Automatic Spraying System Research Articles

A novel approach for automated rhinoceros beetle control in oil palm replanting: pineapple peel-derived pheromone trap

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is a crucial plant for Indonesia's economy, serving as a major non-oil foreign exchange earner. A significant pest affecting oil palm cultivation, especially during replanting, is the rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L.). Attractant pheromones, derived from pineapples, contain volatile compounds that attract insects. This research aims to develop an automated rhinoceros beetle trap equipped with an automatic pheromone spray system utilizing natural peel pineapple extract. The analysis includes tests for fluid density, spray distribution, and normality. The fluid density of the sample closely resembles that of water (1 g/cm³). Spray distribution results indicate particle sizes (60-112 μm) larger than airborne aerosols (0.001-50 μm). Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests reveal mostly normal data distribution, with minor deviations. Overall, this trap exhibits promise as an effective solution for rhinoceros beetle control in oil palm cultivation.

Development of Automatic Spraying System for Facility Horticulture

Development of Automatic Spraying System for Facility Horticulture

Design and Experiment of an Automatic Row-Oriented Spraying System Based on Machine Vision for Early-Stage Maize Corps

Spraying pesticides using row alignment in the maize seedling stage can effectively improve pesticide utilization and protect the ecological environment. Therefore, this study extracts a guidance line for maize crops using machine vision and develops an automatic row-oriented control system based on a high-clearance sprayer. First, the feature points of crop rows are extracted using a vertical projection method. Second, the candidate crop rows are obtained using a Hough transform, and two auxiliary line extraction methods for crop rows based on the slope feature outlier algorithm are proposed. Then, the guidance line of the crop rows is fitted using a tangent formula. To greatly improve the robustness of the vision algorithm, a Kalman filter is used to estimate and optimize the guidance line to obtain the guidance parameters. Finally, a visual row-oriented spraying platform based on autonomous navigation is built, and the row alignment accuracy and spraying performance are tested. The experimental results showed that, when autonomous navigation is turned on, the average algorithm time consumption of guidance line detection is 42 ms, the optimal recognition accuracy is 93.3%, the average deviation error of simulated crop rows is 3.2 cm and that of field crop rows is 4.36 cm. The test results meet the requirements of an automatic row-oriented control system, and it was found that the accuracy of row alignment decreased with increasing vehicle speed. The innovative spray performance test found that compared with the traditional spray, the inter-row pesticide savings were 20.4% and 11.4% overall, and the application performance was significantly improved.

Automation system spraying desinfectant at Universitas Musamus

During the pandemic the learning process was conducted online and partly done face-to-face so that every day there are still students and employees who are in the campus environment. One of the prevention of covid transmission is done by spraying disinfectant when passing through the front gate of the campus. A design a prototype of an automatic disinfectant spray system and build a system on the prototype that can provide real time information related to monitoring the contents of the disinfectant tank by designing hardware. The results of the research built a disinfectant spraying automation system in front of the entrance gate of Universitas Musamus, to get results that prove that the system performance has been running as expected, there are several tests carried out such as tool testing and measuring the reading distance of the ultrasonic proximity sensor, and testing. sending SMS alert. How to provide information that the liquid in the tank has run out. Sensor sends a status signal for the disinfectant liquid level after spraying, a warning SMS is sent went the distance of disinfectant liquid and the ultrasonic sensor at a predetermined threshold.

Portable manure dispenser machine

In Indian agriculture, farmers usually use the traditional method of transporting manure to the farm by a bullock cart or tractor. Thereafter, agriculture labour’s manually spread the manure through their shovels. This traditional method could take more time, expensive, and moreover it’s unhealthy. These problems can be overcome by automatic fertilizer spraying system using electric motor blades and allowing it to spread uniformly. It’s a portable unit and easily Plug and Play. Here, if the manure must be at least partially dry or completely dry, then it will be easy to spread over there and this manure will be made into smaller particles by the suppressor blades, which will facilitate the spreading mechanism. A special adjustments mechanism has given to spreading blades which can adjustable as per the material. Where the materials are would be either cattle manure or chemical fertilizers or douche. By using this, agricultural manure spreading time, mixing time and making as small particles time and human efforts are reduced greatly and resulting in cost reduction. The goal of this project is to reduce the time and effort required to spread manure on the farm. Most farmers in India, in particular, have adopted the old traditional methods of farming. Here we have found a solution to simplify their work. This makes the farmer feel more comfortable, relaxed and less tired by reducing human efforts due to the constantly spreading activity.

