Automatic Water Level Control Research Articles

Innovative Solar Water Pump with Automatic Water Level Regulator for Efficiency Rice Field Irrigation

Nowadays, most of human activities are related to the use of technology. The invention of various innovative ideas that simplify human life is essential. One of the uses advancement technologies can applied in agricultural field, especially for irrigation processes since it becomes the critical step in agricultural activity since it ensures that plants receive an adequate water. Due to the importance of irrigation, this community service activity aimed to provide information on how to build a solar pump for irrigation purposes and implement an innovative solar water pump with automatic water level control to improve the efficiency of irrigation of rice fields in Bekiung Village. The system is designed using solar panels as the main energy source, minimizing dependence on conventional electricity and fossil fuels. With the integration of water level sensor and automatic control system, the pump is able to adjust the water supply in real-time based on the actual needs of rice plants. Field tests show that the system is able to provide water consistently and efficiently, reducing water and energy wastage. The implementation of this technology not only improves irrigation efficiency, but also supports environmentally friendly sustainable agriculture. The results of this study are expected to serve as a model for other villages facing similar challenges in irrigation water management.

Sistem Kontrol Level Air pada Tandon Air Berbasis Microcontroller dengan Penahan Riak Gelombang

An automatic water level controller mechanism in a water tank is needed to maintain the availability of water supply. One way is to create a control system that uses an ultrasonic sensor as a detector of the water level that is fed back to the water tank filling pump. To minimize fluctuations in sensor readings, a mechanism is needed to minimize the occurrence of water ripples. To provide easy information to users on site, a monitoring system in the form of an LED indicator is also added that informs the condition of the water level in the water tank. Therefore, in this study, a tool will be created that can automatically control and monitor the water level based on Arduino Uno which uses an ultrasonic sensor and LED indicator with a wave ripple holder

Cadio Interfaced Smart Home with IoT Enabled Automation Systems

Smart home automation integrates advanced technologies for efficient, convenient, and secure residential living. It employs sensors and actuators to collect data and automate physical tasks. Connectivity protocols Wi-Fi enable seamless communication among devices. This project presents a simpler IoT based home automation system using ESP8266 and Cadio app. This project includes security features include smart user behaviour lighting, motion detection, automatic water level control and locks, enhancing real-time monitoring and remote access. Voice control via virtual assistants like Alexa and google assistant adds a hands-free dimension to device management. Artificial Intelligence teaches user behaviour, enabling the system to automate routines over time. Customization options allow users to create personalized scenarios and routines tailored to their preferences. Here there is no code needed and it is easy to integrate and control. Using this IOT based home automation system reduces electricity bill of consumer and reduces carbon footprint at lower cost by implementation of this home automation project. Key Words: Cadio, Smart Home, Home Automation, IoT, Sensor, NodeMCU

Review of Automatic Water Tank Filling System Using Arduino

Abstract: This project revolves around an Arduino- based automatic water level controller and indicator, employing ultrasonic sensors for water level measurement. These sensors operate on the "echo" principle, wherein transmitted sound waves return after striking an obstacle. Utilizing this principle enables the calculation of travel time for both outgoing and returning waves, facilitating the determination of distance. This fundamental concept is integrated into the project design. The system activates the motor pump automatically when the water level is low, addressing the pressing issue of drinking water scarcity prevalent in India and other countries. The project aims to contribute to water conservation efforts, given the prevalent crisis. Many households in India use overhead tanks, resulting in water overflow and substantial wastage of both water and electricity. To combat this, the project introduces an automatic water level controller, eliminating the need for manual switching ON and OFF of the motor pump. The device continuously monitors the water level and triggers a relay, subsequently activating the motor pump. This automated process not only minimizes water and electricity wastage but also reduces the reliance on manual operation, thereby optimizing efficiency.

The water tap design for ablution activities considering cultural influences: a design for sustainability

Water is a vital resource that should be utilized effectively. However, it is overused and squandered on a daily need, including the unrestrained use of water for ablution purposes. This condition can be due to a lack of awareness and the influences of peer cultural values. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a water-tap design that takes into consideration the influences of cultural value. Accordingly, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) approach the significant correlation between cultural influences and user preferences on water-tap design by referring at the critical threshold output of each attribute. The result showed that collectivism and uncertainty avoidance dimensions were identified as the influencing cultural dimensions and the automatic water level-control float valve, mechanical water-taps with auto-stop function, and transparent water tanks are the most important considerations for water tap technical specification. Through the assessment of its applicability, the use of the prototype can reduce water usage by 54.6% compared to regular water-taps. Correspondingly, the approach of cultural value in the designing process is expected to give more insights to practices such as product designers when determining design specification while for knowledge, it extends the applicability of Hofstede cultural theory for product design and development.

