Autonomous Decentralized System Research Articles

Adopting sea water reverse osmosis desalination technologies for sustainable development: lessons learnt from Algiers Science and Technology for membranes 2023 workshop

The city of Algiers hosted the workshop on Science and Technology for Membranes from 30th May to 1st June 2023—STM 2023, held in Algeria. The main topics focused on Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination technologies, decentralized autonomous systems, wastewater recycling for circularity, and the effects of green membrane processes on socio-economic growth. This review examines the influence of global trends and instabilities (i.e., climate change, disrupted supply chain platforms, natural disasters) on the steady supply of freshwater. The implementation of RO desalination solutions and their sustainability are assessed based on resiliency factors, which is helpful to screen water treatment alternatives based on technological benefits, ecological safety and environmental protection. Key takeaways from this study call for rolling out local membrane production capabilities, promoting the benefits of autonomous decentralized treatment systems, prioritizing innovative solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and for developing RO-specific equipment recycling infrastructures. Implementing these new tactics can lead to mitigate water scarcity and enable a sustainable deployment of desalination membrane technologies in Algeria and its region.

SUBSTANTIATION OF A WIND PHOTOELECTRIC INSTALLATION FOR POWER SUPPLY OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS

The article deals with the issue of the use of electric energy generating units based on renewable energy sources. The use of autonomous decentralized power supply systems is becoming extremely important. Renewable energy makes it possible to organize a self-sufficient and decentralized energy supply and increase the value of local resources without dependence on imports or the need to create expensive electrical networks or modernize outdated networks with an extremely high level of technological losses. A wind photovoltaic installation that can be used for decentralized power supply in various sectors of the national economy, in particular, for autonomous power supply of road infrastructure. The proposed wind photovoltaic installation is combined and is used to generate electricity from wind energy and the electromagnetic flow of solar radiation. Attention is paid to the features of the structure of wind turbines and a design difference is proposed, thanks to which a technical result is achieved, which consists in increasing the efficiency of using horizontal wind flows simultaneously from different directions and outgoing thermal and centrifugal flows, as well as full controllability of azimuthal rotation and zenith tilt of photovoltaic panels. The technical possibilities of using air flows created by the movement of motor vehicles and simultaneous horizontal winds are provided separately.

Development of Devices for Autonomous Decentralized Systems Research

Development of Devices for Autonomous Decentralized Systems Research

Deveropment of Devices for Autonomous Decentralized Systems Research

Deveropment of Devices for Autonomous Decentralized Systems Research

Design and Analysis of a High Efficient Multi-Segment Redundancy Linear Motor

Background: The electromagnetic aircraft launch system helps the carrier aircraft accelerate take-off on a short distance on the flight deck. Linear motors are required to have high efficiency and thrust / volume ratio, as the actuator of the EMALS. In addition, linear motors were required to have the fluctuation of the thrust is as small as possible to prevent impact and overstress on the airborne equipment. The thrust performance and thrust fluctuation suppression of linear motors are the current research hotspots in the field of EMALS. Objective: This paper proposes a multi-segment LPMSM to improve the efficiency of the system. Methods: We design a decentralized primary structure based on the Autonomous Decentralized System (ADS) concept. Only the coils near the moving secondary are motivated during the launch process. The others could be released from being driven after the secondary slide over; this control will save energy. Results: A multi-segment linear motor is proposed to improve the efficiency of the EMALS. This motor consists of two sections - the one with iron core for the low speed process and the one without iron core for the high speed process. Conclusion: The normal direction component of the air gap magnetic flux density is much larger than that of the longitudinal component, and their values are 80-90% and 10-20% respectively. For the normal direction component, it is mainly affected by the third, seventh, and ninth harmonics. The accelerating and energy test results show that, in the accelerating process, the efficiency of the linear motor can be more than 90%, and the acceleration is stable.

Optimization Design of Rail Station Signal Monitoring System Based on Role Autonomous Decentralized System

Online-expansion, online maintenance and fault tolerance are vital functions of rail signal monitoring system, which can guarantee the system always in working status and satisfy the sustainable development of rail transit. Due to the limitations of traditional centralized system structure, it is necessary to optimize the design of rail station signal monitoring system to make the system possess these functions. In this research, the novel concept of Role on Autonomous Decentralized System (RoADS) is adopted to optimize the design of rail signal monitoring system. On the one hand, RoADS has the characteristic of role dynamic conversion which is essential to realize the special function of online-expansion, online maintenance and fault tolerance. On the other hand, RoADS also can support the basic function of data collection. In order to verify the validity of the proposed method, a case study has been performed on ZPW-2000 track circuit monitoring system which is the subsystem of rail signal system mainly responsible to monitor the track circuit. The results clearly indicate that the optimized system based on RoADS can not only realize the function of data collection, but also possess the function of online-expansion, online maintenance and fault tolerance. Consequently, the proposed method based on RoADS can improve the safety level of rail transit and reduce the cost operation which is of great significance for maintaining the sustainable urban development of rail transit.

