Autologous Multipotent Stromal Cells Research Articles

The acceleration of collagen biodegradation after adsorption of mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells in experiment

Background. The scientific literature contents clearly not enough data at interaction of collagen materials with a living organism and about influence of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) on this process. There are controversies about the collagen degradation and the development of foreign body reactions. However, without account these results, it is impossible to estimate the timeframes for complete lysis of such materials, to progress effective methods for the prevention and treatment of developing complications. Objective. To study the features of the collagen-based material degradation after implantation with adsorbed autologous mesenchymal MSC of bone marrow origin (AMMSCBMO) in the experiment. Design and methods. In different times the condition of tissues around the implanted collagen membrane with adsorbed AMMSCBMO was studied by method of light microscopy. Results. The number of vessels and cellular elements in the collagen material implanted without AMMSCBMO increases to 3 weeks and remains at this level until the end of the observation. A distinctive features of the use of collagen membrane with adsorbed AMMSCBMO are increased vascularization and cellular infiltration of the material in the first 2 weeks after surgery. This effect further leads to a more rapid degradation of all implanted collagen, including its more dense parts, but does not prevent the formation of multinuclear macrophages with fused cytoplasm. Conclusion. As a result of more significant vascularization and cellular infiltration caused by AMMSCBMO adsorbed on the surface of the collagen material, to the 4th week the entire implant is full destroyed and absorbed, and dense fibrous connective tissue is formed in its place. For the implantation into the body, one should choose the most homogeneous collagen materials, without areas of different density, as slowly degrading fragments can cause the development of granulomatous inflammation and the failure of the implantation procedure.

Reconstruction of Ligament and Tendon Defects Using Cell Technologies.

We studied the possibility of restoring the integrity of the Achilles tendon in rabbits using autologous multipotent stromal cells. Collagen or gelatin sponges populated with cells were placed in a resorbable Vicryl mesh tube and this tissue-engineered construct was introduced into a defect of the middle part of the Achilles tendon. In 4 months, histological analysis showed complete regeneration of the tendon with the formation of parallel collagen fibers, spindle-shaped tenocytes, and newly formed vessels.

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells protect against kidney injury

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells protect against kidney injury

Orthotopic Location Has Limited Benefit from Allogeneic or Autologous Multipotent Stromal Cells Seeded on Ceramic Scaffolds

Improvement of tissue-engineered grafts is still a challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. Using multipotent stromal cells (MSCs), which have immunosuppressive qualities in an allogeneic situation, off-the-shelf implants can be created. This study compared allogeneic and autologous MSCs at an orthotopic (L1 transverse process model) and ectopic (intramuscular) implantation location in 2-year-old goats. Further, the possible additional effect of platelet-leukocyte gel (PLG) as a source of growth factors on bone formation was investigated. For the orthotopic implantation, cassettes were implanted in nine goats bilaterally on the lumbar transverse processes, either with PLG-seeded or with plasma-seeded constructs. To assess the onset of bone formation, fluorochromes were administered at weeks 3, 5, and 9. Their incorporation in newly formed bone indicated that seeded cells enhanced bone formation in the first weeks. Nevertheless, after 16 weeks no beneficial effects of cells were found in the cassettes in contrast to the ectopic location. No effect of PLG on bone formation was shown at either location. Finally, we show no significant difference in bone formation between autologous and allogeneic MSCs, an important finding when considering the use of allogeneic cells as an off-the-shelf component in tissue-engineered bone in goats.