Automatic water level indicator and controller

Everyone is well aware of the wastage of water through tanks, which has always been a concern. In many cities and villages, water wastage has increased as people have not maintained their tanks properly. This paper is designed to monitor and control water levels in tanks, reservoirs, or other storage containers. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, microcontrollers, and actuation mechanisms to provide real-time monitoring and control of water levels. This automated approach offers numerous benefits, including improved water conservation, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced convenience. For smaller tanks, solutions such as ball valves are applicable, which automatically stop the water flow once the tank is full. This is a simple and basic idea for smaller tanks. However, in many large tanks located in buildings, hotels, schools, etc., which require a significant amount of water storage, there is a need to prevent overflow. An electronic solution can be implemented to save water. When the tank is nearing full capacity, it will raise an alarm and stop the water pump. Conversely, it can also help fill the tank when it's empty using an electronic device. The Arduino Uno-based automatic water level indicator and controller is a practical and efficient solution for monitoring and controlling water levels in various applications. This system utilizes ultrasonic sensors to measure water levels by emitting sound waves and calculating the distance based on the echoes they receive after bouncing off obstacles in the water. The Arduino Uno-based automatic water level indicator and controller utilizing ultrasonic sensors is a practical and versatile solution for managing water levels efficiently. It offers accurate measurements, automation, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability for various applications, making it a valuable tool for water level monitoring and control.

Design of automatic water level control system using fuzzy logic

ABSTRACTWith less rainwater that is absorbed into the ground, and the obstruction of water flow causes flooding. The floodgates on river dams are still using manual systems by utilizing human operators, in this case sometimes mistakes occur in decision making. The solution to this problem is to create an automatic sluice system, so that when the condition of the water discharge at the intake is excessive or insufficient, the sluice can open and close pursuant to the required automation of water flow. Measurement of water discharge using a water flow sensor, the results of the sensor readings will be forwarded to the actuator as a door actuator. In this study, the design of the floodgate control system on the dam was carried out through the fuzzy logic technique. The water level and flow sensor data are processed by fuzzy logic technique to control the opening of the floodgates and the condition of the weir. The benefit of this system is easy to monitor and control the floodgates on the weir, with proper control and supervision it will make the water flow evenly distributed, as well as provide early warning information to anticipate when river water overflows and has the potential to flood.

Research and synthesis of the automatic water level control system of the mine water tank according to the criterion of minimizing the dispersion of fluctuations of power consumption

Research and synthesis of the automatic water level control system of the mine water tank according to the criterion of minimizing the dispersion of fluctuations of power consumption

Hydrogen explosions in sprinkler systems

AbstractThis study analyzes the cause of two explosions that occurred during maintenance on a sprinkler system to examine the risk of such an explosion. In both incidences, the explosion occurred after the system was drained into the water‐collecting tank and shortly after the work began. Sprinkler systems in Korea generally use galvanized pipes to prevent corrosion and extend their lifetime. Zinc is the most common element used as a coating material. Although such a system is not usually perceived as dangerous, our study shows that it can contribute to a build‐up of hazardous factors, which ultimately can lead to accidents. As a common metal oxidation reaction, zinc produces hydrogen gas while oxidizing within the water‐filled pipes. Such hydrogen gas can become explosive when stagnating inside the water‐collecting tank as the sprinkler pipes are drained. In both explosion cases, the automatic water level control system of the water‐collecting tank is suspected to have acted as an ignition source for hydrogen gas explosion by electrical contact. By understanding these two cases, we can provide better safety standards for explosion protection for sprinkler systems that are already installed in buildings and those that will be installed in the future.