Smart epidemic tunnel: IoT-based sensor-fusion assistive technology for COVID-19 disinfection

PurposeThe purpose of the presented IoT based sensor-fusion assistive technology for COVID-19 disinfection termed as “Smart epidemic tunnel” is to protect an individual using an automatic sanitizer spray system equipped with a sanitizer sensing unit based on individual using an automatic sanitizer spray system equipped with a sanitizer sensing unit based on human motion detection.Design/methodology/approachThe presented research work discusses a smart epidemic tunnel that can assist an individual in immediate disinfection from COVID-19 infections. The authors have presented a sensor-fusion-based automatic sanitizer tunnel that detects a human using an ultrasonic sensor from the height of 1.5 feet and disinfects him/her using the spread of a sanitizer spray. The presented smart tunnel operates using a solar cell during the day time and switched to a solar power-bank power mode during night timings using a light-dependent register sensing unit.FindingsThe investigation results validate the performance evaluation of the presented smart epidemic tunnel mechanism. The presented smart tunnel can prevent or disinfect an outsider who is entering a particular building or a premise from COVID-19 infection possibilities. Furthermore, it has also been observed that the presented sensor-fusion-based mechanism can disinfect a person in a time of span of just 10 s. The presented smart epidemic tunnel is embedded with an intelligent sanitizer sensing unit which stores the essential information in a cloud platform such as Google Fire-base. Thus, the proposed system favours society by saving time and helps in lowering the spread of coronavirus. It also provides daily, weekly and monthly reports of the counts of individuals, along with in-out timestamps and power usage reports.Practical implicationsThe presented system has been designed and developed after the lock-down period to disinfect an individual from the possibility of COVID-19 infections.Social implicationsThe presented smart epidemic tunnel reduced the possibility by disinfecting an outside individual/COVID-19 suspect from spreading the COVID-19 infections in a particular building or a premise.Originality/valueThe presented system is an original work done by all the authors which have been installed at the Symbiosis Institute of Technology premise and have undergone rigorous experimentation and testing by the authors and end-users.

A compound binder of coal dust wetting and suppression for coal pile

Increasing expansion of China’s coal mine production leads to the increased storage pressure in current coal silos. Most of these coals are stored in open-air coal pile. Therefore, those coal piles have caused a series of environmental pollution problems, which includes endangering workers’ health and aggravating air pollution in the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, it is urgent to study and prevent the dust flying problem of coal pile. This paper, based on a single chemical dust suppressant, optimizes a new type of composite binder. This composite binder has advantages of dust suppression effect, relatively simple preparation process and the environmentally friendly agent. This paper is mainly divided into two parts: the study on the influencing factors of dust wetting and the development and application of related spraying systems. Through the energy spectrum analysis of scanning electron microscope and reverse osmosis method, it explores the dust wetting and suppression characteristics of the composite binder with different physical and chemical properties. The optimal application range of the composite binder are obtained. Finally, an automatic spraying system for dust suppression is designed. The composite binder developed in this paper is applied in the open-air coal yard and the results show that the composite binder studied in this paper has a good effect of dust suppression.

Design of Automatic Spraying System for Liquid Pesticide Application on Cabbage Cultivation

This research was conducted to analyze the performance of Knapsack Electric Sprayer (KES) compared with KES that controlled by an Automatic Control System (ACS). KES that is modified with ACS using Arduino Mega as the main controller equipped with a pressure sensor, solenoid valve, and PID control on the control system is able to produce almost constant flow pressure. The ACS was applied using a one-by-one spraying method toward cabbage plants. The performance test was conducted in Sprayer Test Laboratory to analyze two types of nozzles and determine Effective Spraying Debit (ESD), Effective Spraying Width (ESW), and droplet diameters. The results of the research showed that the performance of a 3-hole solid cone nozzle is better than a 4-hole solid cone nozzle at 4 bar pressure. Spraying with ACS using the 3-hole nozzle can produce 95% accuracy of spraying output volume. Using ACS, spray duration on each cabbage was controlled by the system based on input. The ACS type can be applied with high Forward Spraying Speed (FSS) than the sprayer without ACS. The FSS did not affect the output Application Dosage using ACS on the sprayer. The implementation of ACS for spraying cabbage can overcome inappropriate output application dosage.

THE PRODUCTION OF BEAN SPROUT WITH AUTOMATIC SPRAYING SYSTEM FOR LOW FUNCTIONING SPECIAL NEEDS STUDENTS IN SMK DATUK HAJI ABDUL WAHAB

This action research is to identify the effectiveness of the activity bean sprout growing by the automatic spraying system for students with special needs who are in the low functioning category in Smk Datuk Haji Abdul Wahab. The research sample of this study are 12 students low functioning students identified by the diagnostic test. The teaching and learning process of this activity was conducted with teaching tools such as pictures, videos and observation. This activity project was carried out for the last 5 months and 10 times of havest. At the innitial stage, the bean sprouts were sold to the school teachers and several other schools nearby. Findings from the consumer survey reports that the majority of the respondents agrres that the bean sprout is fresh, reasonal price, high quality and satisfying. This project is suggested to be expended in a larger scale.

