Automation Of Immunoassay Research Articles

Hypo-, hyperaldostéronismes et dosage de l'aldostérone

AbstractThe clinical consequences of hypo- and hyperaldosteronism are important and a quick and reliable diagnosis is necessary. In this context, the dosage of aldosterone plays a key role. Methods of measuring aldosterone have evolved considerably in recent years, both through the automation of immunoassays and the development of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry methods. Summary of some important elements around the determination of aldosterone.

Polyethylene imine/graphene oxide layer-by-layer surface functionalization for significantly improved limit of detection and binding kinetics of immunoassays on acrylate surfaces

Antibody immobilization on polymeric substrates is a key manufacturing step for microfluidic devices that implement sample-to-answer automation of immunoassays. In this work, a simple and versatile method to bio-functionalize poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), a common material of such “Lab-on-a-Chip” systems, is proposed; using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique, we assemble nanostructured thin films of poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and graphene oxide (GO). The wettability of PMMA surfaces was significantly augmented by the surface treatment with (PEI/GO)5 film, with an 81% reduction of the contact angle, while the surface roughness increased by 600%, thus clearly enhancing wettability and antibody binding capacity. When applied to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), the limit of detection of PMMA surface was notably improved from 340pgmL−1 on commercial grade polystyrene (PS) and 230pgmL−1 on plain PMMA surfaces to 130pgmL−1 on (PEI/GO)5 treated PMMA. Furthermore, the accelerated antibody adsorption kinetics on the LbL films of GO allowed to substantially shorten incubation times, e.g. for anti-rat IgG adsorption from 2h down to 15min on conventional and treated surfaces, respectively.

Lab Automation Insights in Sample Preparation for LC/MS Analysis

Copyright: © 2014 Rogatsky E. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This week in San Diego, USA the Society for Lab Automation and Screening (SLAS) annual meeting and expo is taking place. This conference features 132 word class podium presentations and 400 poster presentations attracting experts from industry and academia, students, engineers and business leaders from around the World. This is only the third annual meeting, representing a relatively young and rapidly growing and developing field of automation for different laboratory workflows and processes, which is steadily replacing semi-automatic or manual methods. Initially, the complete automation of manufacturing processes was achieved in industry for various production lines. Next, automation has brought benefits to sterile environments, e.g. vaccine production and blood banks in order to minimize employee exposure to biological hazards, minimizing human error, and ensuring product purity and integrity. The next breakthrough of automation was in routine laboratory operations, such as immunoassays, crystallography, DNA screening/sequencing, cell culture and stem cells assays. Automation of immunoassays has allowed multiplexing (multiple parallel assays) using single source serum samples significantly speeding up analysis while enhancing sample integrity by eliminating multiple freeze thaw cycles, and/or reducing sample requirements by reformatting from a single source sample. ELISA and other plate based immunoassay are the most frequently used assays in clinical diagnostics. They allow fast, relatively specific and sensitive assays of many analytes or metabolites. A workflow bottleneck for immunoassays is a typical incubation time of several hours, that makes the processing throughput of manual processing relatively slow only a few plates per day per lab technician. Automation of plate based assays, which has matured over the past few years has increased the productivity of clinical laboratories, decreased operational costs, minimized (human) errors, while enhancing workplace safety for laboratory personnel.

4] Analytical immunology

Publisher Summary Immunoassays are based on the specific recognition by antibodies of a small number of amino acids (epitopes) in an antigen. This immunological discrimination that can be used to determine, either antigen or the antibody concentration, is the basis for modern analytical immunology. The human immune system has the potential to generate 10 million different combinations of immunoglobulin specificities, each of which may complex with an antigen in a different way. The discussion here focuses on the general aspects of antigen–antibody binding that are common to most immunocomplexes. The lock-and-key model proposed in 1900 to represent the antibody–antigen binding is still accepted, although it is important to consider the surface topology of each molecular species involved in describing the specific chemical interactions. Knowledge of the steric aspects of antibody–antigen interaction at the molecular level can be obtained by crystallographic studies in some cases. In others, it must be combined with additional biochemical and immunological information. Improvements in antibody selectivity, antibody, and tracer labeling, antibody immobilization, detection, and automation of immunoassays, together with the enhanced selectivity and sensitivity, provided by integrating separation systems into the assay, have enormously increased the value of immunoassays. The large number of variations on this technique has proved to be quite useful in quantitating an analyte in a sample, determining its purity, discriminating the variants of the target substance formed during its production, and in performing real-time monitoring of the biomolecules.

Preliminary Evaluation of the Asted XL Dialysis System Towards its Applicability In Ligand Binding Assays

Abstract In ligand binding assays, the separation of bound and free fraction of the labeled ligand is very important. Dialysis is generally overlooked as separation technique since it requires large volumes and long analysis times. The availability of the ASTED-system (Automated Sequential Trace Enrichment of Dialysates) might open ways for a complete automation of immuno assays including the separation step. A well-documented radio-immuno assay for 3-keto-desogestrel (Org3236) was used to test the potentials of this system. The tritiated analog of Org3236 not only served as label in the immuno assay but was also used to trace this compound in the entire procedure. The dialysis efficiency increased with the dialysis time and with the flush rate of the recipient solvent (tris-HCI or phosphate buffer). Addition of methanol to recipient solvent had spectacular effects on the recovery. With tris-HCI buffer, 0.18 mL/min and 1.0 mL recipient solvent 2.5% of the label was collected. Addition of 50% methanol resu...

Automation of Thyroid Function Testing

This article discusses the automation of thyroid function testing. The needs for automation are included in the introduction. The issues concerning automation of immunoassay are discussed, including homogeneous or heterogeneous immunoassay, competitive or immunometric assay, reagent stability, data management, sample management, signal detection, and the disadvantages of automation. Individual immunoassay systems are summarized with a table outlining the key features. Both technical and clinical performance of automated thyroid function testing are described. The article ends with a discussion of the future trends of automated immunoassay testing.