Automatic Water Level Indicator and Controller

Abstract: This Project mainly aims at optimizing the use of water. Since water wastage has become a major and global issue now, hence water conservation has now become more important. One of the common sources of wastage we encounter is the overflow of water. This project aims to help judge the water level inside the water tank and display it accordingly on the screen while also preventing any overflow of water which is achieved through the Arduino Uno. The ultrasonic sensors used helps determine the water level in tank which is then send to the Arduino Uno, the LCD then attached to it displays the level to us. According to the level of water inside the tank, the Arduino helps turn ON or OFF the servo motor hence closing the source of water. In this way, through the automation of water control, we intent to save the energy and our natural resource. Keywords: Arduino-UNO, DC motor, LCD display, Servo, Ultrasonic sensor

Automatic Water Tank Filling System with Water Level Indicator

In this project, we have worked with an indicator on an automatic water level controller. When we looked up our topic on the internet, we realized that most of the projects used microcontrollers or IC 555, but we didn’t include any of these circuits in our model. Our design is based on the LM324N IC, which functions as a rectifier, oscillator, and comparator. On this foundation, we construct our circuit, and our model is successfully executed at a minimal cost. The project’s goal is to conserve water. Water is a necessary component of our daily life. Water plays a vital role in our everyday life since there is not any water we can’t imagine in our lives. Water is essential for digestion and plays some important roles in the body, such as waste removal, body temperature control, and nutrient transport. Our daily lives began in the upper tank that is the most crucial part of all the houses. Water in your house, including drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and washing, is used almost for all purposes. Appliances such as washing machines and scrubbers require continuous flow. In-house, overhead tanks comply with those requirements. As a result, saving water for humans is important. This problem can be solved by using an automatic water level controller and indicator. The water level controller’s operation is based on the fact that water conducts electricity due to the minerals in it. So As a result, the circuit can be opened or closed using water. The various circuits in the control unit send out different signals as the water level rises or falls. These signals are used to turn ON or OFF the motor pump depending on our requirements. I’m going to install an automatic water level controller so we don’t have to manually turn the motor ON and OFF. The unit tracks the water level and then activates the relay, which activates the Motor. The LM324N IC, carbon level sensor, and relay are the key components in this unit. With this project, we will be able to automatically monitor water wastage and maintain water levels in various systems, such as water tanks, boilers, swimming pools, and so on. Water and energy losses are reduced as a result of this. This also saves manpower because it is no longer necessary to run it manually.

Automatic Water Tank Filling System with Water Level Indicator

In this project, we have worked with an indicator on an automatic water level controller. When we looked up our topic on the internet, we realized that most of the projects used microcontrollers or IC 555, but we didn't include any of these circuits in our model. Our design is based on the LM324N IC, which functions as a rectifier, oscillator, and comparator. On this foundation, we construct our circuit, and our model is successfully executed at a minimal cost. The project's goal is to conserve water. Water is a necessary component of our daily life. Water plays a vital role in our everyday life since there is not any water we can't imagine in our lives. Water is essential for digestion and plays some important roles in the body, such as waste removal, body temperature control, and nutrient transport. Our daily lives began in the upper tank that is the most crucial part of all the houses. Water in your house, including drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and washing, is used almost for all purposes. Appliances such as washing machines and scrubbers require continuous flow. Inhouse, overhead tanks comply with those requirements. As a result, saving water for humans is important. This problem can be solved by using an automatic water level controller and indicator. The water level controller's operation is based on the fact that water conducts electricity due to the minerals in it. So As a result, the circuit can be opened or closed using water. The various circuits in the control unit send out different signals as the water level rises or falls. These signals are used to turn ON or OFF the motor pump depending on our requirements. I'm going to install an automatic water level controller so we don't have to manually turn the motor ON and OFF. The unit tracks the water level and then activates the relay, which activates the Motor. The LM324N IC, carbon level sensor, and relay are the key components in this unit. With this project, we will be able to automatically monitor water wastage and maintain water levels in various systems, such as water tanks, boilers, swimming pools, and so on. Water and energy losses are reduced as a result of this. This also saves manpower because it is no longer necessary to run it manually.

The shutter-automatic machine throughput of the washing device of the water level automatic regulator

To determine the throughput of the automatic gate of the flushing device, which is part of the hydraulic automatic water level controller with flexible working bodies, developed by the author together with Ya.V. Bochkarev, experimental studies were conducted. They were carried out by the method of physical modeling of the model and nature on an experimental installation, with the installation of two models of an automatic shutter: a) with a fixed angle of inclination of the pressure board, b) with an automatic shutter in the form of a container consisting of a rigid board under pressure in front of it and a rubberized fabric, as part of an automatic water level regulator. Based on the results of these studies, formulas and dependencies were obtained to determine the flow rates without taking into account and taking into account the lateral outflows and lateral compression coefficients and the water flows passing through the automatic gate.

