Automatic Packet Reporting System Research Articles

Design of Emergency Position Reporting System for Disasters Using Amateur Radio and Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) as a Mobile Station Operator for Educational Purposes

The emergency position reporting system is proposed for disasters using amateur radio and Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) as mobile station operators for unexpected natural disasters after the Internet and mobile communication system infrastructure are destroyed surrounding the disaster areas. In this work, the objectives are to report and receive position information on emergency use with Amateur Radio and APRS as a Mobile Station Operator. The location tracking systems are used with amateur radio devices and implemented with APRS in the act of position reports. The position information is received from the smartphone’s Global Positioning System (GPS) using the offline mode to the APRS via Bluetooth network that is connected to transceivers. The transceiver used the dual-band Yagi antenna 145Mhz/435Mhz called Mobile Station Operator (MSO) as the APRS client using callsign. The MSO collected the location data sent to the Response Station Operator (RSO) that combined with APRS, transceivers, and antenna. The server system allowed data location information monitoring using a valid passcode from a licensed amateur radio operator and used strictly by the servers to validate the connection to the server application.

Utilization of Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) for Weather Station Monitoring

Nowadays, weather monitoring is indispensable. The data obtained in the present or past can be a reference to predict future weather, can be used to determine the condition of the antenna on ground stations in the face of extreme weather. It is necessary to have a tool that can read the parameters of the weather, because the importance of weather monitoring. Automatic Weather Station (AWS) This type of ADS-WS1 is a tool that can read several parameters of weather quantities such as rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and pressure. It has equipped with sensors to read the number of weather parameters. ADS-WS1 not using internet networks, but use radio frequencies for sending a sensor data that has connect to the transceiver. With that frequency the signal will be transmitted and received via satellite or terrestrials with Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) through radio frequency and Internet gateway or known as (iGate). The result from the sensor that have been installed at the PUSTEKSAT ground station can be monitored both on Radio Frequency (RF) and Internet, the purpose of this research is to send weather data station with APRS format via Radio frequency, this a proof of concept for sending weather information via APRS format system. Keywords- AWS, APRS, Radio, ADS-WS1, Frequency

Rancang Bangun Alat Penghitung dan Pemilah Ikan Berdasarkan Berat Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik dan Load Cell Berbasis Arduino Uno

Nowadays, weather monitoring is indispensable. The data obtained in the present or past can be a reference to predict future weather, can be used to determine the condition of the antenna on ground stations in the face of extreme weather. It is necessary to have a tool that can read the parameters of the weather, because the importance of weather monitoring. Automatic Weather Station (AWS) This type of ADS-WS1 is a tool that can read several parameters of weather quantities such as rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and pressure. It has equipped with sensors to read the number of weather parameters. ADS-WS1 not using internet networks, but use radio frequencies for sending a sensor data that has connect to the transceiver. With that frequency the signal will be transmitted and received via satellite or terrestrials with Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) through radio frequency and Internet gateway or known as (iGate). The result from the sensor that have been installed at the PUSTEKSAT ground station can be monitored both on Radio Frequency (RF) and Internet, the purpose of this research is to send weather data station with APRS format via Radio frequency, this a proof of concept for sending weather information via APRS format system. Keywords- AWS, APRS, Radio, ADS-WS1, Frequency

APRS Data Receiver Using Raspberry Pi in LAPAN-A2 Satellite

Lapan-A2 Satellite, also known as LAPAN-ORARI, is the second satellite developed by the Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) especially by Satellite Technology Center. This satellite was launched in 2015 which one of the payloads is for amateur radio communication such as VR (Voice Repeater) and APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System). The APRS is a method of transmitting messages, status and positions using certain range of frequency and often used by Search and Rescue (SAR) team. Due to its function, APRS are not only used for disaster mitigation but also transmit various kind of data such as text message and weather information. In order to receive such information, APRS must be equipped with supporting devices. Formerly, APRS utilize terminal node controller and special hardware to decode its information but those technology is quite expensive. To address that challenge, this paper proposed an alternative way to decode the information send both from satellite APRS and terrestrial APRS by using raspberry Pi to replace those high-cost system.

