Objective To establish and implement a smartphone-based school syndromic surveillance system, and to provide references for school communicable disease control and prevention. Methods A smartphone-based school syndromic surveillance system was constructed and applied. A list of seven symptoms including fever, cough, vomit, diarrhea, rash, red eye and parotid swelling was classified as targeted indicators. Spatio-temporal permutation scanning was applied to automatic early warning. Results A total of 1 973 school joined the syndromic surveillance system. System usage rate was 54.13%, no significant differences were found among different types of schools (χ 2 = 1.58, P =0.67), whereas significant differences were observed among counties (χ 2 = 726.78, P <0.01). Totally, 852 036 pieces of symptoms data were reported during September 2018 to March 2019, the primary symptoms included cough (35.17%) and fever (21.11%). Time trends in different symptoms varied with time, with fever and cough highest in January, vomit and diarrhea in November. Thirteen pieces of early warning were confirmed as school communicable diseases by field investigation, the average number of the infected students were four. Conclusion The smartphone-based school syndromic surveillance system is generally acceptable. Characteristic seasonal distributions of school communicable diseases are reflected accurately by surveillance system which plays an active role in prevention and control of school communicable diseases. 【摘要】 目的 建立并应用基于智能手机的学校症状监测系统, 为学校开展传染病防控工作提供参考。 方法 依托 网络技术, 建立以智能手机为信息收集端的杭州市学校症状监测系统, 以发热、咳嗽、呕吐、腹泻、皮疹、红眼、腮腺肿大作为 监测指标, 采用时空扫描方式对症状数据进行绝对数阈值自动预警。 结果 2018 年 9 月至 2019 年 3 月, 系统共注册 1 973 所学校, 系统使用率达 54.13%, 不同类型学校系统使用率差异无统计学意义 (χ 2 =1.58, P =0.67), 不同地区系统使用率差 异有统计学意义 (χ 2 = 726.78, P <0.01)。累计上报 7 类监测症状信息共 852 036 条, 以咳嗽 (35.17%)、发热 (21.11%) 症状 为主, 不同症状时间变化趋势略有不同, 发热与咳嗽髙峰为 1 月, 呕吐与腹泻的髙峰为 11 月。13 条自动预警信息经调査 确认为聚集性疫情, 平均发病 4 人。 结论 杭州市学校症状监测系统适用性广泛, 监测数据较好地反映了学校常见传染病 的季节特征, 在传染病疫情早期预警中发挥了哨兵作用。