Automotive CAN Research Articles

Hardware Implementation of an Enhanced Security and Authentication-Related Automotive CAN Bus Prototype

Hardware Implementation of an Enhanced Security and Authentication-Related Automotive CAN Bus Prototype

Intrusion Attacks on Automotive CAN and Their Detection

Intrusion Attacks on Automotive CAN and Their Detection

A Survey of Attacks on Controller Area Networks and Corresponding Countermeasures

The development of vehicle technologies such as connected and autonomous vehicle environments provide drivers with functions for convenience and safety that are highly capable of remote vehicle diagnosis or lane-keeping assistance. Unfortunately, despite impressive advantages for drivers, these functions also have various vulnerabilities that could lead to cyber-physical attacks on automotive Controller Area Networks (i.e., automotive CAN). To deal with these security issues, a multitude of issue-specific countermeasures have already been proposed. In this paper, we introduce existing research on automotive CAN attacks and evaluate several state-of-the-art countermeasures. Particularly, we provide a comprehensive adversary model for automotive CAN and classify existing countermeasures into four system categories: (1) preventative protection, (2) intrusion detection, (3) authentication, and (4) post-protection. From the extensive literature review, we attempt to summarize the security research regarding automotive CAN and identify open research directions for in-vehicle networks of autonomous vehicle.

Examining the Thermal Stress Effect of Electromagnetic Susceptibility of Automotive CAN Controller

CAN controllers are responsible for the processing and transmission of CAN signals, which render them indispensable electronic devices in automotive cyber-physical systems. SJA1000T is one of the most common CAN communication chips which can be implemented through the use of bulk silicon CMOS technology. A susceptibility test platform is built based on the direct power injection method following IEC62132-4 to explore the electromagnetic susceptibility characteristics and the effects of thermal stress on CAN controller. Test results show that the susceptibility threshold curve is corresponded directly to frequency and temperature. The influence of thermal stress on the input and output characteristics of MOSFET is simulated and analyzed to verify the anti-interference ability and reduced reliability of the chip in a high temperature environment.

Improved Automotive CAN Protocol Based on Payload Reduction and Selective Bit Stuffing

In this research paper, the implementation strategies of automotive controller area network protocol are investigated and the short messaging scheme with selective bit stuffing method to improve the effective utilization of its bandwidth has been proposed. There would be a sharp decrease in the performance of traditional CAN protocol because of considerable increase in the number of ECUs (Electronic Control Units) and infotainment gadgets connected in the vehicle architecture. The demand for safety, emission, diagnostics and comfort norms has steeply increased the number of messages in the 250 Kbps CAN network as the computational power of ECUs has gone up. To overcome this problem, the short CAN method has been proposed and the work is benchmarked with SAEJ1939 Heavy commercial vehicle CAN standard. The Matlab Simulink based short CAN has been modeled and the performance of the proposed system has evaluated using virtual instrument cluster. Experimental results have shown that compared to the traditional CAN, the proposed method has reduced the worst case response time of CAN extended frame from 160 μ sec to 144 μ sec. Selective bit stuffing technique has reduced the impact of bit stuffing over the payload and improved the utilization factor for the CAN bus without affecting the CAN message ID properties. The proposed algorithm has been modeled and simulated using CAN Matlab model Simulink and it has been verified using virtual CAN tool and real time CAN bus hardware.

Research on Car Reversing Warning System Based on CAN Bus

The paper study the software and hardware principles of ultrasonic ranging reversing radar, design the vehicle reversing radar based on intelligent node of CAN bus, realize data communication and resource sharing with other intelligent nodes of the reversing radar. The experimental results show that, the design can achieve the expected technical indicators design, measurement precision and the reliability is high, which has certain guiding significance in the design of the car reversing radar, has wide application prospect and practical significance in the function of the extended CAN bus communication messages design and automotive CAN network.

The Application of Microcontroller MC9S08DZ60 in Automotive CAN Bus Electronic Control Unit

Being an excellent field-bus, CAN bus has increasingly been used in automotive electronic systems. MC9S08DZ60, an MCU of the S08D Series of Freescale company is an 8-bit universal automotive electronics controller with a CAN module. In this paper, the design of automotive electronic control unit is introduced based on the MC9S08DZ60. The hardware structure and software design processes have been shown. This circuit has characteristics of simple, low cost, high reliability and real-time. It has provided a scientific basis for the development of the CAN communication electronic control unit based on a microprocessor.

A Prototype Monitoring System for Automotive CAN Bus Gauge

CAN bus communication has been used in a serial protocol for connecting electronic control modules together with its hardware and software design in automotive gauge application. The motivation is to develop a PC-based monitoring system for not only CAN frames received from or sent onto CAN bus, but also data recorded on log files consideration. This paper presents a prototype monitoring system on automotive CAN bus gauge for communication protocol in Ford Mustang. For the proposed CAN bus monitoring system, the designed architecture is discussed and verified into PC for surveillance performance. Furthermore the Ethernet technology adopted in the system makes it a more practical and convenient CAN bus testing system.

Research and implementation of OSEK network management in automotive CAN systems

Research and implementation of OSEK network management in automotive CAN systems

Security threats to automotive CAN networks—Practical examples and selected short-term countermeasures

The IT security of automotive systems is an evolving area of research. To analyse the current situation and the potentially growing tendency of arising threats we performed several practical tests on recent automotive technology. With a focus on automotive systems based on CAN bus technology, this article summarises the results of four selected tests performed on the control systems for the window lift, warning light and airbag control system as well as the central gateway. These results are supplemented in this article by a classification of these four attack scenarios using the established CERT taxonomy and an analysis of underlying security vulnerabilities, and especially, potential safety implications. With respect to the results of these tests, in this article we further discuss two selected countermeasures to address basic weaknesses exploited in our tests. These are adaptations of intrusion detection (discussing three exemplary detection patterns) and IT-forensic measures (proposing proactive measures based on a forensic model). This article discusses both looking at the four attack scenarios introduced before, covering their capabilities and restrictions. While these reactive approaches are short-term measures, which could already be added to today’s automotive IT architecture, long-term concepts also are shortly introduced, which are mainly preventive but will require a major redesign. Beneath a short overview on respective research approaches, we discuss their individual requirements, potential and restrictions.