro environment on business during a full-scale war and directions for modifying business models that ensure the survival and development of business structures. The methodological basis of the research is А. Osterwalder's and I. Pigneur’s approach to business modeling. In the study it was determined that the war caused the emergence of new consumer segments. There are displaced persons, the state or volunteers, consumers with specific needs due to the special circumstances created by the war. As a result of changes in the demographic, socio-economic characteristics of society, business must rethink the characteristics of existing market segments. The value proposition can be modified taking into account the growth of national self-awareness, an increase in psychological stress, and changes in consumer priorities in wartime conditions. Problems with the organization of physical movement of goods increase the relevance of e-commerce. There is a need to review the channels and quality of communications to attract consumers to form long-term relationships with them, because consumers are more particular about the content and timeliness of messages from sellers during a war. Review of key segments, value proposition prompts to make changes to the range of goods and services that ensure incomes, sales organization, payment methods. An increase in the cost of resources, primarily raw materials, direct loss of property, a decrease of availability of financial resources, and the loss of human capital during the war causes the need to review the priority of resources for the company, and the search for new ways of attracting them. Determination of key types of activities is carried out under the influence of adjustment of consumer segments and available resources. Since many businesses lose the ability to fulfill previously obligations, companies need to look for new key partners, and the increase in the price of resources and the drop in client incomes increases the urgency of cost optimization.

How Can Adolescents Get Mental Health Services Without the Availability of Professionals? A Lesson Learned from Rural Primary Health Care

Background: The existence of a 'treatment gap' is indicated by the high frequency of individuals with mental health disorders and the low number of individuals obtaining formal treatment. It refers to the prevalence of mental problems and the proportion of people who are treated or the percentage of people who need but do not receive treatment. Aims: The study is aimed to determine the utilisation of mental health services (MHS). Methods: This study is qualitative, using a case study approach. The primary informants were six mental health workers and youth health program holders from three Primary Health Care (PHC) with the most significant number of mental health cases. Meanwhile, five youths receiving or actively undergoing treatment at the PHC served as supporting or triangulation informants. An in-depth interview guide is used in the instrument. Results: Health insurance, waiting time and duration of services, and accessibility to services play a supportive role in MHS utilization, while family and health worker support, facilities, and infrastructure do not. Adolescent and family ignorance, the presence of community stigma, the availability of human and financial resources, and health promotion media are all barriers to the utilization of MHS. Conclusion: The PHC in the Kulon Progo area is responsible for acquiring human resources, fostering collaboration across sectors, and creating health promotion media to fulfil its obligations.

Perspectives on Remote Robotic-Assisted Stroke Treatment: A Commentary Paper.

The proved feasibility of robotic-assisted endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms has stimulated the idea of a potential application of remote robotics for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The possibility of developing a more advanced remote-controlled robotic system capable of performing a complete mechanical thrombectomy procedure would help bridge the health care gap of lack of technical expertise in isolated areas. This possibility could allow a more equitable access to mechanical thrombectomy to a larger number of patients and be a breakthrough for acute ischemic stroke care worldwide. Many aspects around the technical, human, financial, and regulatory requirements should be discussed to implement remote robotic-assisted procedures. In this State of Practice article, we aimed to outline the major challenges that must be considered, as well as proposed solutions. However, different solutions may be applied in different health care systems on the basis of the availability of human and financial resources.

ФОРМУВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ ВИВЕДЕННЯ НОВОГО ТОВАРУ НА РИНОК

The article reveals the features of introducing a new product to the market and examines the set of marketing strategies as they are applied on the market. The stages of product novelty are considered: the appearance of such a product that has no analogues; change of external design with direct observance of existing consumer properties; a change in consumer characteristics, which makes changes in the specific way of satisfying needs; improvement of basic technical characteristics without specific changes in production technologies. Methods of studying a new product include conducting special experiments and surveying consumers and specialists involved in the development and production of the product. The development of a new product is a complex process that includes the following stages: ideation, concept development, prototype development and testing, marketing research, production and implementation, monitoring and improvement. The reasons for the failure of new products on the market have been studied. Ways to reduce the risk of factors affecting the success of the release of new products are proposed. Marketing strategy is a mandatory component of the overall business strategy. It is proven that the choice of a specific strategy depends on the type of business the firm is engaged in. The formation of a strategy for the development of new products is carried out after analyzing the consumer market, the company's capabilities, analyzing competitors and the external environment, understanding the possibilities of the company's budget and other important issues. For such purposes, the strategy of diversification is most often used. If a company has a strong image in its industry, diversification can help attract new partners and expand its sphere of influence. For the successful implementation of the diversification strategy, the availability of sufficient financial resources is key. The strategy for the development of a new product on the market is the strategy of variation, with the help of which the firm can offer a new version of the product on the market, while the old one is subject to elimination (withdrawal from circulation). The use of a commodity strategy of diversification and variation depends on the specific conditions of the company's activity and is determined by the volume and level of economic efficiency of sales.