Influence of substrate temperature on the chemical, microstructural and optical properties of spray deposited CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films

Methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite has been proposed as a key component of thin film solar cells. In this work, the influence of substrate temperature on the properties of spray deposited CH3NH3PbI3 thin films was investigated. The main purpose of this work was to determine the best conditions to deposit and crystallize CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films in a single step. An automatic spray system was used for depositing a solution of lead iodide and methylammonium iodide onto heated substrates under ambient conditions for just one second. After deposition the samples were held at the same temperature for 30 s. The substrate temperature varied from 60 °C to 140 °C. Substrate temperatures in the low range (60 °C–80 °C) led to films with needle-like or dendritic grains, extra phases, and poor coverage due to the low solvent evaporation rate, while depositions above 120 °C led to thermal decomposition of the film. The best results were obtained for substrate temperatures of 100 °C and 120 °C, which produced dense perovskite films with large equiaxed grains and good coverage. The transmittance spectra of these films showed the perovskite characteristic absorption edge at 780 nm. In addition, the Fourier-transform infrared spectra did not show any peaks associated with the solvent, confirming its evaporation and indicating that a 31 s overall processing time is enough to achieve a full perovskite crystallization.

Three-dimensional virtual-real mapping of aircraft automatic spray operation and online simulation monitoring

BackgroundThis study aims at addressing the lack of closed-loop feedback optimizationenabling tool in aircraft automatic spraying systems; we systematically analyze a three-dimensional (3D) virtual-real mapping technique, namely the digital twin technique, used by the automatic spraying system. MethodsWith the sensors installed in the spraying system, the spraying working parameters are collected online and are used for driving the 3D virtual spraying system to realize the total-factor monitoring of the spraying operation. Furthermore, the operation-evaluation model is applied for analyzing and managing the key indexes of the spraying quality; once the data value of the key indexes exceeds a threshold, the operation shall be optimized automatically. ResultsThis approach can effectively support the high-efficiency analysis, evaluation, and optimization of the spraying process.

Introduction to Ice Road Setting Warning and the Application of Automatic Spraying System in Highway

In recent years due to the winter road traffic accidents caused by snow, ice, cause adverse effect on the economic development. Winter driving safety problem is a terrible road operation management departments at various levels. Road ice condensation warning and automatic spraying system is a kind of through the study of the early warning of road ice condensation situation, according to different road conditions ahead of disposal, in order to ensure the roads are not clot ice intelligent device [1]. The equipment in recent years in solving the problem of condensate ice in winter.

Design and Implementation of Automatic Spray System based on the Servo Control System

The brush type plasticizer system in KDF2 filter rod maker tends to result in wide variation in triacetin addition and material waste. In order to improve the quality of filter rod, an automatic triacetin spraying system based on an atomizing technology was designed, wherein PLC and touch screen acted as main controllers. Heated triacetin was pumped into a manifold under high-pressure then evenly sprayed on the running tow by nozzle. By means of the built-in positioning function of PLC and servo positioning module, the tow speed was tracked, the plasticizer valve was accurately controlled to adjust the flow rate of triacetin. By detecting the triacetin temperature and level in the plasticizer booth, triacetin temperature and volume were automatically maintained. The practical testing results showed that the filter rod hardness greater than or equal to 80%. Triacetin was sprayed evenly and the system ran smoothly and reliably.

Develop an unmanned aerial vehicle based automatic aerial spraying system

To perform plant-protection operations, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based automatic control spraying system was designed in China. The system used a highly integrated and ultra-low power MSP430 single-chip micro-computer with an independent functional module. This allowed route planning software to direct the UAV to the desired spray area. The test results of route precision showed that in a 3–4m/s crosswind, route deviations were around 0.2m. The result of multiple-spraying swath uniformity tests showed a minimum coefficient of variation of 25% when flying at a height of 5m with a spraying swath of 7m and a wind speed of 0–2m/s. When the spraying swath was 9m or 5m, the coefficients were 34% and 41%, respectively. Spray uniformity for these UAV tests were superior to the Standard Requirement for ultra-low volume spraying variation coefficient, 60%.

Study on the Automatic Spraying System of Dust Suppressant and Speed Adaptive Algorithms

An automatic spraying system of dust suppressant is proposed in this paper for active control of uneven spraying, secondary pollution in the process of pipe cleaning and inconvenient system maintenance at present. The multilayer structure hardware system including monitoring management, control layer and field directors is designed. These deficiencies are improved by the way of adopting speed adaptive PID control algorithm, the integrated design of spraying mechanism and automatic cleaning technology. The key technology and algorithm are validated experimentally. The results show that the dust suppression proposed can be saved from 20% to 30% compared with traditional spraying system. The environmental pollution and economic losses to the enterprise will also be reduced effectively.