Stimulus-response control strategy based on autonomous decentralized system theory for exploitation of flexibility by virtual power plant

To adequately utilize flexible resources on demand side, Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is an effective solution through the aggregation and application of distributed energy resources (DER). While centralized control approaches are easy to achieve global optimum for the scheduling of every DER, they have limitations when dealing with massive number of complex and heterogeneous DERs with time-varying states. Existing decentralized control approaches are mainly based on the assumption that all DERs are completely rational, which is quite far from the reality. In this paper, using a bottom-up approach, we propose a stimulus–response control strategy to realize exploitation of flexibility by VPP. In such a strategy, DERs are dynamically aggregated through autonomous decentralized system, and interact with each other via subscription and publication of topics, regardless of the source and recipient of the messages, thus removing the direct coupling relationship between VPP Operator and DERs. Furthermore, each DER makes an independent decision through edge computing at an agent that has a general End-to-End structure and is driven by the stimulus message received from VPP Operator. We develop a simple yet efficient double deep q-network (DDQN) algorithm to optimize the state sequence of DER agents. A simulation study is conducted with over 1000 DERs including photovoltaics, electric vehicles and air conditioners. Results indicate that the proposed approach can dynamically aggregate DERs and exploit their flexibility with each DER agent dynamically adapting to the change of stimulus signals, thus achieving dynamic, automatic and adaptive exploitation of flexibility by VPP.

Implementation of Autonomous Decentralized Systems to Soft-Bodied Robots

Implementation of Autonomous Decentralized Systems to Soft-Bodied Robots

Analysis of push-forward model for swarm-like collective motions

A system that operates as a whole through interactions between its constituent individuals, each of which operates autonomously, is called an autonomous decentralized system. This type of system is increasingly attracting attention in the fields of biology and engineering as a system that flexibly adapts to changes in external environments. In this paper, a push-forward model is proposed as a simple model to generate various collective motions in groups. The push-forward model can be used to generate four types of collective motions, including one where “if an individual flies out of the group, the direction in which the entire group is heading changes accordingly.” This motion could not be generated using conventional group models. In this study, the group collective motions obtained from the push-forward model are classified using evaluation indices, and the mechanisms of their development are discussed. Moreover, an evaluation is conducted using scale-free correlation, an index that expresses “group likeness,” which is derived from actual observations of bird flocks.

Data‐Centric Approach: A Novel Systematic Approach for Cyber Physical System Heterogeneity in Smart Grid

As a typical cyber physical system (CPS), a smart grid should facilitate more robust integration and interoperability of information models and subsystems so that the performance of the physical system can be optimized. However, the intrinsic complexity and heterogeneity of CPS are two of the biggest obstacles to interoperation and interconnection among various information models and subsystems. In order to address the dilemma, this paper proposed a systematic, data‐centric system design approach comprehensively including data‐oriented system architecture, data resources abstraction and data‐driven mechanisms. To be specific, the autonomous decentralized system (ADS) theory is introduced to establish the data‐centric system architecture. A MQTT/MQTT‐SN‐based communication protocol, which supports not only IP‐based devices but also non‐IP devices, is proposed to meet the requirement of publish–subscribe mechanism of the ADS‐based system architecture. A data‐centric meta‐interface is proposed to formalize the data resources abstraction. A Lebesgue sampling‐based data exchange mechanism, which is proven tractable but effective, is proposed to realize the data‐driven mechanism. As user energy management system (UEMS) is an integral part of smart grid, a realistic UEMS for heating project is considered a typical case to study the performance of the proposed data‐centric system. This paper is one of the first few papers that systematically propose a systematic data‐centric system design approach for a smart grid, which is supported by aspects of system architecture, communication protocol and data exchange mechanism. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Semada Technical Whitepaper - Blockchain Infrastructure for Measuring Domain Specific Reputation in Autonomous Decentralized and Anonymous Systems

Autonomous decentralized validation of domain-specific reputation is a core decentalized infrastructure necessity. The main design goals for measuring domain-specific reputation in autonomous decentralized and anonymous systems are to: 1) evaluate domain specific reputation across a wide variety of expertises 2) insure security, including resistance to Sybil attacks, tyranny of the majority, and 51% attacks 3) provide a minimal, robust core architecture which supports modular constructions for a wide range of use cases The key features are: 1) a positive feedback loop which promotes productive cooperation between public and expert users 2) maximal freedom for experts in the creation of reputation verification protocols 3) complete autonomy—the economic structure is closed to off-domain influence; all power and fees are shared entirely by expert users, weighted by reputation 4) meritocracy—the platform supports anonymity, rewarding ability and productive contributions over personal identity The creation of a transparent, fair, and predictable system that facilitates certainty of outcomes, security, and efficiency benefits society with the advancement of justice and prevention of corruption on a global scale.

ラグランジュ緩和と自律分散?(アイ・サイ問答教室)

ラグランジュ緩和と自律分散?(アイ・サイ問答教室)

Semantically Enabled Communication Framework for Autonomous Systems

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have recently gained much fame and have proved to be a potential technology that enables the construction and development of collaborative intelligent software systems. Development of such autonomous intelligent systems require a high level of communication with enriched semantics that will enable them to be integrated with the Web to achieve the ultimate goal of the Semantic Web in the future. The most important issues in MAS are high-level agent interaction, expressive power of agents, and semantics of messages to collaborate and cooperate with each other in Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ADS). This encoding/decoding mechanism will not only increase the reliability of the system but will also exhibit the properties of ADS that are high assurance. The evaluation proves that the implementation of semantically enriched communication improves performance and efficiency as a whole.