Управління фінансовою діяльністю сільськогосподарських підприємств в Україні

The aim of the article is to substantiate the need to manage the financial activities of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine in the context of ensuring a sufficient amount of financial resources to fulfill all production and non-production goals. In the context of the study, the essence of financial activity has been defined and its functional characteristics have been allocated, which allows for a detailed assessment of its role in the financial provision of enterprise development. The main factors influencing the financial activity of agricultural enterprises are systematized, the consideration of which is the determining function of the management process. An analysis of the main indicators of economic development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine has been carried out, which has allowed to define the level of profitability of their activities, which indicates the availability of own financial resources in the structure of sources of financial support. It is substantiated that the profitable activity of agricultural enterprises does not allow them to fully finance their own needs of expanded reproduction, and high prices for fixed assets and current assets force them to use other sources of financial security. The main methods of financial support for the activities of agricultural enterprises have been researched and described in detail, which has allowed to substantiate the use of the most alternative methods of financing, which are reduced to self-financing, lending, State financial support and leasing. In order to study the management aspects of ensuring the efficiency of financial activities, the stages of management are presented with a clear detailing of the functions at each of them, which makes it possible to correctly approach the management process and determine its main elements. In order to ensure the efficiency of management of financial activities, the main structural elements of this process have been identified and the features of the activities of agricultural enterprises, which should be taken into account in the development of managerial decisions, have been clearly allocated.

Performance of regional public council in Kazakhstan

Performance of regional public council in Kazakhstan

ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕЛЕНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ: ЛЕСНЫЕ ОБЛИГАЦИИ

The sustainability of forest ecosystems is key to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. However, the rate of deforestation and degradation of forest ecosystems is unprecedented, and the need for the investments needed to implement sustainable forest management mechanisms is substantial. The protection of natural forests is directly dependent on the availability of financial resources for sustainable forest management. At present, there is a lack of knowledge about innovative financing mechanisms for sustainable forest management that are suitable for implementation in developing markets where large-scale deforestation occurs. The article describes financial instruments that provide investment in forestry, analyzes the arguments in favor of investing in intensive forest management projects. Mechanisms for financing sustainable forest management programmes through the issuance of forest bonds were also considered. Forest bonds are a more appropriate financial instrument for financing sustainable forest management than traditional green bonds. A taxonomy is provided Projects implemented within the framework of intensive forest management programmes for which forest bonds can be issued. The purpose of this article is to develop academic research aimed at studying forest green bonds and, more generally, green market financing mechanisms for sustainable forest management.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНА БАЗА ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ ДЛЯ ВСТАНОВЛЕННЯ РІВНЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ

Assessment of the level of economic development of companies is based on the application of various methodological approaches. Considering the importance for economic development, including in the context of the formation of stable socio-economic systems, processes of financing economic activity and investing in long-term assets, methodological approaches in the system of eco-social management should primarily be based on the comparison of sources of formation of financial resources with assets, analysis property components and capital structure, taking into account financial results, ensuring financial resilience. The presence of financial resilience is one of the main factors of financial well-being. The most common motivation for companies to maintain financial resilience is the desire to mitigate the adverse effects of environmental unpredictability and existing financial constraints. The financial consequences of disruptions, crises, shocks, upheavals, the tension of which is felt throughout the economy, are manifested in the fact that companies reduce their activity and suffer significant and long-term losses, having significant difficulties in restoring financial stability. Although researchers argue that the availability of financial resources contributes to increasing financial resilience, it is difficult to solve the problem in practice. Economic history shows that more companies fail to get out of a recession once they get into one. It should be emphasized that the reliability of the toolkit and the validity of the obtained data must be checked in practice to make sure that the methodological approach adequately covers all the main characteristics of financial stability, and allows obtaining reliable results that can be used for an adequate assessment of financial (in) stability in order to ensure resilience organizations. From the standpoint of financial stability, companies, focusing on the needs of long-term inclusive economic growth, should evaluate the optimal ratio of financing sources and establish at what level the marginal benefits from external financing will equal the marginal costs and ensure the effective use of own and general invested capital.

Geographic location and corporate social responsibility: urban versus non-urban firms

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether and how firm headquarters location affects corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. Utilizing a propensity-score matched sample, we find that comparing to their urban counterparts, non-urban firms are less likely to spend resources on CSR programmes while exhibit a similar degree of socially irresponsible behaviour, resulting in a lower overall CSR score. Further analysis indicates that the availability of financial resources, public monitoring, and social capital mediate the relationship between firm location and CSR performance. Our research adds to the debate on CSR impetus by lending support to the economic incentive of CSR engagement and provides evidence of the social impact of location of corporate headquarters.