The Louisiana Space Consortium Student Sounding Balloon Program

Since the fall of 2003 the Louisiana Aerospace Catalyst Experiences for Students (LaACES) program has been providing university students a two semester project that culminates with the flight of a scientific balloon experiment. During the first semester students complete the Student Ballooning Course (SBC) which teaches basic skills necessary to develop a working scientific payload. The SBC consists of a series of lectures and activities providing instruction in electronics, programming, project management, balloon payload design, and introductory circuit assembly. The SBC introduces the BalloonSat, a sub-assembly designed at LSU for LaACES which contains a microcontroller, real-time clock and a four channel analog-to-digital converter. The second semester is spent on the design, development, testing and calibration of the payloads. Upon completion of the Flight Readiness Review, students travel to the NASA Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility (CSBF) in Palestine, Texas for integration, launch, recovery and science presentations. A flight capable Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) radio beacon armed with GPS and command capable cut down was developed to track the balloon during flight and to cut-down the payloads. Tracking vehicles are outfitted with radios tuned to APRS frequency and laptops displaying maps of the payload location. Here we describe LaACES; program development, tools and technologies, implementation, program, management issues and flight experiences.

System Operation of Regional UTM in Taiwan

The hierarchical unmanned aerial systems (UAS) traffic management (UTM) is proposed for UAS operation in Taiwan. The proposed UTM is constructed using the similar concept of ATM from the transport category aviation system. Based on the airspace being divided by 400 feet of altitude, the RUTM (regional UTM) is managed by the local government and the NUTM (national UTM) by the Civil Aeronautical Administration (CAA). Under construction of the UTM system infrastructure, this trial tests examine the effectiveness of UAV surveillance under 400 feet using automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)-like on-board units (OBU). The ground transceiver station (GTS) is designed with the adoptable systems. In these implementation tests, five long-range wide area network (LoRa) gateways and one automatic packet reporting system (APRS) I-Gate are deployed to cover the Tainan Metropolitan area. The data rates are set in different systems from 8 to 12 s to prevent from data conflict or congestion. The signal coverage, time delay, data distribution, and data variance in communication are recorded and analyzed for RUTM operation. Data streaming and Internet manipulation are verified with cloud system stability and availability. Simple operational procedures are defined with priority for detect and avoid (DAA) for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Mobile communication and Zello broadcasts are introduced and applied to establish controller-to-pilot communication (CPC) for DAA. The UAV flight tests are generally beyond visual line-of-sight (BVLOS) near suburban areas with flight distances to 8 km. On the GTS deployment, six test locations examine communication coverage and effectiveness using ADS-B like OBUs. In system verification, the proposed ADS-B like OBU works well in the UTM infrastructure. The system feasibility is proven with support of receiving data analysis and transceiver efficiency. The trial test supports RUTM in Taiwan for UAV operations.

Implementation of a Low-Cost Flight Tracking System for High-Altitude Ballooning

High-altitude balloons (HABs) are typically tracked via Global Positioning System (GPS) data sent via real-time radio-based communication systems such as the Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS). Prefabricated APRS-compatible tracker modules have made it trivial to transmit GPS coordinates and payload parameters in compliance with the requisite AX.25 protocol. However, in order to receive and track APRS signals, conventional methodologies call for the use of a very-high-frequency (VHF) receiver to demodulate signals transmitted on the APRS frequencies, along with a compatible antenna and custom methodology for visualizing the HAB’s location on a map. The entire assembly is typically costly, cumbersome, and may require an Internet connection in order to obtain real-time visualization of the HAB’s location. This paper describes a low-cost, handheld system based on open-source software that operates independently of an Internet connection. The miniaturized system is suited to tracking done either from a vehicle or on foot, and it is cost-effective enough to be within the means of nearly any HAB user. The paper also discusses preliminary test results and further applications.

Design and Realization of Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) for Sending Telemetry Data in Nano Satellite Communication System

To communicate with the ground station, nano satellite requires a communication system that serves in real time to regulate the procedure with ground station. One of the missions of nano satellites is the retrieval of telemetry data from sensors that transmitted using APRS technology (Automatic Packet Reporting System). We designed a prototype to monitor sensor by utilizing the APRS. Real-time sensor data was transmitted to monitor through radio using AX.25 protocol. On the transmitter side, an APRS Tracker integrated with a microprocessor ATMEGA 1284P to modulate the AFSK signal. The existence of this AFSK signal is used to transmit and receive telemetry data using handy talky. We use a computer with AGWPE software to demodulate the AFSK signal and UI-View32 to show the telemetry data. The results showed that the telemetry data can be displayed on the receiver side and acquired in real time. The accuracy of temperature sensor received by the receiver is 92.97%, and humidity sensor is 90.57%. There was a delay of 1 second for the reception of telemetry data directly.