Anomaly detection in Industrial Autonomous Decentralized System based on time series

With the ever growing demand of location-independent access to Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ADS), anomaly detection scheme for industrial Ethernet, which highly is satisfied with demanding real-time and reliable industrial applications, becomes one of the most pressing subjects in ADS. In this paper, we present an innovative approach to build a traffic model based on structural time series model for a chemical industry system. A basic structural model that decomposes time series into four items is established by the stationary analysis of industrial traffic. Parameters in the model are identified by the state space model, which is conducted from the training sequence using standard Kalman filter recursions and the EM algorithm. Furthermore, the performance of state space model is evaluated by the experimental results that confirm significant improvement in detection accuracy and the validity of abnormal data localization.

A Security Authentication Protocol for Trusted Domains in an Autonomous Decentralized System

Software Defined Network (SDN) architecture has been widely used in various application domains. Aiming at the authentication and security issues of SDN architecture in autonomous decentralized system (ADS) applications, securing the mutual trust among the autonomous controllers, we combine trusted technology and SDN architecture, and we introduce an authentication protocol based on SDN architecture without any trusted third party between trusted domains in autonomous systems. By applying BAN predicate logic and AVISPA security analysis tool of network interaction protocol, we can guarantee protocol security and provide complete safety tests. Our work fills the gap of mutual trust between different trusted domains and provides security foundation for interaction between different trusted domains.

Special Issue on Autonomous Decentralized Systems on Locomotion

Special Issue on Autonomous Decentralized Systems on Locomotion

AUTONOMOUS DECENTRALIZED DATA CONSISTENCY FOR HIGH-ASSURANCE EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Advancement in computer and communication technologies have resulted in an explosive growth in embedded systems. The market and users requirements have been rapidly changing and diversified. Under these evolving situations, the assurance to keep the continuous system operation of embedded systems is becoming more and more important. The Autonomous Decentralized System (ADS) has been proposed for resolving the on-line property to achieve the step-by-step expansion, maintenance and fault-propagation prevention for high assurance. This architecture is effective to improve the reliability and reduce the development cost and product cycle time to market by data-driven mechanism. The technologies have been applied in the IC card system for train fare collection and its effectiveness has been proven.

Autonomous decentralized system for torque control of high‐power permanent magnet synchronous motor

AbstractAn autonomous decentralized system (ADS) for the control of a high‐power permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) presented in this paper. The system decentralizes a centralized control system into several autonomous subsystems. Thus the power supply and power electronic devices of the control system can be replaced by smaller ones, thereby obtaining better fault tolerance of the system. The subsystems are connected only through the data field, which, in this paper consists of feedback elements and communication modules. This structure enables the autonomous controllability and autonomous coordinability of the system. The mathematical model of the PMSM with decentralized stator coils is proposed. This model takes into account the self‐ and mutual inductance of the coil, as well as the effect of the stator slot‐pitch angle. In addition, an autonomous algorithm for the torque control of the PMSM with decentralized stator coils is proposed, and the fault‐tolerance design is developed. Experimental results of the torque control and fault‐tolerance control confirm the validity of the proposed system. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Ophiuroid robot that self-organizes periodic and non-periodic arm movements

Autonomous decentralized control is a key concept for understanding the mechanism underlying adaptive and versatile locomotion of animals. Although the design of an autonomous decentralized control system that ensures adaptability by using coupled oscillators has been proposed previously, it cannot comprehensively reproduce the versatility of animal behaviour. To tackle this problem, we focus on using ophiuroids as a simple model that exhibits versatile locomotion including periodic and non-periodic arm movements. Our existing model for ophiuroid locomotion uses an active rotator model that describes both oscillatory and excitatory properties. In this communication, we develop an ophiuroid robot to confirm the validity of this proposed model in the real world. We show that the robot travels by successfully coordinating periodic and non-periodic arm movements in response to external stimuli.

Fluid-Filled Soft-Bodied Amoeboid Robot Inspired by Plasmodium of True Slime Mold

This paper presents a fluid-filled soft-bodied amoeboid robot inspired by the plasmodium of the true slime mold. The significant features of this robot are 2-fold. (i) The robot has a fluid circuit (i.e., cylinders and nylon tubes filled with fluid), and a truly soft and deformable body stemming from real-time tunable springs — the former seals protoplasm to induce global physical interaction between the body parts and the latter is used for elastic actuators. (ii) A fully decentralized control using coupled oscillators with a completely local sensory feedback mechanism is realized by exploiting the global physical interaction between the body parts stemming from the fluid circuit. The experimental results show that this robot exhibits adaptive locomotion without relying on any hierarchical structure. The results obtained are expected to shed new light on the design scheme for autonomous decentralized control systems.