Multiple sprayed composite membranes with high flux for alcohol permselective pervaporation

Alcohol permselective pervaporation is a promising technology for bio-alcohol production. In this study, a multiple spray technique has been developed to prepare hydrophobic composite membranes for alcohol permselective pervaporation. A defect-free permselective layer was successfully obtained by repeated alternate spraying of dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and tetraethylorthosilicate with the addition of dibutyltin dilaurate on to a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane using an automatic spray system. The effects of PDMS molecular weight and concentration, number of spraying cycles, spraying time and standing interval on the membrane performance were intensively investigated. Experiments proved that, compared with the dip-coated membrane, the membrane flux obtained in this way showed a dramatically increase while the selectivity remained at a comparable level. It was found that the multiple spray technique can ensure that there are no defects in the separation layer, by repeated adjustment of the number of spraying cycles, and can also greatly reduce the thickness of a selective layer. In addition, the automatic spray technology removes the inherent unreliability of manual techniques, so is beneficial for large-scale rapid preparation of composite membranes.

A Design of the Automatic Spray System of Belt Conveyor’s Loading Point

In this paper, against the belt conveyor point dust requirements, I design automatic dust removal system set apply loading point. working principle this system. At the same time carried out a detailed description automatic control section on the principle of superiority its work automatically. Finally, simulation software AMEsim its automatic control part the computer simulation obtained a more accurate experimental data. The simulation data show that the system be able to timely adjust the operating parameters system with change dust concentration has the effect of dust, special profiles to normal work. Improve working environment workers, improve the safety of operations, reducing moisture content coal, electricity and water savings, in line with the call the national energy saving, with good promotional value.

Distribution measurements of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and its metabolites in organs by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry using an automatic matrix spraying system with an air brush and a turntable

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI/IMS) is a useful tool for measuring drug distributions. To obtain reproducible analytical results with MALDI/IMS, it is essential to apply a homogeneous matrix coating onto sample surfaces. A simple and inexpensive automatic matrix spraying system (AMSS) with good reproducibility was developed in this study. In addition, drug distributions in organs were measured by MALDI/IMS using the AMSS for forensic toxicology applications. The AMSS was constructed from simple components, including an air brush, a turntable, and a microscope. Organ slices placed onto conductive sheets were attached to the turntable. The trigger of the air brush was held with a clamp to ensure that it sprayed continuously onto a defined area of the table. Periodic spraying of the matrix solution and evaporation of solvent were performed by rotating the turntable. The droplets and crystals on the sample surfaces were observed under a microscope attached to the turntable. The droplet size, rotation rate of the turntable, and the formulation of the matrix solution were optimized. The homogeneity of the matrix coating was evaluated using the coefficients of variation (CV) obtained by quantifying the color density of the sheet surface. The AMSS enabled more homogeneous matrix coating (intersheet CV = 5.4 %) than manual spraying (intersheet CV = 16.7 %) when 10 mL of 0.5 % aqueous trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile (1:3, v/v) containing 10 mg/mL α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid were sprayed as droplets less than 50 μm in diameter onto a turntable rotating at 30 rpm. The distributions of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its main metabolites in the brain, liver, and kidney of a mouse that died from an MDMA overdose (58 mg/kg i.p.) were visualized by MALDI/IMS using the AMSS. The ion intensities of MDMA obtained from the same regions on three sequential kidney slices showed acceptable variations (CV = 2.9-8.8 % for five different regions), implying repeatable measurements with MALDI/IMS using the AMSS. It was revealed that MDMA was particularly concentrated around the brain stem and the major calix of the kidney. The AMSS would be suitable for preparing samples for measuring the distributions of drugs in organs at toxic dose levels in forensic toxicological applications.

Rapid assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes using an automatic spray system

The layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers on to a porous supporting membrane is able to create various new composite membranes. However, the low efficiency and long time required for such procedures limit practical applications. In this study, an automatic spray system has been constructed for the rapid assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers on to nanoporous supporting membranes. The compounds polyacrylic acid and poly(ethyleneimine), used as a model polyelectrolyte pair, were alternately sprayed on to a polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane. Experiments proved that the composite membrane obtained in this way had a good pervaporation dehydration performance. In addition, the process times were dramatically decreased, by as much as 80 folds, when compared with classical dip‐LbL methods. Such an automated system can easily be converted to the assembly of various organic species. Therefore, it is a versatile and highly efficient system for manufacturing composite multilayer membranes for many separation applications. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 250–257, 2013

Raised herd somatic cell count due to Staphylococcus aureus following the failure of an automatic teat spraying system

This study describes the failure of a single jet exit race automatic teat spray (ATS) system resulting in the spread of Staphylococcus aureus infection in a 135-cow dairy herd, which...