Performance of LAPAN-A2 satellite data to classify land cover/land use in Semarang, Central Java

LAPAN-A2 is a 2nd generation of microsatellite developed by the Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), Indonesia. This satellite has been launched on September 28, 2015, with several primary missions are: Earth observation using an RGB camera, maritime traffic monitoring using Automatic Identification System (AIS), and supporting disaster mitigation through amateur radio automatic packet reporting system (APRS) and a voice repeater. The installed camera on the satellite can provide imagery with 3.5 m spatial resolution and able to view a swath 7 km wide. This study is attempt to classify and evaluate the accuracy of land cover and land use (LCLU) map classified from the LAPAN-A2 satellite data. As a reference we used the Pleiades-1A Orthorectified imagery data with 0.5 m spatial resolution. Through visual interpretation method, we classified the LCLU into five classess as follows: water body, building, vegetation, road, and bare land. The confusion matrix was applied to evaluate the classification results for three selected area of interest (AOI). We obtained the overall accuracy, producer’s accuracy, and user’s accuracy are about 61.77%, 61.02%, and 83.78% respectively.

Dual Mitigation System: Database System Combination of EWS and APRS for Disaster Management (Case Study: Malang Southern Coast)

Malang Southern Coast is one of the areas highly potential in earthquake and tsunami. An effective mitigation system is needed to manage them. Dual Mitigation System is a system combining Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (INA-TEWS) and Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS). INA-TEWS is a warning system when the earthquake or tsunami takes place. APRS is a radio system to share information digitally. Radio wave can work in emergency situation. The methodology used is by analyzing earthquake data as a foundation of location determination to Dual Mitigation application system. The location of Dual Mitigation System was tested by evacuation process speed and information of APRS. The results show that this system is an effective early warning system employing INA-TEWS data and it gives evacuation process in about 4-6 minutes and 7-10 minutes faster using vehicle and without vehicle by APRS compared to the existing conventional method.

Numerical Modelling of Trajectory of High Altitude Missions

This paper shows several stratospheric flights performed with weather balloons both in Romania and Australia. A typical 6 DOF (degrees of freedom) model is presented for the payload in order to allow a future implementation of controlled payload recovery through the usage of a steerable parafoil. Also an ascent rate calculation model is presented that takes into account a standard US 1976 atmosphere model as well as the thermodynamics of the lifting gas inside the weather balloon. It is shown the typical payload used as well as the APRS (automatic packet reporting system) communication package used for tracking and telemetry real-time as well as the photo and video equipment used for flight imaging. Altitude and trajectory are presented as functions of time and discussion is done regarding the best GPS (global position system) installation position in order to ensure GPS coverage data for most of the flight, including the burst. Various flight dynamics characteristics are described including the ascent and descent rates as well as a detailed description on how to achieve a desired ascent rate. Future aerosol detection mission is proposed in the framework of the next generation of satellites aimed at actively detecting aerosol pollution in the atmosphere. High altitude balloon platforms are proposed to provide calibration and validation of satellite data in various regions of interest worldwide.

DSP implementation of integrated store-and-forward APRS payload and OBDH subsystems for low-cost small satellite

The developed system, based on the DSP (Digital Signal Processor), provides an integrated store-and-forward APRS (Automatic Packet Reporting System) payload and OBDH (On Board Data Handling) subsystems at a very low cost and on a single board with dimensions less than 10 cm × 10 cm, thereby enabling a new level of performance for CubeSat-class spacecraft. In this paper, we consider the problem of designing a low-complexity AFSK and GMSK modems for a satellite communication link where the constraints on satellite power budget, antenna size, and data rate are such that the available transmit power, aboard the Picosatellite, is 1 Watt. To cut down the cost of the Picosatellite, we give a particular attention to software optimization due to use of small amount of 8K words Radiation Hardness ROM memory containing the application program. We have defined a methodology approach based on two design steps: algorithmic optimization, and optimal programming using Assembler language. Due to the radiation in space and the constraints of the Picosatellite, some measures regarding volume, mass, power, cost and radiation tolerance, had to be taken into consideration when the system was designed.

Leadership Forum: APhA, APRS, and Public Policy

Malang Southern Coast is one of the areas highly potential in earthquake and tsunami. An effective mitigation system is needed to manage them. Dual Mitigation System is a system combining Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (INA-TEWS) and Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS). INA-TEWS is a warning system when the earthquake or tsunami takes place. APRS is a radio system to share information digitally. Radio wave can work in emergency situation. The methodology used is by analyzing earthquake data as a foundation of location determination to Dual Mitigation application system. The location of Dual Mitigation System was tested by evacuation process speed and information of APRS. The results show that this system is an effective early warning system employing INA-TEWS data and it gives evacuation process in about 4-6 minutes and 7-10 minutes faster using vehicle and without vehicle by APRS compared to the existing conventional method.