Wireless Transceiver Module HC-12 based Automatic Water-level Monitoring and Control System

Wireless Transceiver Module HC-12 based Automatic Water-level Monitoring and Control System

Automatic water level control system using discretized components

This study is based on the design of a portable automatic water level control switch that is capable of switching on the pump when the water level in the overhead tank goes low and switches it off as soon as the water level reaches a pre-determined level to prevent dry-run of the pump in case the level in the underground tank goes below the suction level. The water in the tank is measured by the conductive probes and displaced via the LED indicators. At maximum-set capacity the pump is de-energized to automatically switch off, thereby stopping the inflow of water into the tank. The design approach involves three major stages which are: the power supply unit, the sensing unit, and the motoring and relay unit. The uniqueness of this work is the use of discrete components such as transistors to achieve water level control. This approach is more economical, simpler and easier to implement than the sophisticated programmable logic controllers and computerized microprocessors.
 Keywords: discrete components; conductive probes; sensors; relays; pump

Throughput of the water of shutter with flexible working bodies

The author together with Bochkarev V developed a hydraulic automatic water level controller with flexible working bodies. To determine the throughput and determine the optimal profile shape of the weir of its shutter, experimental studies were conducted. They were carried out by the method of physical modeling of the model and nature in an experimental setup, with the study of three types of shutter models with flexible working bodies with the shapes of a part of the spillway in the form of a board, non-vacuum and elliptical vacuum profile. Based on the results of these studies, without and with a side stream, formulas and dependency curves are obtained for determining the flow rates of the spillway with three forms of its part of the spillway. An analysis of the results of the study showed that the shutter with the spillway non-vacuum profile without has a slightly lower throughput than others, but is characterized by stable operation without vibration and is therefore recommended for use.

Hydrodynamic pressure upon elements of the shutter with flexible working bodies

For automatic control of the water level in the part of the channel in front of the hydraulic structure, a hydraulic automatic water level controller was proposed. Its main element is a shutter with flexible working elements, consisting of a reservoir formed by a shield for draining water from the channel and flexible cloth. To ensure stable operation without vibration, experimental studies of this shutter with a spillway in the form of a non-vacuum profile were carried out. These studies were carried out by the method of physical modeling of the model and nature in an experimental setup. The aim of the study was to determine the hydrodynamic pressure acting on this shutter, the forces of hydrodynamic pressure, and the centers of application of these forces to the shutter in the form of a non-vacuum profile. Studies have shown positive hydrodynamic pressure on the spillway of the shutter, the absence of vibration, the stability of the shutter. The obtained dependences for determining the forces and centers of application of hydrodynamic pressure forces to the elements of the spillway part of the shutter allow us to calculate this shutter

Design, simulation and implementation of an Arduino microcontroller based automatic water level controller with I2C LCD display

<span>The paper explains utilization of Arduino Microcontroller to automatically control level of water in a tank. From a well spelt out algorithms, flowchart was drawn, from which Codes were written and compiled on Arduino IDE. IF statements were copiously used. Proteus was used to simulate the design while the project was implemented on breadboard. Liquid Crystal Display function displays the level of water on the 16 × 2 LCD thus: Very Low, Low, High and Very High. An option of I2C LCD codes was written thus providing advantage of using only two analog input A4 and A5 pins instead of 4 to 8 pins in other configurations thereby allowing other pins dedicated for other tasks. The design recommends improvements in the area of sump control so that its low water level could disable pump thus preventing it from running dry. Protection devices like circuit breaker overload and phase failure relays are recommended in order to prolong the life of the Water pump. It is believed that the design will go in long way in educating power electronic engineers in the arts of design using Arduino; also, a mass production of the device will accentuate Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs in developing countries with its concomitant economic advantages.</span>

Automatic Water Level Control and Monitoring System in Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering and Research

Automatic Water Level Control and Monitoring System in Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering and Research

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Operating Conditions of a Circular Flap Gate for an Automatic Upstream Water Level Control

This article introduces a flow controller for an upstream water head designed for pipe culverts used in drainage ditches or wells. The regulator is applicable to water flow rates in the range of Qmin < Q < Qmax and the water depth H0, exceeding which causes the gate to open. Qmin flow denotes the minimum flow rate that allows water to accumulate upstream of the controller. Above the maximum flow rate Qmax, the gate remains in the open position. In the present study, the position of the regulator’s gate axis was related to the water depth H0 in front of the device. Derived dependencies were verified in hydraulic experiments. The results confirmed the regulator’s usefulness for controlling the water level.